CN101561349B - Large gear detecting method and detecting device - Google Patents
Large gear detecting method and detecting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101561349B CN101561349B CN2009103030493A CN200910303049A CN101561349B CN 101561349 B CN101561349 B CN 101561349B CN 2009103030493 A CN2009103030493 A CN 2009103030493A CN 200910303049 A CN200910303049 A CN 200910303049A CN 101561349 B CN101561349 B CN 101561349B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large gear detecting method with high efficiency and high measurement accuracy, and a detecting device. The method adopts a coordinate method. A rotating device is used for rotating a detected gear; a length measuring device is used for detecting the toothed outline of the detected gear; the change of the relative position between a reference axial line of the detected gear and the length measuring device is determined by a laser tracker; and then the change value, the data collected by the length measuring device and the rotational angle data of the rotating device are processed so as to obtain geometric errors of the detected gear. The detecting device comprises the rotating device used for positioning the detected gear, the length measuring device used for detecting the toothed outline of the detected gear, and the laser tracker used for determining the change of the relative position between the reference axial line of the detected gear and the length measuring device. The invention innovatively combines the laser tracking technology with the large gear coordinate measurement, and realizes accurate and quick measurement to a plurality of errors of the large gear by using the coordinate method.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the error measure field of large gear, be specifically related to a kind of detection method and pick-up unit of large gear.
Background technology
The error project of the required detection of gear is a lot, and measuring method also has many kinds, and coordinate method is comparatively common method, and its concrete inspection specification is referring to State Standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T13924-92.Coordinate method can detect the composition error of gear, its measuring principle is to utilize the whirligig support and make tested gear rotation, and utilize measuring motion that tested tooth-formation of gear profile is detected, then the angular displacement of whirligig collection and the straight-line displacement amount of measuring motion collection are handled, form the global error curve, on this curve, can draw the geometric error of the multiple project of tested gear by the error definition.This method measuring accuracy height, data are directly perceived, and a table apparatus can be measured multiple parameters, the efficient height.
For the gear of outside diameter circle, can utilize universal gear measuring machine to adopt coordinate method to measure at present less than 450mm.And for the large gear of diameter greater than 450mm, because the quality of tested gear is big, bad support, therefore the installing and locating of tested gear on whirligig is very difficult, and the datum axis of the tested gear of very difficult assurance and the rotation center of whirligig are in full accord.Like this, after whirligig rotates to an angle, tested gear will serve as that axle deflects with the rotation center of whirligig, thereby the datum axis of tested gear and the relative position between the measuring motion are changed when measuring.Because up to the present the existence of the problems referred to above, does not also have measurement mechanism can carry out the measurement of large gear with coordinate method.At present, measure the method that the classic method of large gear is to use conventional measurer (milscale, slide calliper rule, dial gauge etc.) to measure, method falls behind, and measures inaccurately, and efficient is extremely low.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters solved by the invention is: detection method and pick-up unit that a kind of efficient and large gear that measuring accuracy is high is provided.
The technical scheme that solves the problems of the technologies described above is:
The detection method of large gear, adopt coordinate method, utilize whirligig to make tested gear rotation, and utilize measuring motion that tested tooth-formation of gear profile is detected, the datum axis of tested gear and the relative position between the measuring motion change by laser tracker to be determined, the data that this changing value and measuring motion are gathered and the anglec of rotation data of whirligig are handled then, thereby draw the geometric error of tested gear.
For realizing said method, the invention provides a kind of pick-up unit of large gear, this device comprises the whirligig that is used to lay tested gear, is used for the measuring motion that tested tooth-formation of gear profile is detected and is used for determining the datum axis of tested gear and the laser tracker that the relative position between the measuring motion changes.
