CN108720545A - A kind of cooking apparatus and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of cooking apparatus and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108720545A CN108720545A CN201710271542.6A CN201710271542A CN108720545A CN 108720545 A CN108720545 A CN 108720545A CN 201710271542 A CN201710271542 A CN 201710271542A CN 108720545 A CN108720545 A CN 108720545A
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- cooking apparatus
- magnetic metallic
- base material
- metallic layers
- cold spraying
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J27/00—Cooking-vessels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
- A47J36/025—Vessels with non-stick features, e.g. coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of cooking apparatus of present invention offer and preparation method thereof.A kind of cooking apparatus, including base material, magnetic metallic layers and titanium layer；The magnetic metallic layers are coating of the cold spraying in substrate outer surface, and the titanium layer is coating of the cold spraying in magnetic metallic layers outer surface.In the preparation, first by magnetic metallic powder by under the action of working gas cold spraying in the outer surface of base material, the outer surface of base material is set to form magnetic metallic layers, secondly by titanium valve or titanium alloy powder by under the action of working gas cold spraying so that the outer surface of magnetic metallic layers is formed titanium layer in the outer surface of magnetic metallic layers.Cooking apparatus of the present invention and preparation method thereof has many advantages, such as that corrosion resistance and good, abrasion resistance properties are good, electromagnetic heating performance is good, structural constituent is single, heat affected area and thermal stress are small, binding force is strong, internal flaw is few, thickness is suitable and at low cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to coating technology fields more particularly to a kind of cooking apparatus and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
It is more and more using electromagnetic heating electric rice cooker and electric pressure cooking saucepan accounting, since electromagnetic heating needs material to have well
Magnetic conductivity, therefore general cookware is required for composite pot tool, and at least outer layer is 430 or mild steel (iron) with magnetic conductivity,
But both material corrosion resistances are poor, and the environment used due to cookware is high temperature and humidity, at the same often movement and rub
It wipes, can usually influence to use there is a situation where corroding and wearing.
Invention content
In view of the problems of prior art, a kind of cooking apparatus of present invention offer and preparation method thereof has corrosion resistant
Corrosion energy is good, abrasion resistance properties are good, electromagnetic heating performance is good, structural constituent is single, heat affected area and thermal stress are small, binding force
By force, internal flaw is few, thickness is suitable and it is at low cost the advantages that.
The technical solution that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows：
A kind of cooking apparatus, including base material, magnetic metallic layers and titanium layer；The magnetic metallic layers are cold spraying outside base material
The coating on surface, the titanium layer are coating of the cold spraying in magnetic metallic layers outer surface.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
Cooking apparatus of the present invention, with corrosion resistance and good, abrasion resistance properties are good, electromagnetic heating performance is good, group
The advantages that being made into that point single, heat affected area and thermal stress are small, binding force is strong, internal flaw is few, thickness is suitable and be at low cost.
Cold spraying magnetic metallic layers are with electromagnetic heating performance is good, structural constituent is single, heat affected area and thermal stress are small, knot
The advantages that resultant force is strong, internal flaw is few.
The titanium layer that the outer surface of magnetic metallic layers is equipped with is conducive to that magnetic metallic layers is avoided to be damaged, corrosion-resistant to improve
Performance and abrasion resistance properties.
The titanium layer of the present invention is prepared by cold spraying, and compared with thermal spraying, cold spraying is notable because of dusty spray heating temperature
Less than thermal spraying, the material of spraying can keep not aoxidizing substantially, to ensure that entire coating has good performance, can lead to
Cross the technological parameters such as the air pressure of preheating temperature, spray gun for strictly controlling its gas, it is ensured that its powder deposition rate sprayed
Soon, deposition efficiency is high, and Powder Oxidation degree is low, ensures that coating has that single structural constituent, heat affected area and thermal stress are small, combine
The features such as power is strong, internal flaw is few.
The present invention has coating layer thickness properly and at low cost etc. by the way of cold spraying rather than the mode of vacuum coating
Advantage.
Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.
Further, the thickness of the titanium layer is 20-40 microns.
Advantageous effect using above-mentioned further scheme is：
In the prior art, generally using vacuum coating in 430 stainless steels (iron) ti coat on diamond and titanium compound film, but it is this
Technique make thicknesses of layers it is all very thin, only 1.0um hereinafter, and equipment acquisition cost and manufacturing cost it is all higher.This
Invention can be by the thickness control of titanium layer at 20-40 microns by the way of cold spraying, and the titanium layer of the thickness range is conducive to carry
The compactness of high cookware, to promote corrosion-resistant and wear-resisting property.If thickness is excessively high, it is easy to cause cost and increases, is not suitable for
The problem of large-scale promotion application；If the too small compactness for being easy to cause titanium layer of thickness can not ensure and the consistency of thickness of coating
Property can not ensure, be easy to cause corrosion-resistant and wear resistance decrease problem.
