CN101553648B - 具有选择性催化还原反应器的大型增压柴油发动机 - Google Patents

具有选择性催化还原反应器的大型增压柴油发动机 Download PDF

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CN101553648B
CN101553648B CN2007800449451A CN200780044945A CN101553648B CN 101553648 B CN101553648 B CN 101553648B CN 2007800449451 A CN2007800449451 A CN 2007800449451A CN 200780044945 A CN200780044945 A CN 200780044945A CN 101553648 B CN101553648 B CN 101553648B
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尼尔斯·谢姆楚普
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Mannone Solutions Mannone Solutions Germany Branch
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MAN Diesel Filial af MAN Diesel SE
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
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    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F01N3/2033Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using a fuel burner or introducing fuel into exhaust duct
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
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    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N5/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
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    • F01N5/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/04Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using kinetic energy
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    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/001Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust using exhaust drives arranged in parallel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/005Exhaust driven pumps being combined with an exhaust driven auxiliary apparatus, e.g. a ventilator
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    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/20Control of the pumps by increasing exhaust energy, e.g. using combustion chamber by after-burning
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    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B41/00Engines characterised by special means for improving conversion of heat or pressure energy into mechanical power
    • F02B41/02Engines with prolonged expansion
    • F02B41/10Engines with prolonged expansion in exhaust turbines
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    • F02GHOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G5/00Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02G5/02Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N2590/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for marine vessels or naval applications
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    • F02B33/00Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
    • F02B33/32Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type
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    • F02B37/00Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
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    • F02B39/00Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
    • F02B39/02Drives of pumps; Varying pump drive gear ratio
    • F02B39/08Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio
    • F02B39/10Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio electric
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种大型增压柴油发动机(1),包括具有排气驱动的涡轮(6)和由所述涡轮驱动并将增压空气供应至发动机气缸的压缩机(9)的涡轮增压器。发动机(1)设置有在涡轮(6)下游的SCR(选择性催化还原)反应器(20)以将排气中的NOx还原为N2和H2O。加热单元(19)增加涡轮增压器涡轮(6)的高压侧的排气的温度,使得进入SCR反应器(20)的排气的温度至少为330℃。排气气流的一部分从涡轮增压器涡轮(6)上游分支并被引导到动力涡轮(31)。所述发动机的整体燃料效率相对于加热单元(19)和SCR反应器(20)都被设置在涡轮增压器涡轮(6)的低压侧的发动机得以提高。

Description

具有选择性催化还原反应器的大型增压柴油发动机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种大型增压柴油发动机,比如船的主发动机,其装配有用于去除NOx(氮氧化物)净化排气的SCR(选择性催化还原)反应器,也称为SCR转换器。
背景技术
公众对环境问题的意识快速增加。IMO(国际海事组织)内部目前在讨论关于在海上采用空气污染形式的排放限制。世界各地的权威人士也在采取类似措施。一个例子是当前正在讨论的EPA(美国环保署)章程。
排气中的NOx能够以主和/或次还原方法还原。主方法为直接影响发动机燃烧过程的方法。实际还原程度取决于发动机类型和还原方法,但是从10%变化至超过50%。次方法为:使用没有形成发动机本身的部件的装置,在没有从其燃料优化设定改变发动机性能的前提下降低排放级别的手段。迄今为止最成功的次方法是去除NOx的SCR(选择性催化还原)方法。此方法使得有可能通过在排气进入催化转换器之前将氨或尿素添加到排气,以将NOx级别降低超过95%。