Further be, the operation of whirligig and measuring motion is controlled by switch board, and laser tracker is controlled by control box, and the signal output part of described switch board and control box is connected with data handling system respectively.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the invention laser tracking technology is combined with the coordinate method measurement of large gear, by laser tracker determine and unified measuring motion and tested gear between relative position relation, thereby datum axis and the relative position between the measuring motion of determining the tested gear that is caused because of rotation change, and then when carrying out data processing, the relative position changing value between tested gear and the measuring motion is compensated, thereby realize with coordinate method quickly and accurately to the multinomial error of large gear, comprise tooth error, tooth alignment error, the tooth pitch deviation, base pitch error engagement composition error, global errors etc. are measured, and have solved the difficult problem of present large gear error measure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of gear pick-up unit of the present invention.
Be labeled as among the figure: measuring motion 1, three coordinate measuring machine 2, tested gear 3, laser tracker 4, data handling system 5, switch board 6, rotary table 7, whirligig 8, laser tracker target mirror 9, survey termination 10, control box 11.
X, Y, Z represent the coordinate direction of three coordinate measuring machine among the figure, and C represents the sense of rotation of rotary table and gear.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in Figure 1, the detection method of large gear of the present invention, adopt coordinate method, utilize whirligig 8 to make tested gear 3 rotations, and utilize the tooth profile of 1 pair of tested gear 3 of measuring motion to detect, relative position between the datum axis of tested gear 3 and the measuring motion 1 changes by laser tracker 4 to be determined, the data that this changing value and measuring motion 1 are gathered and the anglec of rotation data of whirligig 8 are handled then, thereby draws the geometric error of tested gear 3.The position that can measure the datum axis and the measuring motion 1 of tested gear 3 by laser tracker 4, thus measuring motion 1 and tested gear 3 are unified in the coordinate system.When 3 rotation of tested gear and certain deflection takes place after, can measure the change in location of tested gear 3 datum axis by laser tracker 4, can calculate the datum axis and the variation of the relative position between the measuring motion 1 of tested gear 3 thus.This method is by the relative position relation between laser tracker 4 definite and unified measuring motions 1 and the tested gear 3, thereby determining the tested gear 3 and the relative position between the measuring motion 1 that are caused because of rotation changes, and then when carrying out data processing, the relative position variable quantity between tested gear 3 and the measuring motion 1 is compensated, thereby realize quickly and accurately the multinomial error of large gear being measured with coordinate method.
As a kind of specific implementation of said method, it comprises the steps:
1) tested gear 3 is installed on the whirligig 8;
2) pass through the position that laser tracker 4 is determined measuring motions 1 and tested gear 3;
3) utilize measuring motion 1 to detect the tooth profile of tested gear 3 top teeth;
4) by whirligig 8 tested gear 3 is rotated to an angle;
5) determine the position of the tested gear 3 in rotation back by laser tracker 4, thereby the datum axis and the relative position between the measuring motion 1 that obtain tested gear 3 change;
6) operation of repeating step 3～step 5, the tooth profile of whole teeth on the circumference of measuring tested gear 3;
7) data are handled, drawn the geometric error of tested gear 3.
Above-mentioned steps 2) in, the position of definite respectively measuring motion 1 of employing laser tracker 4 and tested gear 3 can be unified in measuring motion 1 and tested gear 3 in the coordinate system, thereby determines the relative position relation between measuring motion 1 and the tested gear 3.Like this, when carrying out step 5), because the position of measuring motion 1 remains unchanged, tested gear 3 changes because of the inconsistent position of tested gear 3 that causes of the rotation center of its datum axis and whirligig 8 in rotary course, determine the position of rotation back tested gear 3 by laser tracker 4 this moment, thereby the datum axis and the relative position between the measuring motion 1 that can obtain tested gear 3 change.In step 7), the data that collect are handled, each change in displacement of rotating the tested gear 3 in back is compensated, finally can draw the geometric error of tested gear 3.
When carrying out step 1), be preferably in and make the datum axis of tested gear 3 and the rotation center basically identical of whirligig 8 when tested gear 3 is installed.That can try one's best like this reduces tested gear 3 because of rotating the change in displacement that is produced, and improves measuring accuracy.
