CN101716648A - Bearing part post-forging intelligent cooling control technical process and device - Google Patents
Bearing part post-forging intelligent cooling control technical process and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101716648A CN101716648A CN200910220517A CN200910220517A CN101716648A CN 101716648 A CN101716648 A CN 101716648A CN 200910220517 A CN200910220517 A CN 200910220517A CN 200910220517 A CN200910220517 A CN 200910220517A CN 101716648 A CN101716648 A CN 101716648A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bearing part post-forging intelligent cooling control technical process and a device, which are used for controlling high carbon-chromium bearing steel ring post-forging network carbide which is less than or equal to 2.5 grade. The device comprises a temperature measuring member, a fast cooling member, a control member and an executing member. When the device works, the temperature of a forge piece is measured when the forge piece is rapidly cooled, and at the same time the device automatically judges whether the temperature decreases below 680 DEG C; and when the temperature falls below 680 DEG C, the forge piece is automatically delivered out for air cooling. In the invention, boiled water with the temperature of over 90 DEG C is used as cooling medium to inhibit the generation of network carbide and refine texture through fast cooling of spraying and steeping to avoid the generation of cracks, and the temperature of forge pieces is ensured to be below 680 DEG C when fast cooling is ended by measuring the temperature of each forge piece, so that fast cooling has more reliable effect compared with the prior fog cooling. The device is suitable for bearing holder ring forge pieces with the weight less than 50kg, the wall thickness thinner than or equal to 40mm and the diameter smaller than 680mm.
Description
Technical field
Bearing parts of the present invention forges the back intelligent cooling control technical process and equipment relates to bearing parts forging back process for cooling process and equipment.
Background technology
High-carbon-chromium bearing steel forges at present, is easy to generate net carbide when temperature is 900 ℃ to 680 ℃ especially.Net carbide will influence the performance of bearing, be an important indicator that guarantees bearing quality so net carbide is controlled within the qualified rank.The bearing industry qualified technology of net carbide that guarantees commonly used has two:
Generally, bearing industry forging commonly used back " spraying is cooled off " suppresses the net carbide generation.But in actual production process, there are many uncontrollable factors in the technological parameter of existing spraying cooling, and not enough when spraying occurring, cooling is not enough, and net carbide is just greater than 2.5 grades; Excessive when spraying, just cause workpiece crack; Irregular when spraying, cause the forging quality uniformity poor; Long when spray time, martensitic structure or mixed grain structure or the like appear in the surface.
Second is normalizing.After finding that net carbide exceeds standard, adopt normalizing as remediation processes.Normalizing can be eliminated most of net carbide and thinning microstructure.But normalizing exists time-consuming and the big shortcoming of power consumption, and normalizing process also exists and makes in the steel thick carbide grow up the risk of tiny carbide dissolving.If control is improper in the cooling procedure of normalizing process, equally also can produce new net carbide exceed standard (JB/T1255).So this technology mainly is used under the situation that has produced net carbide.
It is a hang-up during present high-carbon-chromium bearing steel forging is produced that control forging net carbide does not exceed standard.It also is a current main difficult technical that influences China's bearing forging quality.
At existing problem in the above-mentioned prior art, a kind of novel bearing parts of research and design is forged back intelligent cooling control technical process and equipment, overcomes that existing problem is very necessary in the prior art.
Summary of the invention
In view of existing problem in the above-mentioned prior art, the objective of the invention is a kind of novel bearing parts of research and design and forge back intelligent cooling control technical process and equipment, solving high-carbon-chromium bearing steel forges in the cooling procedure of back, because there are many uncontrollable factors in the technology of spraying cooling, not enough when spraying occurring, cooling is not enough, and net carbide is just greater than 2.5 grades; Excessive when spraying, just cause workpiece crack; Irregular when spraying, cause the forging quality uniformity poor; Long when spray time, martensitic structure or mixed grain structure or the like problem appears in the surface.
