CN101646892A - 用于诊断截止阀的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及燃料管路(50)中的截止阀(400,500,510)的诊断方法,在燃料管路(50)中的截止阀(400,500,510)设置在至少一个贮罐(100,110)和至少一个喷射阀(700)之间。为了进行诊断,截止阀(400,500,510)被关闭,并且燃料通过喷射阀被喷出,以使内燃机运行。如果燃料管路中的燃料压力未按预期方式降低,则认定截止阀的截止作用不足。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及按照独立权利要求的前序部分的、用于诊断在燃料管路中的截止阀的方法以及燃料供应系统。
背景技术
包括压缩气体的系统,即所谓的CNG(压缩天然气)系统,一般包括由贮罐截止阀、控压截止阀、控压模块和低压系统中的过压阀构成的串联管路。在此情况下,控压模块本身通常也具有阀门功能,其在出现过高压力时相对高压区截断低压区,以避免在过高压力下无法在可靠地打开喷射阀或喷入阀。
因为法律要求,尤其是设有多个贮罐截止阀。不过,截止功能出错就是说内漏对正常的汽车运行没有影响。如果截止装置在发生故障的情况下无法充分关闭,则出现整个贮罐储存物质会散失到环境当中。因此,在准备阶段最好日常地检查截止装置/截止阀的截止作用并且在不产生截止作用时采取维修或事故响应措施是非常有意义的。
由未预先公开的DE102005048456中已经知道了一种方法,其中在截止阀下游调节出低的燃料压力,在此,在截止喷射阀关闭时检查截止阀下游的燃料压力是否增大。如果燃料压力增大,则认定截止阀的截止作用不足。
US6427670B2例如公开了一种CNG系统,其中燃料在压力下储存在贮罐中并且通过燃料管路被送往喷射阀。在内燃机关停且贮罐阀门关闭后规定,检查燃料管路中的燃料压力,在这里,如果燃料压力比预期更快速地降低,则发现外漏,就是说燃料系统对外界环境的不密封性。
发明内容
与之相比,具有方法独立权利要求的特征的本发明方法具有以下优点,可以分几步地利用一般本来就有的传感器或者测量机构来检查设置在至少一个贮罐和至少一个喷射阀之间的燃料管路中的截止阀的截止作用,就是说检查内漏。为此,截止阀被关闭并且在关闭的截止阀下游的燃料压力被监测,在这里,还通过喷射阀将燃料喷入燃烧室中,以使内燃机运行。从喷入的燃料量中确定在截止阀下游预期有的燃料压力,在这里,如果截止阀下游的燃料压力不同于预期燃料压力或者说不像预期的那样递减,则阀门的截止作用被识别为不够充分。
此外,具有装置独立权利要求的特征的燃料供应系统同样是有利的。在此情况下,设有包括执行机构和监测机构的控制装置,其中控制装置和装置机构被设置用于执行本发明的方法。
通过从属权利要求所述的措施,可以实现对独立权利要求所给出的方法的改进和完善。
此外,如果截止阀下游的燃料压力超过预期的燃料压力和/或燃料压力偏离预期的压力变化曲线,则认定截止作用不足。
在另一个有利的实施方式中规定,截止阀的诊断在内燃机关停时进行,其中内燃机将会在诊断结束之前一直运行。
还有利的是,在测量燃料管路中压力时考虑表征燃料温度的参数。
因此,可以有利地从温度和压力中确定系统中的燃料量,并且如果在截止阀下游的燃料管路中的燃料量不小于预期的燃料量,则认定阀门的截止作用不足。
附图说明
图1表示根据本发明的燃料供应系统的一个例子。
具体实施方式
图1示意表示用于以液化气或压缩气体如氢气或天然气使内燃机工作运行的燃料供应系统。在所示的实施例中,燃料在压力下储放在第一贮罐100和第二贮罐110中。第一贮罐100和第二贮罐110中的燃料压力,进而间接地也就是燃料填充状态,分别通过第一和第二贮罐压传感器200、210来监测。两个贮罐100、110与一条共同的燃料管路50相连,该燃料管路将燃料送往调压阀300并在调压阀300的下游送往四个喷射阀700。在该共同的燃料管路50和贮罐100、110之间,分别设有一个贮罐截止阀500、510。在调压器300的上游设有截止阀400,在调压器300和截止阀之间设有第三压力传感器200,在调压器300和喷射阀700之间设有第四压力传感器230。为了填充燃料系统,在共同的燃料管路的一端设有填充接管600。
在燃料供应系统的正常工作中,例如氢气在直到300巴的压力下被储放在两个贮罐100、110中。贮罐截止阀500、510和燃料管路50中的截止阀400被打开。就此而言,在共同的燃料管路50中在调压器之前出现例如小于300巴的贮罐压力,并且将通过第三压力传感器220来测量该贮罐压力。调压器300降低出现的压力,从而在调压器300的下游例如在燃料管路中出现2巴至6巴的压力。伴随此低压,燃料随后通过喷射阀700被喷入在此未示出的内燃机的燃烧室中。
在发生故障时或者在特殊的工作条件下规定,关闭截止阀500、510和400。如果喷射阀700或燃料管路出现泄漏,则将会避免燃料逸散到环境中。由于截止阀的高度安全关联性,所以人们期望日常定期检查截止阀的截止作用。
为了检查截止阀的截止作用或者说密封性,本发明规定,截止阀400被关闭并且监测截止阀400下游的燃料压力,在这里,喷射阀700还在工作以使内燃机运行。根据已知的工作条件如燃料管路中的压力和必要时温度以及喷射阀700的喷射持续时间,可以求出流入燃烧室的燃料量。被喷入的燃料量将少了燃料管路中的燃料量,并且在截止阀400关闭且紧密密封的情况下造成燃料管路中的压力降低。一旦压力降低不是按照预期方式进行,则起因于燃料通过截止阀后流入燃料管路。
伴随每次喷射过程,在关闭的截止阀的下游的燃料管路中的预期燃料压力本身也降低。因此,随着喷射过程的次数越来越多,在截止阀的上游侧和下游之间出现压差。
因此,根据本发明也可以规定通过监测截止阀两侧的压差。
此外,也可以规定,确定高于预期燃料压力的阈值,此时截止阀400的截止作用尚可勉强被认为充分。根据通过喷射阀流出的燃料量来跟踪该阈值。
为了进一步改善对截止作用的检查精度,可以在调压器下游通过第四压力传感器230检查压力。为此,在待检查的关闭的截止阀400的下游的压力因通过喷射阀700喷出燃料而降低到低于调压阈值的压力。如果调压器300的调压阈值例如为6巴,则该压力被调整到小于6巴,就是说例如2巴。在此条件下,调压器300被完全打开,因而压力传感器230直接在截止阀400的下游侧测量压力。该做法的优点是,一方面,在截止阀400处的压差尽量大,另一方面,低压区内的第四压力传感器230由于测量区比高压区内的第三压力传感器220小而更灵敏地反应。因此,测量的精度和可靠性提高。为了改善精度,可以通过附加的温度测量来进行在被观测的体积内的物质增量的精确计算。温度测量可以利用在被观测的体积上的温度传感器或者贮罐温度传感器来进行。
