CN101595950A - The processing method of black carp buoyancy expanding compound feed - Google Patents
The processing method of black carp buoyancy expanding compound feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN101595950A CN101595950A CNA2009100993028A CN200910099302A CN101595950A CN 101595950 A CN101595950 A CN 101595950A CN A2009100993028 A CNA2009100993028 A CN A2009100993028A CN 200910099302 A CN200910099302 A CN 200910099302A CN 101595950 A CN101595950 A CN 101595950A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of processing method of black carp buoyancy expanding compound feed, comprise successively the bulk raw material coarse crushing, for the first time raw material mix, ultramicro grinding, for the second time raw material mix, steps such as modified, oven dry, cooling.Black carp buoyancy expanding feed of the present invention preparation is simple, comprehensive nutrition is balanced, digestibility is high, is easy to management, prevention from suffering from the diseases is good, water stability is good, feed waste and water pollution are few.Use product of the present invention, feed coefficient is low, the black carp fast growth, and forming specification is neat, and the culture-cycle is short.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to carp compound feed and manufacture field thereof, be specifically related to a kind of processing method of black carp buoyancy expanding compound feed.
[background technology]
Black carp has another name called spiral shell green grass or young crops, blue or green grass carp, black carp, blue or green root fish etc., belongs to Cypriniformes Cyprinidae, graining subfamily.Black carp is one of four large Chinese carps of China's tradition breed, has the advantages that growth is fast, output is high, meat flavour is delicious, is the breed object that is loved by the people.Black carp is cultured the most of area that has spreaded all over China at present, is one of principal item of China's fresh water aquaculture.Black carp is higher to the demand of feed nutrition, and the feeding quality height has direct influence to the black carp growth.Someone at the nutritional need of black carp growth and feed formula (for example: Chinese patent CN1692796A) study.In the black carp breeding process, the raiser mainly uses the hard pellet diet of common granulator compacting at present, but its poor stability of hard pellet diet; scatter ratio, scatter and disappear ratio in water is very high; feed waste is big, and the severe contamination breeding water body is not suitable for high density and large-scale cultivation black carp.Press for the novel mixed feed that can satisfy the black carp healthy growth and can preserve the ecological environment again.
[summary of the invention]
Purpose of the present invention solves the problems of the prior art exactly, propose a kind of processing method of black carp buoyancy expanding compound feed, preparation is simple, comprehensive nutrition is balanced, digestibility is high, and is strong at water stability, convenient management can reduce in the breeding process pollution to water quality.
For achieving the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of processing method of black carp buoyancy expanding compound feed, may further comprise the steps successively:
1. according to the nutrient formulation of black carp, with needed fish meal, dregs of beans, dephenolize cottonseed kernel protein, cotton dregs, the dish dregs of rice, DDGS, wheat, corn bulk raw material through the hammer crusher coarse crushing;
2. be that the calcium dihydrogen phosphate of the corn of wheat, 5-10% of inferior powder, 7-20% of DDGS, 7-20% of blood meal, 5-15% of the dish dregs of rice, the 1-3% of cotton dregs, the 8-12% of dephenolize cottonseed kernel protein, the 8-12% of dregs of beans, the 10-15% of fish meal, the 5-15% of 5-15% and 1-2% carries out first time raw material and mixes with mass percent;
3. raw mix is further pulverized with micronizer, made all the components pass through 50-60 purpose screen cloth;
4. the raw material of the trace mineral supplement of the allicin of compound vitamin 0.1-0.3%, compound many ore deposits 0.5-1.5%, 50% Choline Chloride 0.2-0.4%, 0.01-0.03%, immunopotentiator 0.05-0.10% and ultramicro grinding being put into feed mixing machine carries out second time raw material and mixes;
5. material is sent into the secondary quality-adjusting device through feeding machine, add entry, feed steam and carry out modified;
6. will send into extruder through modified material, it is expanded under the effect of the extruding of screw rod and machine barrel, shearing material to be extruded nib, cuts into graininess through cutting knife;
7. be transported to double-deck dryer through the feed granules behind the extrusion, under 95-115 ℃ of condition, dry;
8. reduce to 60-65 ℃ through dried product when temperature, spray on the product of particle by the soybean oil of grease paint finishing with 1-3%;
9. with the particle behind the interpolation grease, enter cooler and cool off near after the room temperature, pack, product moisture is controlled at below 10%.
