CN101536683A - System for trapping flying insects with attractant lures - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application discloses a system for trapping flying insects, utilizing carbon dioxide in conjunction with one or more biochemical lures, visual lures or both. Preferably, a biochemical lure such as lactic acid, a salt of lactic acid, or combinations thereof, are employed in particular geometric shapes contained in specifically designed housing to ensure an effective release rate over extended periods of time.

Description

Utilize the system of attractant trapping winged insect

The application is that application number is dividing an application of 03812961.2 application.

The cross reference of related application

It is the priority of the U.S. Provisional Application serial number 60/378,369 on May 8th, 2002 that the application requires the applying date, and the whole contents of this application is incorporated herein thinks reference.

Technical field

The present invention relates to be used for trapping such as mosquito, midge and can be, and the system relevant with it by the attractant of the winged insect of other insects that become branch attraction of sweat that mammal sent and breathing.

Background technology

Caused have 300 ten thousand people dead and 3 hundred million clinical cases by mosquito-transmitted diseases every year.According to estimates, be used in and treat the expense of mosquito-transmitted diseases aspect in the world up to multi-million dollar.In a lot of areas, mosquito is the main disseminator of debilitating disease, as malaria, and yellow fever, dengue fever, encephalitis, West Nile Virus, difussa, filariosis, typhus and pestilence.Except causing human sick and death, mosquito-transmitted diseases still causes the main cause of the economic loss of livestock breeding because of livestock disease.In addition, mosquito-transmitted diseases is to depend on the problem that the area of the tourist earnings is concerned about always.Specifically, described disease is considered to select this area relevant as the purpose on travel purpose ground with the traveller in the existence of particular locality.

Along with the increase of tourism and world commerce, estimate that some insect-borne disease will become ConUS and other local major health.For example, West Nile Virus has been supported this viewpoint in the appearance in the warm area of Europe and North America.This virus has constituted the threat to the public, horse and animal health.The infection of host animal may cause the encephalitis (brain inflammation) of people and Ma, and the death that causes domestic animal and wild birds.

Nineteen ninety-five has recorded the regional characters case of malaria in California and New Jersey, and has diagnosed some routine dengue fever in southern Texas.In September, 1996, in the Rhode Island, found the mosquito of carrying eastern equine encephalitis of unprecedented quantity.This result shows in per 100 mosquitoes of traping, have 1 to carry this rare deadly virus, and its lethality rate is 30%-60%.Situation in the Rhode Island is so serious, so that governor has announced to enter the state of emergency.1997, analogue has appearred in the Florida, the outburst of St.Louis encephalitis has taken place.

Dengue fever is a kind of extrahazardous mosquito-transmitted diseases, and it is a kind of serious day by day global problem, and may surpass malaria rapidly, becomes the viral disease of the human topmost mosquitoes spread of puzzlement.Dengue fever is suitable in the distribution of the distribution in the whole world and malaria, estimates at 2,500,000,000 people and lives in the area that has endemic infection.The millions of cases of annual appearance, and diagnosed hundreds thousand of routine dengue hemorrhagic fevers (DHF).In most of country, the lethality of DHF case is about 5%, and fatal cases appears among the children.

Up to date, dengue fever is also less on the Western Hemisphere known.In the 1970's, step on the leather epidemic disease and sweep away Caribbean Cuba and other parts.In 1981, second serotype that accompanies with Hemorrhagic fever broke out in Cuba.For the second time popular having caused surpasses 300,000 Hemorrhagic fever cases, and caused surpassing 1000 people's death.Wherein major part is children.By 1986, other countries in South America and Mexico began to occur the obvious rising of dengue fever.Summer in 1998, new outburst appearred in the Barbados.

With regard to American continent, during the first eight months of nineteen ninety-five, reported 24,000 routine dengue fever nearly in Central America, comprise 352 routine Hemorrhagic fevers.In nineteen ninety-five, because this disease is in this national extensive widespread, E1 Salvador announces that this state enters the state of emergency.Even in Mexico, about 2,000 cases have also been recorded in nineteen ninety-five, comprising 34 routine Hemorrhagic fevers.According to PAHO's report, occurred about 200,000 routine dengue fever in the area, America altogether and surpassed 5,500 routine hemorrhage dengue fever.

