CN1015477B - Less energy-consumption process for producing fine crystal ingot by resmelting of electric furnace slag - Google Patents
Less energy-consumption process for producing fine crystal ingot by resmelting of electric furnace slagInfo
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- CN1015477B CN1015477B CN 89100371 CN89100371A CN1015477B CN 1015477 B CN1015477 B CN 1015477B CN 89100371 CN89100371 CN 89100371 CN 89100371 A CN89100371 A CN 89100371A CN 1015477 B CN1015477 B CN 1015477B
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- slag
- alloy
- crystal ingot
- fine crystal
- ingot
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for preparing fine-grained ingots by electroslag remelting which has the effect on evident energy saving. In the method, two single-phase series self-consuming electrodes of an AC power transformer or three AC three-phase series self-consuming electrodes are inserted into molten slag with low melting points, and the molten slag is positioned in a water cooling crystallizer capable of rotating by speed change; crystal grains in paste fusant are proliferated and quickly solidified by strengthening the quantity of motion and the exchange of heat energy between metal fusant and the molten slag and strengthening the exchange of the quantity of motion between the metal fusant and a solidified arborescent structure, and thus, electroslag ingots of alloy and alloy steel are all the compact structure of fine equiaxed grains.
Description
The invention belongs to electroslag remelting technique, it provides a kind of method of producing superalloy or the fine and close ingot of steel alloy or the diskware of fine isometric crystal grains with less energy-consumption.
Composition, microstructure segregation and the grain fineness number problem of non-uniform of big section steel alloy and superalloy workpiece is one of domestic and international metallurgical interface production technology difficult problem of facing, the current approach that solves this difficult problem both at home and abroad has two, promptly obtains fine-grained alloy ingot and powder metallurgy production; The latter causes production cost high owing to factors such as alloy powder preparation process qualified powder recovery rate anti-pollution and alloy are low, and is therefore quite active to obtaining the fine crystal ingot technical study abroad.As " VADER method " (vacuum arc two electrodes remelting process) and " EBCF method " (the continuous streamer method of electron beam), produced close grain nickel base superalloy ingot and the diskware of diameter less than 500mm, the grain-size of the In718Ni-Fe based high-temperature alloy ingot of its production is less than 1.6mm; Yet these alloy pig densityes are bad, exist the content of volatile beneficial element in rarefaction defect, the alloy to be difficult to accurate control, the fine crystal ingot of production because of loose must through hip treatment can cogging or die forging become a useful person.
The novel electro-slag re-melting method of the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of segregation defective that overcomes big section superalloy or alloy steel ingot, improve material capability, improve the alloy pig hot workability, saving production energy consumption is produced fine crystal ingot or the biscuit than the densification of " VADER " ingot.
Formation of the present invention is: the supply transformer output terminal is linked by cable and an end that will obtain the suitable metal consumable electrode of alloy pig composition respectively, the other end of all consumable electrodes is inserted in respectively in the slag in the water mold that is in speed change rotation, feed alternating-current, the melting current density of consumable electrode is being lower than remelting under the current density of common esr, and the pasty state alloy that consumable electrode end formation low temperature molten drop or solid-liquid are coexisted mutually drips; This pasty state alloy drops in and is subjected to slag erosion and action of gravity in the slag bath of speed change rotation and breaks away from electrode tip, in slag bath, rotate, fall, carry out the transition to the alloy mushy zone below the slag bath, this mushy zone melt washes away the alloy pig solidified front dendrite of speed change rotation, fracture and twist, make the crystal grain multiplication, the mushy zone solidified front of these numerous close grain enrichments is given water coolant by the water cooled bottom plate and the joining with it water mold of speed change rotation with the alloy graining latent heat transfer, makes mushy zone alloy melt order rapid solidification form thin crystalline substance fine and close alloy pig or the dish base of grain-size less than 0.4mm.Flow fast because mushy zone interalloy liquid is done in the gap at the solidified front dendrite of speed