当然,也可以想到根据本发明的燃料供应系统的其它实施方式。因此,例如可以省掉第一和第二压力传感器200、210并且通过其它方式或者例如通过第三压力传感器220来确定燃料压力。
也可以规定,只使用一个燃料贮罐或者多于两个的燃料贮罐。
此外,本发明的方法不局限于截止阀400的故障诊断。尤其是也可以检查两个贮罐阀门500、510的截止作用。
如果要在例如高载荷下进行故障诊断,则存在在关闭的截止阀下游侧具有大梯度的燃料压力低于临界压力并且无法再实现内燃机运行的危险。为了避免此现象,有意义地规定一个压力阈值,低于该压力阈值将不进行故障诊断,或者说规定一个载荷阈值,高于该载荷阈值将不再进行故障诊断。
如果出现低的载荷要求,则截止阀将一直关闭,直到能发现截止阀下游侧的燃料压力降低。这能够使内燃机继续运行以及进行故障诊断。再截止阀关闭状态下,所喷入的燃料量被积蓄起来并与为该截止阀而限定的最大值做比较,在此最大值时,可以识别压力降低。
所积蓄的喷入燃料量的规定容许最大值例如可以在准备阶段中被求出,并且必要时可以存储在特征曲线族内以便调用。如果超过了所存的容许最大值,则认为截止阀出现功能故障。
作为替代方案,也可以存储截止阀的适当的最大容许开启时间。而且,也可以规定第二压力阈值,从该阈值起,截止阀又将被关闭。也可以想到使截止阀周期性工作。
还可以规定,截止阀的被认为不足的截止作用被存储在故障存储器中。
还可以规定,故障诊断按照固定的时间间隔或在规定的时间后进行。在此情况下,例如也可以规定,只有当在多次故障诊断中确定下来时,截止作用才会被认为不足。
此外,可以规定,在泄漏诊断期间进行其它诊断,尤其是截止阀电气诊断,例如诊断导线断裂或者供电电压短路。通过这样的做法,可以通过简单的方式在末级和组成部件(阀门)之间实现故障区分。
Claims (6)
1.用于诊断在燃料管路(50)中的截止阀(400,500,510)的方法,其中在该燃料管路(50)中的截止阀(400,500,510)设置在至少一个贮罐(100,110)和至少一个喷射阀(700)之间,截止阀(400,500,510)下游的燃料压力被测量,燃料通过喷射阀被喷入燃烧室,为了进行诊断,该截止阀(400,500,510)被关闭,其特征是,确定通过喷射阀喷入的燃料量,并且依据所喷入的燃料量求出下游的预期燃料压力,当截止阀(400,500,510)下游的燃料压力偏离预期燃料压力时,则该截止阀(400,500,510)的截止作用被识别为不足。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征是,当截止阀(400,500,510)下游的燃料压力超过预期燃料压力和/或偏离预期的压力变化曲线时,认定该截止阀(400,500,510)的截止作用不足。
3.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的方法,其特征是,在内燃机关停时,该截止阀(400,500,510)被关闭,并且内燃机将会一直工作,直到故障诊断结束。
4.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的方法,其特征是,在测量燃料管路(50)中的压力时,考虑表征燃料温度的参数。
5.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的方法,其特征是,从压力和温度中求出燃料管路(50)中的燃料量,并且当燃料管路(50)中的燃料量没有对应于所喷入的燃料量地减少时,认定该截止阀(400,500,510)的截止作用不足。
6.燃料供应系统,包括至少一个贮罐(100,110)、喷射阀(700)和截止阀(400,500,510)以及控制装置,其特征是,为了进行该截止阀(400,500,510)的诊断,该控制装置具有执行机构和监测机构,该执行机构如此配置,即为了诊断截止阀(400,500,510),该执行机构关闭该截止阀(400,500,510),该监测机构被设置用于监测截止阀(400,500,510)下游的燃料压力,并且依据通过喷射阀喷入燃烧室的燃料量来求出预期燃料压力,当截止阀(400,500,510)下游的燃料压力超过预期燃料压力时,认定截止阀(400,500,510)的截止作用不足。
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DE102007015783A DE102007015783A1 (de) | 2007-03-30 | 2007-03-30 | Verfahren zur Diagnose eines Absperrventils |
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JP (1) | JP2010521625A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20100014658A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101646892A (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0808027A2 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102007015783A1 (zh) |
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CN107165731A (zh) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-09-15 | 中国第汽车股份有限公司 | 天然气发动机减压器截止阀内漏的检测方法 |