Bearing parts of the present invention forges the back intelligent cooling control technical process and equipment is made up of water pump, thermometric keeper, high temperature thermometer, spraying cooling district, low-temperature measurement instrument, immersion cooling area.Soak cooling area and form heat sink at left part at right part in described spraying cooling district.The spraying cooling district is made up of water pump, sparge pipe, workpiece raceway and feeding gate.Feeding gate is contained in right edge top, in the door workpiece raceway is housed, and water pump is contained in the bottom, guides to the top of workpiece raceway through sparge pipe.Described immersion cooling area promotes blue the composition by lifting cable, lifting back shaft, lifting wheel, discharge door, workpiece.Lifting wheel is contained in the top of soaking cooling area through promoting back shaft, and the end connection workpiece lifting that promotes cable is blue, and the other end is crossed to promote and taken turns to wind, and discharge door is contained in top, limit, left side.Described feeding gate passes on left back shaft the thermometric keeper is housed.High temperature thermometer is equipped with on thermometric keeper top, and the low-temperature measurement instrument is equipped with on the top of soaking cooling area.
The intelligent cooling control technical process process was as follows after bearing parts of the present invention was forged:
The first step is placed on the high temperature workpiece behind the finish-forging on the thermometric keeper, and high temperature thermometer is measured the temperature of workpiece;
When the workpiece final forging temperature was lower than desired temperature 1, computer intelligence was judged to be waste product, sent into waste disposal;
When the workpiece final forging temperature is higher than desired temperature 1, hang or push rod pulls method of shipment workpiece is sent on the workpiece raceway in the feeding gate by fishhook;
In second step, computer control starts water pump (1) and by sparge pipe (2) workpiece (6) is carried out heat water-spraying's cooling; Workpiece is adjustable 0.5～1m/s by the speed in spray district, to adapt to the workpiece cooling requirement of different size; The minimum discharge of water pump requires greater than 10 liters/second;
In the 3rd step, workpiece is measured temperature by the low-temperature measurement instrument after entering workpiece lifting basket, and wisdom can judge whether workpiece temperature is qualified as calculated:
The temperature of (returning red) after the workpiece internal temperature is delivered to surface of the work is in desired temperature 2 scopes, and the computer-made decision workpiece is certified products, goes out through discharge door, enters the certified products raceway and collects back air cooling;
When the temperature of (returning red) after the workpiece internal temperature is delivered to surface of the work is higher than desired temperature 2 scopes, promote the direction of motion of cable by Motor Control, make workpiece promote the blue temperature that hot-water soak reduces workpiece that enters, mention workpiece lifting indigo plant after 4～8 seconds workpiece is carried out thermometric, so repeatedly, when wisdom can judge that temperature that the workpiece internal temperature is delivered to (returning red) behind the surface of the work is in desired temperature 2 scopes as calculated, the computer-made decision workpiece is certified products, go out through discharge door, enter the certified products raceway and collect back air cooling;
When the temperature of (returning red) after the workpiece internal temperature is delivered to surface of the work was lower than desired temperature 2 scope lower limits, the computer-made decision workpiece was a defective work, goes out through discharge door, enters the waste product raceway.
Water pump of the present invention carries out the heat water-spraying by sparge pipe to workpiece, and to cool off used hot water temperature be more than 90 ℃.It is more than 90 ℃ that described workpiece promotes the blue hot water temperature that temperature is used who enters hot-water soak reduction workpiece.Desired temperature 1 of the present invention is 800 ℃, and desired temperature 2 is 460～680 ℃.
Bearing parts of the present invention is forged back intelligent cooling control technical process and equipment technology characteristics:
1, cooling fast behind the finish-forging, surface temperature drop to desired temperature 2 and below, finish cooling fast, carry out air cooling.Workpiece has reduced the diffusivity of carbon in fast cold process, suppressed the net carbide generation, promotes pearlite colony to separate out refine pearlite crystal grain.Quasi-eutectoid taking place in slow process air cooler thereafter change, make the bearing forging be transformed into sorbite tissue (or upper bainite and sorbitic line and staff control) from austenite structure, gets ready for spheroidizing obtains tiny point-like spherodized structure.