change rotation, impel the solute element of interdendritic enrichment to move homogenizing rapidly, thereby significantly reduce dendritic segregation.Consumable electrode remelting in the slag bath of rotation in addition, the high-temperature slag between consumable electrode and the heat exchange of electrode tip and momentum exchange are reinforced, impel consumable electrode remelting and can obtain higher remelting speed at low temperatures, thereby minimizing thermosteresis, significantly improve the esr utilization rate of electrical, resmelting ingot power consumption per ton is reduced to below the 720KWh.For making temperature that the consumable electrode end forms molten drop not only between alloy beginning fusing point and fine melt point but also make alloy pig surface forming quality good, select for use the fine melt temperature of slag system should be lower than the beginning temperature of fusion of remelted alloy; When if the initial melting temperature of remelted alloy is greater than or equal to 1260 ℃, it is CaF that slag is formed
2-Al
2O
3-CaO-MgO-TiO
2Slag system or CaF
2-Al
2O
3-CaO slag system.When if the initial melting temperature of remelted alloy is lower than 1260 ℃, it is Na that slag is formed
3AlF
6-Al
2O
3Slag system or Na
3AlF
6-Al
2O
3-MgO slag system and the chemically stable corresponding low melting point slag system of other counterweight fusion gold.For strengthened slagging washing away and heat exchange effectively to the consumable electrode end, strengthen of the effect of washing away generation crystal grain multiplication crystal grain thinning of mushy zone melt to the dendritic arm of alloy pig solidified front, the rotation period of change of water mold is to rise to 50～120 rev/mins of controls rapid then stall in 5～10 seconds 1～5 second rapidly by stall, again by above-mentioned rule rotate again and again, stall, the rotation till alloy pig solidifies fully.
In a word, objects and advantages of the present invention have four:
The first, use the existing esr equipment of expense transformation can obtain the fine and close alloy pig of thin crystalline substance, metallurgical imperfection, raising material capability such as the segregation that overcomes big section superalloy or alloyed steel work-piece and crystal grain are inhomogeneous than VADER method or EBCF method investment much less;
The second, improve the hot workability of difficult wrought superalloy;
The 3rd, save the esr energy consumption, shorten the preceding diffusion homogenizing treatment time of alloy pig cogging, reduce the alloy production total energy consumption;
The 4th, but thin brilliant biscuit of direct production or diskware reduce production costs.
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of synoptic diagram of equipment used of the present invention.
The output of power transformer (1) connects respectively (or three outputs of three-phase ac transformer connect with three consutrodes respectively by cable) by cable (2) with consutrode (3), the other end of electrode is inserted in respectively in the slag (4), this slag is in the water mold (5) of speed-changing rotation, power transformer (1) output AC electricity is by the heating of the slag between consutrode, make consutrode end fusing formation molten drop or pasty state drip (6), pasty state drops in the slag bath of speed-changing rotation rotation and falls, obtain the wash heat refining and be transitioned in the metal mushy zone (7), mushy zone is by water cooled bottom plate (8) and with it joining water mold (5) heat radiation, and the order rapid solidification forms fine and close ESR ingot (9); Water cooled bottom plate (8) is by being placed on the rotating disc (11) that is driven by motor (10), and rotating disc (11) is located in the bottom of cooling water tank (13) by ball (12), and cooling water enters at the bottom of case, emits from the water tank upside.
Embodiment:
The consumable electrode mother metal is the GH169 nickel base superalloy vacuum casting rod of diameter 35mm.The slag composition is 68%CaF
2-14%Al
2O
3-8%MgO-8%CaO-2%TiO
2, the quantity of slag is 1.8kg.The crystallizer diameter is 110mm, and crystallizer speed change rotation, dwelling period be that starting rotation is rapidly again adopted to exchange single-phase pair of consumable electrode series connection with 1.7 revolutions per seconds rotating speed rotation 5～6 seconds stall 2～3 seconds rapidly then, 38 volts of remelting voltages, and melting current 850 is pacified; The remelting voltage of the common electric slag refusion ingot of the same ingot shape that contrasts with it is 34 volts, and electric current is 1000 peaces.The quantity of slag is 1.2kg, and the experimental result contrast is as follows:
Thin brilliant esr speed 614g/min,
Common esr speed 303g/min,
Thin brilliant esr ton ingot power consumption 719KWh,
Common esr ton ingot power consumption 1437KWh.
