CN101648205B - Plant repair method of soil polluted by phenanthrene, pyrene or pentachlorophenol - Google Patents
Plant repair method of soil polluted by phenanthrene, pyrene or pentachlorophenol Download PDFInfo
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- CN101648205B CN101648205B CN2009101842006A CN200910184200A CN101648205B CN 101648205 B CN101648205 B CN 101648205B CN 2009101842006 A CN2009101842006 A CN 2009101842006A CN 200910184200 A CN200910184200 A CN 200910184200A CN 101648205 B CN101648205 B CN 101648205B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- IZUPBVBPLAPZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentachlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl IZUPBVBPLAPZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
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- 235000011330 Armoracia rusticana Nutrition 0.000 claims description 43
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- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
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Abstract
The invention relates to a plant repair method of soil polluted by phenanthrene, pyrene or pentachlorophenol, belonging to the treatment field of soil environment pollution and comprising the following steps: (A) measuring the content of the phenanthrene, pyrene or pentachlorophenol in soil; and (B) implanting a golden weeping willow or planting deep-rootedness plant horse radish or implanting golden weeping willow and planting deep-rootedness plant horse radish at the same time. The willow in the step B is a golden weeping willow J1011(Salix*jiangsuensis CL.1011), and 4-6 golden weeping willows or deep-rootedness plant horse radishes are planted when the content of the phenanthrene, the pyrene and the pentachlorophenol 5, 50 or 1mg/kg per square meter of soil. The invention can stably remove organics in the soil well, conforms with the principle of taking actions that suit local circumstances and effectively applies natural force; the golden weeping willow and the deep-rootedness plant horse radish are used in combination, enabling pollutants to be concentrated intensively, therefore, the treatment effect is better than the sum of the effects of respective single treatment.
Description
Technical field
The field is administered in the soil pollution that the present invention relates in the environmental protection, and saying so more specifically is subjected to the plant restoration method of phenanthrene, pyrene or pentachlorophenol contaminated soil.
Background technology
Soil is the important natural resources of human survival and development and the basis that whole terrestrial ecosystems are rely and existed, and is all extremely important for agricultural sustainable development and human existence.Report (IRRTC) according to UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) nineteen ninety, have every year hundred million tons of organic matters of 3-4 to enter environment approximately, wherein major part has entered soil environment.The problem of China's soil pollution is also very serious, and cultivated land resource sustainable use and grain-production safety have been proposed stern challenge.Such as, organo-chlorine pesticide was forbidden nearly 20 years, and residual quantity reduces greatly in the soil, but recall rate is still very high.Along with urbanization and process of industrialization are accelerated, the soil organic contamination also increasingly sharpens near city and the industrial area, and the environmental pollution improvement of these soil is very urgent with reparation.Because organic compound has higher soil-water partition coefficient, in case after entering soil, its overwhelming majority accumulates in the soil, not only difficult degradation, and toxicity is big, so countries in the world have all been dropped into the recovery technique research that a large amount of manpowers, financial resources are carried out orgnic compound pollution soil.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; PAHs) being meant the fused ring compound that two or more phenyl ring are arranged with wire, horn shape or bunch shape, is the ubiquitous representative important persistence organic pollutant of a class in the environment.Chlorophenol is widely used as the preservation of timber against decay agent, herbicide, bactericide, solvent, heat exchanging agent etc.Chlorophenol can be discharged into after using and cause severe contamination in the natural environment.Chlorophenol is defined as priority pollutants by China Environmental Monitoring General Station and Environmental Protection Agency USA respectively.Pentachlorophenol (Pentachlorophenol, PCP, molecular formula C
6HCl
5O) be wherein more a kind of, its chemical property is stable, the longevity of residure is long, toxicity is high, and organism is had broad spectrum toxicity and mutagenicity.The reparation research of this two classes organic polluted soil has higher realistic meaning.
The organic material contaminated soil restorative procedure mainly comprises physics recovery technique, chemical recovery technique, phytoremediation technology and microorganism recovery technique etc.Wherein phytoremediation technology can not destroy ecological environment of soil as a kind of emerging green bio technology, keeps taking away pollutant by the effect of plant from soil under the situation of soil texture and microbial activity, thereby repairs contaminated soil.Phytoremediation all is better than the method for traditional physics or chemistry on environment friendly and economy, be a very promising method that solves organic material contaminated soil problem in the environment, has now become the research focus at environmental area.