Further, the porosity of the titanium layer is 0.05-0.20%.
Advantageous effect using above-mentioned further scheme is：Have the advantages that high-densit, binding force is strong, not easily to fall off, it should
The porosity of range has the advantages that improve titanium layer binding force, electromagnetic heating ability, corrosion-resistant and wear resistance, less than this
Range, the problem of technical process performance difficulty can be caused；Higher than this range, titanium layer binding force and electromagnetic heating power can be caused
The problem of decline.
Further, the material of the magnetic metallic layers be ferrimagnet, selected from iron, cobalt, nickel, ferroalloy, cobalt alloy and
Any one of nickel alloy.
Further, the thickness of the magnetic metallic layers is 0.2-0.5mm.
Advantageous effect using above-mentioned further scheme is：With good electromagnetic heating performance, while coating adhesion
It is good.
Further, the porosity of the magnetic metallic layers is 0.05-0.20%.
Advantageous effect using above-mentioned further scheme is：Have the advantages that high-densit, binding force is strong, not easily to fall off, it should
The porosity of range has the advantages that improve magnetic conductive metal layer binding force, electromagnetic heating ability, is less than this range, can lead to work
The problem of skill implementation Process difficulty；Higher than this range, the problem of titanium layer binding force and electromagnetic heating power can be caused to decline.
Further, the material of the base material is selected from one or more of aluminium alloy, stainless steel, copper alloy and titanium alloy layer
It is compound.
Further, the base material is single layer of substrate material or composite base material.
Further, the thickness of the base material is 0.5-4mm.
Advantageous effect using above-mentioned further scheme is：Suitable thickness advantageously ensures that the intensity of cookware and convenient for adding
Work.
Further, the inner surface of the base material is additionally provided with non-sticking lining.
Advantageous effect using above-mentioned further scheme is：Improve non-adhesion behavior.
Further, the cooking apparatus is cookware or cooker.The cookware or cooker can be but be not limited to electric cooker and
Electric pressure cooking saucepan etc..
Further, the cooking apparatus further includes electromagnetic induction coil, and electromagnetic induction coil is located at the lower section of base material and outer
Side, magnetic metallic layers are located at the bottom of base material and the lower part of base material side wall, and the height of the side wall of magnetic metallic layers is close to electromagnetism sense
Answer the height of the side wall of coil.
Advantageous effect using above-mentioned further scheme is：Advantageously ensure that heating effect.
Further, the side wall of the magnetic metallic layers below or above electromagnetic induction coil side wall height 1.0cm with
It is interior
Advantageous effect using above-mentioned further scheme is：Be conducive to further increase heating effect and not increase necessary
Cost.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of above-mentioned cooking apparatus, include the following steps：First by magnetic metal powder
End by under the action of working gas cold spraying so that the outer surface of base material is formed magnetic metallic layers in the outer surface of base material；Its
It is secondary, by titanium valve or titanium alloy powder by under the action of working gas cold spraying make magnetism in the outer surface of magnetic metallic layers
The outer surface of metal layer forms titanium layer.
Advantageous effect using the above scheme：
The present invention prepares titanium layer using cold spraying, and compared with thermal spraying, cold spraying is significantly low because of dusty spray heating temperature
In thermal spraying, the material of spraying can keep not aoxidizing substantially, to ensure that entire coating has good performance, can pass through
Strictly control the technological parameters such as the preheating temperature of its gas, the air pressure of spray gun, it is ensured that powder deposition rate that it is sprayed is fast,
Deposition efficiency is high, and Powder Oxidation degree is low, ensures that coating has single structural constituent, heat affected area and thermal stress is small, binding force
By force, the features such as internal flaw is few.
The present invention has coating layer thickness properly and at low cost etc. by the way of cold spraying rather than the mode of vacuum coating
Advantage.
Further, the working gas is selected from the mixing of one or more of air, helium and nitrogen.
Advantageous effect using the above scheme is：Cost is advantageously reduced using above-mentioned gas, while avoiding above-mentioned gas
It reacts with metal, avoids the performance for influencing coating.
Further, when cold spraying, injection pressure is 1-3.5MPa.
Advantageous effect using the above scheme is：
Coating of good performance is advantageously formed using above-mentioned pressure, pressure can improve spraying grain in a certain range
The speed of son and the anchoring strength of coating that makes is high, porosity is made to reduce, coating compactness is good, but pressure is more than certain value
Later, the raising of pressure becomes very little to the influence of the rate of particle；If spray pressure is too small, be easy to cause the coating to be formed compared with
To be loose, gap is more and poor problem is combined between coating and matrix.