Thin brilliant ESR ingot body all is thin equiax crystal, and grain-size is less than 0.4mm, and dense structure does not have the microporosity defective, and common ESR ingot is thick columnar dendrite, and one para-crystal between centers is 3.2mm.
The dendrite microsegregation is as shown in table 1 by the electron microscope EDAX results in the thin brilliant ESR ingot as cast condition original structure, each principal element is all little than common ESR ingot segregation in the GH169 alloy, wherein this alloy property is influenced degree of segregation (the interdendritic content of bigger strengthening element Nb, wt%/limb content wt%) reduces to 2.68 by 4.79 of common ESR ingot.
Thin brilliant ESR ingot autoclave test shows 1120 ℃ of (cogging of GH169 alloy pig begins temperature) strain rate ε=10
-1, S
-1The time, its maximum anti-deforming stress is by the 11.63kg/mm of common ESR ingot
2Be reduced to 9.80kg/mm
2Resistance to deformation reduces 15.7%, thin brilliant ESR ingot has significant recrystallize ruckbildung at this deformation process simultaneously, and common ESR ingot does not in contrast have this feature at this deformation process, and it shows that the GH169 ingot of producing with the inventive method has superior hot workability.
Example 2. consumable electrode mother metal diameters are the GH132 iron-base superalloy vacuum casting rod of 45mm.The slag composition is 66.5%CsF
2-27.5%Al
2O
3-2%TiO
2-4%MgO slag system, the quantity of slag are 4kg, and the crystallizer diameter is 150mm, the rotation of crystallizer speed change, outage period rested 3 seconds for the rotating speed rotation rapid then stall in 8 seconds with 1.5 revolutions per seconds, starting rotation is rapidly again adopted to exchange single-phase pair of consumable electrode series connection, 40 volts of remelting voltages, melting current 1000 peaces, thin brilliant esr speed 931g/min, thin brilliant ESR ingot ton power consumption 688KWh, all thin equiax crystal of thin brilliant ESR ingot, grain-size is less than 0.4mm, and dense structure does not have the microporosity defective.
Table 1 dendrite microsegregation analytical results
Principal element content wt% in the alloy
Nb Ti Mo
Ingot heart ingot limit, ingot heart ingot limit, ingot heart ingot limit
Thin electric interdendritic 6.89 5.42 2.33 2.15 4.27 4.88
Slag dendrite is done 2.32 2.38 1.48 1.48 3.41 3.51 and is connect
Crystal ingot degree of segregation 2.97 2.28 1.57 1.46 1.25 1.39 times
General electric interdendritic 10.13 10.89 1.03 1.03 4.53 4.61
Slag dendrite does 3.30 2.28 0.79 0.57 3.62 3.41
Logical ingot degree of segregation 3.07 4.79 1.32 1.81 1.25 1.35
Cr Ni Fe
Ingot heart ingot limit, ingot heart ingot limit, ingot heart ingot limit
17.27 18.04 50.47 49.54 19.43 20.03
Connect 19.63 19.82 50.04 49.60 23.17 23.28
Last 0.88 0.91 1.01 1.00 0.84 0.86
17.31 16.81 51.89 51.69 16.44 16.05
19.84 19.76 53.02 53.59 19.72 20.52
0.87 0.85 0.98 0.96 0.83 0.78
Claims (6)
1, a kind of esr is produced the method for fine crystal ingot, it is characterized in that: the supply transformer output terminal is linked by cable and an end that will obtain the suitable metal consumable electrode of alloy pig composition respectively, the other end of all consumable electrodes is inserted in respectively in the slag in the water mold that is in speed change rotation, feed alternating-current, the pasty state alloy that consumable electrode end formation low temperature molten drop or solid-liquid are coexisted mutually drips; This pasty state alloy drops in and is subjected to slag erosion and action of gravity in the slag bath of speed change rotation and breaks away from electrode tip, in slag bath, rotate, fall, carry out the transition to the alloy mushy zone below the slag bath, this mushy zone melt washes away the alloy pig solidified front dendrite of speed change rotation, fracture, make the crystal grain multiplication, the mushy zone solidified front of these numerous close grain enrichments is given water coolant by the water cooled bottom plate and the joining with it water mold of speed change rotation with the alloy graining latent heat transfer, makes mushy zone alloy melt order rapid solidification form thin crystalline substance fine and close alloy pig or the dish base of grain-size less than 0.4mm; The rotation period of change of the water mold of speed change rotation is to rise to 50 to 120 rev/mins rapidly by static, the rapid then stall of control 5～10 seconds 1～5 second again by above-mentioned rule rotate again and again, stall is till alloy pig solidifies fully.