2, the process of cooling is finished at the spraying cooling district and the immersion cooling area of equipment fast.Because the workpiece size is different with shape, the thermal capacity difference of workpiece, spraying cooling district major function is that big heat of workpiece siphoned away, the major function of soaking cooling area is that workpiece that thermal capacity is bigger (as wall thickness more than 30) carries out the segmentation cooling, guarantee workpiece internal and external temperature decline basically identical, and returning when red surface temperature in the scope of setting value 2.
3, in the process of quick cooling, equipment can initiatively 100% be measured each workpiece temperature, can be to finish cooling fast or continue (secondary or three immersions) cooling fast according to workpiece temperature situation judgement workpiece.The higher limit of red temperature＜desired temperature 2 is returned in assurance.
4, finish the process of work-piece cools automatically by computerized equipment, and with high and low temperature, the cool time of measuring workpieces, go out cooler bin temperature etc. and all be recorded in the computer, in order to examination.
5, cooling medium is a hot water more than 90 ℃, because the temperature basic fixed of cooling medium, the speed during cooling becomes a definite value substantially, and convenient control helps the cooling effect uniformity.The type of cooling is heat water-spraying or hot-water soak, has guaranteed that each one of workpiece contacts closely with cooling medium, and cooling is even, and cooling velocity does not have crackle, thereby reaches safe and reliable purpose faster than spraying, has eliminated the many uncontrollable factors in the spraying cooling.Equipment can add the water source automatically, keeps water level not descend because of evaporating loss.Because the effect of water level control, each medium that adds is less, can not drop to below 90 ℃ because of medium temperature appears in the interpolation medium.
6, cooling cost is low, and operating cost is low.Compare with normalizing, do not have high energy consumption, compare with spraying, the water source is saved in recycling of water, and water temperature did not descend when the heat of workpiece itself was enough to keep work.
7, present technique environmental protection and energy saving are discharged behind the water infantile feverish perspiration vapour in the cooling procedure, do not pollute.
8, this technology is applied widely, and this equipment is applicable to below the diameter 680mm that below the ring width 220mm, it is cold soon that the following wall thickness of weight 50kg reaches the following all kinds of bearing rings of 40mm.Net carbide after fast cold is below 2.5 grades.
9, this equipment can satisfy the forging productive temp, forms production line with forcing press and ring rolling machine.
10. this technology can be applied to cooling procedure after the forging of high-carbon steel, high-alloy steel class part (comprising molding cutter)
Bearing parts of the present invention is forged back intelligent cooling control technical process and equipment and is become each uncontrollable factor in the present cooling procedure into controlled, thereby has guaranteed that net carbide is up to standard.By quick Cooling Control, make forging be organized as tiny sorbite and prepare and alternative existing normalizing process and spraying process for cooling for spheroidizing provides favorable tissue.
Bearing parts of the present invention is forged the advantage of back intelligent cooling control technical process and equipment
1 with hot water more than 90 ℃ as the technology of the quick cooling medium of bearing forging.This medium has the advantage of safe and reliable energy-conserving and environment-protective.
2 adopt more than 90 ℃ the heat water-spraying and soak the cooling control technology technology that combines.The cooling velocity of spray is soaked fast, spray with soak the cooling control technology that combines and can conveniently realize the temperature of accurately control after cold soon.For the little lasso of wall thickness, can finish quick cooling by spray.For the bigger lasso of wall thickness, spray relief temperature inside passes to the surface and soaks cooling again, is beneficial to the consistent control net carbide that reaches of internal and external temperature and produces.