Further, when cold spraying, injection temperation is 400-600 DEG C.
Be conducive to obtain comparatively dense coating using above-mentioned temperature, if temperature is excessively high, particle fusing can be caused to bond
In spray gun or nozzle is blocked, and Powder Oxidation may be made and then influence coating quality, to influence to spray.If temperature
It is too low, it is unfavorable for the plastic deformation of particle, the porosity between particle can increase, and being mingled with can also increase.
Further, the flow velocity of working gas is 1-2m3/min.It is i.e. per minute to pass through 1-2m3Working gas.
Advantageous effect using the above scheme is：Suitable working gas speed be conducive to obtain suitable deposition rate and
It prevents metal from being aoxidized, if speed is too low, it is low to be easy to cause deposition rate, it is also possible to which metal is aoxidized；If speed mistake
Height, it is excessive to be easy to cause air pressure, and to which powder rebound can be caused to reduce deposition rate instead, face coat is coarse.
Further, the conveying capacity of titanium valve or titanium alloy powder is 5-15kg/h.
Advantageous effect using the above scheme is：The conveying speed of suitable titanium valve or titanium alloy powder advantageously ensures that conjunction
Suitable coating compactness and suitable coating deposition efficiency, if the too low coating deposition efficiency that is easy to cause of conveying speed is low,
If conveying speed is excessively high be easy to cause compactness it is poor, in conjunction with the problems such as force difference.
Further, jet length 10-50mm.
Advantageous effect using the above scheme is：Be conducive to obtain suitable deposition rate using above-mentioned distance, if away from
From excessive, it is easy to cause deposition rate decline, if being easy to cause powder rebound apart from too small and declining so as to cause deposition rate.
Further, consumption power is 15-55kW.
It is using the advantageous effect of above-mentioned technical proposal：Using above-mentioned consumption power, be conducive to carry out working gas
Effectively heating, hot protective gas can carry out good preheating to powder, reach suitable spraying temperature, if consumption work(
Rate is excessively high, and gas temperature can be caused excessively high, is easy to cause damage problem to the sealing ring etc. of nozzle；If it is too low to consume power,
The heating temperature of protective gas can be caused relatively low, the problems such as powder preheating temperature is insufficient, and titanium layer binding force is poor.
Further, the granularity of titanium valve or titanium alloy powder is 1-50 microns.
Advantageous effect using the above scheme is：Be conducive to obtain fine and close coating using above-mentioned granularity, if granularity
Too small, powder particle is easy fusing and bonds；If granularity is excessive, particulate plastic deformation is small, and film layer porosity is high.
Further, surface to be sprayed to base material before cold spraying carries out blasting treatment and oil removing ungrease treatment.
Advantageous effect using above-mentioned further scheme is：Be conducive to improve the binding ability of coating and base material.
Further, after cold spraying, further include titanium layer is polished or turning processing.
Advantageous effect using above-mentioned further scheme is：Above-mentioned processing is taken to be conducive to the smooth table that surface obtains minute surface
Face further promotes corrosion resistance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is cold spray system structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the operating diagram that the present invention makes pot body using cold pressure spray process.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the cooking apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the enlarged drawing at the A of the sectional view of the cooking apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the enlarged drawing at the B of the sectional view of the cooking apparatus of the present invention.
In attached drawing, parts list represented by the reference numerals are as follows：
1, high-pressure air source, 2, gas regulation control system, 3, powder feed system, 4, gun system, 41, preceding gas chamber, 42, powder feeding
Mouthful, 43, pressurized gas inlet, 44, nozzle, 5, powder recovery system, 6, gas temperature control system, 7, jet stream, 8, titanium layer, 9,
Cooking apparatus, 10, non-sticking lining, 11, base material, 12, magnetic metallic layers, 13, coil panel.
Specific implementation mode
The principle and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and
It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, a kind of cooking apparatus, including base material 11, magnetic metallic layers 12 and titanium layer 8；The magnetic gold
It is coating of the cold spraying in substrate outer surface to belong to layer 12, and the titanium layer 8 is coating of the cold spraying in magnetic metallic layers outer surface.
The thickness of the titanium layer 8 is 20-40 microns.The porosity of the titanium layer 8 is 0.05-0.20%.
The material of the magnetic metallic layers 12 is ferrimagnet, is selected from iron, cobalt, nickel, ferroalloy, cobalt alloy and nickel alloy
Any one of.The thickness of the magnetic metallic layers 12 is 0.2-0.5mm.The porosity of the magnetic metallic layers 12 is 0.05-
0.20%.
