CN101624812A - Method for reducing highway noises by noise reduction forest - Google Patents
Method for reducing highway noises by noise reduction forest Download PDFInfo
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- CN101624812A CN101624812A CN200910183813A CN200910183813A CN101624812A CN 101624812 A CN101624812 A CN 101624812A CN 200910183813 A CN200910183813 A CN 200910183813A CN 200910183813 A CN200910183813 A CN 200910183813A CN 101624812 A CN101624812 A CN 101624812A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for reducing highway noises by a noise reduction forest. A mixed forest belt or a pure forest belt is planted on highway sides of a filling highway section and an excavating highway section to reduce the noises, the mixed forest belt or the pure forest belt is hierarchically planted from low to high along both sides of a highway, wherein broad-leaved trees accounts for 70 percent, and evergreen trees accounts for 30 percent; the mixed forest belt is planted as the noise reduction forest to reduce the noises on the filling highway section, in the mixed forest belt, shrubs, dungarungas and arbors are hierarchically planted from low to high along both sides of the highway, wherein the plating width of the shrubs is 5m-10m, the average planting density is 25strains/m<2>, and the average crown height is 1m; the pure forest belt is planted as the noise reduction forest to reduce the noises on the excavating highway section, wherein evergreen dungarungas are planted in an area near the highway, the plating width of the dungarunga forest belt is 5-10m, the average planting density is 2m*2m, and the average crown height is 2.5m; the arbors are planted on the top end of a side slope, the plating width of the arbor forest belt is 10m-30m, and the average planting density is 5m*5m, the average crown height is 5m; and lawns are planted on a ground cover. The method has obvious noise reduction effect and universality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field that pollution from environmental noise is handled, reduce the method for noise around particularly a kind of speedway.
Background technology
Speedway was developed rapidly in China in recent years, had promoted The development in society and economy to a great extent.But it is when bringing convenience quick traffic to people, and the noise that vehicle produces also has very big influence to daily life.For the improvement of traffic noise, mainly prevent and treat, cut off the route of transmission and started with by three aspects of sound point protection from sound source.Under the little situation of noise reduction aim parameter, it is the method for generally acknowledging most economical material benefit that the development greening brings minimizing ambient atmosphere and noise pollution.
Why greenbelt can reduce noise, is because when sound wave was run into the forest belt, part acoustic energy was absorbed and reflects.Its concrete mode has 3 approach: when (1) incided leaf and trunk surface when sound wave, a part of acoustic energy became the eigentone of leaf and trunk in low-frequency range, and another part acoustic energy is absorbed by leaf and bark; (2) because ground or the reflection of turf and the acoustic attenuation that sound absorption causes; (3) because the sound diffraction that the vertical temperature gradient that the woods form causes.Utilize greenbelt to reduce noise, its effect depends on collocation (forest belt structure), plantation width, height of tree crown, planting density and the season of area, seeds and different seeds, meteorological variation etc.
At present, the structure design that adopts the noise reduction forest belt to reduce highway noises is lacked standardization and unified instruction both at home and abroad, be mostly to design, do not have universality at this area.
Summary of the invention
The structure design that reduces highway noises for the employing noise reduction forest belt that solves the prior art existence lacks standardization and universality, the invention provides a kind of method that adopts noise reduction forest to reduce highway noises, has universality, and it is good to reduce noise result.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of method that adopts noise reduction forest to reduce highway noises, adopt mixed forest belt or pure forest band plantation reduction noise in embankment highway section and roadside, excavation highway section, the low earlier back high score level plantation along the highway both sides, wherein deciduous species account for 70% ratio, and evergreen tree accounts for 30%.Described deciduous species are meaning poplar, fragrant camphor tree.Described evergreen tree is any one in cdear, high bar glossy privet, the sweet osmanthus.Be provided with the view tree belt between described noise reduction forest and the highway.Described landscape tree is crape myrtle, prunus cerasifera, Chinese photinia.
