CN101578439B - 涡轮增压器 - Google Patents

涡轮增压器 Download PDF

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CN101578439B
CN101578439B CN2008800017077A CN200880001707A CN101578439B CN 101578439 B CN101578439 B CN 101578439B CN 2008800017077 A CN2008800017077 A CN 2008800017077A CN 200880001707 A CN200880001707 A CN 200880001707A CN 101578439 B CN101578439 B CN 101578439B
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compressor
mixing arrangement
turbosupercharger
exhaust
fresh air
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CN101578439A (zh
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S·穆恩兹
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BorgWarner Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/22—Control of the pumps by varying cross-section of exhaust passages or air passages, e.g. by throttling turbine inlets or outlets or by varying effective number of guide conduits
    • F02B37/225—Control of the pumps by varying cross-section of exhaust passages or air passages, e.g. by throttling turbine inlets or outlets or by varying effective number of guide conduits air passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/22—Control of the pumps by varying cross-section of exhaust passages or air passages, e.g. by throttling turbine inlets or outlets or by varying effective number of guide conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
    • F02M26/06—Low pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust downstream of the turbocharger turbine and reintroduced into the intake system upstream of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/17—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the intake system
    • F02M26/19—Means for improving the mixing of air and recirculated exhaust gases, e.g. venturis or multiple openings to the intake system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M29/00—Apparatus for re-atomising condensed fuel or homogenising fuel-air mixture
    • F02M29/04—Apparatus for re-atomising condensed fuel or homogenising fuel-air mixture having screens, gratings, baffles or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10209—Fluid connections to the air intake system; their arrangement of pipes, valves or the like
    • F02M35/10222—Exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]; Positive crankcase ventilation [PCV]; Additional air admission, lubricant or fuel vapour admission
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10242—Devices or means connected to or integrated into air intakes; Air intakes combined with other engine or vehicle parts
    • F02M35/10262—Flow guides, obstructions, deflectors or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M9/00—Carburettors having air or fuel-air mixture passage throttling valves other than of butterfly type; Carburettors having fuel-air mixing chambers of variable shape or position
    • F02M9/02—Carburettors having air or fuel-air mixture passage throttling valves other than of butterfly type; Carburettors having fuel-air mixing chambers of variable shape or position having throttling valves, e.g. of piston shape, slidably arranged transversely to the passage
    • F02M9/04—Carburettors having air or fuel-air mixture passage throttling valves other than of butterfly type; Carburettors having fuel-air mixing chambers of variable shape or position having throttling valves, e.g. of piston shape, slidably arranged transversely to the passage with throttling valves sliding in a plane inclined to the passage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
    • F02M26/15—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system in relation to engine exhaust purifying apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于内燃机(2)的涡轮增压器(1)，该涡轮增压器包括至少一条排气再循环管线(3)，经由该排气再循环管线的一个排气混合开口(12)进入内燃机(2)的一个进气管线(10)，该涡轮增压器进一步包括一台涡轮机(4)以及一台压缩机(5)，该压缩机可驱动地与涡轮机(4)相连接并且具有一个压缩机叶轮(6)，该压缩机叶轮被安置在压缩机壳体(7)中，进气管线(10)经由压缩机进气口(11)在压缩机壳体内排空，其中一个混合装置(18)被安置在排气混合开口(12)与压缩机进气口(11)之间的进气管线(10)中。