The base material 11 is single layer of substrate material or composite base material.The material of the base material 11 is selected from aluminium alloy, stainless steel, copper and closes
Gold is compound with one or more of titanium alloy layer.The thickness of the base material 11 is 0.5-4mm.
In order to improve non-adhesion behavior, non-sticking lining 10 is additionally provided in the inner surface of base material 11.
The cooking apparatus is cookware or cooker.
The cooking apparatus further includes electromagnetic induction coil, and the lower section that electromagnetic induction coil is located at base material 11 is outside, magnetic
Property metal layer 12 is located at the lower part of 11 side wall of bottom and base material of base material 11, and the height of the side wall of magnetic metallic layers is close to electromagnetism sense
Answer the height of the side wall of coil.Height of the side wall of the magnetic metallic layers below or above the side wall of electromagnetic induction coil
Within 1.0cm.When specifically used, the electromagnetic induction coil can be coil panel 13.
In order to reduce cost, 12 part cold spraying of magnetic metallic layers is in the outer surface of base material 11, with magnetic metallic layers 12
For the lower part and bottom of the side wall of base material 11, as shown in figure 4, cooking apparatus is from outside to inside, include titanium layer 8 successively, magnetic
Metal layer 12, base material 11 and non-sticking lining 10.In the part for being not provided with magnetic metallic layers 12, as shown in figure 5, cooking apparatus is by outer
Include titanium layer 8, base material 11 and non-sticking lining 10 successively to interior.That is, when the region for the metal layer 12 that is magnetic, titanium layer 8
Cold spraying is in the outer surface of magnetic metallic layers 12, and when some regions of base material 11 are not provided with magnetic metallic layers 12, titanium layer 8 is direct
Cold spraying is in the outer surface of base material 11.
Cold spraying (CS：Cold Spray), also known as aerodynamic force spraying technology refers to when the high speed with certain plasticity
With after matrix collision the method that deposition forms magnetic conduction coating occurs by strong plastic deformation for solid particles.Usual conditions
Under, general concept is will to generate solid particles after solid particles collides certain matrix to act on the erosion of matrix.
When carrying out cold spray process, cold spraying system may be used.Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 illustrates one of which and can be used for
The system of cold spraying.As shown in Figure 1, cold spraying system includes：High-pressure air source 1, gas regulation control system 2, powder feed system 3,
Gun system 4, powder recovery system 5 and gas temperature control system 6.The high-pressure air source 1, is sent gas regulation control system 2
Powder system 3, gun system 4 and powder recovery system 5 are sequentially connected, between gas regulation control system 2 and gun system 4 also
It is connected with gas temperature control system 6.
Gas regulation control system 2 is for adjusting working gas dosage and pressure.Powder feed system 3 is used for metal powder is past
Gun system conveys.Gun system 4 is used to the metal powder after accelerating being sprayed onto pot body surface.Gas temperature control system 6 is used
In the temperature for adjusting working gas.Working gas in high-pressure air source 1, successively through gas regulation control system 2 and powder feed system
3, it is entered in gun system by powder feed system 3, from spray gun system after working gas is mixed with metal powder in gun system
The nozzle of system sprays, and at jet stream, forms coating on the surface of pot body, extra metal powder is carried out by powder recovery system 5
Recycling.
As shown in Fig. 2, gun system 4 includes preceding gas chamber 41 and nozzle 44, preceding gas chamber 41 is connected to the inside of nozzle 44.Before
Gas chamber 41 is equipped with powder feeding mouth 42 and pressurized gas inlet 43；Powder feeding mouth 42 and the powder feeding pipes outlet connection of powder feed system 3 are used for
It is passed through metal powder, pressurized gas inlet 43 is for being passed through working gas.Metal powder is in powder feeding pipes exit by work gas
Body accelerates to the critical speed of metallic, is sprayed from the outlet of nozzle 44 through nozzle 44, forms jet stream 7, jet stream 7 is in cooking pot
The surface of tool 9 forms cold spraying coating, such as：Titanium layer 8.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of above-mentioned cooking apparatus, include the following steps：First by magnetic metal powder
End by under the action of working gas cold spraying so that the outer surface of base material is formed magnetic metallic layers in the outer surface of base material；Its
It is secondary, by titanium valve or titanium alloy powder by under the action of working gas cold spraying make magnetism in the outer surface of magnetic metallic layers
The outer surface of metal layer forms titanium layer.
The working gas is selected from the mixing of one or more of air, helium and nitrogen.The flow velocity of working gas is
1-2m3/min.Consumption power is 15-55kW.The consumption power refers to be the consumption power of cold spraying system.
The granularity of titanium valve or titanium alloy powder is 1-50 microns.The conveying capacity of titanium valve or titanium alloy powder is 5-15kg/h.