Adopt mixed forest belt plantation noise reduction forest to reduce noise in the embankment highway section, low earlier back high score level plantation shrub, dungarunga, arbor along the highway both sides, shrub plantation width is 5m～10m, average planting density is 25 strains/m
2, average height of tree crown is 1m, and dungarunga plantation width is 5～10m, and average planting density is 2m * 2m, and average height of tree crown is 2.5m, and arbor plantation width is 10m～30m, and average planting density is 5m * 5m, and average height of tree crown is 5m, ground is the lawn.Described shrub be in another name for Sichuan Province Chinese juniper, oleander, pittosporum tobira ball, sweet osmanthus, france mongolicus, the gold leaf glossy privet ball any one, dungarunga be in prunus cerasifera, sweet osmanthus, the pomegranate any one, arbor be in cdear, meaning poplar, high bar glossy privet, the cypress any one or multiple.
Adopt evergreen pure forest band plantation noise reduction forest to reduce noise in the excavation highway section, the evergreen dungarunga of planting near the zone of highway, dungarunga forest belt plantation width is 5～10m, average planting density is 2m * 2m, and average height of tree crown is 2.5m, the megaphanerophyte of planting on the side slope top, megaphanerophyte forest belt plantation width is 10m～30m, average planting density is 5m * 5m, and average height of tree crown is 5m, and ground is the lawn.Described megaphanerophyte be in cdear, meaning poplar, high bar glossy privet, the cypress any one or multiple, dungarunga is any one in prunus cerasifera, sweet osmanthus, the pomegranate.
At present, it is nothing but two kinds of roadbed section and dug ways that speedway is built, and the roadbed section promptly is the embankment highway section, and the highway absolute altitude is higher than the surrounding enviroment absolute altitude; Dug way then is the excavation highway section, and grade elevation is lower than the surrounding environment absolute altitude, and general dug way is many in the mountain area or the hills area.
1. elevated formation level and highway section, gentle slope
Elevated formation level and highway section, gentle slope are the embankment highway section, the road absolute altitude is higher than surrounding enviroment, and sensitive target generally is in the below of sound source, and generally speaking the construction in noise reduction forest belt should be based on high megaphanerophyte in such cases, in isolated gate, carry out the encryption of landscape tree, mainly to encrypt arbor.
Trees necessarily require speed living and tall and big, can surpass depth of fill very soon and form natural cover; The effect of noise control woods can be different because of density and the width of frequency of sound wave, the woods, so the forest belt will plant closely, quite wide, and will select for use shrub and the arbor collocation that tree crown is short, branch is low, be thick with leaves to constitute the noise control forest belt according to soil, and the trees of broad-leaved be bigger than the unit absorption of conifer trees.
2. cutting highway section
The cutting highway section is the excavation highway section, the sensitive target of road both sides generally all is in the top of sound source, and because the sound wave that dug way road both sides side slope stops will be far longer than the sound wave that the forest belt stops, therefore dug way noise reduction forest belt also can be provided with undershrub as the first floor shelter belt based on single evergreen pure forest band at the side slope place.
Beneficial effect:
1, the present invention adopts two kinds of different design schemes, and with the forest belt scheme that works out according to different location, different cities, different high speed merely difference to some extent, the present invention has universality, and the scheme of forest belt design is more, can adapt to the highway section design of multiple complexity.