SCR反应器包含若干层催化剂。催化剂体积以及因此的反应器的尺寸取决于催化剂的活性、所需的期望NOx还原程度。催化剂通常具有整体结构,这意味着其由具有大量的平行通道的多块催化剂组成,其壁具有催化活性。
排气在SCR反应器的入口处的温度必须至少为280-350℃——取决于燃料含硫量,即,高含硫量需要高的温度而低含硫量需要低的温度——以有效地将NOx转化为N2(氮气)和H20(水)。
在涡轮增压器的涡轮的高压侧的排气的温度为大约350-450℃,而在涡轮增压器的涡轮的低压侧的排气的温度通常为大约250-350℃。
因此,利用HFO(重燃料油)运转的已知大型两冲程柴油发动机已在涡轮增压器的涡轮的高压侧装配有SCR反应器。然而,在涡轮的高压侧的SCR反应器的结构由于这样的事实而非常复杂:这些反应器包括非常大的管子和容器,所述管子和容器必须能够抵抗大约4巴(bar)的压力,并暴露于大约20℃至400℃之间的温度变化。热膨胀和固定已造成大的设计问题。
为了避免这些问题,已建议将SCR反应器移至涡轮增压器的涡轮的低压侧。
与传统发动机中的250℃相比,现有技术水平的具有为组合循环运转准备的总燃料效率高的发动机系统——即所谓的“热”发动机——在涡轮增压器的涡轮的低压侧的排气温度大约为290-300℃的温度情况下运转。“热”发动机中的排气温度增加是通过改变排气门的打开正时和涡轮增压器的匹配来实现。此变化造成发动机本身的效率从大约50%下降到大约48.7%。为了补偿发动机效率下降,已知采用在涡轮增压器涡轮下游或在SCR反应器下游驱动蒸汽涡轮的排气加热式蒸气锅炉来回收排气中的部分能量。由排气锅炉提供的蒸汽来驱动的蒸汽发生器产生的能量的量大约是发动机在曲轴处的输出的7.7%。此外,涡轮增压器的涡轮从较热的排气接收相当多的能量。然而,涡轮增压器不需要额外的能量。在“热”发动机中,高压侧的排气的额外能量也被加以使用。这是通过如下方式来完成的:经由传动装置将涡轮增压器的轴与发电机连接,或者在涡轮增压器涡轮的高压侧分支一部分排气并使用排气的分支部分来驱动与发电机连接的动力涡轮(燃气轮机)。由动力涡轮驱动的发电机所产生的能量的量大约是发动机在曲轴处的输出的4.4%。因此,“热”发动机的总体燃料效率为
48.7+((7.7+4.4)*0.487)=54.6%。
然而,即使是在“热”发动机中,排气的温度也不足以将SCR反应器设置在涡轮的低压侧。为了能够将SCR反应器设置在涡轮增压器的涡轮的低压侧,离开涡轮的排气的温度必须从290-300℃增加到大约330℃。这可通过诸如燃烧器之类的燃烧单元来完成。然而,借助于燃烧器使温度升高40℃将引起发动机的总体燃料消耗增加4.6%(额外的4.6%的燃料在燃烧单元中燃烧)。部分这种额外能量可由SCR反应器下游的排气加热式锅炉和蒸汽涡轮中大约25%的效率来弥补。由于在涡轮增压器涡轮的低压侧的排气温度增加,蒸汽涡轮的输出将从发动机输出的7.7%上升至10.8%(在蒸汽涡轮的效率为27.9%的情况下)。具有下游SCR反应器的系统的总体效率为:
(48.7+((10.8+4.4)*0.487)/1.046=53.6%。
因此,与SCR反应器在涡轮增压器涡轮的高压侧相比,整体燃料效率将从54.6%下降至53.6%。此类燃料效率的降低是极不符合要求的,并且将湮灭近年来燃料效率的大部分进步。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的是提供一种具有高燃料效率的大型两冲程柴油发动机,其具有在涡轮增压器的涡轮的低压侧的SCR反应器。此目的根据权利要求1通过一种大型增压柴油发动机实现,该发动机包括:涡轮增压器,其具有排气驱动的涡轮和由涡轮驱动以将增压空气供应到发动机的气缸的压缩机;第一排气导管,其将排气从气缸引导到涡轮的入口;SCR反应器,其需要进入SCR反应器的排气具有最低温度,以便有效地将排气中的NOx还原为N2和H2O;第二排气导管,其将排气从涡轮的出口引导到SCR反应器的入口;第三排气导管,其将排气从SCR反应器的出口进一步在其路线上引导到大气;加热单元,其加热涡轮上游的排气以便在SCR反应器的入口处获得至少所述最低温度的排气;以及动力涡轮,其由在加热单元下游但在涡轮上游的位置点处从第一排气导管分支的排气、或来自涡轮增压器的轴的机械功率输出所驱动。
与当将加热单元设置在涡轮增压器的涡轮的低压侧时仅增加4.6%的燃料消耗相比,当将加热单元设置在涡轮增压器的涡轮的高压侧时,需要增加5.9%的燃料消耗以在SCR反应器的入口处达到所需的排气温度。然而,发明人已发现,与将加热单元设置在直觉上符合逻辑的靠近SCR反应器的入口的下游位置相比,通过将加热单元设置在涡轮上游,由于用来增加排气温度的能量能够在由在涡轮的高压侧从排气导管分支的排气驱动的动力涡轮中以100%效率得以弥补,所以能够增加整体燃料效率,而不论燃烧单元所需的增加的燃料量如何。