Description

涡轮增压器
技术领域
本发明涉及如权利要求1的前序部分的一种涡轮增压器。
背景技术
从DE 42 13 047中已知一种属类的涡轮增压器。
所述类型的涡轮增压器被用于内燃机中，为了遵循法律上规定的排气限度值，这些涡轮增压器在一个较宽的运行范围内将大量排气再循环进入发动机的进气管路。在目前的现有技术中这是通过所谓的高压排气再循环来进行的。在此方面低压侧排气再循环具有更大的潜力。这里，排气是在涡轮机的下游在从柴油颗粒过滤器排出之后被抽出并且经由一个调节阀(并且适当时经由一个冷却器)而被再循环进入排气涡轮增压器的压缩机上游的新鲜空气通道之中。这里，关于进入压缩机的尽可能最均匀的进气流，有利的是使再循环的排气与新鲜空气尽可能的完全地混合，但是在没有更进一步措施的注入的情况下，这将导致在进气管中非常长的混合路径。这增加了对于进口路径所要求的安装空间，但这样的空间在现代车辆的发动机舱内通常是不能提供的。
发明内容
因此，本发明的一个目的是创造如权利要求1的前序部分的一种用于内燃机的涡轮增压器，该涡轮增压器克服了上述缺点。
所述目的是通过权利要求1的这些特征实现的。
因此，在根据本发明的涡轮增压器的设计中所提供的方案是将某种混合装置安装在进气管线中以便获得尽可能最完全的再循环排气与新鲜空气的混合。所述混合装置被安排在进气管线中按照新鲜空气的流动方向所看到的排气混入开口的下游并且是压缩机进气口的上游。
从属权利要求涉及本发明的多项有利的改进。
附图说明
从以下的一个示例性实施方案的说明以及从附图中能够获得本发明的进一步的细节、优点和特征，在附图中：
图1示出根据本发明的涡轮增压器的一个示意性高度简化的截面图；
图2示出了以一个花形混合器的形式的混合装置的一个特别优选的实施方案的透视图解；
图3示出对应于图2的花形混合器一个图解，该图解示出两种不同物质流动的混合的数值模拟。
具体实施方式
图1中展示的涡轮增压器1具有一台涡轮机4，该涡轮机带有安排在涡轮机壳体13中的一个涡轮机叶轮14。所述涡轮机叶轮14经由一个转子轴15被连接到压缩机5的压缩机叶轮6上，该压缩机叶轮被安排在一个压缩机壳体7中。
来自发动机2的一条排气再循环管线3经由一个调节阀19和一个冷却器20引导通过一个排气混入开口12而进入发动机2的一条进气管线10。一个混合装置18，具体是一个花形混合器，通过一个混合器支架23被安排在进气管线10中压缩机进气口11上游处。由压缩机叶轮6压缩的在扩散器8中的空气的流动方向S的径向分量在此由箭头S表示。
同样展示的还有从压缩机排气口9到发动机2的一条供给管线16并且还有从发动机2到涡轮机壳体13的一条排气管线17。
通过根据本发明的排气再循环管线3的所述安排，排气AG被引导穿过排气混入开口12而进入进气管线10。在此，排气AG与新鲜空气FL相遇，并且所述排气AG与新鲜空气FL于是在新鲜空气FL的流动方向上通过混合装置18(具体是花形混合器)而被混合在一起。在这两种物质流几乎完全混合之后，该混合物流动穿过压缩机进气口11进入扩散器8。
图2展示了混合装置18，具体是花形混合器。该花形混合器在中央处具有一个流线型核心本体25并且还有一个环绕所述核心本体25的环形混合器本体21，并且在该环形混合器体上安排有多个流动导向板/混合器板22。
所述混合器板22的几何形状和安排在影响尽可能最完全的的混合方面是起作用的。为此目的，有必要对位于管线中心的核心流动径向向外地进行引导并且对位于外部边缘的二次流动径向向内地进行引导。作为这些混合器板的曲折设计的结果，产生了交错向内和向外的径向流动的分量，其结果是在所述两个流动之间的边界层被扩大并且因此发生更好的混合。
图3展示了通过安排在进气管线10中的一个花形混合器18的两个不同物质流动的混合的数值模拟。可以看出在花形混合器的上游存在着处于不同温度的两个清楚地分离的气体流动。大致在473K的相对温暖的再循环排气流是位于该管线的内部并且大致在297K的相对冷的进入空气流是位于外部边缘处。这两个气流的快速温度平衡直接发生在混合器的下游，这样产生了在从大致350K到390K的范围内的平均温度。
为补充本披露，明确提及在附图中的本发明的图解展示。
参考符号清单
1   涡轮增压器/排气涡轮增压器
2   发动机
3   排气再循环管线
4   涡轮机
5   压缩机
6   压缩机叶轮
7   压缩机壳体
8   扩散器
9   压缩机出气口
10  进气管线
11  压缩机进气口
12  排气混入开口
13  涡轮机壳体
14  涡轮机叶轮
15  转子轴
16  供给管线
17  排气管线
18  混合装置，具体是花形混合器
19  调节阀
20  冷却器
21  环形混合器本体
22  流动导向板/混合器板
23  混合器支架
24  柴油颗粒过滤器
25  中央流动本体
26  固定连结板
27  导向板的外部区域
AG  排气
FL  新鲜空气
S   压缩空气的流动方向

Claims (7)

1.用于内燃机(2)的一种涡轮增压器(1)，
-具有至少一个排气再循环管线(3)，该排气再循环管线经由一个排气混入开口(12)进入该内燃机(2)的一个进气管线(10)中；
-具有一台涡轮机(4)；并且
-具有一台压缩机(5)；
·该压缩机被驱动连接到该涡轮机(4)上，并且
·该压缩机具有一个压缩机叶轮(6)，该压缩机叶轮被安排在一个压缩机壳体(7)中，该进气管线(10)经由一个压缩机进气口(11)进入该压缩机壳体，
其特征在于，
-一个混合装置(18)被安排在该排气混入开口(12)与该压缩机进气口(11)之间的进气管线(10)中，其中在该混合装置之前排气(AG)与新鲜空气(FL)相遇，并且所述排气(AG)与新鲜空气(FL)在新鲜空气(FL)的流动方向上通过混合装置(18)而被混合在一起。
2.如权利要求1所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于，该混合装置(18)具有用于使一个核心流动加速的一个中央流动本体(25)。
3.如权利要求2所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于，该混合装置(18)径向向外地引导该内部核心流动。
4.如权利要求1到3之一所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于，该混合装置(18)具有多个曲折的导向板，用于径向向内地引导一个外部的、二次流动。
5.如权利要求4所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于，该混合装置(18)向外引导该核心流动并且向内引导该二次流动。
6.如权利要求1到5之一所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于，该混合装置(18)通过多个导向板的一个外部区域(27)和/或多个连结板(26)被固定到该进气管(10)中的环形混合器本体(21)上。
7.如权利要求1到6之一所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于，该混合装置(18)被实施为一种花形混合器。
CN2008800017077A 2007-02-05 2008-02-01 涡轮增压器 Expired - Fee Related CN101578439B (zh)

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DE112011100573T5 (de) 2010-02-17 2012-11-29 Borgwarner Inc. Turbolader
JP5747483B2 (ja) * 2010-11-16 2015-07-15 株式会社Ihi 低圧ループｅｇｒ装置
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JP5825791B2 (ja) * 2011-01-19 2015-12-02 三菱重工業株式会社 過給機およびこれを備えたディーゼル機関
EP3273065B1 (en) * 2015-03-17 2021-06-16 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Engine & Turbocharger, Ltd. Impeller for rotary machine, compressor, turbocharger, and method for manufacturing impeller for rotary machine
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JP6041943B2 (ja) * 2015-08-12 2016-12-14 三菱重工業株式会社 舶用ディーゼル機関用過給機およびこれを備えた舶用ディーゼル機関
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EP2118469A1 (de) 2009-11-18
CN101578439A (zh) 2009-11-11
US20100011765A1 (en) 2010-01-21
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