2, the high stratification plantation of low earlier back is taked along the highway both sides in noise control of the present invention forest belt.Select the several plant miscegenation, so that learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, the 1-2 row dungarunga of nearby can planting in the track, dungarunga is advisable with evergreen broad-leaf plants, and spacing in the rows is unsuitable excessive, and dungarunga plant peak width is not less than 5m.Can plant the megaphanerophyte forest belt beyond the dungarunga, based on evergreen species, the plant spacing in the rows is as the criterion with hat width of cloth size.Suitable multiple trees companion planting makes it form artificial spinney.Dungarunga will be selected the kind that tree crown is short, branch is low, be thick with leaves for use according to soil, arranges in pairs or groups with arbor; Megaphanerophyte necessarily requires speed living and tall and big, can surpass depth of fill very soon and form natural cover.The effect of noise control woods can be different because of the sound amount of penetrating size, so the forest belt will be planted closely knitly, and the trees of broad-leaved are bigger than the unit absorption of conifer trees, the suggestion deciduous species ratio that should be in the great majority.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 embankment highway section schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 excavation highway section schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 embodiment 1 schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 embodiment 2 schematic diagrames.
Fig. 5 embodiment 3 schematic diagrames.
Fig. 6 embodiment 4 schematic diagrames.
Fig. 7 embodiment 5 schematic diagrames.
Fig. 8 embodiment 6 schematic diagrames.
Fig. 9 embodiment 7 schematic diagrames.
Figure 10 embodiment 8 schematic diagrames.
Figure 11 embodiment 9 schematic diagrames.
Figure 12 embodiment 9 plan views.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is elaborated.
A kind of method that adopts noise reduction forest to reduce highway noises, adopt mixed forest belt or pure forest band plantation reduction noise in embankment highway section and roadside, excavation highway section, the low earlier back high score level plantation along the highway both sides, wherein deciduous species account for 70% ratio, and evergreen tree accounts for 30%.Described deciduous species are meaning poplar, fragrant camphor tree.Described evergreen tree is any one in cdear, high bar glossy privet, the sweet osmanthus.Be provided with the view tree belt between described noise reduction forest and the highway.Described landscape tree is crape myrtle, prunus cerasifera, Chinese photinia.
Adopt mixed forest belt plantation noise reduction forest to reduce noise in the embankment highway section, low earlier back high score level plantation shrub, dungarunga, arbor along the highway both sides, shrub plantation width is 5m～10m, average planting density is 25 strains/m
2, average height of tree crown is 1m, and dungarunga plantation width is 5～10m, and average planting density is 2m * 2m, and average height of tree crown is 2.5m, and arbor plantation width is 10m～30m, and average planting density is 5m * 5m, and average height of tree crown is 5m, ground is the lawn.Described shrub be in another name for Sichuan Province Chinese juniper, oleander, pittosporum tobira ball, sweet osmanthus, france mongolicus, the gold leaf glossy privet ball any one, dungarunga be in prunus cerasifera, sweet osmanthus, the pomegranate any one, arbor be in cdear, meaning poplar, high bar glossy privet, the cypress any one or multiple.As shown in Figure 1.
Adopt evergreen pure forest band plantation noise reduction forest to reduce noise in the excavation highway section, the evergreen dungarunga of planting near the zone of highway, dungarunga forest belt plantation width is 5～10m, average planting density is 2m * 2m, and average height of tree crown is 2.5m, the megaphanerophyte of planting on the side slope top, megaphanerophyte forest belt plantation width is 10m～30m, average planting density is 5m * 5m, and average height of tree crown is 5m, and ground is the lawn.Described megaphanerophyte be in cdear, meaning poplar, high bar glossy privet, the cypress any one or multiple, dungarunga is any one in prunus cerasifera, sweet osmanthus, the pomegranate.As shown in Figure 2.
With reference to figure 3, in preceding 10 meters scopes, select another name for Sichuan Province Chinese juniper plantation, another name for Sichuan Province Chinese juniper spacing is 2.5 meters, highly be 1.8 meters-2.4 meters, 5 rows then plant sweet osmanthus and cloves for middle 10 meters altogether, the two kind, spacing is 3 meters, highly is 3-5 rice, and last 10 meters is arborous layer, plant evergreen cdear and meaning poplar, spacing is 5 meters, highly is 5 meters-8 meters, and ground is Bai Sanye.
