CN103278107B - The device and method of laser scanning grating compensating measure gear pattern - Google Patents
The device and method of laser scanning grating compensating measure gear pattern Download PDFInfo
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- CN103278107B CN103278107B CN201310189896.8A CN201310189896A CN103278107B CN 103278107 B CN103278107 B CN 103278107B CN 201310189896 A CN201310189896 A CN 201310189896A CN 103278107 B CN103278107 B CN 103278107B
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- turntable
- grating scale
- displacement
- mandrel
- displacement sensor
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Abstract
The device and method of laser scanning grating compensating measure gear pattern belongs to technical field of laser detection.Prior art measuring accuracy is low.The measurement mechanism of the present invention refers to form displacement zero measurement system by laser displacement sensor and catoptron; Angular displacement sensor, z are connected with special microprocessor respectively to grating scale, main regulation grating scale and fine adjustment grating scale.In the measuring method of the present invention, calibration measurements means and is placed on Workpiece carrier turntable by mandrel, turntable revolute drags mandrel and rotates, and the adjustment position of mandrel on Workpiece carrier turntable, until mandrel is at all-round rotary course SMIS jack-post face and laser displacement sensor displacement D
3all the time 0 is designated as, mandrel axis and the dead in line of turntable revolute, using main regulation grating scale at this moment, z to grating scale, fine adjustment optical grating ruler measurement position as zero-bit; The coordinate that gear under test measures cross section tested point is: z=D
1,
θ=α; Displacement zero measurement system zero refers to adjustment main regulation mechanism and fine adjustment mechanism, makes the displacement D of gear under test measured surface and laser displacement sensor
3be 0.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device and method of laser scanning grating compensating measure gear pattern, field prototype gear pattern is manufactured at gear precision, according to the angular displacement obtained in measuring process, displacement of the lines data, reconstruct gear pattern, afterwards with the comparison of design of gears pattern, provide gear pattern geometric error, belong to technical field of laser detection.
Background technology
Gear pattern is the important errors index evaluating gear, the pattern geometric error of the single flank of tooth of gear can be characterized, the stationarity of reflection gear pair transmission campaign, the contact precision of Indirect evaluation gear pair, analyzes gear error source, control gear transmission quality thus.
A kind of gear pattern laser measuring technique relevant with the present invention is as follows:
The one section of document being entitled as " laser gear measurement machine " (Dai Runsheng) published in " abroad measuring " phase nineteen eighty-two the 1st the 13rd page discloses a laser gear measurement machine manufactured by Canadian Diffracto company.This measuring instrument has one the measuring head of movement in fixed pan and one can place the turntable of gear under test, and described measuring head is a kind of laser displacement sensor.Described turntable can be parallel to the rotation with in surface of measurement datum, when gear under test rotates with turntable, by detection of reflected light beam, measuring head can measure the coordinate of gear under test measured point, the signal that the angle signal transmitted from turntable and measuring head export is delivered to special microprocessor with same way, described signal, as raw data, through data processing, obtains gear pattern geometric error.Due to the nonlinear measurement characteristic of laser displacement sensor self, when different gear under test sizes difference is larger, its measurement range is also larger, the offset error of the measurement characteristics curve and desirable linear response that cause its reality increases, reduce the linearity of laser displacement sensor, thus reduce gear pattern measuring accuracy.In addition, this measuring instrument can only measure outer rotor.
Summary of the invention
In order to adapt to gear size, the gear kind of gear under test, making the linearity that laser displacement sensor keeps higher, improving gear pattern measuring accuracy, we have invented a kind of device and method of laser scanning grating compensating measure gear pattern.
Its Workpiece carrier turntable 9 of device of the laser scanning grating compensating measure gear pattern of the present invention is supported by turntable revolute 10, as shown in Figure 1, at turntable revolute 10 lower end established angle displacement transducer 11, the axis of turntable revolute 10 is Department of Survey's z-axis, it is characterized in that, the displacement measurement light exit of laser displacement sensor 7 is towards catoptron 8, and the displacement measurement optical axis reflected through catoptron 8 to be positioned at above Workpiece carrier turntable 9 and vertical with z-axis; Fine adjustment mechanism 5 one side joint laser displacement sensor 7, another side joint fine adjustment grating scale 6; Z is to governor motion 3 one side joint fine adjustment mechanism 5 and catoptron 8, and another side joint z is to grating scale 4; Main regulation mechanism 1 one side joint z to governor motion 3, another side joint main regulation grating scale 2; Displacement zero measurement system is formed by laser displacement sensor 7 and catoptron 8; Angular displacement sensor 11, z are connected with special microprocessor respectively to grating scale 4, main regulation grating scale 2 and fine adjustment grating scale 6.