As preferably, described compound vitamin is the mixture of vitamin and carrier, and carrier adopts corn protein powder, and contains in every 1000g compound vitamin: vitamin A: 200-300 ten thousand IU, vitamin D
3: 50-100 ten thousand IU, vitamin E: 2-3 ten thousand IU, vitamin K
3: 2-3g, Cobastab
1: 4-5g, Cobastab
2: 4-6g, Cobastab
6: 8-12g, Cobastab
12: 50-100mg, folic acid: 2-3g, biotin: 150-300mg, nicotinic acid: 10-20g, pantothenic acid: 10-15g, vitamin C ester: 80-100g, inositol: 100-150g.
As preferably, described compound many ore deposits are mixtures of trace element and carrier, carrier adopts zeolite, and contains in the compound many ore deposits of every 1000g: iron: 10000-20000mg, manganese: 2000-4000mg, copper: 300-600mg, zinc: 10000-15000mg, cobalt: 10-20mg, iodine: 50-100mg, selenium: 10-50mg, magnesium: 15000-30000mg.
As preferably, described immunopotentiator is a saccharicter-penin.
As preferably, step 5. in refining temperature be 85 ℃-95 ℃, modified good material moisture is 19%-23%.
As preferably, step go out in 6. the extruder material temperature at 100 ℃-115 ℃, the moisture of material at 20%-25%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: buoyancy expanding compound feed of the present invention can replace present grit mixed feed fully, is used for the large-scale cultivation of black carp.Its advantage is: 1, efficiency of feed utilization height.Will be because of expanded material through just producing than higher processing temperature of pellet and longer curing time, so its amount of cure is better, thereby curing degree reaches the digestive utilization ratio of 90% raising feed.2, be easy to management.The expanded material of swimming can swim on the water surface for a long time, is convenient to observe the situation of searching for food and the control feeding volume of black carp, can be reduced to zero in artificial waste.3, prevention from suffering from the diseases is good.Harmful bacterias such as Escherichia coli, mould, Sha Shi bacillus are thoroughly killed through high temperature, high pressure in puffing process in the material, reduce the infection of the intestines problem of black carp, can reduce the generation of disease.4, have stability good in the water, lasting anti-bubble is not easy to loose in water.The buoyancy expanding compound feed flotation time of the present invention generally more than 12h and not defeated and dispersed, effectively reduce feed scatter and disappear and to the pollution of breeding water body.5, reduce the feed cost of culturing.Extruding-puffing technique can change the structure that is not absorbed composition in the feed, and it can be digested and assimilated, and eliminates the ANFs and the noxious material of raw material, can use more widely cheap, the vegetable protein consumption of steady sources.6, use product of the present invention, feed coefficient is low, the black carp fast growth, and forming specification is neat, and the culture-cycle is short.
Feature of the present invention and advantage will be elaborated by embodiment.
[specific embodiment]
Embodiment one:
1, according to the nutrient formulation of black carp, with bulk raw materials such as needed fish meal, dregs of beans, dephenolize cottonseed kernel protein, cotton dregs, the dish dregs of rice, DDGS, wheat, corns through the hammer crusher coarse crushing.Wherein, DDGS (DistillersDried Grains with Solubles corn distiller's dried grain) uses in the process of Maize Production alcohol, behind microbial fermentation, through the high protein feed of distillation, evaporation, the formation of dry back, this feed not only contains rich in protein, and contains rich in amino acid, vitamin and help the several mineral materials of growth of animal, do not contain ANFs, contain a large amount of vitamin and mineral matter, can promote Production of Livestock and Poultry, strengthen immunity.Be fit to keep fowls, domestic animal, milk cow, aquatic products and various animal.