3 spray times control technology.Reach the control of control spray time by adjusting the movement velocity and the jet flow amount size of workpiece in the spray district.
4 carry out temperature survey, are cooled fast in desired temperature 2 scopes from desired temperature 1 to guarantee each part workpiece temperature within 2 minutes each workpiece, guarantee that net carbide reaches＜=2.5 grades technology.
Thereby 5 utilization computer technologies guarantee the controlled of chilling temperature to the control of chilling temperature.
6 utilization computer technologies are to the differentiation of fast cold quality and underproofly pick choosing automatically.
Description of drawings
The present invention has two width of cloth accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is that bearing parts is forged back intelligent cooling control technical process and equipment configuration schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is a process chart
Among the figure: 1, water pump 2, sparge pipe 3, workpiece raceway 4, back shaft 5, thermometric keeper 6, workpiece 7, high temperature thermometer 8, feeding gate 9, spraying cooling district 10, low-temperature measurement instrument 11, lifting cable 12, lifting back shaft 13, lifting wheel 14, discharge door 15, workpiece promote indigo plant 16, soak cooling area.
The specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the invention as shown in Figure 1, described bearing parts is forged back intelligent cooling control technical process and equipment, formed by water pump 1, thermometric keeper 5, high temperature thermometer 7, spraying cooling district 9, low-temperature measurement instrument 10, immersion cooling area 16, soak cooling area 16 and form heat sink at left part at right part in described spraying cooling district 9; Spraying cooling district 9 is made up of water pump 1, sparge pipe 2, workpiece raceway 3 and feeding gate 8; Feeding gate 8 is contained in right edge top, in the door workpiece raceway 3 is housed, and water pump 1 is contained in the bottom, guides to the top of workpiece raceway 3 through sparge pipe 2.Described immersion cooling area 16 promotes blue 15 by lifting cable 11, lifting back shaft 12, lifting wheel 13, discharge door 14, workpiece and forms.Lifting wheel 13 is contained in the top of soaking cooling area 16 through lifting back shaft 12, and an end that promotes cable 11 connects workpiece and promotes indigo plant 15, and the other end is crossed lifting wheel 13 to wind, and discharge door 14 is contained in top, limit, left side; Described feeding gate 8 passes on left back shaft 4 thermometric keeper 5 is housed.High temperature thermometer 7 is equipped with on thermometric keeper 5 tops, and low-temperature measurement instrument 10 is equipped with on the top of soaking cooling area 16.
The intelligent cooling control technical process process was as follows after bearing parts of the present invention was forged:
The first step is placed on the high temperature workpiece 6 behind the finish-forging on the thermometric keeper 5, and the temperature of 7 pairs of workpiece 6 of high temperature thermometer is measured;
When the workpiece final forging temperature was lower than desired temperature 1, computer intelligence was judged to be waste product, sent into waste disposal;
When the workpiece final forging temperature is higher than desired temperature 1, pulls method of shipment by fishhook suspension or push rod and workpiece 6 is sent on the workpiece raceway 3 of 8 li of feeding gates;
In second step, computer control starts water pump 1 and carries out heat water-spraying's cooling by 2 pairs of workpiece of sparge pipe 6; Workpiece 6 is adjustable 0.5～1m/s by the speed in spray district, to adapt to the workpiece cooling requirement of different size; The minimum discharge of water pump requires greater than 10 liters/second;
The 3rd step, after workpiece 6 enters workpiece lifting blue 15, measure temperature by low-temperature measurement instrument 10, wisdom can judge whether workpiece 6 temperature are qualified as calculated:
The temperature of (returning red) is in desired temperature 2 scopes after the workpiece internal temperature is delivered to workpiece 6 surfaces, and computer-made decision workpiece 6 is certified products, goes out through discharge door, enters the certified products raceway and collects back air cooling;
When the temperature of (returning red) is higher than desired temperature 2 scopes after the workpiece internal temperature is delivered to workpiece 6 surfaces, promote the direction of motion of cable 11 by Motor Control, make workpiece promote blue 15 and enter the temperature that hot-water soak reduces workpiece 6, mention the blue 15 pairs of workpiece 6 of workpiece lifting after 4～8 seconds and carry out thermometric, so repeatedly, when wisdom can judge that temperature that workpiece 6 internal temperatures are delivered to workpiece 6 back, surface (returning red) is in desired temperature 2 scopes as calculated, computer-made decision workpiece 6 is certified products, go out through discharge door, enter the certified products raceway and collect back air cooling;
When the temperature of (returning red) after the workpiece internal temperature is delivered to surface of the work was lower than desired temperature 2 scope lower limits, computer-made decision workpiece 6 was a defective work, goes out through discharge door, enters the waste product raceway.