The entomologist pays special attention to the day by day serious threat of dengue fever to the U.S..This part of paying close attention to is because the appearance of the mosquito kind that is called as aedes albopictus that arrives recently.Aedes albopictus (be otherwise known as " brave mosquito " is because because its bright striped and violent biting) is to find in the Harris town of Texas that the Houston city was located in this town in 1985 at first.In history, brave mosquito is the main disseminator of area, Asia dengue fever always.It is believed that brave mosquito enters the U.S. and can trace back to junked tire shipping from Japan.In 1991, only found eastern equine encephalitis virus in the brave mosquito colony in 12 miles the tire heap in the western part, the Walt Disney world that appears at the Orlando, Florida State.To in February, 1996, recorded the colony that has set up brave mosquito in 24 states.

The most astonishing is, has been found that now brave mosquito can northerly Ohio, the state survival that the New Jersey and the Nebraska State are such.Different with the mosquito Aedes aegypti of carrying yellow fever, the ovum of brave mosquito can be in very cold survival in winter.The result is that brave mosquito has the great potential that disease is carried to most of area of the U.S..The tiger mosquito has been caused trouble and harm in the Pulaski town of Illinois, here, the number of times of biting of insect is per minute 25 times.At cen.am., these species linked together with the propagation of LaCrosse's encephalitis already, and this disease is common fatal disease.

Bloodthirsty property winged insect such as mosquito is attracted by kairomone, the metabolic by-product that described hormone is normally discharged by mammlian system.Between the anaerobic metabolism stage of reaction, during violent muscular movement, pyruvic acid is reduced into lactic acid by NADH, this activity can also produce sweat, and the most basic form of sweat is the aqueous solution of lactic acid, urea and ammonia.Have found that lactic acid in the sweat that secretion is come out from mammalian skin and that discharge is soft and in-plant kairomone, particularly for Aedes aegypti from breathe.But, with after carbonic acid gas combines,, be the kairomone of long distance for a lot of bloodthirsty insects.Lactic acid can produce synergistic effect, strengthens the temptation (for example, referring to people's such as Smith Annals Ent.Soc.Am.63 (3), 760-770,1970, its content is incorporated herein for reference in full) to mosquito greatly.

Winged insect is to mediate by the chemoreceptor in their feeler according to odoriferous homing host's ability.The sense cone body of all lengths is positioned on the described feeler, so that differentiate such as lactic acid (short sensation cone), CO ₂The sensation of (long sensation cone) and butyric acid (short and long sensation cone).Lactic acid is concentration dependent form to the temptation of winged insect, does not have detectable attraction under low concentration, and in fact repels winged insect under high concentration.Under the concentration that appears at usually on the human skin, lactic acid shows the actual temptation to Aedes aegypti, and can not bring into play the effect of repellents.These insects utilize the metabolic by-product such as lactic acid that discharges in the mammalian hosts to lock potential food target.

The smell that is sent by different plant species has different temptation to insect, and may be subjected to the influence of the chemical composition of different breaths.Therefore, the compound that comprises human smell has more temptation than the smell that is discharged by cat or livestock to winged insect, has set up the preferred host's who is followed the trail of by described insect grade.Winged insect also may be subjected to the moisture of blood heat, secretion or even the influence of visual cues to indivedual preferences of specific host.The known compound 1-suffering that is produced by Niu Daliang-3-alcohol can their ruminant resource of attracting mosquitoes searching.To smell sample from the non-human animal, comprise in the sample that contains 1-suffering-3-alcohol and add lactic acid, as if can strengthen temptation to mosquito.Therefore, evidence suggests that lactic acid is and the relevant principal element of winged insect chemistry temptation.

In the past, proposed to be used to control the several different methods of mosquito colony or repel mosquitoes already.Some example of these methods will be discussed below.Be appreciated that by following discussion above-mentioned each method has significant defective, make them infeasible or to no effect.

A kind of well-known method that is used to suppress mosquito colony is to use chemical insecticide, as DDT and malathion.Generally, there is two types mosquito pesticides can utilize-adulticide and larvicide.Adulticide is to be used to kill the agricultural chemicals of having grown already to the mosquito in the stage of ripeness.Mainly sprayed to encroaching on the area by aircraft or motor vehicles.The effectiveness of the agricultural chemicals that sprays depends on the wind-force, temperature, humidity, time, specific mosquito on the same day basic effectiveness to the tolerance and the described specific agricultural chemicals of employed agricultural chemicals usually.Adulticide must use for adult each that produces by rainwater, tidewater or other regular ovum hatching inducing agent, and only has the typical effectiveness window of half a day.Therefore, described compound must can expected the time use that has maximum contact with adult mosquito.