2, be that the calcium dihydrogen phosphate of 15% fish meal, 15% dregs of beans, 11% dephenolize cottonseed kernel protein, 8% cotton dregs, 8% the dish dregs of rice, 3% blood meal, 6% DDGS, 16% inferior powder, 7.3% wheat, 5% corn and 1.5% carries out first time raw material and mixes with mass percent.
3, raw mix is further pulverized with micronizer, made all the components 95% by 60 purpose screen clothes.
4, the raw material of trace mineral supplements such as the allicin of the Choline Chloride 0.3%, 0.02% in compound vitamin 0.3%, compound many ore deposits 1.0%, 50%, immunopotentiator 0.08% and ultramicro grinding being put into feed mixing machine carries out second time raw material and mixes.Described compound vitamin is the mixture of vitamin and carrier, and carrier adopts corn protein powder, and contains in every 1000g compound vitamin: vitamin A: 200-300 ten thousand IU, vitamin D
3: 50-100 ten thousand IU, vitamin E: 2-3 ten thousand IU, vitamin K
3: 2-3g, Cobastab
1: 4-5g, Cobastab
2: 4-6g, Cobastab
6: 8-12g, Cobastab
12: 50-100mg, folic acid: 2-3g, biotin: 150-300mg, nicotinic acid: 10-20g, pantothenic acid: 10-15g, vitamin C ester: 80-100g, inositol: 100-150g; Described compound many ore deposits are mixtures of trace element and carrier, carrier adopts zeolite, and every 1000g contains in compound many ore deposits: iron: 10000-20000mg, manganese: 2000-4000mg, copper: 300-600mg, zinc: 10000-15000mg, cobalt: 10-20mg, iodine: 50-100mg, selenium: 10-50mg, magnesium: 15000-30000mg; Described immunopotentiator is a saccharicter-penin.
5, material is sent into the secondary quality-adjusting device through feeding machine, add entry, feeding steam carries out modified, 88 ℃ of refining temperatures, modified good material moisture 20.2%.
6, will send into extruder through modified material, it is expanded under the effect of the extruding of screw rod and machine barrel, shearing material to be extruded nib, cuts into graininess through cutting knife.Go out the extruder material temperature at 105 ℃, the moisture of material 21.6%.
7, be transported to double-deck dryer through the feed granules behind the extrusion, under 98 ℃ of conditions, dry.
8, reduce to 60 ℃ through dried product when temperature, 2.5% soybean oil is sprayed on the product of particle by the grease paint finishing.
9, with the particle behind the interpolation grease, enter cooler and cool off, pack near after the room temperature.
The black carp juvenile fish buoyancy expanding compound feed moisture of this production is 9.2%, and water resisting time surpasses 12h.
Embodiment two:
1, according to the nutrient formulation of black carp, with bulk raw materials such as needed fish meal, dregs of beans, dephenolize cottonseed kernel protein, cotton dregs, the dish dregs of rice, DDGS, wheat, corns through the hammer crusher coarse crushing.
2, be that the calcium dihydrogen phosphate of 10% fish meal, 9% dregs of beans, 15% dephenolize cottonseed kernel protein, 10% cotton dregs, 10% the dish dregs of rice, 2% blood meal, 9% DDGS, 10% inferior powder, 12.85% wheat, 7% corn and 1.5% carries out first time raw material and mixes with mass percent.
3, raw mix is further pulverized with micronizer, made all the components 80% by 60 purpose screen clothes
4, the raw material of trace mineral supplements such as the allicin of the Choline Chloride 0.3%, 0.02% in compound vitamin 0.25%, compound many ore deposits 1.0%, 50%, immunopotentiator 0.08% and ultramicro grinding being put into feed mixing machine carries out second time raw material and mixes.