Phytoremediation technology owing to have cost low, do not destroy environment, protection human health and easily caused that for advantages such as masses' acceptance people pay close attention to greatly.Carried out the research of a lot of phytoremediation polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutions in different field such as soil science and environmental sciences.Done a large amount of research at the degraded of pentachlorophenol both at home and abroad, thereby but former studies mainly concentrates on the biological effectiveness how microorganism to reduce pentachlorophenol reduces its harm.Some research also begins to relate to the phytoremediation that is subjected to the pentachlorophenol contaminated environment.But often plant is short and small, the speed of growth is slow for the plant that is applied to repair, the upperground part biomass is little, has become the restriction of maximum in the practical application.Therefore, utilize tall and big plant such as willow that the research work that contaminated environment carries out phytoremediation is arisen at the historic moment, development in recent years is rapid, also more and more comes into one's own.Discover that xylophyta is deceived willow (Salix nigra Marshall), white poplar (Populus del-toidesxP.nigra DN 34), ash (Fraxinus Pennsylvania Marshall) all can improve PAHs degraded in the rhizosphere soil.Rhizosphere soil microorganism total amount and PAHs degradation bacteria quantity are all greater than non-rhizosphere soil, and the PAHs degradation bacteria increases in rhizosphere soil selectively.These xylophytas are repaired in the particularly rhizosphere reparation at polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and pentachlorophenol has bigger application potential.But the organic matter amount of enrichment in these xylophytas is gathered in the crops the organic matter amount that causes plant to be removed in the soil in the single season of growth because of needs dig up roots fewer, simultaneously these pollutants becomes to also existing risk (Spriggs T.Banks M K the most after all, Schwab P, Phytoremediation of poly-cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons inmanufactured gas plant-impacted soil[J] .J Environ Qual, 2005,34:1755-1762).
Utilizing the catalytic polymerization of enzyme to be used for handling phenols and aromatic amine compounds pollutes bibliographical information has been arranged.Horseradish peroxidase (being usually said peroxidase) is called horseradish peroxidase because of deriving from horseradish, this kind of enzyme specific activity height, and stable, molecular weight is little, and pure enzyme prepares easily, so the most frequently used.Horseradish peroxidase is used more and very potential aspect the catalysis synthetic polymer, and it can be with hydrogen peroxide as electron acceptor, the peroxidization of transfer catalysis phenol and aniline category matter.Being reported in to handle uses peroxidase to handle in the waste water.Because the character of itself directly is used to handle polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with it or pentachlorobenzene phenols contaminated soil also exists very big suffering.
Summary of the invention
1, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention
The problem that exists in the reparation at phenanthrene, pyrene or pentachlorophenol contaminated soil, the invention provides the plant restoration method that is subjected to phenanthrene, pyrene or pentachlorophenol contaminated soil, by golden silk willow being inserted kind or plantation phreatophyte horseradish is applied to the reparation of organic matter luxuriant and rich with fragrance and pyrene or pentachlorophenol contaminated site soil, realize low-cost, efficient, safe soil remediation.
2, technical scheme
Be subjected to the plant restoration method of phenanthrene, pyrene or pentachlorophenol contaminated soil, the steps include:
(A) content of measurement soil China and Philippines and pyrene or pentachlorophenol;
(B) with slotting kind of golden silk willow or plantation phreatophyte horseradish or slotting simultaneously kind of golden silk willow and plantation phreatophyte horseradish.
Willow among the above-mentioned steps B is golden silk willow J1011 (Salix * jiangsuensis CL.1011), and the content of luxuriant and rich with fragrance, pyrene and pentachlorophenol is per 5,50 or every square metre of plantation 4～6 strains during 1mg/kg soil.