The measuring process that the method for the laser scanning grating compensating measure gear pattern of the present invention comprises has gear position centering, cross-sectional scans and data processing, measurement is cylindrical measurement system O-z ρ θ, z is the axis direction of turntable revolute 10, ρ is the direction with the axes normal of turntable revolute 10, θ is that gear under test measures tested point orientation, cross section, it is characterized in that, as shown in Figure 1:
One, calibration measurements system before gear position centering, is placed in mandrel 12 on Workpiece carrier turntable 9, and adjustment main regulation mechanism 1 and z are to governor motion 3, and the displacement measurement light that laser displacement sensor 7 is launched is irradiated on mandrel 12 cylinder; Turntable revolute 10 drags mandrel 12 and rotates, the displacement D of mandrel 12 cylinder that observation laser displacement sensor 7 shows and laser displacement sensor 7
3, adjust the position of mandrel 12 on Workpiece carrier turntable 9, until mandrel 12 displacement D described in all-round rotary course simultaneously
3all the time 0 is designated as, mandrel 12 axis and turntable revolute 10 dead in line, using main regulation grating scale 2 at this moment, z to grating scale 4, fine adjustment grating scale 6 measuring position as zero-bit; The coordinate that gear under test measures cross section tested point is:
In formula: D
1, D
0, D
2be respectively the displacement that z measures to grating scale 4, main regulation grating scale 2, fine adjustment grating scale 6, d
0for mandrel 12 diameter, α is the angular displacement that angular displacement sensor 11 is measured;
Two, after gear position centering, before cross-sectional scans, displacement zero measurement system made zero, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, adjustment main regulation mechanism 1 and fine adjustment mechanism 5, makes the displacement D of gear under test 13 measured surface and laser displacement sensor 7
3be 0.
Its technique effect of the present invention is, a displacement zero measurement system is formed by laser displacement sensor 7 and catoptron 8, although like this because the gear size of gear under test causes the zero-bit of null displacement measuring system to change, but, by adjustment main regulation mechanism 1 and fine adjustment mechanism 5, displacement zero measurement system is made zero again, measure in cross-sectional scans process at gear under test afterwards, no longer provide tested point ρ coordinate figure by laser displacement sensor 7, but the displacement D provided by main regulation grating scale 2, fine adjustment grating scale 6
0, displacement D
2measurement data, then calculate tested point ρ coordinate figure by formula (1).Laser displacement sensor 7 is displacement zero measurement system element, is not re-used as the measurement component that gear under test measures cross section tested point ρ coordinate figure.Main regulation grating scale 2, fine adjustment grating scale 6 substitutes laser displacement sensor 7 becomes measurement component, and from measurement mechanism in general, or from measuring method overall process, in fact described two grating scales play a kind of compensating action.In measuring process, laser displacement sensor 7 is only at very little operated within range, and therefore, the linearity is very high; In addition, because the measuring accuracy of grating scale is much larger than the precision of laser displacement sensor, therefore, final gear pattern measuring accuracy significantly improves.When the size of gear under test is different, equally first displacement zero measurement system is made zero, then complete measurement by grating scale, therefore, the invention enables gear size measurement range expanded.The employing of catoptron 8, one is the pattern of dissimilar gear the present invention can being measured comprise outer rotor, annular wheel, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3; Two is make gear under test 13 away from laser displacement sensor 7, avoids accidental collision and damages expensive laser displacement sensor.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the measurement mechanism structural representation of the present invention and Department of Survey's calibration process schematic diagram of measuring method, and this figure is simultaneously as Figure of abstract.Fig. 2 adopts the measuring method of the present invention to measure outer rotor process schematic.Fig. 3 adopts the measuring method of the present invention to measure annular wheel process schematic.
