CN101584419B - Complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds - Google Patents
Complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN101584419B CN101584419B CN2009100996933A CN200910099693A CN101584419B CN 101584419 B CN101584419 B CN 101584419B CN 2009100996933 A CN2009100996933 A CN 2009100996933A CN 200910099693 A CN200910099693 A CN 200910099693A CN 101584419 B CN101584419 B CN 101584419B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds; the complex enzyme preparation is prepared by solving five monomeric enzymes such as neutral protease, cellulose, amylase, lipase and phytase into a water solution containing composite stabilizer; wherein, the neutral protease is 1000-3000 IU/g; the cellulose is 8000-16000 IU/g; the amylase is 5000-20000 IU/g; thelipase is 10-30 IU/g; the phytase is 500-800 IU/g. Adding 500-1000 g/t of the complex enzyme preparation of the invention on the basis of perfect compound feeds of Eriocheir sinensis, mud crab, blue crab can obviously improve the rate of live weight growth, yields of crabs and the efficiency of the feeds, and reduce excretion of ammonian and phosphorus, alleviate the eutrophication degree of the aquaculture water, and prevent the infections disorders and improve the survival rate; the invention is a safe green feed additive without pollution nuisances and residuals.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of feed additive technology, be specifically related to a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds.
Background technology
Chinese people foodstuff for the people crab has history remote, can be edible in the crab class mainly contain Portunus trituberculatus Miers, off-lying sea swimming crab, mud crab and Eriocheir sinensis etc.Crab contains nutrition such as rich in protein, trace element, and health is had good tonic effect.Recent study finds that crab also has the effect of resistive connection nuclear, and eating crab has help greatly to rehabilitation lungy.The traditional Chinese medical science think crab have clearing heat and detoxicating, mend bone and add the effect that marrow, nourishing the muscle and tendon were invigorated blood circulation, stimulated the menstrual flow network, sharp podomere, continuous exhausted wound, nourishing liver the moon, fill gastric juice.For diseases such as extravasated blood, damage, jaundice, waist and leg ache and rheumatic arthritis certain food therapy effect is arranged.Because crab class economic worth is higher, China's crayfish culture already develops rapidly, and the also increase rapidly of demand to high-quality feed only depends on the natural baits such as living clam, wild fishes of feeding can not satisfy the needs that crayfish culture already develops rapidly; Simultaneously, the bait such as ice fresh fish, shrimp of feeding in a large number also can cause the breeding water body eutrophication, and then cause infectious disease to take place.In recent years, succeed in developing, and obtained better economic benefits at the mixed feed of Eriocheir sinensis, mud crab and Portunus trituberculatus Miers.
Enzyme is the protein with special catalytic capability that living cells produces, and it extensively is present in the various organisms, participates in body and various biochemical reaction.The later stage 1980s, begin to be extensive use of feed enzyme abroad, some feed enzyme products of the nineties U.S., Finland successively enter Chinese market, from then on China begins the research and the application of feed enzyme, fodder enzyme preparation is very general in the livestock and poultry breeding industry application at present, and culture fishery also has some to use the report of enzyme preparations.Feed enzyme preparation can improve the nutritional labeling digestibility, saves feed resource, prevents the environmental pollution that animal farming industry causes, and also can prevent the generation of Animal diseases simultaneously to a certain extent.RodehIUtscord et al (1995) is with the feedstuff feeding rainbow trout of adding phytase, and the result is when 15 ℃ of water temperatures, and the utilization rate of phosphorus brings up to 49% from 17%.Schafer et al (1995) discovers and adds phytase in the carp feed, significantly improves the fish body weight gains, and excrement phosphorus excretion reduces by 28%.Complex enzyme formulation is added in the feed of Tilapia mossambica, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, soft-shelled turtle, Pengzhe fish and crucian, make the Tilapia mossambica weightening finish improve 10.3%, feed coefficient reduces by 13%, the Macrobrachium rosenbergii weightening finish improves 48%, the soft-shelled turtle weightening finish improves 15.7%, feed coefficient reduces by 12.5%, significantly improves growth (Tang Wenwu, 1996 of Pengzhe fish and crucian; Li Qicai, 1997; Zhou Siquan etc., 2000; Chen Yinghua, 2001; Zhou Xinghua, 2000).The research of Zhou Keyong (2001) thinks that the probiotic addition that the carp growth performance reaches optimum level to be needed is 0.57-0.69%, and enzyme preparation is 0.15-0.18%.Although more existing at the research application report in the enzyme preparation aquatic animal feed, still do not have report at the feed complex enzyme preparation of cultivated crabs class.