Measure for convenience, measuring motion 1 uses three coordinate measuring machine 2, the target mirror is placed on the survey termination 10 of three coordinate measuring machine 2, the X of motion three coordinate measuring machine 2, Y, Z axle respectively, thereby record the axis and the true origin thereof of three coordinates of three coordinate measuring machine 2 by laser tracker 4, thereby determine the position of three coordinate measuring machine 2.Powerful, measuring accuracy advantages of higher that three coordinate measuring machine 2 has can comprehensively be measured the tooth profile of tested gear 3, improves the accuracy of testing result.
In step 2) and step 5) in all need to determine the position of tested gears 3 by laser tracker 4.Specifically can adopt by laser tracker 4 and determine that the mode of the datum axis of tested gears 3 determines the position of tested gear 3.In order to determine the datum axis of tested gear 3, tested gear 3 is static, cylinder reference field and end standard face that laser tracker target mirror 9 is close to gear move, and at this moment the movement locus of target mirror has characterized the geometric properties of gear, determines the position of datum axis with this.
For convenience of last data processing, the data of being gathered by datum axis and the relative position delta data between the measuring motion 1, the measuring motion 1 of 5 pairs of tested gears 3 of data handling system and the anglec of rotation data of whirligig 8 are handled, thereby draw the geometric error of tested gear 3.
As Fig. 1, the pick-up unit of large gear of the present invention comprises the whirligig 8 that is used to lay tested gear 3, is used for the measuring motion 1 that the tooth profile to tested gear 3 detects and is used for determining the datum axis of tested gear 3 and the laser tracker 4 of the variation of the relative position between the measuring motion 1.
For realizing the robotization of control and data processing, the operation of whirligig 8 and measuring motion 1 is controlled by switch board 6, and the operation of laser tracker 4 is controlled by control box 12.The signal output part of described switch board 6 and control box 12 is connected with data handling system 5 respectively.Like this, switch board 6 is input to the measurement data of measuring motion 1 and the anglec of rotation data of whirligig 8 in the data handling system 5, handle in the data input data processing system 5 that control box 12 measures laser tracker 4 simultaneously, data handling system 5 draws the detected parameters of tested gear 3 by the Survey Software of special use.
Wherein, measuring motion 1 adopts three coordinate measuring machine 2, and whirligig 8 adopts the rotary table 7 of band angle displacement sensor.The signal output part of the three coordinate measuring machine 2 and the angle displacement sensor of rotary table 7 is connected with data handling system 5 respectively.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model large gear pick-up unit, comprise three coordinate measuring machine 2, place tested gear 3 rotary table 7, laser tracker 4 and laser tracker target mirror 9 (or Intelligent Composite gauge head), switch board 6, have the data handling system 5 of special measurement software.Form a measuring system by above-mentioned these devices.Measuring process is:
The first step: tested gear 4 is placed on the rotary table 7, makes the two rotation center basically identical.
Second step: laser tracker target mirror 9 is placed on the survey termination 10 of three coordinate measuring machine 2, move respectively X, Y, Z axle can record axis and true origin thereof at 2 three coordinates of three coordinate measuring machine by laser tracker 4.
The 3rd step:, can record the datum axis of tested gear 3 by laser tracker 4 with the reference field of the tested gear 4 of laser tracker target mirror 9 measurements.
The 4th step: the toothed wheel profile of measuring tested gear 4 top teeth with the electronics gauge head on the three coordinate measuring machine 2.
The 5th step: switch board 6 control rotary tables 7 drive tested gear 3 and rotate a certain angle.And with the switch board that is recorded in of the anglec of rotation.
The 6th step: repeat～the five step of the 3rd step, up to the toothed wheel profile that records the whole teeth on tested gear 3 circumference.
The 7th step: the datum axis and the relative position delta data between the three coordinate measuring machine 2 of the toothed wheel profile data that three coordinate measuring machine 2 is gathered, the anglec of rotation data of rotary table 7 and the tested gear 3 determined by laser tracker 4 are passed in the data handling system 5, by the special software Treatment Analysis, obtain the geometric error data of gear.
