CN101580938B - Method for preparing metallic matrix composite coating reinforced by alumina ceramics particles - Google Patents

Method for preparing metallic matrix composite coating reinforced by alumina ceramics particles Download PDF

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CN101580938B
CN101580938B CN200910067141A CN200910067141A CN101580938B CN 101580938 B CN101580938 B CN 101580938B CN 200910067141 A CN200910067141 A CN 200910067141A CN 200910067141 A CN200910067141 A CN 200910067141A CN 101580938 B CN101580938 B CN 101580938B
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nicrbsi
coating
composite coating
plasma spraying
powder
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CN101580938A (en
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孙大千
宫文彪
韩耀武
王文权
宣兆志
任振安
谷晓燕
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing metallic matrix composite coating reinforced with alumina ceramics particles in the technical fields such as materials, electric power, metallurgy, machinery and the like, belonging to surface engineering techniques. The metallic matrix composite coating reinforced by alumina ceramics particles (AL2O3P/NiCrBSi) is prepared on the surface of the mildsteel base material based on the characteristics of high wear and erosion resistance, low cost of the alumina materials, fine self-fluxing nature, wettability and plasma spraying technology of the NiCrBSi alloy, and the property of wearing and erosion resistance is improved. The technique process of preparing WCP/NiCrBSi composite material coating is as follows: coating design; sifting dusty spray; mixing the powder according to certain ratio; superficial treatment of base material; controlling plasma spraying parameter; and preparing WCP/NiCrBSi coating.

Description

A kind of method for preparing metallic matrix composite coating reinforced by alumina ceramics particles
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for preparing metallic matrix composite coating reinforced by alumina ceramics particles of technical fields such as material, electric power, metallurgy, machinery, belong to surface engineering technology.
Background technology
Power industry is a mainstay of the national economy industry.Coal-fired flyash and the slag that produces of heat power plant boiler accounts for about 1/5 of consumption of coal, the important production link that is treated as thermal power generation of flyash and slag.The method of ash disposal mainly is divided into two kinds: a kind of is to adopt ash trench system cleaning and ash-slag delivery (being called for short the water ash disposal); Another kind is to adopt pneumatic ash removal system cleaning and ash-slag delivery (be called for short and do ash disposal).Have conserve water resource, environmentally safe, lime-ash and advantage such as can utilize again owing to do ash disposal system, dried ash disposal system is all adopted in the developed countries fuel-burning power plant at present, and the fuel-burning power plant of China 40% or more is also from the dried ash disposal system of external introduction.But do the serious wear problem of ash disposal system component is to do to remove the major obstacle of gray technology in China's widespread use always, also is one of subject matter that influences fuel-burning power plant operational efficiency, operating safety and cost of electricity-generating.
The wear form that ash disposal system is done by thermal power plant is mainly erosive wear.In order to improve the wear resisting property of ash disposal system, China mainly adopts traditional arc surfacing high-abrasive material or durionise method, and up to now, these two kinds of methods all can not obviously improve the erosion-wear-resisting performance of doing ash disposal system.Developed countries mainly adopts surface engineering technology, prepares wear-resistant coating at dried ash disposal system component surface easy to wear, improves its wear resistance and work-ing life.The supersonic flame spraying methods that adopt prepare the cobalt-based tungsten carbide coating more, but the preparation cost of this coating is higher, is difficult to promote the use of in China.According to the wear form of doing ash disposal system, the ceramic particle reinforced metal base composites coating is to improve the favourable selection countermeasure of doing ash disposal system erosion-wear-resisting performance.Alumina ceramic material has high wear resistance, solidity to corrosion, and price is low; The NiCrBSi alloy has self-fluxing nature and good wettability; Plasma spraying technology has that the coating kind is many, spraying coating process is stable, coating quality is high, to advantages such as element size are unrestricted.Therefore, adopt plasma spraying technology, prepare alumina ceramic grain at dried ash disposal system component surface easy to wear and strengthen metal-base composites (Al 2O 3P/ NiCrBSi) coating significantly improves its wear resistance and work-ing life, has important engineering application value and wide application prospect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method for preparing metallic matrix composite coating reinforced by alumina ceramics particles, and this method is based on the high wear resistance of alumina ceramic material, solidity to corrosion, and price is low; The characteristics of self-fluxing nature that the NiCrBSi alloy is good and wettability and plasma spraying technology prepare alumina ceramic grain at the soft steel substrate surface and strengthen metal-base composites (Al 2O 3P/ NiCrBSi) coating improves the erosion resistance wear resisting property.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention realizes by the following technical programs:
A kind of method for preparing metallic matrix composite coating reinforced by alumina ceramics particles, undertaken by following process step:
A) dusty spray screening: to the Al of purity＞99.9% 2O 3Ceramic powder and by 15-20%Cr, 3.0-4.5%B, 4.0-6.0%Si, 0.5-1.1%C,＜5.0%Fe and surplus are that the NiCrBSi powdered alloy that Ni forms screens respectively; The acquisition granularity is that ceramic powder and the granularity of 20 μ m-40 μ m is the NiCrBSi powdered alloy of 50 μ m-100 μ m, controls Al in the composite coating with this 2O 3Ceramic particle strengthens the particle diameter of body;
B) powder mixes by a certain percentage: ceramic powder after will screening and powdered alloy form 20-24%Al by the certain mass percent uniform mixing 2O 3+ 80-76%NiCrBSi mixing dusty spray is with Al in the control composite coating 2O 3Ceramic particle strengthens the volume(tric)fraction and the Al of body 2O 3PThe bonding properties of/NiCrBSi and coating and substrate interface;
C) substrate surface treatment: before the spraying, remove greasy dirt, then adopt jet absorption type sandblast machine and 16# corundum sand, increase surfaceness to the sandblasting of soft steel substrate surface with acetone soft steel substrate surface;
D) control plasma spraying parameter: control plasma spraying parameter makes Al 2O 3Only surface local fusing of ceramic powder particle, and NiCrBSi alloy powder particle integral body melts fully, realizes Al 2O 3PThe preparation of/NiCrBSi composite coating; The plasma spraying parameter is: electric current 430A-460A; Voltage 45V-50V; Main gas (Ar) 46L/min-48L/min; Inferior gas (H 2) 2L/min-4L/min; Powder feed rate 28g/min-32g/min; Spray distance 70mm-90mm; Spraying rate 80mm/s-100mm/s.
E) preparation Al 2O 3P/ NiCrBSi coating: adopt plasma spraying technology and Al 2O 3+ NiCrBSi mixing dusty spray prepares Al at the substrate surface of sandblasting 2O 3P/ NiCrBSi composite coating, in Plasma Spraying Process Using, plasma gun is stable to guarantee spraying coating process and coating quality with robot arm control.
Ceramic powder after described will the screening and powdered alloy are specially: 20-80%Al by the certain mass percent uniform mixing 2O 3+ 80-20%NiCrBSi.
Test-results shows, Al 2O 3PAl in the/NiCrBSi composite coating 2O 3Ceramic particle strengthens particle diameter, volume(tric)fraction and the Al of body 2O 3PThe bonding properties of/NiCrBSi, coating/substrate interface has tangible influence to the erosion resistance wear resisting property of composite coating.Through optimizing Al 2O 3, the NiCrBSi dusty spray granularity, Al 2O 3Powder is at Al 2O 3The Al that mass percent in the+NiCrBSi mixed powder and plasma spray coating process parameter obtain 2O 3P/ NiCrBSi composite coating (thickness is 300-500 μ m) can significantly improve the erosion-wear-resisting performance.
The Al of method preparation of the present invention 2O 3PThe composition of/NiCrBSi composite coating and the performance index that reach: (1) Al 2O 3PAl in the/NiCrBSi composite coating 2O 3It is that 15 μ m-35 μ m, volume(tric)fraction are 35-45% that ceramic particle strengthens the body particle diameter; (2) interface bond strength between composite coating and soft steel base material is 25-35MPa; (3) Al 2O 3PThe erosive wear rate of/NiCrBSi composite coating is 6.9 * 10 -3Mm 3/ g-7.5 * 10 -3Mm 3/ g compares (33.9 * 10 with the soft steel base material -3Mm 3/ g), Al 2O 3PThe erosion resistance mill performance of/NiCrBSi coating improves more than 4 times.
The present invention has following major advantage: (1) Al 2O 3PThe Al of/NiCrBSi composite coating 2O 3Ceramic particle strengthens body and has high hardness, wear resistance, solidity to corrosion, and price is low, helps significantly improving the erosion-wear-resisting performance and reduces the coating prepn cost; (2) NiCrBSi alloy substrate material has good self-fluxing nature and wettability, and price is lower than cobalt base alloy, helps improving the use properties of enhancing body/matrix, coating/substrate interface bonding properties and coating, also can reduce the coating prepn cost; (3) alumina ceramic material fusing point high (2040 ℃), thermal conductivity are low, and NiCrBSi alloy melting point relatively low (～1180 ℃), thermal conductivity are higher, through optimizing the plasma spraying parameter, help realizing Al 2O 3PThe preparation of/NiCrBSi composite coating.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is Al 2O 3P/ NiCrBSi composite coating tissue.