Therefore, the urgent need development is a kind of obviously to improve the digestibility of crab class to protein, cellulose, starch, fat and phytate phosphorus, improve energy utilization ratio, reduce feed waste, and can significantly reduce the excretion of crayfish culture water body nitrogen, phosphorus, alleviate the breeding water body eutrophication, improve water body environment, the generation of prevention crab class disease improves survival rate, the complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds with fairly obvious economic benefit and social benefit.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, provide a kind of and can obviously improve the digestibility of crab class protein, cellulose, starch, fat and phytate phosphorus, improve energy utilization ratio, reduce feed waste, and can significantly reduce the excretion of crab class nitrogen, phosphorus, and alleviate the breeding water body eutrophication, improve water body environment, the generation of prevention crab class disease, the complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds of raising survival rate.
In order to address the above problem, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds: it contains five kinds of single enzymes such as neutral proteinase, cellulase, amylase, lipase, phytase, five kinds of single enzymes are joined in proportion are mixed with liquid complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds of the present invention in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, make that various single enzyme enzymes are lived as follows in this complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds:
1) enzymatic activity of neutral proteinase is 1000～3000IU/g;
2) enzymatic activity of cellulase is 8000～16000IU/g;
3) diastatic enzymatic activity is 5000～20000IU/g;
4) enzymatic activity of lipase is 10～30IU/g;
5) enzymatic activity of phytase is 500～800IU/g.
The aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer that the present invention is above-mentioned is that to contain 1.5g/L sorbierite, 0.5g/L sucrose, 0.15g/L sodium chloride, 5g/L potassium sorbate and percent by volume be the aqueous solution of 10% glycerine, the adding of sorbierite, sucrose, sodium chloride, potassium sorbate and glycerine is in order to guarantee the complex enzyme vigor.
Crab formula feeds sprays to the feed granules surface with complex enzyme formulation of the present invention, to avoid inactivation after granulating; Normal temperature was preserved after 6 months, and the enzyme of this complex enzyme formulation is lived in losing and is no more than 20%; By perfect compound feed, its addition is 500～1000 gram/tons.
Advantage of the present invention: the present invention is from the character of the digestive physiological characteristics and the commercial enzyme of crab class, utilization nutrition and biochemical method, single enzymes such as neutral proteinase, cellulase, amylase, lipase and phytase by reasonable compatibility, have been developed a kind of crab class feed complex enzyme preparation special.Use feed addictive of the present invention and can obviously improve the digestibility of crab class protein, cellulose, starch, fat and phytate phosphorus, improve energy utilization ratio, reduce feed waste, and can significantly reduce the excretion of crayfish culture water body nitrogen, phosphorus, alleviate the breeding water body eutrophication, improve water body environment, the generation of prevention crab class disease, improve survival rate, have fairly obvious economic benefit and social benefit.Through multinomial feeding experiment and lab analysis, this complex enzyme formulation safety, efficient, nuisanceless, Eriocheir sinensis, mud crab and the Portunus trituberculatus Miers of using this enzyme preparation breed meet the food hygiene requirement fully.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is done to describe in further detail, but the present invention not only is confined to following examples.
Four kinds of single enzymes such as the neutral proteinase that complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds of the present invention uses, amylase, cellulase, lipase are to be provided by letter Co., Ltd of Denmark Novi, and wherein the activity of neutral proteinase is that the active 100000IU/g of 120000IU/g, cellulase, diastatic activity are that the activity of 80000IU/g, lipase is 2500IU/g; Phytase is provided by Denmark Danisco A/S BJ Rep Office, and it is active to be 5000IU/g (the single enzyme that adopts among the following embodiment of the present invention is five kinds of single enzymes of above-mentioned purchase).