Embodiment 2
With reference to figure 4, in preceding 10 meters scopes, select the oleander plantation, the oleander spacing is 1.5 meters, highly be 1.2 meters-1.8 meters, 10 rows then plant Chinese photinia and crape myrtle for middle 10 meters altogether, the two kind, spacing is 3 meters, highly is 2.5 meters-3.5 meters, and last 10 meters is arborous layer, plant evergreen glossy privet, spacing is 5 meters, highly is 5 meters-8 meters, and ground is used window box oxalis.Planting density is 49 clumps/square metre.
Embodiment 3
With reference to figure 5, in preceding 10 meters scopes, select the plantation of pittosporum tobira ball, the pittosporum tobira sphere gap is 1.5 meters, highly be 1.2 meters-1.5 meters, 5 rows then plant sweet osmanthus and pomegranate for middle 10 meters altogether, the two kind, spacing are 3 meters, highly are 2.5 meters-3.5 meters, last 10 meters is arborous layer, between plant fragrant camphor tree and meaning poplar, spacing is 5 meters, highly is 5 meters-8 meters, ground is Bai Sanye, and the length in whole forest belt is 100 meters.
Embodiment 4
With reference to figure 6, in preceding 15 meters scopes, select the sweet osmanthus plantation, the sweet osmanthus spacing is 3 meters, 2.0～2.5 meters of heights of seedling, hat 0.8～1.0 meter, back 15 meters then to plant fragrant camphor tree spacing be 5 meters, highly is 5 meters-8 meters, and sylvan life is the green onion orchid, and planting density is 25 clumps/square metre.
With reference to figure 7, in preceding 15 meters scopes, select the france mongolicus plantation, france mongolicus is selected high 1.6～1.7 meters france mongolicus for use, 1 * 1 meter of crown diameter, 1.5 meters of spacings, four assemblies are planted in together, it is very good that the configuration mode of this plant france mongolicus after after a while will form one hedgerow noise control function, back 15 meters forms of then planting plant between fragrant camphor tree and cypress, and spacing is apart from being 5 meters, highly be 5 meters-8 meters, ground is used window box oxalis.Planting density is 49 clumps/square metre.
Embodiment 6
With reference to figure 8, in preceding 15 meters scopes, select the crape myrtle plantation, the crape myrtle spacing is 3 meters, 2.0～2.5 meters of heights of seedling, hat 0.8～1.0 meter is planted fragrant camphor tree and locust tree between then for back 15 meters, and spacing is 5 meters, highly be 5～8 meters, sylvan life is the green onion orchid, and planting density is 25 clumps/square metre.
Embodiment 7
With reference to figure 9,5 meters of the spacing in the rows of plantation another name for Sichuan Province Chinese juniper in preceding 15 meters scopes, 1.6～1.8 meters of heights of seedling, hat 0.6～0.8 meter is planted crape myrtle, gold leaf glossy privet ball, prunus cerasifera, 1.5 meters of crape myrtle heights of seedling between the two strain another name for Sichuan Province Chinese junipers, glossy privet and meaning poplar are planted between then in 15 meters of backs, spacing is 5 meters, highly is 5 meters-8 meters, and ground is used window box oxalis.Planting density is 49 clumps/square metre.
Embodiment 8
With reference to Figure 10, the gentle slope in roadside, road place adopts 6 row oleanders, spacing in the rows 1m, the place, earthen platform of the side slope top high bar glossy privet of 3 rows of planting, spacing in the rows 2m.Oleander is mainly used to intercept the noise of bottom, and high bar glossy privet then mainly stops the noise on the top that reflects.
Embodiment 9
With reference to Figure 11,12, the gentle slope in roadside, road place adopts 6 row's france mongolicus, spacing in the rows 1m, the place, earthen platform of the side slope top 3 row black pines of planting, spacing in the rows 2m.France mongolicus is mainly used to intercept the noise of bottom, and black pine then mainly stops the noise on the top that reflects.