5, material is sent into the secondary quality-adjusting device through feeding machine, add entry, feeding steam carries out modified, 90 ℃ of refining temperatures, modified good material moisture 21.4%.
6, will send into extruder through modified material, it is expanded under the effect of the extruding of screw rod and machine barrel, shearing material to be extruded nib, cuts into graininess through cutting knife.Go out the extruder material temperature at 109 ℃, the moisture of material 22.8%.
7, be transported to double-deck dryer through the feed granules behind the extrusion, under 105 ℃ of conditions, dry.
8, reduce to 60 ℃ through dried product when temperature, 2% soybean oil is sprayed on the product of particle by the grease paint finishing.
9, with the particle behind the interpolation grease, enter cooler and cool off, pack near after the room temperature.
The black carp juvenile fish buoyancy expanding compound feed moisture of this production is 8.7%, and water resisting time surpasses 12h.
Embodiment three:
1, according to the nutrient formulation of black carp, with bulk raw materials such as needed fish meal, dregs of beans, dephenolize cottonseed kernel protein, cotton dregs, the dish dregs of rice, DDGS, wheat, corns through the hammer crusher coarse crushing.
2, be that the calcium dihydrogen phosphate of 6% fish meal, 6% dregs of beans, 13% dephenolize cottonseed kernel protein, 12% cotton dregs, 12% the dish dregs of rice, 1% blood meal, 12% DDGS, 7% inferior powder, 15% wheat, 10% corn and 2% carries out first time raw material and mixes with mass percent.
3, raw mix is further pulverized with micronizer, made all the components 95% by 50 purpose screen clothes
4, the raw material of trace mineral supplements such as the allicin of the Choline Chloride 0.3%, 0.02% in compound vitamin 0.2%, compound many ore deposits 1.0%, 50%, immunopotentiator 0.08% and ultramicro grinding being put into feed mixing machine carries out second time raw material and mixes.
5, material is sent into the secondary quality-adjusting device through feeding machine, add entry, feeding steam carries out modified, 92 ℃ of refining temperatures, modified good material moisture 22.2%.
6, will send into extruder through modified material, it is expanded under the effect of the extruding of screw rod and machine barrel, shearing material to be extruded nib, cuts into graininess through cutting knife.Go out the extruder material temperature at 109 ℃, the moisture of material 24.3%.
7, be transported to double-deck dryer through the feed granules behind the extrusion, under 110 ℃ of conditions, dry.
8, reduce to 60 ℃ through dried product when temperature, 2.4% soybean oil is sprayed on the product of particle by the grease paint finishing.
9, with the particle behind the interpolation grease, enter cooler and cool off, pack near after the room temperature.The black carp juvenile fish buoyancy expanding compound feed moisture of this production is 8.1%, and water resisting time surpasses 12h.
According to product in Zhejiang, the application of culturing practice of areas such as Jiangsu and Anhui shows, black carp buoyancy expanding compound feed feed coefficient of the present invention is not higher than 1.2, compare with the plain particles feed that market exists, feed efficiency improves 20-32%, survival rate improves 15-20%, and feed cost reduces 18-25%, and residual bait rate reduces more than 25%, forms effect and environment protecting is remarkable.