Above-mentioned five kinds of single enzymes proportionally are dissolved in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, and containing 1.5g/L sorbierite, 0.5g/L sucrose, 0.15g/L sodium chloride, 5g/L potassium sorbate and percent by volume in this compound stabilizer is 10% glycerine.Crab formula feeds sprays to the feed granules surface with complex enzyme formulation of the present invention, to avoid inactivation after granulating.Normal temperature was preserved after 6 months, and the enzyme of this complex enzyme formulation is lived in losing and is no more than 20%.By perfect compound feed, its addition is 500～1000 gram/tons.
Embodiment 1:
Press in the complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 1000IU/g, cellulase 8000IU/g, amylase 20000IU/g, lipase 10IU/g, phytase 800IU/g, five kinds of enzymes are composite, be dissolved in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, mix, be prepared into a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds of the present invention.
Layoutprocedure is as follows: with configuration 1000g complex enzyme formulation is example: the quality that neutral proteinase, cellulase, amylase, lipase, five kinds of single enzymes of phytase add is made as x
1, x
2, x
3, x
4, x
5, 120000IU/g * x then
1=1000IU/g * 1000g; 100000IU/g * x
2=8000IU/g * 1000g; 80000IU/g * x
3=20000IU/g * 1000g; 2500IU/g * x
4=10IU/g * 1000g; 5000IU/g * x
5=800IU/g * 1000g; Obtain x
1=25/3g ≈ 8.3g; x
2=80g; x
3=250g, x
4=4g, x
5=160g then takes by weighing again and contains the aqueous solution 1000-(x that 1.5g/L sorbierite, 0.5g/L sucrose, 0.15g/L sodium chloride, 5g/L potassium sorbate and percent by volume are the compound stabilizer of 10% glycerine
1+ x
2+ x
3+ x
4+ x
5)=497.7g, above-mentioned five kinds of single enzymes are dissolved in this aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, mix, be prepared into complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds of the present invention (collocation method of the complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds of the embodiment of the invention 2～18 also together).
Embodiment 2:
Press in the complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 1000IU/g, cellulase 10000IU/g, amylase 18000IU/g, lipase 15IU/g, phytase 800IU/g, five kinds of enzymes are composite, be dissolved in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, mix, be prepared into a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds.
Embodiment 3:
Press in the complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 1000IU/g, cellulase 12000IU/g, amylase 15000IU/g, lipase 20IU/g, phytase 800IU/g, five kinds of enzymes are composite, be dissolved in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, mix, be prepared into a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds.
Embodiment 4:
Press in the complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 1000IU/g, cellulase 14000IU/g, amylase 10000IU/g, lipase 25IU/g, phytase 800IU/g, five kinds of enzymes are composite, be dissolved in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, mix, be prepared into a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds.
Embodiment 5:
Press in the complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 1000IU/g, cellulase 16000IU/g, amylase 8 000IU/g, lipase 30IU/g, phytase 800IU/g, five kinds of enzymes are composite, be dissolved in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, mix, be prepared into a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds.
Embodiment 6:
Press in the complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 1000IU/g, cellulase 16000IU/g, amylase 5000IU/g, lipase 30IU/g, phytase 800IU/g, five kinds of enzymes are composite, be dissolved in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, mix, be prepared into a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds.
Embodiment 7:
Press in the complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 2000IU/g, cellulase 8000IU/g, amylase 18000IU/g, lipase 10IU/g, phytase 700IU/g, five kinds of enzymes are composite, be dissolved in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, mix, be prepared into a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds.
Embodiment 8:
Press in the complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 2000IU/g, cellulase 10000IU/g, amylase 16000IU/g, lipase 15IU/g, phytase 600IU/g, five kinds of enzymes are composite, be dissolved in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, mix, be prepared into a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds.
Embodiment 9:
Press in the complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 2000IU/g, cellulase 12000IU/g, amylase 14000IU/g, lipase 20IU/g, phytase 500IU/g, five kinds of enzymes are composite, be dissolved in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, mix, be prepared into a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds.