Jet length is 10-50mm.
When cold spraying, injection pressure is 1-3.5MPa, and injection temperation is 400-600 DEG C.
In order to further increase the binding ability of titanium layer and base material, the surface to be sprayed to base material is sprayed before cold spraying
Sand processing and oil removing ungrease treatment.
After cold spraying, further include titanium layer is polished or turning processing.
Because dusty spray heating temperature is substantially less than thermal spraying, the material of spraying can keep that oxygen does not occur substantially for cold spraying
Change, it, can be by strictly controlling the works such as the preheating temperature of its gas, the air pressure of spray gun to ensure that entire coating has good performance
Skill parameter, it is ensured that its spray powder deposition rate is fast, deposition efficiency is high, Powder Oxidation degree is low, ensures that coating has
The features such as structural constituent is single, heat affected area and thermal stress are small, binding force is strong, internal flaw is few.
The composite pot tool that this method makes has good heating properties, while having excellent corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant
Performance, and the composite pot tool of the more same material of cost is at low cost, processing procedure environmental protection.
Cookware or cooker cold spraying provided by the invention prepares the technique of magnetisable coating, by strictly controlling cold spray technique
Technological parameter, such as injection temperation, spray pressure, jet length, material particle size can be non magnetic (such as aluminium alloy) or weak
Magnetic material (such as 304 stainless steels) cookware appearance bottom sprays the magnetisable coating of one layer of mechanics and good physical properties, ensures pot
Has good electromagnetic heating effect.
It is introduced below by some specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1
A method of composite pot tool is prepared, is included the following steps：
(1) base material pre-processes：
(or not selecting) may be selected, blasting treatment is carried out to cookware or cooker base material surface to be sprayed.To cookware outer surface
The impurity such as greasy dirt carry out oil removing degreasing (such as sodium hydroxide solution) processing；
(2) high pressure cold spraying prepares coating：
First, magnetic metallic powder cold spraying is prepared into cold spraying magnetic metallic layers in the outer surface of base material；
The technological parameter that cold spraying prepares magnetic metallic layers is：
Working gas：Air, helium, nitrogen or mixed gas etc.；
Secondly, it using cold spraying by fine-powders such as titaniums, is sprayed to higher kinetic energy high speed under the auxiliary of high-speed flow
Cookware to be sprayed.By strictly controlling the technological parameter of cold spraying, in magnetic metallic layers outer surface, one layer of preparation is certain thickness
Titanium or titanium alloy coating.
The specific process parameter that cold spraying prepares titanium layer is：
Working gas：Air, helium, nitrogen or mixed gas etc.；
(3) polishing or turning processing, final titanium layer thickness control is in 20um.
(4) inner surface of base material sprays non-sticking lining.
The composite pot tool prepared by the above method, is followed successively by from outside to inside：Titanium layer 20um/ ferromagnetism heats coating
0.2mm/ pot bodys metal layer (i.e. base material) 2.0mm/ non-sticking linings 30um.
By the above method prepare composite pot tool heating properties are excellent and fine corrosion resistance, stable electrical properties.
Embodiment 2
A method of composite pot tool is prepared, is included the following steps：
(1) base material pre-processes：
(or not selecting) may be selected, blasting treatment is carried out to cookware or cooker base material surface to be sprayed.To cookware outer surface
The impurity such as greasy dirt carry out oil removing degreasing (such as sodium hydroxide solution) processing；
(2) high pressure cold spraying prepares coating：
First, magnetic metallic powder cold spraying is prepared into cold spraying magnetic metallic layers in the outer surface of base material；
The technological parameter that cold spraying prepares magnetic metallic layers is：
Working gas：Air, helium, nitrogen or mixed gas etc.；
Secondly, it using cold spraying by fine-powders such as titaniums, is sprayed to higher kinetic energy high speed under the auxiliary of high-speed flow
Cookware to be sprayed.By strictly controlling the technological parameter of spraying, one layer of certain thickness titanium is prepared in magnetic metallic layers outer surface
And titanium alloy coating.
The specific process parameter that cold spraying prepares titanium layer is：
Working gas：Air, helium, nitrogen or mixed gas etc.；
(3) polishing or turning processing, finally, titanium layer thickness control is in 25um.
The composite pot tool prepared by the above method, is followed successively by from outside to inside:Titanium layer 25um/ ferromagnetism heats coating
0.25mm/ pot bodys metal layer (i.e. base material) 2.5mm.
By the above method prepare composite pot tool heating properties are excellent and fine corrosion resistance, stable electrical properties.