2, esr according to claim 1 is produced the method for fine crystal ingot, it is characterized in that supply transformer is the single phase ac transformer, and its two output terminals link with two consumable electrodes respectively by cable.
3, the described esr of claim 1 is produced the method for fine crystal ingot, it is characterized in that supply transformer is a three-phase ac transformer, and its three output terminals link with three consumable electrodes respectively by cable.
4, the described esr of claim 1 method of producing fine crystal ingot is characterized in that: the fine melt temperature of slag should be lower than the beginning temperature of fusion of remelted alloy.
5, claim 1 or 4 described esrs are produced the method for fine crystal ingot, and when it is characterized in that slag is greater than or equal to 1260 ℃ to the initial melting temperature of remelted alloy, it is CaF that its slag is formed
2-Al
2O
3-MgO-CaO-TiO
2Slag system or CaF
2-Al
2O
3-CaO slag system.
6, claim 1 or 5 described esrs are produced the method for fine crystal ingot, it is characterized in that: when slag was lower than 1260 ℃ to the initial melting temperature of remelted alloy, it was Na that slag is formed
3AlF
6-Al
2O
3Slag system or Na
3AlF
6-Al
2O
3-MgO slag system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89100371 CN1015477B (en) | 1989-01-25 | 1989-01-25 | Less energy-consumption process for producing fine crystal ingot by resmelting of electric furnace slag |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89100371 CN1015477B (en) | 1989-01-25 | 1989-01-25 | Less energy-consumption process for producing fine crystal ingot by resmelting of electric furnace slag |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1044500A CN1044500A (en) | 1990-08-08 |
| CN1015477B true CN1015477B (en) | 1992-02-12 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89100371 Expired CN1015477B (en) | 1989-01-25 | 1989-01-25 | Less energy-consumption process for producing fine crystal ingot by resmelting of electric furnace slag |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100519787C (en) * | 2007-01-18 | 2009-07-29 | 东北大学 | Plate blank electroslag furnace |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100363515C (en) * | 2005-03-28 | 2008-01-23 | 宝钢集团上海梅山有限公司 | Arcing and smelting technology for liquid slag in electroslag furnace |
| CN100368572C (en) * | 2006-05-22 | 2008-02-13 | 东北大学 | Solid-state start method in T-shape crystallizer using bipolar series electroslag remelting |
| CN101396728B (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2011-05-11 | 上海重型机器厂有限公司 | Manufacture method of steel ingot for million multikilowatt nuclear electricity pile core component |
| CN101612661B (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2011-02-02 | 饶云福 | Heavy caliber uniform section hollow steel ingot device for electro-slag continuous stripping |
| CN103008621B (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2015-04-01 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Process for industrially producing ultrapure Inconel 690 (I-690) alloy electroslag remelting ingot of 3 tons |
| CN106111927A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-11-16 | 湖南科美达电气股份有限公司 | The grain refining of a kind of continuous casting billet solidified structure and the method that homogenizes |
| CN111673056B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2021-12-17 | 安徽工业大学 | Electroslag feeding method for improving crystallization quality of large steel ingot |
| CN114700481B (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2023-05-12 | 苏州大学 | Device and method for refining ingot tissue and improving surface quality of ingot |
-
1989
- 1989-01-25 CN CN 89100371 patent/CN1015477B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100519787C (en) * | 2007-01-18 | 2009-07-29 | 东北大学 | Plate blank electroslag furnace |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1044500A (en) | 1990-08-08 |
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