Horseradish among the step B (Armoracia rusticana (lam.) Gaerth) is perennial Cruciferae vegetative propagation deep-rootedness root nodule plant, and the mode that its planting patterns is buried with fleshy root is imbedded or imbedded with the golden silk willow inter-planting.The horseradish planting density is 50～200g/m among the step B
2
3, beneficial effect
The invention provides the plant restoration method that is subjected to phenanthrene, pyrene or pentachlorophenol contaminated soil, with respect to prior art, have following beneficial effect: (1) golden silk willow is as the living plant of beta pruning, can from the plant that grows up, gather in the crops the vegetative propagation branch continuously on the basis that does not gather in the crops root, these branches better can stably be removed organic matter in the soil because of the overground part accumulation ability like this, thereby these branches can be reused for the risk that the biomass growth has avoided pollutant to become existing the most after all; (2) the phreatophyte horseradish of Shi Yonging is the common species in field, has met the principle of suiting measures to local conditions, and elements should be used effectively; (3) golden silk willow and phreatophyte horseradish are used in combination, make pollutant can better obtain enrichment, treatment effect is better than independent respectively treatment effect sum; (4) except that the advantage of having drawn the phytoremediation environment friendly, use plant to give birth to as this locality, the puzzlement that can not bring the non-native species is relatively coordinated with the natural, ecological process of soil, is better than conventional method on environment friendly; Simultaneously, the plantation of forest can bring economic worth to the grower.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the Sino-Philippines concentration of soil was schemed over time under the golden silk willow plantation was handled;
Fig. 2 is the variation diagram of the Sino-Philippines concentration of golden silk willow leaf and stem along with the time;
The Sino-Philippines concentration of soil was schemed over time when Fig. 3 was the horseradish plantation;
Fig. 4 is that pyrene concentration is schemed over time in the following soil of golden silk willow plantation processing;
Fig. 5 is that pyrene concentration is schemed over time in horseradish when plantation soil;
Fig. 6 is the variation diagram that golden silk willow plantation begins PCP concentration the soil down when handling;
Fig. 7 is that PCP concentration is schemed over time in horseradish when plantation soil;
Fig. 8 is that the Sino-Philippines concentration of soil is schemed over time under the plant society plantation;
The Sino-Philippines concentration of golden silk willow leaf and stem was along with the variation diagram of time when Fig. 9 was the horseradish plantation;
Figure 10 be under the combined grow in the soil pyrene concentration scheme over time.
The specific embodiment
Further specify the present invention by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Embodiment 1:
The original position phytoremediation effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon phenanthrene-polluted soil
The repairing test point is positioned at Jiangning District town, Nanjing.Dig out 200m during test earlier
2The rectangle plot in soil, build up test tank and carry out down the gathering system of infiltration, then with earthen backfill, when being backfilling into topsoil, carry out back-filling in layers, layering evenly sprinkles the solution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon phenanthrene, fully levels land behind the mixing, and top layer bulk grogs is beaten carefully.Be divided into some 1 * 1m with the PVC dividing plate then
2Square sub-district, dividing plate buried depth 25cm.Per 3 adjacent sub-districts be 1 group parallel.Inserting kind of a plant is golden silk willow J1011, every square metre of plantation 5 strains (100 strains/every 100mg phenanthrene/kg soil) when planting density is a 5mg phenanthrene/kg soil, insert kind of the time for pollute handle 3 days after.Processed group has: the soil control group, golden silk willow group and horseradish group are designated as CK, W and HR respectively.Processing time is to pollute after four months, and adopts topsoil and plant sample (containing leaf and stem) in 15 days, 30 days and 45 days respectively in processing, and duration of test carries out field management according to the locality custom.