Embodiment 3
A method of composite pot tool is prepared, is included the following steps：
(1) base material pre-processes：
(or not selecting) may be selected, blasting treatment is carried out to cookware or cooker base material surface to be sprayed.To cookware outer surface
The impurity such as greasy dirt carry out oil removing degreasing (such as sodium hydroxide solution) processing.
(2) high pressure cold spraying prepares coating：
First, magnetic metallic powder cold spraying is prepared into cold spraying magnetic metallic layers in the outer surface of base material；
The technological parameter that cold spraying prepares magnetic metallic layers is：
Working gas：Air, helium, nitrogen or mixed gas etc.；
Secondly, it using cold spraying by fine-powders such as titaniums, is sprayed to higher kinetic energy high speed under the auxiliary of high-speed flow
Cookware to be sprayed.By strictly controlling the technological parameter of spraying, one layer of certain thickness titanium is prepared in magnetic metallic layers outer surface
And titanium alloy coating.
The specific process parameter that cold spraying prepares titanium layer is：
Working gas：Air, helium, nitrogen or mixed gas etc.；
(3) polishing or turning processing, finally, titanium layer thickness control is in 30um.
The composite pot tool prepared by the above method, is followed successively by from outside to inside:Titanium layer 30um/ ferromagnetism heats coating
0.3mm/ pot bodys metal layer (i.e. base material) 3.0mm.
By the above method prepare composite pot tool heating properties are excellent and fine corrosion resistance, stable electrical properties.
Embodiment 4
A method of composite pot tool is prepared, is included the following steps：
(1) base material pre-processes：
(or not selecting) may be selected, blasting treatment is carried out to cookware or cooker base material surface to be sprayed.To cookware outer surface
The impurity such as greasy dirt carry out oil removing degreasing (such as sodium hydroxide solution) processing.
(2) high pressure cold spraying prepares coating：
First, magnetic metallic powder cold spraying is prepared into cold spraying magnetic metallic layers in the outer surface of base material；
The technological parameter that cold spraying prepares magnetic metallic layers is：
Working gas：Air, helium, nitrogen or mixed gas etc.；
Secondly, it using cold spraying by fine-powders such as titaniums, is sprayed to higher kinetic energy high speed under the auxiliary of high-speed flow
Cookware to be sprayed.By strictly controlling the technological parameter of spraying, one layer of certain thickness titanium is prepared in magnetic metallic layers outer surface
And titanium alloy coating.
The specific process parameter that cold spraying prepares titanium layer is：
Working gas：Air, helium, nitrogen or mixed gas etc.；
(3) polishing or turning processing, finally, titanium layer thickness control is in 35um.
The composite pot tool of preparation
The composite pot tool prepared by the above method, is followed successively by from outside to inside：Titanium layer 35um/ ferromagnetism heats coating
0.4mm/ pot bodys metal layer (i.e. base material) 3.5mm.
By the above method prepare composite pot tool heating properties are excellent and fine corrosion resistance, stable electrical properties.
Embodiment 5
A method of composite pot tool is prepared, is included the following steps：
(1) base material pre-processes：
(or not selecting) may be selected, blasting treatment is carried out to cookware or cooker base material surface to be sprayed.To cookware outer surface
The impurity such as greasy dirt carry out oil removing degreasing (such as sodium hydroxide solution) processing.
(2) high pressure cold spraying prepares coating：
First, magnetic metallic powder cold spraying is prepared into cold spraying magnetic metallic layers in the outer surface of base material；
The technological parameter that cold spraying prepares magnetic metallic layers is：
Working gas：Air, helium, nitrogen or mixed gas etc.；
Secondly, it using cold spraying by fine-powders such as titaniums, is sprayed to higher kinetic energy high speed under the auxiliary of high-speed flow
Cookware to be sprayed.By strictly controlling the technological parameter of spraying, one layer of certain thickness titanium is prepared in magnetic metallic layers outer surface
And titanium alloy coating.
The specific process parameter that cold spraying prepares titanium layer is：
Working gas：Air, helium, nitrogen or mixed gas etc.；
(3) polishing or turning processing, titanium layer thickness control is in 15um.
The composite pot tool prepared by the above method, is followed successively by from outside to inside：Titanium layer 15um/ ferromagnetism heats coating
0.15mm/ pot bodys metal layer (i.e. base material) 2.0mm.
By the above method prepare composite pot tool heating properties are excellent and fine corrosion resistance, stable electrical properties.
Embodiment 1 to embodiment 5 can be as the interior pot of electric cooker.
The performance of cookware made from embodiment 1 to embodiment 5 is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
Neutral salt spray test concrete operation method is referred to national standard:GB/T2423.17-93 neutral salt spray test marks
Accurate (NSS).Wherein, H is writing a Chinese character in simplified form for chronomere hour.