CN109072819A (zh) * | 2016-05-04 | 2018-12-21 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 用于将气态燃料配量给喷射器的装置 |
CN109312674A (zh) * | 2016-06-21 | 2019-02-05 | 斯堪尼亚商用车有限公司 | 确定气罐系统中的阀的正常操作的方法 |
CN112302793A (zh) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-02 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | 截止阀关闭检测方法、装置、电子控制单元以及存储介质 |
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JP5518537B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-18 | 2014-06-11 | 株式会社ケーヒン | 遮断弁故障診断装置 |
JP2013104343A (ja) * | 2011-11-14 | 2013-05-30 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料遮断弁診断装置 |
JP2014118844A (ja) * | 2012-12-13 | 2014-06-30 | Denso Corp | 内燃機関の燃料噴射制御装置 |
DE102014211880A1 (de) | 2014-06-20 | 2015-12-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Kraftstoffzuführungssystem und Verfahren zum Lokalisieren eines Lecks in einem Kraftstoffzuführungssystem |
DE102015215490A1 (de) * | 2015-08-13 | 2017-02-16 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Vorrichtung zur Kraftstoffversorgung, Vorrichtung zur Kraftstoffversorgung und Computerprogrammprodukt |
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WO2023285571A1 (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2023-01-19 | ComAp a.s. | Multi point fuel injection in tri-fuel combustion engines |
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-
2007
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- 2008-02-13 EP EP08708931A patent/EP2132473A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-02-13 WO PCT/EP2008/051707 patent/WO2008119588A1/de active Application Filing
- 2008-02-13 CN CN200880010639A patent/CN101646892A/zh active Pending
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Cited By (5)
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CN109072819A (zh) * | 2016-05-04 | 2018-12-21 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 用于将气态燃料配量给喷射器的装置 |
CN109312674A (zh) * | 2016-06-21 | 2019-02-05 | 斯堪尼亚商用车有限公司 | 确定气罐系统中的阀的正常操作的方法 |
CN107165731A (zh) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-09-15 | 中国第汽车股份有限公司 | 天然气发动机减压器截止阀内漏的检测方法 |
CN107165731B (zh) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-06-07 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 天然气发动机减压器截止阀内漏的检测方法 |
CN112302793A (zh) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-02 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | 截止阀关闭检测方法、装置、电子控制单元以及存储介质 |
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WO2008119588A1 (de) | 2008-10-09 |
EP2132473A1 (de) | 2009-12-16 |
KR20100014658A (ko) | 2010-02-10 |
DE102007015783A1 (de) | 2008-10-02 |
BRPI0808027A2 (pt) | 2014-06-17 |
JP2010521625A (ja) | 2010-06-24 |
RU2009139911A (ru) | 2011-05-10 |
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