Embodiment 10:
Press in the complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 2000IU/g, cellulase 10000IU/g, amylase 12000IU/g, lipase 25IU/g, phytase 600IU/g, five kinds of enzymes are composite, be dissolved in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, mix, be prepared into a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds.
Embodiment 11:
Press in the complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 2000IU/g, cellulase 8000IU/g, amylase 10000IU/g, lipase 30IU/g, phytase 600IU/g, five kinds of enzymes are composite, be dissolved in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, mix, be prepared into a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds.
Embodiment 12:
Press in the complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 2000IU/g, cellulase 8000IU/g, amylase 14000IU/g, lipase 30IU/g, phytase 500IU/g, five kinds of enzymes are composite, be dissolved in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, mix, be prepared into a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds.
Embodiment 13:
Press in the complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 3000IU/g, cellulase 8000IU/g, amylase 20000IU/g, lipase 10IU/g, phytase 600IU/g, five kinds of enzymes are composite, be dissolved in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, mix, be prepared into a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds.
Embodiment 14:
Press in the complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 3000IU/g, cellulase 10000IU/g, amylase 18000IU/g, lipase 15IU/g, phytase 650IU/g, five kinds of enzymes are composite, be dissolved in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, mix, be prepared into a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds.
Embodiment 15:
Press in the complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 3000IU/g, cellulase 12000IU/g, amylase 14000IU/g, lipase 20IU/g, phytase 700IU/g, five kinds of enzymes are composite, be dissolved in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, mix, be prepared into a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds.
Embodiment 16:
Press in the complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 3000IU/g, cellulase 15000IU/g, amylase 12000IU/g, lipase 25IU/g, phytase 800IU/g, five kinds of enzymes are composite, be dissolved in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, mix, be prepared into a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds.
Embodiment 17:
Press in the complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 3000IU/g, cellulase 16000IU/g, amylase 10000IU/g, lipase 30IU/g, phytase 800IU/g, five kinds of enzymes are composite, be dissolved in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, mix, be prepared into a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds.
Embodiment 18:
Press in the complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 3000IU/g, cellulase 16000IU/g, amylase 8 000IU/g, lipase 30IU/g, phytase 800IU/g, five kinds of enzymes are composite, be dissolved in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer, mix, be prepared into a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds.
Effect
Seminar's contrast test that an Eriocheir sinensis, mud crab and Portunus trituberculatus Miers plant carry out surplus ground 20 such as Zhejiang Hangzhou, Ningbo, Taizhou shows:
After in perfect compound feed, adding 500～1000 gram/tons complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds of the present invention, the influence of growth performances such as Eriocheir sinensis, mud crab and Portunus trituberculatus Miers is seen Table 1～3 respectively.
Table 1 complex enzyme formulation is to the influence of Eriocheir sinensis growth performance
Annotate: with the different group differences significantly (P＜0.05) of representing of upper right corner lowercase in the delegation, the identical difference not remarkable (P＞0.05) of then representing of lowercase.
By table 1 as seen, in the Eriocheir sinensis adequate diet, add the complex enzyme formulation of 500-1000 gram/ton, through 62 days feeding experiments, the result shows, compare with control group, complex enzyme formulation of the present invention can significantly improve the Eriocheir sinensis rate of body weight gain, reduces feed coefficient, and can improve its survival rate (P＜0.05).
Table 2 complex enzyme formulation is to the influence of mud crab growth performance
Annotate: with the different group differences significantly (P＜0.05) of representing of upper right corner lowercase in the delegation, the identical difference not remarkable (P＞0.05) of then representing of lowercase.
By table 2 as seen, in mud crab whole family mixed feed, add the complex enzyme formulation of 500～1000 gram/tons, the result shows, three enzyme-added group output improves 5.96%, 10.45% and 10.25% than control group respectively, the rate of recapture improves 9.64%, 13.25% and 12.05% respectively, and feed coefficient then reduces by 7.5%, 9.0% and 12.0% (P＜0.05) respectively.
Table 3 complex enzyme formulation is to the influence of Portunus trituberculatus Miers growth performance
Annotate: with the different group differences significantly (P＜0.05) of representing of upper right corner lowercase in the delegation, the identical difference not remarkable (P＞0.05) of then representing of lowercase.