Efficiency grade is according to GB 12021.6-2008 automatic electric rice cookers energy efficiency markets and efficiency grade.For in metal
Pot class automatic electric rice cooker, energy efficiency market are 4 grades of efficiency grade.
As can be seen from the above data, the cookware that prepared by the present invention has heating properties, corrosion resistance, and has electricity
The advantage that performance is stablized.
The cookware done at present using vacuum coating and using hot-spraying technique is the surface coating TiN in 430 stainless steels,
The thickness of TiN is generally 0.2-1.0um, and the testing result of neutral salt spray is only capable of passing through 24H.And cookware prepared by the present invention is neutral
Salt mist experiment can be significantly better than the cookware of existing method preparation by 96H, performance.
It is 1-10 microns that inventor has adjusted titanium powder granularity on the basis of embodiment 1, and the thickness of titanium layer is 40um, magnetic
Property metal layer thickness be 0.5mm, the thickness of base material is 4.0mm, remaining is same as Example 1, also can obtain and implement
The similar conclusion of example 1.
It is 1-10 microns that inventor has adjusted titanium powder granularity on the basis of embodiment 1, and the thickness of titanium layer is 40um, magnetic
Property metal layer thickness be 0.5mm, the thickness of base material is 0.5mm, remaining is same as Example 1, also can obtain and implement
The similar conclusion of example 1.
Inventor has adjusted the thickness of titanium layer and the thicknesses of layers of magnetic metallic layers on the basis of embodiment 3, titanium layer
Thickness is 40 microns, and the thicknesses of layers of magnetic metallic layers is 0.5mm, other are same as Example 3, can also obtain after testing with
The consistent conclusion of embodiment 3.
The technological parameter of cold spraying mainly include working gas, injection pressure, injection temperation, powder feeding rate, jet length,
Powder diameter etc..Binding force, coating composition unicity and structural homogenity, structure of these technological parameters to its coating and matrix
Compactness, surface roughness etc. have a significant impact.
On the basis of embodiment 1 different titanium layer thickness has been set separately, remaining is same as Example 1 in inventor.
The thickness of titanium layer is respectively that 5 microns, 10 microns, 15 microns, 25 microns, 30 microns, 35 microns, 40 microns, 45 microns and 50 are micro-
Rice, by the study found that the thickness setting of titanium layer is best in 20-40 microns of performances, if being less than 20 microns, under corrosion resistance
Drop, is susceptible to the problem of salt spray test result does not pass through；If being higher than 40 microns, it is susceptible to the problem of cost increases.
On the basis of embodiment 1 different injection pressure has been set separately, remaining is same as Example 1 in inventor.
It is respectively 0.5MPa, 0.8MPa, 1.5MPa, 2MPa, 2.5MPa, 3MPa, 3.5MPa, 4MPa and 4.5MPa to spray pressure, is passed through
The study found that be arranged the cookware performance prepared in 1-3.5Mpa best for injection pressure, if less than 1Mpa, the compactness of coating and
The problem of deposition rate declines, and being susceptible to the corrosion resistance of coating can decline；If be higher than 3.5Mpa, the compactness of coating and
Adhesive force declines, and is susceptible to the problem of coating cannot be declined by thermal shock and corrosion resistance.
Different injection temperations has been set separately on the basis of embodiment 1 in inventor, remaining is same as Example 1.
Injection temperation is respectively 300 DEG C, 350 DEG C, 450 DEG C, 500 DEG C, 550 DEG C, 600 DEG C, 650 DEG C, 700 DEG C and 750 DEG C, passes through research
It was found that be arranged the cookware performance prepared at 400-600 DEG C best for injection temperation, and if being less than 400 DEG C, the compactness of coating and attached
The problem of putting forth effort performance decline, being susceptible to corrosion resistance decline and thermal shock only；If being higher than 600 DEG C, coating is easy
The phenomenon that aoxidizing, coating corrosion resistance can decline.
Inventor has also carried out largely about working gas speed, powder feed rate, jet length in the course of the research
Screening experiment from, consumption parameters such as power and powder size, process is the study found that using " injection pressure 1-3.5MPa；Injection
400-600 DEG C of temperature；Working gas flow velocity 1-2m3/min；Powder conveying capacity 5-15kg/h；Jet length 10-50mm；Consume work(
Rate 15-55kW；The parameter area of 1-50 μm of powder size " is most suitable, is conducive to the heating properties, the corrosion resistance that improve cookware
Can, and have the advantages that stable electrical properties.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (24)
1. a kind of cooking apparatus, which is characterized in that including base material, magnetic metallic layers and titanium layer；The magnetic metallic layers are cold spray
It is coated in the coating of substrate outer surface, the titanium layer is coating of the cold spraying in magnetic metallic layers outer surface.