优选地,发动机包括设置在SCR反应器下游的排气导管中的排气锅炉,且发动机可进一步包括由所述排气锅炉产生的蒸汽驱动的蒸汽涡轮,从而进一步增加整体燃料效率。
优选地,动力涡轮或机械动力输出用来驱动发电机。
发动机可进一步包括发电机,其由动力涡轮驱动或由来自涡轮增压器的轴的动力输出驱动。
加热单元可以是燃烧器。
在涡轮的高压侧的排气的大约20%的潜在膨胀能可经由在燃烧单元下游但在涡轮上游从第一排气导管分支的导管而被从涡轮引开。
优选地,燃烧器的活性和/或强度由响应于SCR反应器的入口处的或SCR反应器的入口上游的温度传感器的控制器控制。
所述大型涡轮增压柴油发动机的进一步的目的、特征、优点和特性将从详细描述而变得显而易见。
附图说明
在本说明书的以下详细部分中,将参照在附图中示出的示例实施方式更详细地说明本发明,其中:
图1示出根据本发明的第一实施方式的内燃发动机的进气和排气系统的图;以及
图2示出根据本发明的第二实施方式的内燃发动机的进气和排气系统的图。
具体实施方式
在以下详细说明中,将通过优选实施方式描述本发明。图1示出具有进气和排气系统的十字头型大型涡轮增压两冲程柴油发动机1。发动机1具有增压空气接收器2和排气接收器3。属于燃烧室的排气门由4指示。发动机1例如可用来作为海洋航行船只中的主发动机或作为用于运转发电站中的发电机的静止发动机。发动机的总输出例如可以在5000至110000kW的范围,但是本发明也可用于具有例如1000kW的输出的四冲程柴油发动机。
增压空气从增压空气接收器2移动到各气缸的扫气口(未示出)。当排气门4打开时,排气经第一排气导管流入排气接收器3中并向前经第一排气导管5流至涡轮增压器的涡轮6,排气从涡轮6经第二排气导管7流走。涡轮6通过轴8驱动经由空气入口10进行供给的压缩机9。压缩机9将加压后的增压空气传送至通向增压空气接收器2的增压空气导管11。
导管11中的进气移动经过中冷器12,中冷器12用于将增压空气——其在大约200℃离开压缩机——冷却至36℃到80℃之间的温度。
在低负荷或局部负荷条件下,冷却的进气经由电动机17驱动的对增压空气气流进行加压的辅助鼓风机16移动到进气接收器2。在较高的负荷下,涡轮增压器的压缩机9传送充分压缩的扫气且因此经由单向阀15为辅助鼓风机16设置旁通。
优选呈诸如燃烧器之类的燃烧单元形式的加热单元19布置在第—排气导管5中——即涡轮6上游——以增加第一排气导管5中的排气的温度。第一排气导管5中的排气必须被加热到致使离开涡轮增压器的涡轮6的排气的温度至少为330℃的程度。
对于大型两冲程柴油“热”发动机,其中排气在离开涡轮6时温度大约是290-300℃,待应用于第一排气导管5中的排气的温度增加大约是50℃。在大型两冲程柴油发动机中由加热单元19用于加热涡轮增压器的涡轮的高压侧的排气而使用的额外燃料的量约为发动机本身的燃料消耗的5.8%。
对于传统大型两冲程柴油发动机,其中排气在离开涡轮增压器的涡轮时温度约为250℃,第一排气导管5中的气体的温度增加必须为大约100℃。
导管30在燃烧单元19下游但在涡轮6上游从排气导管5分支。导管30将排气中的一部分(在大型两冲程柴油发动机中大约为20%)引导到另外的动力涡轮31。另外的动力涡轮31驱动发电机32。动力涡轮31的输出大约等于大型两冲程柴油发动机1的输出的7.0%。
排气气流中的剩余能量因此转换为电力,即具有高有效能的能量。分支到动力涡轮31的排气的量可由导管30中的变流量调节器(未示出)调节。离开动力涡轮31的排气在SCR反应器上游的涡轮6的低压侧被重新引导到主排气气流中。
第二排气导管7将排气从涡轮6的出口引导到SCR反应器20的入口。如果在SCR反应器20的入口处的排气的温度足够高,即通常在大约330℃以上,则排气中的NOx转化为N2和H2O。
第三排气导管22将增压空气从SCR反应器20的出口引导到锅炉25的入口。第四排气导管27将排气从锅炉25的出口引导到消声器28的入口。第五导管29将排气从消声器28的出口引导到大气。
锅炉25使用排气气流中的热量在压力下产生(过热)蒸汽。导管34将锅炉25产生的蒸汽引导到蒸汽涡轮37。蒸汽涡轮37驱动发电机35。蒸汽涡轮的输出功率大约等于大型两冲程柴油发动机的输出的10.8%。
图2示出本发明的替代实施方式。除了以来自涡轮增压器的功率输出代替动力涡轮之外,该实施方式大致对应于第一实施方式。于此,传动装置36将涡轮增压器的轴8与发电机33连接。
大型两冲程柴油发动机1的燃料效率为48.7%。两个实施方式中的整体燃料效率为:
(48.7+((10.8+7.0)*0.487))/1.058=54.2%。