Claims (10)
1. the detection method of large gear, adopt coordinate method, utilize whirligig (8) to make tested gear (3) rotation, and utilize measuring motion (1) that the tooth profile of tested gear (3) is detected, it is characterized in that: the relative position between the datum axis of tested gear (3) and the measuring motion (1) changes by laser tracker (4) to be determined, the data that this changing value and measuring motion (1) are gathered and the anglec of rotation data of whirligig (8) are handled then, thereby draw the geometric error of tested gear (3).
2. the detection method of large gear as claimed in claim 1 comprises the steps:
1) tested gear (3) is installed on the whirligig (8);
2) determine the position of measuring motion (1) and tested gear (3) by laser tracker (4);
3) utilize measuring motion (1) to detect the tooth profile of tested gear (3) top tooth;
4) by whirligig (8) tested gear (3) is rotated to an angle;
5) determine the position of the rotation tested gear in back (3) by laser tracker (4), thereby the datum axis and the relative position between the measuring motion (1) that obtain tested gear (3) change;
6) repeating step 3)～operation of step 5), whole tooth profile of teeth on the circumference of measuring tested gear (3);
7) data are handled, drawn the geometric error of tested gear (3).
3. the detection method of large gear as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: in step 1), make the datum axis of tested gear (3) and the rotation center basically identical of whirligig (8) when tested gear (3) is installed.
4. the detection method of large gear as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: measuring motion (1) uses three coordinate measuring machine (2), the target mirror is placed on the survey termination (10) of three coordinate measuring machine (2), X, the Y of motion three coordinate measuring machine (2), Z axle respectively, thereby record the axis and the true origin thereof of three coordinates of three coordinate measuring machine (2) by laser tracker (4), thereby determine the position of three coordinate measuring machine (2).
5. the detection method of large gear as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: determine the datum axis of tested gear (3) by laser tracker (4), thereby determine the position of tested gear (3).
6. the detection method of large gear as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the data of datum axis and the relative position changing value between the measuring motion (1), the measuring motion (1) of tested gear (3) being gathered by data handling system (5) and the anglec of rotation data of whirligig (8) are handled, thereby draw the geometric error of tested gear (3).
7. the pick-up unit of large gear, comprise the whirligig (8) that is used to lay tested gear (3) and be used for the measuring motion (1) that the tooth profile to tested gear (3) detects, it is characterized in that: also comprise being used for determining the datum axis of tested gear (3) and the laser tracker (4) of the variation of the relative position between the measuring motion (1).
8. the pick-up unit of large gear as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: the operation of whirligig (8) and measuring motion (1) is controlled by switch board (6), laser tracker (4) is controlled by control box (11), and the signal output part of described switch board (6) and control box (11) is connected with data handling system (5) respectively.
9. as the pick-up unit of claim 7 or 8 described large gears, it is characterized in that: measuring motion (1) adopts three coordinate measuring machine (2).
10. as the pick-up unit of claim 7 or 8 described large gears, it is characterized in that: whirligig (8) adopts the rotary table (7) of band angle displacement sensor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009103030493A CN101561349B (en) | 2009-06-08 | 2009-06-08 | Large gear detecting method and detecting device |
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| CN2009103030493A CN101561349B (en) | 2009-06-08 | 2009-06-08 | Large gear detecting method and detecting device |
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| CN101561349A CN101561349A (en) | 2009-10-21 |
| CN101561349B true CN101561349B (en) | 2011-01-26 |
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Address after: 610000 Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone (Longquanyi District) 333 South Road, Sichuan Province Patentee after: Aipei Instrument Measuring Equipment Co., Ltd. Address before: 610101 Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, Longquan District, Damian Chenglong Avenue Section 2 via 333 Kainan Road Patentee before: A-pex instrument measuring precision instruments Co. Ltd. (Chengdu) |
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