2. a kind of cooking apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thickness of the titanium layer is 20-40 microns.
3. a kind of cooking apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the porosity of the titanium layer is 0.05-0.20%.
4. according to a kind of any one of claim 1-3 cooking apparatus, which is characterized in that the material of the magnetic metallic layers is
Ferrimagnet, selected from any one of iron, cobalt, nickel, ferroalloy, cobalt alloy and nickel alloy.
5. according to a kind of any one of claim 1-3 cooking apparatus, which is characterized in that the thickness of the magnetic metallic layers is
0.2-0.5mm。
6. according to a kind of any one of claim 1-3 cooking apparatus, which is characterized in that the porosity of the magnetic metallic layers
For 0.05-0.20%.
7. according to a kind of any one of claim 1-3 cooking apparatus, which is characterized in that the material of the base material is closed selected from aluminium
One or more of gold, stainless steel, copper alloy and titanium alloy layer it is compound.
8. according to a kind of any one of claim 1-3 cooking apparatus, which is characterized in that the base material is for single layer of substrate material or again
Close base material.
9. according to a kind of any one of claim 1-3 cooking apparatus, which is characterized in that the thickness of the base material is 0.5-
4mm。
10. according to a kind of any one of claim 1-3 cooking apparatus, which is characterized in that the inner surface of the base material is also set
There is non-sticking lining.
11. according to a kind of any one of claim 1-3 cooking apparatus, which is characterized in that the cooking apparatus be cookware or
Cooker.
12. according to a kind of any one of claim 1-3 cooking apparatus, which is characterized in that the cooking apparatus further includes electricity
Magnetic induction coil, electromagnetic induction coil are located at the lower section and outside of base material, and magnetic metallic layers are located at bottom and the substrate side of base material
The lower part of wall, the height of the height of the side wall of magnetic metallic layers close to the side wall of electromagnetic induction coil.
13. according to a kind of cooking apparatus described in claim 12, which is characterized in that the side wall of the magnetic metallic layers is less than or height
Within the height 1.0cm of the side wall of electromagnetic induction coil.
14. a kind of preparation method of any one of claim 1-13 cooking apparatus, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
First by magnetic metallic powder by under the action of working gas cold spraying make the outer surface shape of base material in the outer surface of base material
At magnetic metallic layers；Secondly, by titanium valve or titanium alloy powder by under the action of working gas cold spraying in magnetic metallic layers
Outer surface, make magnetic metallic layers outer surface formed titanium layer.
15. according to the preparation method of cooking apparatus described in claim 14, which is characterized in that the working gas be selected from air,
The mixing of one or more of helium and nitrogen.
16. according to the preparation method of cooking apparatus described in claim 14, which is characterized in that when cold spraying, injection pressure is 1-
3.5MPa。
17. according to the preparation method of cooking apparatus described in claim 14, which is characterized in that when cold spraying, injection temperation is
400-600℃。
18. according to the preparation method of any one of the claim 14-17 cooking apparatus, which is characterized in that the stream of working gas
Speed is 1-2m3/min。
19. according to the preparation method of any one of the claim 14-17 cooking apparatus, which is characterized in that titanium valve or titanium alloy
The conveying capacity of powder is 5-15kg/h.
20. according to the preparation method of any one of the claim 14-17 cooking apparatus, which is characterized in that jet length 10-
50mm。
21. according to the preparation method of any one of the claim 14-17 cooking apparatus, which is characterized in that consumption power is 15-
55kW。
22. according to the preparation method of any one of the claim 14-17 cooking apparatus, which is characterized in that titanium valve or titanium alloy
The granularity of powder is 1-50 microns.
23. according to the preparation method of any one of the claim 14-17 cooking apparatus, which is characterized in that right before cold spraying
Base material surface to be sprayed carries out blasting treatment and oil removing ungrease treatment.
24. according to the preparation method of any one of the claim 14-17 cooking apparatus, which is characterized in that after cold spraying, also
Including titanium layer is polished or turning processing.
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| CN111349925A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-06-30 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Titanium alloy composite coating for engine blade and preparation method thereof |
| CN112998528A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-22 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | Container, preparation method and cooking utensil |
| CN114209203A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-22 | 爱仕达股份有限公司 | Cooking container and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114568954A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-06-03 | 爱仕达股份有限公司 | Cooking utensil and preparation method thereof |
| CN114645238A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-06-21 | 武汉苏泊尔炊具有限公司 | Cooking utensil and preparation method thereof |
| CN115474828A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-16 | 武汉苏泊尔炊具有限公司 | Magnetic conductive material for cookware, preparation method thereof and cookware comprising magnetic conductive material |
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