On the other hand, larvicide is applied in the water source usually, so that killed larva before they become the mosquito that grows up.It is one of following three types that larvicide has usually: (1) uses the oils on water surface, it can stop the larva breathing, and therefore be drowned them, (2) bacterium sample BTI (Israel bacillus thuringiensis), they attack larva, and they are killed, or (3) chemical insect growth regulator, IGR (for example, Entocon ZR 515), it can stop larvae development to the adult phase.Unfortunately, owing to multiple reason, larvicide is not effective especially.One of reason is, most of larvicide has the short term of validity, and must use in water, and simultaneously, immature mosquito must be in specific vegetative stage.Some types mosquito, as tree-holebreeders, root-swamp breeders and cattail-marsh breeder are not easy to control with larvicide, because described larva (for example can not come described surface, cattail marsh mosquito) or described water source, they so are difficult to the location, so that can not use larvicide (for example, treehole) economically.

Another reason is, the ditch of the mosquito (northern house) of carrying West Nile Virus around the mankind, mole drain, flowerpot, bird bathtub etc. are located life and breeding, and this makes that to spray larvicide infeasible, because be difficult to the fixed described zone of effective target.In addition, so near place uses agricultural chemicals can make a lot of people uncomfortable in distance people house.

No matter how it render a service or its shortage, and the use of chemical insecticide has all significantly reduced in the U.S. and world wide.The main cause that this minimizing occurs is the understanding of the public's pair potential health hazard relevant with use of insecticide.Specifically, the general public is to (long-term health that for example, DDT) causes and the understanding of environmental hazard had caused in a lot of local restriction of the U.S. and other countries they being used to control mosquito already by some agricultural chemicals.In addition, mosquito has reduced the effect of conventional chemical control method to the enhancing of the resistance of insecticide, has therefore strengthened the contention that the benefit of use of insecticide is offset the harm of public health.

To a certain extent, natural predator also can control mosquito colony.For example, having reported some fish and dragonfly (as naiad and adult) already is the predator of larvae and adult.In addition, known some bat and birds also can prey on mosquitoes.Some people, particularly those people that oppose use of insecticide proposed already, should rely on the mode of natural predator as the Environmental security of control mosquito colony.Unfortunately, the effort that utilizes natural predator effectively to control mosquito colony had in the past confirmed it is invalid already.For example, in generation nineteen twenty, set up large-scale bat tower in southern three cities, people express very high expectation, and the bat that hope is lived in these towers can be controlled mosquito colony.But, these towers are being invalid aspect the local mosquito of the suitable control colony.To discovering of these bat stomach inclusions, mosquito in their food source shared ratio less than 1%.

A lot of people rely on pest repellant to make mosquito away from them, or away from some place.Because the character of these pest repellants makes them in fact inoperative to the control of mosquito colony; On the contrary, they can only provide temporary transient freeing to the personnel that use this pest repellant simply.Pest repellant can be external application or atomizing, and can adopt various ways, comprise washing lotion, spray, oil (for example " Skin-So-Soft "), mosquito-repellent incense and candle (for example, citronella oil) etc.Modal pest repellant (washing lotion, spray and oils) is the pest repellant that is used on clothing or the health.In fact a lot of such pest repellants itself can not control mosquito.On the contrary, some pest repellant is just covered simply mosquito is attracted to factor (carbonic acid gas, humidity, temperature and lactic acid) on its host.Although these pest repellants are quite cheap, they have niff usually, are oiliness, and can only work in the limited time.Also find in addition to contain DEET (N, N, diethyl-m-toluamide) or 2-ethyl-1, the pest repellant of 2-hexylene glycol is after after a while, and it is attractive to mosquito in fact to become.Therefore, suggestion after having spent the protection period, should be washed them off or spray again new pest repellant when using pest repellant.