Claims (4)
1. a bearing parts is forged back intelligent cooling control technical equipment, formed by water pump (1), thermometric keeper (5), high temperature thermometer (7), spraying cooling district (9), low-temperature measurement instrument (10), immersion cooling area (16), it is characterized in that described spraying cooling district (9) at right part, soak cooling area (16) and form heat sink at left part; Spraying cooling district (9) is made up of water pump (1), sparge pipe (2), workpiece raceway (3) and feeding gate (8); Feeding gate (8) is contained in right edge top, in the door workpiece raceway (3) is housed, and water pump (1) is contained in the bottom, guides to the top of workpiece raceway (3) through sparge pipe (2); Described immersion cooling area (16) is promoted blue (15) and is formed by lifting cable (11), lifting back shaft (12), lifting wheel (13), discharge door (14), workpiece; Lifting wheel (13) is contained in the top of soaking cooling area (16) through promoting back shaft (12), and an end that promotes cable (11) connects workpiece and promotes blue (15), and the other end is crossed lifting wheel (13) to wind, and discharge door (14) is contained in top, limit, left side; Described feeding gate (8) passes on left back shaft (4) thermometric keeper (5) is housed; High temperature thermometer (7) is equipped with on thermometric keeper (5) top, and low-temperature measurement instrument (10) is equipped with on the top of soaking cooling area (16).
2. a bearing parts is forged the back intelligent cooling control technical process, it is characterized in that the intelligent cooling control technical process process is as follows:
The first step is placed on the high temperature workpiece (6) behind the finish-forging on the thermometric keeper (5), and high temperature thermometer (7) is measured the temperature of workpiece (6);
When the workpiece final forging temperature was lower than desired temperature 1, computer intelligence was judged to be waste product, sent into waste disposal;
When the workpiece final forging temperature is higher than desired temperature 1, pulls method of shipment by fishhook suspension or push rod and workpiece (6) is sent on the workpiece raceway (3) of feeding gate (8) lining;
In second step, computer control starts water pump (1) and by sparge pipe (2) workpiece (6) is carried out heat water-spraying's cooling; Workpiece (6) is adjustable 0.5～1m/s by the speed in spray district, to adapt to the workpiece cooling requirement of different size; The minimum discharge of water pump requires greater than 10 liters/second;
In the 3rd step, workpiece (6) is measured temperature by low-temperature measurement instrument (10) after entering workpiece lifting blue (15), and wisdom can judge whether workpiece (6) temperature is qualified as calculated:
The temperature of (returning red) is in desired temperature 2 scopes after the workpiece internal temperature is delivered to workpiece (6) surface, and computer-made decision workpiece (6) is certified products, goes out through discharge door, enters the certified products raceway and collects back air cooling;
When the temperature of (returning red) is higher than desired temperature 2 scopes after the workpiece internal temperature is delivered to workpiece (6) surface, promote the direction of motion of cable (11) by Motor Control, make workpiece promote blue (15) and enter the temperature that hot-water soak reduces workpiece (6), mention workpiece lifting blue (15) after 4～8 seconds workpiece (6) is carried out thermometric, so repeatedly, when wisdom can judge that temperature that workpiece (6) internal temperature is delivered to workpiece (6) surface back (returning red) is in desired temperature 2 scopes as calculated, computer-made decision workpiece (6) is certified products, go out through discharge door, enter the certified products raceway and collect back air cooling;
When the temperature of (returning red) after the workpiece internal temperature is delivered to surface of the work was lower than desired temperature 2 scope lower limits, computer-made decision workpiece (6) was a defective work, goes out through discharge door, enters the waste product raceway.
