CN101627738A - Technology for implementing anti-season tilapia seedling raising by building greenhouse in winter - Google Patents
Technology for implementing anti-season tilapia seedling raising by building greenhouse in winter Download PDFInfo
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- CN101627738A CN101627738A CN200910112405A CN200910112405A CN101627738A CN 101627738 A CN101627738 A CN 101627738A CN 200910112405 A CN200910112405 A CN 200910112405A CN 200910112405 A CN200910112405 A CN 200910112405A CN 101627738 A CN101627738 A CN 101627738A
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- tilapia
- pond
- season
- seedling
- winter
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 241000276707 Tilapia Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000276701 Oreochromis mossambicus Species 0.000 claims description 15
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 210000002149 gonad Anatomy 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a technology for implementing out-of-season tilapia seedling culture by building a greenhouse in winter, belonging to the aquaculture industry. According to the biological characteristics that when the water temperature of the parent fish of the tilapia is below 23 ℃, only the gonad of the bait is eaten and does not develop, and when the water temperature reaches and stabilizes above 23 ℃, the gonad begins to develop, and then spawning and fry hatching can be carried out. The characteristic that the temperature of the fishpond greenhouse can be increased to be more than 23 ℃ in winter is utilized. The greenhouse has good heat preservation performance and can meet the physiological requirements of the growth and development of the tilapia. Along with the rising of the air temperature in the beginning of spring, the water temperature in the greenhouse rises faster and is stabilized at more than 23 ℃. Therefore, the pure fry of the tilapia can be hatched by adopting the out-of-season fry breeding technology. The method for raising the tilapia fries by using the greenhouse indoor temperature control seedling raising technology in winter can ensure that the tilapia fries can emerge 2 months ahead of time, has low greenhouse building cost, convenient management, easy grasp of technology, easy popularization and strong operability, and reduces the culture cost, thereby being an effective way for improving the tilapia culture fine variety coverage rate, increasing the yield and improving the product quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to culture fishery, a kind of specifically anti-season tilapia seedling culture technology implemented by building great pavilion in winter.
Background technology
Tilapia mossambica is the tropical fish, has advantages such as adaptability is strong, feeding habits are wide, disease is few, easy breeding, growth is fast, output is high, meat delicious flavour, is the good breed variety that FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) is recommended to the world.Tilapia mossambica is in the existing nearly 50 years history of the breed of China, and its seed source is complicated, and various in style, germplasm mixes degeneration, and is individual less than normal, poor growth, and the culture-cycle is long.In addition, many breed ground is owing to winter temperature, water temperature are lower, in the open air the Tilapia mossambica parent population that survives the winter naturally of pond all to arrive just can lay eggs, incubate after annual water temperature in May is gone up seedling, fry because of vegetative period short and germplasm degenerate, objective factors such as poor growth, Fan Zhi fry can not be formed the listing of finished product fish then, needs just can bring listing up through after surviving the winter.Therefore, not only increase and culture risk, waste is cultured the pond, is reduced facility utilization rate, goes back resources such as waste feed and water power simultaneously, increases aquaculture cost, influences culture benefit, and then the restriction industry development.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes to utilize in the winter time the booth thermal insulation technology to implement at breeding the quick of Tilapia mossambica, and stable, anti-season of a kind of Tilapia mossambica of safety is handed over seedling growing process.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of anti-season tilapia seedling culture technology implemented by building great pavilion in winter is characterized in that:
One, the construction in fishpond
It is identical to build two structures, parent fish pond not of uniform size and fry pond; 3000～6000 square metres of parent fish ponds, 400～600 square metres in fry pond, dark 1.5 meters of pond.
Described parent fish pond and fry pond are the aquaculture cement pit of modernized standard.
There is rectangle in described parent fish pond and fry pond, square, oval and circular.
Two, the construction of booth
Booth is built into lambdoid, peak is dried up 5 meters, nadir is apart from 0.5 meter of the water surface, lambdoid two respectively offers one 1.5～2 meters ventilating opening.The material of booth has four layers, ground floor with steel wire support (the warp steel wire be 3 meters at interval, the parallel steel wire be 4 meters at interval); The second layer is with the fishnet of 20 * 20CM; Use plastic film for the 3rd layer; The fishnet of the 4th layer of usefulness 20 * 20CM.
Described ventilating opening not only can ventilate but also can be used as personnel's etc. gateway, and the upper end of its each ventilating opening all is equipped with an air exhauster.
