CN101624964A - 用于使浮基稳定的设备 - Google Patents

用于使浮基稳定的设备 Download PDF

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CN101624964A
CN101624964A CN200910149967A CN200910149967A CN101624964A CN 101624964 A CN101624964 A CN 101624964A CN 200910149967 A CN200910149967 A CN 200910149967A CN 200910149967 A CN200910149967 A CN 200910149967A CN 101624964 A CN101624964 A CN 101624964A
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mooring cable
floating foundation
attached
cover
foundation
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亨里克·斯蒂斯达尔
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Siemens AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/442—Spar-type semi-submersible structures, i.e. shaped as single slender, e.g. substantially cylindrical or trussed vertical bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/446—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于使浮基(3)稳定的设备，该浮基被设置为承载安装在塔架(2)上的风力涡轮机(1)。浮基(3)由一套系泊绳缆(5)固定。该系泊绳缆(5)的第一端在一定位置(4)处附接到浮基(3)，而系泊绳缆(5)的第二端附接到海底(6)。存在第二套系泊绳缆(17)，而第二套系泊绳缆(17)的第一端在浮基的底端处或附近附接到浮基(3)，而第二套系泊绳缆(17)的第二端也附接到海底。

Description

用于使浮基稳定的设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于使浮基(floating foundation)稳定的设备，该浮基离岸使用以承载风力涡轮机。
背景技术
用于风力涡轮机的浮基可从WO 2006132539A1和WO 2006121337A1中得知，其展示了所谓的“柱形浮标(spar-buoy)”。这种柱形浮标类型通过使用一套系泊绳缆固定在预定位置处。
图3显示了根据已有技术的典型柱形浮标浮基。
风力涡轮机1安装在塔架2上，该塔架被柱形浮标浮基3支承。存在一套系泊绳缆5。系泊绳缆5的第一端在一定位置4处附接到柱形浮基3，而系泊绳缆的第二端附接到锚定件6。
位置4的水平高度(level)在吃水线WL以下。存在平衡配重7，其位于柱形浮标浮基3的下端上，该配重与整个结构的稳定性有关。
这类系泊设备简单且便宜。但是，浮基的稳定性仅依赖于重力，所以在一方面的倾复力矩和另一方面恢复力矩之间建立平衡。
倾复力矩是波浪和风造成的，而恢复力矩是浮基的配重造成的，配重作用在浮基的下端上。
图4参照图3显示了正常柱形浮标浮基的典型运行载荷。
整个结构通常遭受正在发生的倾复力矩。
倾复力矩定义为作用在风力涡轮机1上的风载荷8与力臂9的乘积，该力臂的长度由力中心与系泊绳缆附接件4之间的距离限定。
倾复力矩额外地定义为作用在塔架2上的风载荷10与力臂11的乘积，该力臂的长度由风载荷力中心与系泊绳缆附接件4之间的距离限定。
最后，倾复力矩额外地定义为波浪和水流载荷12乘以力臂13的乘积，该力臂由该力中心与系泊绳缆附接件4之间的距离限定。
恢复力矩是平衡配重7的重力载荷14乘以力臂15，该力臂由重力中心到系泊绳缆附接件4的距离限定。
当倾复力矩与恢复力矩处于平衡时，该结构具有倾斜角度16。
如果恢复力矩为“0”，则浮基本身不会倾斜。任何倾复力矩都会导致浮基倾斜。所以，风力涡轮机的运行受到倾斜的负面影响。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于使浮基稳定的改进设备，以离岸使用。
根据本发明的一种用于使浮基稳定的设备，该浮基被设置为承载安装在塔架上的风力涡轮机。浮基由一套系泊绳缆固定。该系泊绳缆的第一端在一定位置处附接到浮基，而系泊绳缆的第二端附接到海底。存在第二套系泊绳缆，而第二套系泊绳缆的第一端在浮基的底端处或附近附接到浮基。第二套系泊绳缆的第二端也附接到海底。
有利地，用于第一套系泊绳缆的第一端的所述一定位置位于吃水线以下。
有利地，存在平衡配重，其位于浮基的下端上。
有利地，第一套系泊绳缆的第二端通过锚定件附接到海底，且第二套系泊绳缆的第二端通过相同锚定件也附接到海底。
有利地，第一套系泊绳缆和/或第二套系泊绳缆装配有张紧装置，以允许特定套系泊绳缆的相对拉紧的调整。
本发明的设备允许更好地使被设置为承载风力涡轮机的浮基稳定。
本发明的设备是便宜的，并且容易实施，即使是在已经工作的陈旧位置。
附图说明
将通过一些附图的帮助来更详细地描述本发明，其中：
图1显示了根据本发明的柱形浮标浮基，
图2参照图1显示了本发明的柱形浮标浮基的运行载荷。
图3显示了根据已有技术的典型柱形浮标浮基。
图4参照图3显示了正常柱形浮标浮基的典型运行载荷。
具体实施方式
图1显示了根据本发明的柱形浮标浮基。
风力涡轮机1安装在塔架2上，该塔架被柱形浮标浮基3支承。存在一套系泊绳缆5。系泊绳缆5的第一端在一定位置4处附接到柱形浮标浮基3，而系泊绳缆的第二端附接到锚定件6。
位置4的水平高度在吃水线WL以下。存在平衡配重7，其位于柱形浮标浮基3的下端上，该配重与整个结构的稳定性有关。
根据本发明，存在至少另一套系泊绳缆17。该系泊绳缆17的第一端在浮基3的底端处或附近附接到柱形浮标浮基3。优选地，系泊绳缆17的第二端附接到锚定件6。还可以使用另一套锚定件来用于该系泊绳缆17。
在这种情况下，两套系泊绳缆5和17用于使浮基稳定。因此，恢复力矩将是浮基下端的配重带来的第一力矩与系泊绳缆5和17的差值力带来的第二力矩的组合。
图2参照图1显示了本发明的柱形浮标浮基3的典型运行载荷。
整个结构通常受到正在发生的倾复力矩。
倾复力矩定义为作用在风力涡轮机1上的风载荷8与力臂9的乘积，该力臂的长度通过风载荷力中心(wind-load-force-centre)与系泊绳缆附接件4之间的距离来限定。
倾复力矩额外地定义为作用在塔架2上的风载荷10与力臂11的乘积，该力臂的长度通过风载荷力中心与系泊绳缆附接件4之间的距离来限定。
最后，倾复力矩额外地定义为波浪和水流载荷12乘以力臂13的乘积，该力臂通过该力中心和系泊绳缆附接件4之间的距离限定。
恢复力矩是第二系泊绳缆力19的水平分量18乘以力臂20，该力臂从第二套系泊绳缆17的附接点AT到第一套系泊绳缆5的附接点4。
当倾复力矩和恢复力矩平衡时，该结构具有非常小的倾斜角度。
在正常的如图3和4所示的柱形浮标浮基系泊设备中，通常的高负荷情况会导致塔架顶部的大约13m的移位和大于5度的最大倾斜。
根据本发明的柱形浮标浮基的系泊设备，相同的负荷情况将导致塔架顶部的约3m的移位和约1.5度的最大倾斜。所以，本发明的设备带来更高的刚度。
在优选实施例中，第一套系泊绳缆5和/或第二套系泊绳缆17装配有张紧装置，以允许特定套系泊绳缆的相对拉紧的调整。