3. bearing parts according to claim 2 is forged the back intelligent cooling control technical process, and it is characterized in that by sparge pipe (2) workpiece (6) being carried out the heat water-spraying by described water pump (1), to cool off used hot water temperature be more than 90 ℃; The hot water temperature that temperature is used that described workpiece lifting blue (15) enters hot-water soak reduction workpiece (6) is more than 90 ℃.
4. bearing parts according to claim 2 is forged the back intelligent cooling control technical process, it is characterized in that described desired temperature 1 is 800 ℃, and desired temperature 2 is 460～680 ℃.
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| CN102248119A (en) * | 2011-06-25 | 2011-11-23 | 江苏宏宝锻造有限公司 | Temperature-controlled cooling device of fracture-splitting connecting rod |
| CN102886486A (en) * | 2012-10-13 | 2013-01-23 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Forging bearing steel cooling method for diameter forging machine |
| CN103468904A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2013-12-25 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Control method of network carbide of GCr15 bearing steel wire rod |
| CN105861805A (en) * | 2016-04-09 | 2016-08-17 | 福建尚锟齿轮箱制造有限公司 | Automobile gearbox gear heat treatment device |
| CN106834653A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-06-13 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of bearing ring forging tissue fast spheroidizing annealing method based on controll cooling after forging |
| CN108500199A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-07 | 合肥市远大轴承锻造有限公司 | A kind of Intelligent cold control device for inhibiting bearing forging net carbide to be formed |
| CN114210911A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-03-22 | 德清恒富机械有限公司 | Intelligent cooling control method and equipment for bearing parts after forging |
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| CN102248119A (en) * | 2011-06-25 | 2011-11-23 | 江苏宏宝锻造有限公司 | Temperature-controlled cooling device of fracture-splitting connecting rod |
| CN102886486A (en) * | 2012-10-13 | 2013-01-23 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Forging bearing steel cooling method for diameter forging machine |
| CN102886486B (en) * | 2012-10-13 | 2014-12-17 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Forging bearing steel cooling method for diameter forging machine |
| CN103468904A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2013-12-25 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Control method of network carbide of GCr15 bearing steel wire rod |
| CN103468904B (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2015-07-08 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Control method of network carbide of GCr15 bearing steel wire rod |
| CN105861805A (en) * | 2016-04-09 | 2016-08-17 | 福建尚锟齿轮箱制造有限公司 | Automobile gearbox gear heat treatment device |
| CN105861805B (en) * | 2016-04-09 | 2018-05-22 | 福建尚锟齿轮箱制造有限公司 | A kind of automobile gearbox gear annealing device |
| CN106834653A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-06-13 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of bearing ring forging tissue fast spheroidizing annealing method based on controll cooling after forging |
| CN106834653B (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2018-03-16 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of bearing ring forging tissue fast spheroidizing annealing method based on controll cooling after forging |
| CN108500199A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-07 | 合肥市远大轴承锻造有限公司 | A kind of Intelligent cold control device for inhibiting bearing forging net carbide to be formed |
| CN108500199B (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2023-07-07 | 合肥市远大轴承锻造有限公司 | Intelligent cooling control device for inhibiting formation of net carbide of bearing forging |
| CN114210911A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-03-22 | 德清恒富机械有限公司 | Intelligent cooling control method and equipment for bearing parts after forging |
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