Embodiment
Its Workpiece carrier turntable 9 of device of the laser scanning grating compensating measure gear pattern of the present invention is supported by turntable revolute 10, and as shown in Figure 1, at turntable revolute 10 lower end established angle displacement transducer 11, the axis of turntable revolute 10 is Department of Survey's z-axis.Workpiece carrier turntable 9 upper center portion is provided with convolution space 14, for holding catoptron 8 when measuring annular wheel, as shown in Figure 3.Angular displacement sensor 11 is taken on by scrambler.The displacement measurement light exit of laser displacement sensor 7 is towards catoptron 8, and the displacement measurement optical axis reflected through catoptron 8 to be positioned at above Workpiece carrier turntable 9 and vertical with z-axis.Fine adjustment mechanism 5 one side joint laser displacement sensor 7, another side joint fine adjustment grating scale 6.Z is to governor motion 3 one side joint fine adjustment mechanism 5 and catoptron 8, and another side joint z is to grating scale 4.Main regulation mechanism 1 one side joint z to governor motion 3, another side joint main regulation grating scale 2.Main regulation mechanism 1, z are screw-nut body to governor motion 3, fine adjustment mechanism 5.Displacement zero measurement system is formed by laser displacement sensor 7 and catoptron 8.Angular displacement sensor 11, z are connected with special microprocessor respectively to grating scale 4, main regulation grating scale 2 and fine adjustment grating scale 6, described special microprocessor is Data collection and precessing system, the original coordinates data picking up from angular displacement sensor 11, z measures cross section tested point to the gear under test of grating scale 4, main regulation grating scale 2 and fine adjustment grating scale 6 are carried out data processing, obtains gear under test pattern geometric error.
In the method for the laser scanning grating compensating measure gear pattern of the present invention, measurement is cylindrical measurement system O-z ρ θ, z is the axis direction of turntable revolute 10, and ρ is the direction with the axes normal of turntable revolute 10, and θ is that gear under test measures tested point orientation, cross section.This measuring method specifically comprises the following steps:
One, calibration measurements system
Be placed in by mandrel 12 on Workpiece carrier turntable 9, described mandrel 12 is standards, has a standard cylinder, and adjustment main regulation mechanism 1 and z are to governor motion 3, and the displacement measurement light that laser displacement sensor 7 is launched is irradiated on mandrel 12 cylinder; Turntable revolute 10 drags mandrel 12 and rotates, the displacement D of mandrel 12 cylinder that observation laser displacement sensor 7 shows and laser displacement sensor 7
3, adjust the position of mandrel 12 on Workpiece carrier turntable 9, until mandrel 12 displacement D described in all-round rotary course simultaneously
3all the time 0 is designated as, mandrel 12 axis and turntable revolute 10 dead in line, using main regulation grating scale 2 at this moment, z to grating scale 4, fine adjustment grating scale 6 measuring position as zero-bit; The coordinate that gear under test measures cross section tested point is:
In formula: D
1, D
0, D
2be respectively the displacement that z measures to grating scale 4, main regulation grating scale 2, fine adjustment grating scale 6, d
0for mandrel 12 diameter, α is the angular displacement that angular displacement sensor 11 is measured.
Two, gear position centering
When gear under test 13 is outer rotor, be placed in by gear under test 13 on Workpiece carrier turntable 9, z is to governor motion 3 in adjustment, makes displacement measurement illumination be mapped on certain cross section of gear under test 13, as shown in Figure 2.When gear under test 13 is annular wheel, gear under test 13 is placed on Workpiece carrier turntable 9, z is to governor motion 3 in adjustment, make position catoptron 8 moved on to higher than gear under test 13, adjust main regulation mechanism 2 again, catoptron 8 is made to move to above the convolution space 14 of Workpiece carrier turntable 9 upper center portion, again adjust z to governor motion 3, catoptron 8 is moved down and drops in gear under test 13 and in described convolution space 14, make displacement measurement illumination be mapped on certain cross section of gear under test 13, as shown in Figure 3 simultaneously.Turntable revolute 10 drags gear under test 13 and rotates, if gear under test 13 outer rotor external diameter or annular wheel internal diameter and catoptron 8 interfere, then adjust the position of gear under test 13 on Workpiece carrier turntable 9, until do not interfere, complete gear under test 13 position centering.
Three, displacement zero measurement system zero
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, adjustment main regulation mechanism 1 and fine adjustment mechanism 5, make the displacement D of gear under test 13 measured surface and laser displacement sensor 7
3be 0.
Four, cross-sectional scans
Turntable revolute 10 drags gear under test 13 and rotates, and adjustment fine adjustment mechanism 5, makes gear under test 13 relative to the displacement D of laser displacement sensor 7
3be 0, the displacement that now main regulation grating scale 2, fine adjustment grating scale 6 show is respectively displacement D
0, displacement D
2, from gear under test 13 rotates, record the coordinate sequence (z in a cross section of gear under test 13
1(t), ρ
1(t), θ
1(t)), t is the time.After a measurement cross-sectional scans terminates, again adjust z to governor motion 3, make displacement measurement illumination be mapped to the next cross section of gear under test 13, and record the coordinate sequence (z in this cross section
2(t), ρ
2(t), θ
2(t)), complete all cross-sectional scans successively, record the coordinate sequence (z in all cross sections
i(t), ρ
i(t), θ
i(t)) (i=1,2,3...n), wherein n is the scanning cross-section quantity of gear under test 13, and i is ordinal number.