Embodiment:
The present invention prepares Al 2O 3PThe technical process of/NiCrBSi composite coating is: coated designs → dusty spray screening → powder mixes → substrate surface treatment → control plasma spraying parameter → preparation Al by a certain percentage 2O 3P/ NiCrBSi coating.
To Al 2O 3Ceramic powder (purity＞99.9%) and NiCrBSi powdered alloy (15-20%Cr; 3.0-4.5%B, 4.0-6.0%Si, 0.5-1.1%C;＜5.0%Fe; The Ni=surplus) screen respectively, the acquisition granularity is that ceramic powder and the granularity of 20 μ m-40 μ m is the NiCrBSi powdered alloy of 50 μ m-100 μ m, controls Al in the composite coating with this 2O 3Ceramic particle strengthens the particle diameter of body.Ceramic powder after the screening and powdered alloy are pressed the certain mass percent uniform mixing, form 20-24%Al 2O 3+ 80-76%NiCrBSi mixing dusty spray is with Al in the control composite coating 2O 3Ceramic particle strengthens the volume(tric)fraction and the Al of body 2O 3PThe bonding properties of/NiCrBSi, coating/substrate interface.Before the spraying, remove greasy dirt with acetone soft steel substrate surface; Then adopt jet absorption type sandblast machine and 16# corundum sand to the sandblasting of soft steel substrate surface, increase surfaceness.Adopt plasma spraying technology and Al 2O 3+ NiCrBSi mixes spraying powder art, prepares Al at the substrate surface of sandblasting 2O 3P/ NiCrBSi composite coating, in Plasma Spraying Process Using, plasma gun is stable to guarantee spraying coating process and coating quality with robot arm control; Control plasma spraying parameter makes Al 2O 3Only surface local fusing of ceramic powder particle, and NiCrBSi alloy powder particle integral body melts fully, realizes Al 2O 3PThe preparation of/NiCrBSi composite coating; The plasma spraying parameter is: electric current 430A-460A; Voltage 45V-50V; Main gas (Ar) 46L/min-48L/min; Inferior gas (H 2) 2L/min-4L/min; Powder feed rate 28g/min-32g/min; Spray distance 70mm-90mm; Spraying rate 80mm/s-100mm/s.
Prepare Al to do ash disposal valve sealing face plasma spraying below at soft steel 2O 3P/ NiCrBSi composite coating is an example, specifies embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment 1, employing 22%Al 2O 3+ 78%NiCrBSi mixing dusty spray, the plasma spraying parameter is: electric current 440A; Voltage 47V; Main gas (Ar) 47L/min; Inferior gas (H 2) 3L/min; Powder feed rate 30g/min; Spray distance 80mm; Spraying rate 90mm/s, preparation Al 2O 3P/ NiCrBSi composite coating.Al 2O 3PThe wear-resisting rate of the erosion of/NiCrBSi coating is 6.9 * 10 -3Mm 3/ g-7.2 * 10 -3Mm 3/ g; Coating/substrate interface bonding strength is 30MPa-34MPa.
Embodiment 2, employing 20%Al 2O 3+ 80%NiCrBSi mixing dusty spray, the plasma spraying parameter is: electric current 440A; Voltage 47V; Main gas (Ar) 47L/min; Inferior gas (H 2) 3L/min; Powder feed rate 30g/min; Spray distance 80mm; Spraying rate 90mm/s, preparation Al 2O 3P/ NiCrBSi composite coating.Al 2O 3PThe wear-resisting rate of the erosion of/NiCrBSi coating is 7.2 * 10 -3Mm 3/ g-7.5 * 10 -3Mm 3/ g; Coating/substrate interface bonding strength is 31MPa-35MPa.
Embodiment 3, employing 24%Al 2O 3+ 76%NiCrBSi mixing dusty spray, the plasma spraying parameter is: electric current 440A; Voltage 47V; Main gas (Ar) 47L/min; Inferior gas (H 2) 3L/min; Powder feed rate 30g/min; Spray distance 80mm; Spraying rate 90mm/s, preparation Al 2O 3P/ NiCrBSi composite coating.Al 2O 3PThe wear-resisting rate of the erosion of/NiCrBSi coating is 7.0 * 10 -3Mm 3/ g-7.4 * 10 -3Mm 3/ g; Coating/substrate interface bonding strength is 25MPa-30MPa.