Claims (5)

1、一种用于使浮基(3)稳定的设备，
其中，浮基(3)被设置为承载安装在塔架(2)上的风力涡轮机(1)，
其中，浮基(3)由一套系泊绳缆(5)固定，
其中，该系泊绳缆(5)的第一端在一定位置(4)处附接到浮基(3)，
其中，系泊绳缆(5)的第二端附接到海底(6)，
其特征是，
存在第二套系泊绳缆(17)，
该第二套系泊绳缆(17)的第一端在浮基的底端处或附近附接到浮基(3)，和
该第二套系泊绳缆(17)的第二端也附接到海底。
2、如权利要求1所述的设备，其特征是，用于第一套系泊绳缆(5)的第一端的所述一定位置(4)位于吃水线(WL)以下。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的设备，其特征是，存在平衡配重(7)，其位于浮基(3)的下端上。
4、如权利要求1到3中的任一项所述的设备，其特征是，
第一套系泊绳缆(5)的第二端通过锚定件(6)附接到海底，和
第二套系泊绳缆(17)的第二端通过相同锚定件(6)也附接到海底。
5、如前述任一权利要求所述的设备，其特征是，第一套系泊绳缆(5)和/或第二套系泊绳缆(17)装配有张紧装置，以允许特定套系泊绳缆的相对拉紧的调整。
CN200910149967A 2008-07-08 2009-06-24 用于使浮基稳定的设备 Pending CN101624964A (zh)

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EP08012310.2 2008-07-08
EP08012310.2A EP2143629B1 (en) 2008-07-08 2008-07-08 Arrangement for stabilization of a floating foundation

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US20100008733A1 (en) 2010-01-14
EP2143629A1 (en) 2010-01-13
EP2143629B1 (en) 2013-04-24

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Application publication date: 20100113