Five, data processing
By the coordinate sequence (z of Data collection and precessing system by all cross sections
i(t), ρ
i(t), θ
i(t)) (i=1,2,3...n) carry out data processing, obtains the pattern geometric error of gear under test 13.
Claims (6)
1. the device of a laser scanning grating compensating measure gear pattern, its Workpiece carrier turntable (9) is supported by turntable revolute (10), in turntable revolute (10) lower end established angle displacement transducer (11), the axis of turntable revolute (10) is Department of Survey's z-axis, it is characterized in that, the displacement measurement light exit of laser displacement sensor (7) is towards catoptron (8), and the displacement measurement optical axis reflected through catoptron (8) is positioned at Workpiece carrier turntable (9) top and vertical with z-axis; Fine adjustment mechanism (5) one side joint laser displacement sensor (7), another side joint fine adjustment grating scale (6); Z is to governor motion (3) side joint fine adjustment mechanism (5) and catoptron (8), and another side joint z is to grating scale (4); Main regulation mechanism (1) one side joint z to governor motion (3), another side joint main regulation grating scale (2); Displacement zero measurement system is formed by laser displacement sensor (7) and catoptron (8); Angular displacement sensor (11), z are connected with special microprocessor respectively to grating scale (4), main regulation grating scale (2) and fine adjustment grating scale (6).
2. the device of laser scanning grating compensating measure gear pattern according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, angular displacement sensor (11) is taken on by scrambler.
3. the device of laser scanning grating compensating measure gear pattern according to claim 1, is characterized in that, main regulation mechanism (1), z are screw-nut body to governor motion (3), fine adjustment mechanism (5).
4. the device of laser scanning grating compensating measure gear pattern according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described special microprocessor is Data collection and precessing system.
5. one kind uses the method for the laser scanning grating compensating measure gear pattern of the device of the laser scanning grating compensating measure gear pattern described in claim 1, the measuring process comprised has gear position centering, cross-sectional scans and data processing, measurement is cylindrical measurement system O-z ρ θ, z is the axis direction of turntable revolute (10), ρ is the direction with the axes normal of turntable revolute (10), θ is that gear under test measures tested point orientation, cross section, it is characterized in that:
A, before gear position centering calibration measurements system, mandrel (12) is placed on Workpiece carrier turntable (9), adjustment main regulation mechanism (1) and z are to governor motion (3), and the displacement measurement light that laser displacement sensor (7) is launched is irradiated on mandrel (12) cylinder; Turntable revolute (10) drags mandrel (12) and rotates, the displacement D of mandrel (12) cylinder that observation laser displacement sensor (7) shows and laser displacement sensor (7)
3, adjust the position of mandrel (12) on Workpiece carrier turntable (9), until mandrel (12) displacement D described in all-round rotary course simultaneously
3all the time 0 is designated as, mandrel (12) axis and turntable revolute (10) dead in line, using main regulation grating scale (2) at this moment, z to grating scale (4), fine adjustment grating scale (6) measuring position as zero-bit; The coordinate that gear under test measures cross section tested point is:
In formula: D
1, D
0, D
2be respectively the displacement that z measures to grating scale (4), main regulation grating scale (2), fine adjustment grating scale (6), d
0for mandrel (12) diameter, α is the angular displacement that angular displacement sensor (11) is measured;
B, after gear position centering, before cross-sectional scans, displacement zero measurement system is made zero, adjustment main regulation mechanism (1) and fine adjustment mechanism (5), make the displacement D of gear under test (13) measured surface and laser displacement sensor (7)
3be 0.
6. the method for laser scanning grating compensating measure gear pattern according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described mandrel (12) is a standard, has a standard cylinder.
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CN104985483B (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2017-09-12 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of method for improving large gear circular pitch deviation on-machine measurement precision |
CN108759686A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-11-06 | 浙江朗奥物流科技有限公司 | A kind of roller Geometrical Parameter Testing experimental rig |
CN116499372B (en) * | 2023-07-03 | 2023-10-03 | 沈阳仪表科学研究院有限公司 | System and method for measuring geometric dimension of expansion joint of metal corrugated pipe |
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2013
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JP2002107142A (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-04-10 | Japan Gear Manufactures Association | Gear-measuring machine |
CN101561349A (en) * | 2009-06-08 | 2009-10-21 | 爱佩仪中测(成都)精密仪器有限公司 | Large gear detecting method and detecting device |
CN202149755U (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2012-02-22 | 唐大春 | Laser detection device for gear parameters |
CN103075991A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-05-01 | 中国计量学院 | Measuring device for super-large type gear and measuring method thereof |
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