Fig. 1 has provided the golden silk willow plantation and has handled the Sino-Philippines concentration of following soil over time.As can be seen from Figure, after the processing beginning, the plantation of golden silk willow has facilitation to the decline of the Sino-Philippines concentration of soil.The plantation of golden silk willow is after 45 days, and the treatment effect of topsoil China and Philippines can reach more than 30%.Golden silk willow was planted 4 months before processing, and the Sino-Philippines concentration of this moment golden silk willow leaf and stem reaches 0.202 ± 0.016 and 0.489 ± 0.024mg/kg (dry weight) respectively.Fig. 2 shows that after handling beginning, the Sino-Philippines concentration of golden silk willow leaf and stem significantly increases along with the prolongation of time.Through 45 days growth, the Sino-Philippines concentration of golden silk willow leaf and stem increased about 30% than handling initial value respectively.As can be seen from Figure 3, the phreatophyte horseradish is perennial Cruciferae vegetative propagation deep-rootedness root nodule plant, and the mode that its planting patterns is buried with fleshy root is imbedded separately, and planting density is 50g/m
2, the horseradish plantation also has certain facilitation to the reduction of the Sino-Philippines concentration of soil.The horseradish plantation is after 45 days, and the treatment effect of topsoil China and Philippines also can reach more than 30%.This explanation golden silk willow J1011 helps its reparation to phenanthrene-polluted soil to the strong absorption and accumulation ability that phenanthrene has.On the other hand, the plantation of horseradish also helps the degraded of soil China and Philippines and the reparation of pollution.
Embodiment 2:
The original position phytoremediation effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pyrene contaminated soil
Its basic step is with embodiment 1, every square metre of plantation 5 strains (500 strains/every 100mg pyrene/kg soil) when just the golden silk willow planting density is a 50mg pyrene/kg soil, and processed group has: soil control group, golden silk willow group, horseradish group are designated as CK, W and HR respectively.Fig. 4 has provided golden silk willow plantation and has handled down in the soil pyrene concentration over time.As can be seen from Figure, after the processing beginning, W handles the decline of pyrene concentration in the following soil and compares significant difference (p＜0.05) with the CK control group.The plantation of golden silk willow is after 45 days, and the treatment effect of pyrene can reach more than 40% in the topsoil.At duration of test, pyrene concentration does not detect in golden silk willow leaf and the stem.As can be seen from Figure 5, the phreatophyte horseradish is perennial Cruciferae vegetative propagation deep-rootedness root nodule plant, and the mode that its planting patterns is buried with fleshy root is imbedded separately, and planting density is 200g/m
2, the horseradish plantation has significant facilitation to the minimizing of pyrene concentration in the soil.Compare with the S control group, pyrene concentration has significant decline (p＜0.05) in the HR processed group soil.The horseradish plantation is after 45 days, and the treatment effect of pyrene also can reach more than 25% in the topsoil.The plantation of this explanation golden silk willow and the plantation of horseradish can both significantly promote the decline of pyrene concentration in the soil.
Embodiment 3:
The original position phytoremediation effect of pentachlorophenol contaminated soil
Its basic step is with embodiment 1, when just the golden silk willow planting density is a 1mg pentachlorophenol/kg soil there be every square metre of plantation 5 strains (10 strains/every 100mg pentachlorophenol/kg soil) processed group: soil control group, golden silk willow group, horseradish group are designated as CK, W and HR respectively.And for the horseradish group, because of the addition 50,100 or the 200g/m of horseradish
2Difference is designated as HR50 respectively, HR100 and HR200.
Fig. 6 has provided the situation of change that begins PCP concentration the soil when golden silk willow is planted down from processing.As can be seen from Figure, from handling, the plantation of golden silk willow has facilitation to the decline of PCP concentration in the soil, the decline and the CK control group significant difference (p＜0.05) of pentachlorophenol concentration in the soil under the W processing.The plantation of golden silk willow is after 45 days, and the treatment effect of pentachlorophenol can reach more than 40% in the topsoil.As can be seen from Figure 7, the phreatophyte horseradish is perennial Cruciferae vegetative propagation deep-rootedness root nodule plant, and the mode that its planting patterns is buried with fleshy root is imbedded separately, and planting density is 100g/m
2, the horseradish plantation has significant facilitation to the minimizing of PCP concentration in the soil.Compare with the S-CK processing, (the plantation amount is 50g/m to the 50HR processed group
2The time) PCP concentration had significant decline (p＜0.05) after 45 days in the soil.And 100HR processed group and 200HR processed group were remarkable decline (p＜0.05) after 15 days.The horseradish of different plantation amounts also has remarkable influence to the variation of PCP concentration in the soil.Along with the increase of plantation horseradish amount, the attenuation ratio regular meeting of PCP concentration increases in the soil.Compare with the 50HR processed group, 100HR processed group and 200HR processed group just have significant reduction effect (p＜0.05) respectively after handling 30 days and 15 days.Three groups of HR processed group were handled after 45 days, and the treatment effect of pentachlorophenol can reach more than 30,45 and 50% respectively in the topsoil.The plantation of this explanation golden silk willow and the plantation of horseradish can both promote the decline of pentachlorophenol concentration in the soil.Wherein, the plantation of horseradish is more obvious to the facilitation effect that pentachlorophenol concentration in the soil descends, and its increase effect along with plantation horseradish amount also strengthens.