Embodiment 4, employing 22%Al 2O 3+ 78%NiCrBSi mixing dusty spray, the plasma spraying parameter is: electric current 430A; Voltage 45V; Main gas (Ar) 46L/min; Inferior gas (H 2) 2L/min; Powder feed rate 28g/min; Spray distance 70mm; Spraying rate 80mm/s, preparation Al 2O 3P/ NiCrBSi composite coating.Al 2O 3PThe wear-resisting rate of the erosion of/NiCrBSi coating is 7.1 * 10 -3Mm 3/ g-7.5 * 10 -3Mm 3/ g; Coating/substrate interface bonding strength is 25MPa-31MPa.
Embodiment 5, employing 22%Al 2O 3+ 78%NiCrBSi mixing dusty spray, the plasma spraying parameter is: electric current 460A; Voltage 50V; Main gas (Ar) 48L/min; Inferior gas (H 2) 4L/min; Powder feed rate 32g/min; Spray distance 90mm; Spraying rate 100mm/s, preparation Al 2O 3P/ NiCrBSi composite coating.Al 2O 3PThe wear-resisting rate of the erosion of/NiCrBSi coating is 7.0 * 10 -3Mm 3/ g-7.5 * 10 -3Mm 3/ g coating/substrate interface bonding strength is 31MPa-35MPa.
Embodiment 6, employing 20%Al 2O 3+ 80%NiCrBSi mixes spraying powder art, and the plasma spraying parameter is: electric current 430A; Voltage 45V; Main gas (Ar) 46L/min; Inferior gas (H 2) 2L/min; Powder feed rate 28g/min; Spray distance 70mm; Spraying rate 80mm/s, preparation Al 2O 3P/ NiCrBSi composite coating.Al 2O 3PThe wear-resisting rate of the erosion of/NiCrBSi coating is 7.1 * 10 -3Mm 3/ g-7.4 * 10 -3Mm 3/ g; Coating/substrate interface bonding strength is 26MPa-31MPa.

Claims (2)

1. method for preparing metallic matrix composite coating reinforced by alumina ceramics particles is characterized in that being undertaken by following process step:
A) dusty spray screening: to the Al of purity＞99.9% 2O 3Ceramic powder and by 15-20%Cr, 3.0-4.5%B, 4.0-6.0%Si, 0.5-1.1%C,＜5.0%Fe and surplus are that the NiCrBSi powdered alloy that Ni forms screens respectively; The acquisition granularity is that ceramic powder and the granularity of 20 μ m-40 μ m is the NiCrBSi powdered alloy of 50 μ m-100 μ m, controls Al in the composite coating with this 2O 3Ceramic particle strengthens the particle diameter of body;
B) powder mixes by a certain percentage: ceramic powder after will screening and powdered alloy form 20-24%Al by the certain mass percent uniform mixing 2O 3+ 80-76%NiCrBSi mixing dusty spray is with Al in the control composite coating 2O 3Ceramic particle strengthens the volume(tric)fraction and the Al of body 2O 3PThe bonding properties of/NiCrBSi coating and substrate interface;
C) substrate surface treatment: before the spraying, remove greasy dirt, then adopt jet absorption type sandblast machine and 16# corundum sand, increase surfaceness to the sandblasting of soft steel substrate surface with acetone soft steel substrate surface;
D) control plasma spraying parameter: control plasma spraying parameter makes Al 2O 3Only surface local fusing of ceramic powder particle, and NiCrBSi alloy powder particle integral body melts fully, realizes Al 2O 3PThe preparation of/NiCrBSi composite coating; The plasma spraying parameter is: electric current 430A-460A; Voltage 45V-50V; Main gas Ar46L/min-48L/min; Inferior gas H 22L/min-4L/min; Powder feed rate 28g/min-32g/min; Spray distance 70mm-90mm; Spraying rate 80mm/s-100mm/s;
E) preparation Al 2O 3P/ NiCrBSi coating: adopt plasma spraying technology and Al 2O 3+ NiCrBSi mixing dusty spray prepares Al at the substrate surface of sandblasting 2O 3P/ NiCrBSi composite coating, in Plasma Spraying Process Using, plasma gun is stable to guarantee spraying coating process and coating quality with robot arm control.
2. a kind of method for preparing metallic matrix composite coating reinforced by alumina ceramics particles according to claim 1 is characterized in that, ceramic powder after described will the screening and powdered alloy are specially: 20-80%Al by the certain mass percent uniform mixing 2O 3+ 80-20%NiCrBSi.
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