By table 3 as seen, in the Portunus trituberculatus Miers perfect compound feed, add the complex enzyme formulation of 500-1000 gram/ton, through 122 days feeding experiments, the result shows, compare with the control group that does not add enzyme preparation, complex enzyme formulation of the present invention can significantly improve the Portunus trituberculatus Miers cultured output, improves survival rate, significantly reduce feed coefficient (P＜0.05), have fairly obvious economic benefit.
In order to study the influence that complex enzyme formulation of the present invention is drained crab class nitrogen phosphorus, we use the metabolism bottle, get 6 Eriocheir sinensis, mud crab and Portunus trituberculatus Miers respectively and study, the result shown in table 4～6,
Table 4 complex enzyme formulation is to the influence of Eriocheir sinensis nitrogen, phosphorus excretion
Annotate: the lowercase different group differences significantly (P＜0.05) of representing in the upper right corner in the same row, the identical difference not remarkable (P＞0.05) of then representing of lowercase.
By table 4 as seen, add 500 gram/tons (enzyme-added I group), 750 gram/tons (enzyme-added group of II group) and 1000 gram/tons (enzyme-added group of III group) crab class feed complex enzyme preparation special of the present invention in the Eriocheir sinensis daily ration after, the ammonia nitrogen excretion of Eriocheir sinensis has significantly reduced by 20.0%, 24.6%, 30.8% than not enzyme-added control group respectively; The excretion of phosphorus has then reduced by 39.0%, 50.8% and 57.6% respectively, all difference remarkable (P＜0.05).This explanation, in feed, add complex enzyme formulation of the present invention after, Eriocheir sinensis significantly improves the utilization rate of protein in the feed and phosphorus, thereby has reduced the excretion of nitrogen, phosphorus, has prevented the eutrophication of breeding water body, has tangible ecological benefits.
Table 5 complex enzyme formulation is to the influence of mud crab nitrogen, phosphorus excretion
Annotate: the lowercase different group differences significantly (P＜0.05) of representing in the upper right corner in the same row, the identical difference not remarkable (P＞0.05) of then representing of lowercase.
Table 6 complex enzyme formulation is to the influence of Portunus trituberculatus Miers nitrogen, phosphorus excretion
Annotate: with the different group differences significantly (P＜0.05) of representing of upper right corner lowercase in the delegation, the identical difference not remarkable (P＞0.05) of then representing of lowercase.
From table 5,6 as can be seen, complex enzyme formulation of the present invention also can significantly reduce the excretion of mud crab and Portunus trituberculatus Miers nitrogen phosphorus, thereby prevents body eutrophication, improves survival rate.
Claims (2)
1. complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds, it is characterized in that: it contains neutral proteinase, cellulase, amylase, lipase and five kinds of single enzymes of phytase, five kinds of single enzymes are joined compositely in the aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer make liquid complex enzyme formulation, the enzymatic activity of the neutral proteinase in this complex enzyme formulation is that the enzymatic activity of 1000～3000IU/g, cellulase is that 8000～16000IU/g, diastatic enzymatic activity are that the enzymatic activity of 5000～20000IU/g, lipase is that the enzymatic activity of 10～30IU/g, phytase is 500～800IU/g; The described aqueous solution that contains compound stabilizer is to contain the aqueous solution that 1.5g/L sorbierite, 0.5g/L sucrose, 0.15g/L sodium chloride, 5g/L potassium sorbate and percent by volume are 10% glycerine.
2. according to right 1 described a kind of complex enzyme preparation special for crab formula feeds, it is characterized in that: the addition of this complex enzyme formulation in perfect compound feed is 500～1000 gram/tons.
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| CN102687813A (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2012-09-26 | 浙江省海洋开发研究院 | Nutrient and green feed capable of enhancing immune function of mud crab and preparing method thereof |
| CN105495066A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-20 | 安徽天邦饲料科技有限公司 | Fermented-flavor environment-friendly small carp puffed slowly-sinking compound feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN105935110A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-09-14 | 许成江 | Feed of juvenile portunus trituberculatus and preparation method thereof |
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