Embodiment 4:
The plant society repairing effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon phenanthrene-polluted soil
Its basic step is with embodiment 1, and processed group has: soil control group, golden silk willow and horseradish combination group are designated as CK and W+HR respectively.Willow is golden silk willow J1011, and the phreatophyte horseradish is perennial Cruciferae vegetative propagation deep-rootedness root nodule plant, and mode and golden silk willow inter-planting that its planting patterns is buried with fleshy root are imbedded, and planting density is 100g/m
2As Fig. 8, its treatment effect is compared with embodiment 1, and the effect of plant society reparation is better than single, and treatment effect can reach more than 50% after 45 days.As Fig. 9, after handling beginning, the Sino-Philippines concentration of golden silk willow leaf and stem still prolongs in time and significantly increases.Under horseradish was handled, through 45 days growth, the Sino-Philippines content of golden silk willow leaf and stem was increased to 1134% and 501% than handling initial value.
Embodiment 5:
The plant society repairing effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pyrene contaminated soil
Its basic step is with embodiment 2, and processed group has: soil control group, golden silk willow and horseradish combination group are designated as CK and W+HR respectively.Willow is golden silk willow J1011, and the phreatophyte horseradish is perennial Cruciferae vegetative propagation deep-rootedness root nodule plant, and mode and golden silk willow inter-planting that its planting patterns is buried with fleshy root are imbedded, and planting density is 80g/m
2As Figure 10, its treatment effect is compared with embodiment 2, handles with HR and compares, pyrene concentration has certain decline in the W+HR processed group soil, still, compares with the W processing, pyrene concentration does not but have remarkable decline in the W+HR processed group soil, and even so, treatment effect can reach more than 40% after 45 days.Under horseradish was handled, through 45 days growth, pyrene content still failed to detect in golden silk willow leaf and the stem.
Embodiment 6
The basic handling step is with embodiment 1,2 and 3, just the planting density of golden silk willow is adjusted, by relatively finding, the content that is respectively soil China and Philippines, pyrene and pentachlorophenol when planting density be per 5,50 and during 1mg/kg during every square metre of plantation 4～6 strains treatment effect good, planting density is too small or cross and mostly be unfavorable for actual treatment effect and economic principle.
Claims (3)
1. a plant restoration method that is subjected to phenanthrene, pyrene or pentachlorophenol contaminated soil the steps include:
(A) content of measurement soil China and Philippines, pyrene or pentachlorophenol;
(B) will plant phreatophyte horseradish or slotting simultaneously kind of golden silk willow and plantation phreatophyte horseradish, golden silk willow wherein is golden silk willow J1011, and the content of soil China and Philippines, pyrene or pentachlorophenol is respectively per 5,50 and every square metre of plantation 4～6 strains during 1mg/kg.
2. the plant restoration method that is subjected to phenanthrene, pyrene or pentachlorophenol contaminated soil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the phreatophyte horseradish among the step B is perennial Cruciferae vegetative propagation deep-rootedness root nodule plant, the mode that its planting patterns is buried with fleshy root is imbedded or is imbedded with the golden silk willow inter-planting.
3. the plant restoration method that is subjected to phenanthrene, pyrene or pentachlorophenol contaminated soil according to claim 2 is characterized in that the horseradish planting density is 50～200g/m among the step B
2
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109226255A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-01-18 | 杭州滨江区市政园林工程有限公司 | A kind of restorative procedure of organic polluted soil |
| CN110523768B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2021-01-05 | 湖南恒凯环保科技投资有限公司 | Phytoremediation method for pentachlorophenol polluted soil |
| CN110586643B (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2021-06-01 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 | Dry farming farmland soil pollution remediation method |
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