Three, temperature control
Utilize known conventional temperature control technology, the temperature that booth is big is controlled at 20～26 ℃, and at the beginning of season to 3 in the beginning of spring month) water temperature continue to reach more than 23 ℃.
Four, feed and grow seedlings
Parent population is put into nursing, and when 23 ℃ water temperatures reach more than 10 days continuously, the parent population of Tilapia mossambica will begin to lay eggs, and incubates seedling, incubates behind the seedling the 7th day, with seedling shift-in fry pond; The water in fry pond, one of four parts is the water of parent fish pond, four parts three be the breed water of drafting, will be with husky star of inferior ether or clean wherein a kind of the carrying out disinfection of water mold before thin rice seedling shift-in fry pond; To sterilize with quaternary ammonium salt iodine in the tenth day with inferior dimension rhzomorph sterilization parasite in the 7th day behind the seedling shift-in; When seedling was cultivated in the fry pond, every day, the small fish material was fed six times; Small fish just can grow to 3 to 5cm through feeding the back in 30 days, just can emerge at this moment.
Husky star of the inferior ether of described usefulness or water need clean, and inferior dimension rhzomorph and quaternary ammonium salt iodine are technique known, and its consumption etc. require to carry out according to products instruction.
The present invention when water temperature below 23 ℃, only eats the agensis of bait sexual gland according to the Tilapia mossambica parent population, and when water temperature reaches and is stabilized in more than 23 ℃, sexual gland germinates, and can lay eggs, and incubates the biological property of seedling.But utilize the characteristics more than the fishpond booth temperature raising and maintaining to 23 ℃ in winter.The booth thermal insulation performance is good, can reach the physiological requirement that Tilapia mossambica grows.Along with temperature rise in the beginning of spring, the interior water temperature of canopy is gone up faster, can go up and be stabilized in more than 23 ℃ at the beginning of general annual 3 months by the end of February.Therefore, adopt the season seeding technology, can hatch the purebred fry of Tilapia mossambica.Concrete enforcement is to finish parent fish pond that two structures equally vary in size by the end of November and the booth in fry pond is put up in every year.It is good that parent fish pond, two fishponds, fry pond are chosen in ventilation, daylighting, draining.Booth is put up structure and is become " people " font, and the booth peak is 5 meters (employing electric poles) apart from the water surface, and minimum point is 05 meter (directly the canopy face is fixed on the bank, and buries with soil) apart from the water surface.After parent fish pond is built up, at the beginning of 12 months, produce the seedling time so early, and synchronously, amount is big, can do sth. in advance about 2 months the time than the conventional open-air seedling method of surviving the winter naturally and emerge.Produce seedling stage to finishing to June by the end of May.Test shows, adopts anti-season hybrid breeding technology, can make the Tilapia mossambica average yield per mu higher by 28.1% than tradition.And individual big, culture 6 monthly average body weight and reach 520 grams, to culture 12 monthly average individualities and weigh more than 720 grams, maximum individuality reaches 1500 grams, and commodity rate (〉=400 gram/cabrage) reaches 100 grams.And 12 months commodity rate of conventional cultivation has only about 78%.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is because the technology of utilizing the indoor temperature control of booth to grow seedlings in the winter time, therefore, can make seeding stage of Tilapia mossambica seedling can do sth. in advance about 2 months the time and emerge, and it is low to build the canopy cost, convenient management, technology is easy to grasp, and is easy to popularize, and is workable, reduce aquaculture cost, can also save culture resources, be to improve Tilapia mossambica to culture the breeding coverage rate, the effective way that increases output and improve the quality of products.Therefore, the present invention can reach intended purposes.