The foregoing description is to explanation of the present invention, is not limitation of the invention, any scheme after the simple transformation of the present invention is all belonged to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the processing method of black carp buoyancy expanding compound feed is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps successively:
1. according to the nutrient formulation of black carp, with needed fish meal, dregs of beans, dephenolize cottonseed kernel protein, cotton dregs, the dish dregs of rice, DDGS, wheat, corn bulk raw material through the hammer crusher coarse crushing;
2. be that the calcium dihydrogen phosphate of the corn of wheat, 5-10% of inferior powder, 7-20% of DDGS, 7-20% of blood meal, 5-15% of the dish dregs of rice, the 1-3% of cotton dregs, the 8-12% of dephenolize cottonseed kernel protein, the 8-12% of dregs of beans, the 10-15% of fish meal, the 5-15% of 5-15% and 1-2% carries out first time raw material and mixes with mass percent;
3. raw mix is further pulverized with micronizer, made all the components pass through 50-60 purpose screen cloth;
4. the raw material of the trace mineral supplement of the allicin of compound vitamin 0.1-0.3%, compound many ore deposits 0.5-1.5%, 50% Choline Chloride 0.2-0.4%, 0.01-0.03%, immunopotentiator 0.05-0.10% and ultramicro grinding being put into feed mixing machine carries out second time raw material and mixes;
5. material is sent into the secondary quality-adjusting device through feeding machine, add entry, feed steam and carry out modified;
6. will send into extruder through modified material, it is expanded under the effect of the extruding of screw rod and machine barrel, shearing material to be extruded nib, cuts into graininess through cutting knife;
7. be transported to double-deck dryer through the feed granules behind the extrusion, under 95-115 ℃ of condition, dry;
8. reduce to 60-65 ℃ through dried product when temperature, spray on the product of particle by the soybean oil of grease paint finishing with 1-3%;
9. with the particle behind the interpolation grease, enter cooler and cool off near after the room temperature, pack, product moisture is controlled at below 10%.
2. the processing method of black carp buoyancy expanding compound feed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described compound vitamin is the mixture of vitamin and carrier, carrier adopts corn protein powder, and contains in every 1000g compound vitamin: vitamin A: 200-300 ten thousand IU, vitamin D
3: 50-100 ten thousand IU, vitamin E: 2-3 ten thousand IU, vitamin K
3: 2-3g, Cobastab
1: 4-5g, Cobastab
2: 4-6g, Cobastab
6: 8-12g, Cobastab
12: 50-100mg, folic acid: 2-3g, biotin: 150-300mg, nicotinic acid: 10-20g, pantothenic acid: 10-15g, vitamin C ester: 80-100g, inositol: 100-150g.
3. the processing method of black carp buoyancy expanding compound feed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described compound many ore deposits are mixtures of trace element and carrier, carrier adopts zeolite, and contains in the compound many ore deposits of every 1000g: iron: 10000-20000mg, manganese: 2000-4000mg, copper: 300-600mg, zinc: 10000-15000mg, cobalt: 10-20mg, iodine: 50-100mg, selenium: 10-50mg, magnesium: 15000-30000mg.
4. the processing method of black carp buoyancy expanding compound feed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described immunopotentiator is a saccharicter-penin.
5. the processing method of black carp buoyancy expanding compound feed as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: step 5. in refining temperature be 85 ℃-95 ℃, modified good material moisture is 19%-23%.
6. the processing method of black carp buoyancy expanding compound feed as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: step go out in 6. the extruder material temperature at 100 ℃-115 ℃, the moisture of material at 20%-25%.
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| CN102771671A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2012-11-14 | 湖州师范学院 | Efficient environment-friendly black carp extrusion compound feed and production method thereof |
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| CN104782980A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-07-22 | 安徽天邦饲料科技有限公司 | Intestine-protecting non-tolerant efficient puffing granular compound herring feed and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104957418A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-10-07 | 通威股份有限公司 | Cyprinus carpio overwintering compound pellet feed |
| CN105639208A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-06-08 | 岳阳市新宏饲料有限公司 | Grass carp expanded pellet compound feed |
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| CN108041347A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-18 | 湖州师范学院 | A kind of immunity enhancement type grass carp expanded pellet feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN108713659A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-10-30 | 岳阳市新宏饲料有限公司 | A kind of perch puffing granule compound feed and its production method |
| CN113040294A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-06-29 | 通威股份有限公司特种饲料分公司 | Preparation method of crayfish sinking material |
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