Every kind of scheme of the design all is multi-level mixed forest belt, in the middle of the testing site, selected scheme also is multi-level mixed forest, and no matter this kind collocation mode in height still can both well reach the effect of noise reduction on density, can play expected effect after enforcement.Below be test to the noise reduction at the sensitive target place of embodiment 1～9:
Basic function: utilize greenbelt to reduce noise, its effect depends on area, seeds, plantation width, height of tree crown, branches and leaves density and seasonal variations etc.Between noise source and building, reasonable disposition to form the greenbelt of enough width by evergreen (or the leaf fall period is short) tree and shrubs.Trees are the big Gao Shu of density preferably, and the limb bottom is low, be thick with leaves, and vertical distribution, the height collocation, and plant trees effective than the close object that will protect near the noise source tree planting.Each unit basic function is as follows:
1. dungarunga will be selected the kind that tree crown is short, branch is low, be thick with leaves for use according to soil, arranges in pairs or groups with arbor.
2. megaphanerophyte necessarily requires speed living and tall and big, can surpass depth of fill very soon and form natural cover.
3. guarantee all to have throughout the year noise reduction, must guarantee evergreen species, can select common winter hardy tree specieses such as Chinese photinia, high bar glossy privet, cdear for use than larger proportion; In order to improve the ability of disease and insect resistance, seeds answer diversity, and are in picturesque disorder, form a good ecological community, help also that trees survive and noise reduction, and minimizing administers and maintains; Consider that the forest collocation of colour is reasonable, it is stiff to avoid monotony, and increases color and attractive in appearance.
Claims (9)
1. method that adopts noise reduction forest to reduce highway noises, it is characterized in that, adopt mixed forest belt or pure forest band plantation reduction noise, low earlier back high score level plantation along the highway both sides in embankment highway section and roadside, excavation highway section, wherein deciduous species account for 70% ratio, and evergreen tree accounts for 30%.
2. employing noise reduction forest as claimed in claim 1 reduces the method for highway noises, it is characterized in that, adopt mixed forest belt plantation noise reduction forest to reduce noise in the embankment highway section, low earlier back high score level plantation shrub, dungarunga, arbor along the highway both sides, shrub plantation width is 5m～10m, and average planting density is 25 strains/m
2, average height of tree crown is 1m, and dungarunga plantation width is 5～10m, and average planting density is 2m * 2m, and average height of tree crown is 2.5m, and arbor plantation width is 10m～30m, and average planting density is 5m * 5m, and average height of tree crown is 5m, ground is the lawn.
3. employing noise reduction forest as claimed in claim 2 reduces the method for highway noises, it is characterized in that described shrub be in another name for Sichuan Province Chinese juniper, oleander, pittosporum tobira ball, sweet osmanthus, france mongolicus, the gold leaf glossy privet ball any one, dungarunga be in prunus cerasifera, sweet osmanthus, the pomegranate any one, arbor be in cdear, meaning poplar, high bar glossy privet, the cypress any one or multiple.
4. employing noise reduction forest as claimed in claim 1 reduces the method for highway noises, it is characterized in that, adopt evergreen pure forest band plantation noise reduction forest to reduce noise in the excavation highway section, the evergreen dungarunga of planting near the zone of highway, dungarunga forest belt plantation width is 5～10m, average planting density is 2m * 2m, average height of tree crown is 2.5m, the megaphanerophyte of planting on the side slope top, megaphanerophyte forest belt plantation width is 10m～30m, average planting density is 5m * 5m, and average height of tree crown is 5m, and ground is the lawn.
5. employing noise reduction forest as claimed in claim 4 reduces the method for highway noises, it is characterized in that, described megaphanerophyte be in cdear, meaning poplar, high bar glossy privet, the cypress any one or multiple, dungarunga is any one in prunus cerasifera, sweet osmanthus, the pomegranate.