Embodiment
Example 1:
In somewhere, Zhangpu County rural area, Fujian Province, by technical scheme of the present invention finish before in by the end of November, 2008 in the parent fish pond booth put up the back parent population is differentiated select, breeding density, feedstuff feeding, disease control, water temperature control, aerator use, fry is fished for and every matters such as cultivation.Carry out the booth insulation anti-season hybrid breeding technology of surviving the winter in winter.The result be ahead of time more than 2 months the time emerge, Fan Zhi fingerling then, can form the finished product fish then, its culture-cycle is than shortening 4-6 month culturing time (minimizing overwintering period) with survive the winter fingerling or the open-air prime fish breeding finished product fish that survives the winter the parent population breeding naturally.Find out that according to test situation the Tilapia mossambica kind is formed adult fish then, a production cycle (season), can reduce taking the pond time more than 4 months.Form fish then and get final product 100 yuan of calculating of every mu of water surface every month (overwintering period) rent, form fish then and can save the pond occupancy more than 400 yuan, 100 yuan of 350 yuan of overheads, 150 yuan of charges for water and electricity, the losses of overwintering period feed (because of the low food utilization of water temperature in winter low) etc. expense add up to 600 yuan.Adopt anti-season hybrid breeding technology to grow seedlings, the average output value that Tilapia mossambica was cultured 6 months exceeds 13% than the output value of culturing 12 months, and this explanation overwintering period not only takies the water surface, also will reduce administration fee and feed, the economic benefit height.The first half of the year in 2009, more than 1,940 ten thousand tails of growing seedlings.With 100 kilograms of calculating of every mu of average volume increase, (the comparative trial per mu yield exceeds 240 kilograms), can increase by 1000 tons of output 10,000 mu of every year, and the output value is more than 7,000,000 yuan.Also can reduce cost more than 1000 yuan simultaneously, economic benefit and social benefit are very remarkable.Since the invention process, more than 500 ten thousand yuan of annual newly-increased 7 output values.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of anti-season tilapia seedling culture technology implemented by building great pavilion in winter is characterized in that:
One, the construction in fishpond
It is identical to build two structures, parent fish pond not of uniform size and fry pond; 3000 ~ 6000 square metres of parent fish ponds, 400 ~ 600 square metres in fry pond, dark 1.5 meters of pond;
Two, the construction of booth
Booth is built into lambdoid, peak is dried up 5 meters, nadir is apart from 0.5 meter of the water surface, lambdoid two respectively offers one 1.5 ~ 2 meters ventilating opening; The material of booth has four layers, ground floor with steel wire support (the warp steel wire be 3 meters at interval, the parallel steel wire be 4 meters at interval); The second layer is with the fishnet of 20 * 20CM; Use plastic film for the 3rd layer; The fishnet of the 4th layer of usefulness 20 * 20CM;
Three, temperature control
The temperature that booth is big is controlled at 20～26 ℃, and at the beginning of season to 3 in the beginning of spring month) water temperature continue to reach more than 23 ℃;
Four, feed and grow seedlings
Parent population is put into nursing, and when 23 ℃ water temperatures reach more than 10 days continuously, the parent population of Tilapia mossambica will begin to lay eggs, and incubates seedling, incubates behind the seedling the 7th day, with seedling shift-in fry pond; The water in fry pond, one of four parts is the water of parent fish pond, four parts three be the breed water of drafting, will be with husky star of inferior ether or clean wherein a kind of the carrying out disinfection of water mold before thin rice seedling shift-in fry pond; To sterilize with quaternary ammonium salt iodine in the tenth day with inferior dimension rhzomorph sterilization parasite in the 7th day behind the seedling shift-in; When seedling was cultivated in the fry pond, every day, the small fish material was fed six times; Small fish just can grow to 3 to 5cm through feeding the back in 30 days, just can emerge.
2, a kind of anti-season tilapia seedling culture technology implemented by building great pavilion in winter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described ventilating opening, the upper end of its each ventilating opening all are equipped with an air exhauster.
3, a kind of anti-season tilapia seedling culture technology implemented by building great pavilion in winter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described parent fish pond and fry pond are the aquaculture cement pit of modernized standard.
4, a kind of anti-season tilapia seedling culture technology implemented by building great pavilion in winter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: there is rectangle in described parent fish pond and fry pond, square, oval and circular.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910112405A CN101627738A (en) | 2009-08-20 | 2009-08-20 | Technology for implementing anti-season tilapia seedling raising by building greenhouse in winter |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910112405A CN101627738A (en) | 2009-08-20 | 2009-08-20 | Technology for implementing anti-season tilapia seedling raising by building greenhouse in winter |
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| CN101627738A true CN101627738A (en) | 2010-01-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN200910112405A Pending CN101627738A (en) | 2009-08-20 | 2009-08-20 | Technology for implementing anti-season tilapia seedling raising by building greenhouse in winter |
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| CN (1) | CN101627738A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104170776A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-12-03 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Electric heating wire heating method for overwintering heat preservation of tilapia |
| GB2624889A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2024-06-05 | Sutton James | Aquaculture grow-out tilapia fishy |
-
2009
- 2009-08-20 CN CN200910112405A patent/CN101627738A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104170776A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-12-03 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Electric heating wire heating method for overwintering heat preservation of tilapia |
| GB2624889A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2024-06-05 | Sutton James | Aquaculture grow-out tilapia fishy |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20100120 |