根据本发明具有在涡轮6的高压侧的加热单元19的发动机的燃料效率为54.2%,明显高于背景技术所描述的具有在涡轮6的低压侧的加热单元且燃料效率为53.6%的发动机。
示例:
1.具有在高压侧的SCR的热发动机(现有技术)
2.在涡轮增压器涡轮的低压侧的燃烧器
3.在涡轮增压器涡轮的高压侧的燃烧器
Figure GSB00000488568800071
因此,与具有许多实践的构造问题的、SCR反应器在涡轮增压器的涡轮的高压侧的“热发动机”相比,仅以较小的燃料效率下降就能获得位于涡轮增压器的涡轮6的低压侧的SCR反应器的构造优点。
在本发明的两个实施方式中,由锅炉25产生的蒸汽可用于除驱动蒸汽涡轮之外的其它目的,比如用于加热目的。
各实施方式可设置有置于SCR反应器20的入口附近的温度传感器(未示出)以测量第二排气导管7中的排气的温度。温度传感器的信号传递至控制器(未示出)。控制器控制加热单元19。控制器在第二排气导管7中的排气的温度不够高时增加加热单元19的活性,并在第二排气导管7中的排气的温度高于用于SCR反应器的有效运转的最低温度时降低燃烧单元19的活性。
可将两个实施方式都设计成所谓湿空气发动机(未示出),例如由具有很高的绝对含水(汽)量的增压空气/扫气运转的发动机。在本发明的此变型中,增压空气大约为60至90℃(与传统发动机中的37℃相比)且绝对湿度约为40至80g/kg(克/千克),即大约是“非湿空气”发动机的含水(汽)量的4到8倍。增湿作用(通过在“洗涤器”(未示出)中喷射相对较温热的水而获得)致使增压空气/扫气的能量含量并因此致使排气的能量含量大体上增加。增压空气中的额外能量采取两种方式获得:
通过减小由中冷器从增压空气/扫气回收的能量的量,即减小中冷器产生的“损耗”能量的量;以及
通过喷射由来自发动机的冷却系统的热水加温的水,即喷射含“损耗能量”的水。
排气中的额外能量能够在动力涡轮中得到比较有效的弥补,因此可获得甚至比示例中所示更高的整体燃料效率。
权利要求中所用的词语“包括”不排除其它元件或步骤。权利要求中所用的词语“一”或“一个”不排除复数。权利要求中所用的参考标记不应被解释为限制范围。
因此,虽然已参照其开发环境描述了设备和方法的优选实施方式,但是它们仅仅是对本发明的原理的说明。在不背离本发明的精神和所附权利要求的范围的前提下,可设计其它实施方式和结构。

Claims (7)

1.一种大型两冲程增压柴油发动机(1),包括:
涡轮增压器,其具有排气驱动的涡轮(6)和由所述涡轮驱动以将增压空气供应至发动机的气缸的压缩机(9);
第一排气导管(5),其将排气从所述气缸引导到所述涡轮(6)的入口;
选择性催化还原反应器(20),其需要进入所述选择性催化还原反应器的排气具有最低温度,以便有效地将所述排气中的NOx还原为N2和H2O;
第二排气导管(7),其将所述排气从所述涡轮(6)的出口引导到所述选择性催化还原反应器(20)的入口;
第三排气导管(22),其将所述排气从所述选择性催化还原反应器(20)的出口进一步引导到大气,
其特征在于包括:
加热单元(19),其加热位于所述大型两冲程增压柴油发动机(1)下游以及所述涡轮(6)上游的排气,以便在所述选择性催化还原反应器(20)的入口处获得至少所述最低温度的排气;以及
动力涡轮(31),其由在所述加热单元(19)下游但在所述涡轮(6)上游的位置点处从所述第一排气导管(5)分支的排气驱动,或者由来自所述涡轮增压器的轴(8)的机械动力输出驱动。
2.如权利要求1所述的发动机,进一步包括设置在所述选择性催化还原反应器(20)下游的排气导管中的排气锅炉(25)。
3.如权利要求2所述的发动机,进一步包括由所述排气锅炉(25)产生的蒸汽驱动的蒸汽涡轮(37)。
4.如权利要求1所述的发动机,进一步包括由所述动力涡轮(31)驱动或者由来自所述涡轮增压器的轴(8)的所述动力输出驱动的发电机(32)。
5.如权利要求1所述的发动机,其中,所述加热单元(19)是燃烧器。
6.如权利要求1所述的发动机,其中,所述涡轮(6)的高压侧的排气的大约20%的潜在膨胀能经由在燃烧单元(19)下游但在涡轮(6)上游从所述第一排气导管(5)分支的导管(30)而被从所述涡轮(6)引开。
7.如权利要求5所述的发动机,其中,所述燃烧器的活性和/或强度由响应于位于所述选择性催化还原反应器(20)的入口处或者所述选择性催化还原反应器(20)的入口上游的温度传感器的控制器控制。
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CN105910125A (zh) * 2015-12-31 2016-08-31 南通亚泰工程技术有限公司 一种设有scr的废气锅炉
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