6. employing noise reduction forest as claimed in claim 1 reduces the method for highway noises, it is characterized in that, described deciduous species are meaning poplar, fragrant camphor tree.
7. employing noise reduction forest as claimed in claim 1 reduces the method for highway noises, it is characterized in that described evergreen tree is any one in cdear, high bar glossy privet, the sweet osmanthus.
8. employing noise reduction forest as claimed in claim 1 reduces the method for highway noises, it is characterized in that, is provided with the view tree belt between described noise reduction forest and the highway.
9. employing noise reduction forest as claimed in claim 8 reduces the method for highway noises, it is characterized in that described landscape tree is crape myrtle, prunus cerasifera, Chinese photinia.
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| CN102616937A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-08-01 | 杜建强 | Ecological wetland buffering system along high-speed rails |
| CN103046491A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-04-17 | 江苏省城市规划设计研究院 | Greening isolation belt for reducing road noise in subtropical area |
| CN103355068A (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2013-10-23 | 苏州园林营造工程有限公司 | Method for using combination of trees and shrubs to improve local microclimate |
| CN103858727A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-18 | 张海丘 | Environment-friendly ground vibration isolation method |
| CN104255387A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-07 | 安徽省林业科学研究院 | Allocation method of belt-shaped three-dimensional mixed noise reducing type urban forest |
| CN106069536A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-11-09 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of Urban Parks entrance plant vertical stratification method of construction |
| CN107513949A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2017-12-26 | 苏州大学 | A kind of railway sound insulation and noise reduction structure and preparation method thereof |
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| PT101125A (en) * | 1992-12-11 | 1994-06-30 | Carlos Joaquim Costa Martins D | Anti-noise curves |
| CN1163040A (en) * | 1997-04-16 | 1997-10-29 | 陈永明 | Measure and implementing scheme for desert transformation |
| CN2373480Y (en) * | 1999-02-15 | 2000-04-12 | 陈衍峰 | Traffic safety protective screen with anti-pollution and greening for urban road |
| FR2872381B1 (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2007-12-07 | Canevaflor Soc Par Actions Sim | STRUCTURE FOR VEGETABLE WALL |
| CN201217783Y (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2009-04-08 | 段连彬 | Glass fiber reinforced plastic sound barrier board |
| CN201155087Y (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2008-11-26 | 宜昌汇中环境工程有限责任公司 | Ecological acoustical barrier structure |
| KR100832464B1 (en) * | 2008-01-16 | 2008-05-29 | (주) 경화엔지니어링 | Sound proof wall structure greening a road and housing complex |
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| CN102616937A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-08-01 | 杜建强 | Ecological wetland buffering system along high-speed rails |
| CN103355068A (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2013-10-23 | 苏州园林营造工程有限公司 | Method for using combination of trees and shrubs to improve local microclimate |
| CN103046491A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-04-17 | 江苏省城市规划设计研究院 | Greening isolation belt for reducing road noise in subtropical area |
| CN103046491B (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2015-02-25 | 江苏省城市规划设计研究院 | Greening isolation belt for reducing road noise in subtropical area |
| CN103858727A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-18 | 张海丘 | Environment-friendly ground vibration isolation method |
| CN103858727B (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2016-07-13 | 张海丘 | A kind of ground vibration vibration isolating method of environmental protection |
| CN104255387A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-07 | 安徽省林业科学研究院 | Allocation method of belt-shaped three-dimensional mixed noise reducing type urban forest |
| CN106069536A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-11-09 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of Urban Parks entrance plant vertical stratification method of construction |
| CN106069536B (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2019-05-17 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of Urban Parks's entrance plant vertical structure method of construction |
| CN107513949A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2017-12-26 | 苏州大学 | A kind of railway sound insulation and noise reduction structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN108812000A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-11-16 | 江苏江达生态环境科技有限公司 | A kind of greenbelt for residential area noise reduction |
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