Except make us uncomfortable, need carry out conscientious investigation aspect the potential long-term health harm that a lot of pest repellants might cause at them.The a lot of entomologists of quilt think the DEET of existing best pest repellant, and having gone on the market already surpassed for 30 years, and was the main component of a lot of known commercial sprays and washing lotion.Although use DEET for a long time widely, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) thinks that DEET may have the ability that causes cancer, inborn defect and reproductive problems.EPA has published consumer's communique in August nineteen ninety, and wherein, it points out that the people of small part may be to the DEET sensitivity.Use repeatedly, particularly use, may cause headache, emotional change, confusion sometimes, feel sick, muscle cramp, tic or unconsciousness in young child.

As the device of repel mosquitoes, mosquito-repellent incense had been sold for many years already.Mosquito-repellent incense is lighted, so that the smog of emission expelling parasite.The product of producing before about 20 years contains the compound allethrin as the radar mosquito-repellent incense.Up-to-date product is as OFF Yard﹠amp; Patio Bug Barriers contains Verbindung sbiothrin.Although these products can reduce the vigor of mosquito, but, they can not reduce the quantity of the mosquito in a zone.In addition, they also can launch smog and compound near zone.In addition, even faint wind is diffused into described smog and compound in the big zone, also can makes its dilution and have more weak effectiveness, thereby weaken their latent effect.

A lot of people had probed into the effect of citronella oil aspect repel mosquitoes already, and no matter it is candle, plant, stacte or other mechanism forms.In the light of recent researches, confirmed only have medium effect aspect the repel mosquitoes already based on the product of citronella oil, and, have only when around and when candle is placed in 3 feet place, just can work in the protection zone.The effect of this processing is only a little better than the effect of the Chinese wax candle that burns on every side in shielded zone.In fact, it is believed that burning candle can increase the carbon dioxide in air amount, cause more mosquito to attracted to big zone, rather than reduce this regional mosquito populations.Although there are these defectives, the existing market is still quite big to the product demand based on citronella oil.

" black light " that the people that occur in the later stage in the 1970's are familiar with is electrocuted device and is commonly called " zapper ", is initial business success.Although this device does not have effect generally aspect kill mosquitoes, now the sales volume in zapper every year is above 2,000,000.This device had obtained confirmation already in the ineffectivity aspect the kill mosquitoes in academic research and in a lot of zapper owners' personal story.Specifically, electrocuting device can not kill mosquitoes, because they can not attract mosquito.This device can only attract can be by the insect that light attracted, and mosquito does not belong to this class insect.

Wigton etc. (U.S. Patent number 6,145,243, its whole contents is incorporated herein for reference) have disclosed the Greenwich by East, the insect trap device that the American Biophysics company of RI. is developed.Wigton etc. have disclosed a kind of basic structure of device, and this device can produce carbon dioxide gas stream, are used for mosquito and other winged insects are attracted to the porch of this device.To be sucked described inlet and enter trap chamber by the insect that carbonic acid gas attracts to come by vacuum.Described trap chamber comprises disposable mesh sack, and here, described mosquito can be dehydrated.After described sack is filled, just can be with its taking-up and replacing.

Although disclosed device such as Wigton had made American Biophysics company obtain success commercial already, effort by other product developments that the inventor carried out of this application had obtained multiple improvement already, and these improvement are production cost and operating efficiencies of being devoted to reduce the device of Wigton etc.As these improved results, the effectiveness of this device has improved, and simultaneously, the cost structure of this application device can reduce, thereby makes this technology to be utilized more widely by ordinary consumer.It is believed that, be extensive use of other influences of this technology, will help to cause better control, thereby reduce the incidence of disease by insect-borne disease to mosquito and other winged insect colonies.

Other devices as the mosquito trapping apparatus that is disclosed by (U.S. Patent numbers 6,209,256, its content whole is incorporated herein for reference) such as Brittin, have adopted the combination of carbonic acid gas and other attractants to lure winged insect to make its death.Brittin etc. provide the trapping medium, and this medium can be strengthened with chemical inhibitor.The carbonic acid gas that winged insect is sent by it is attracted to described device.After entering the shell of this device, insect is blown into described trapping medium by fan, and is here, that insect is drowned.This trapping medium can contain one or more attractants, as lactic acid, so that lure insect to make its death better.(on April 30th, the 2002) similar device (mosQUTTo that on the http:www.allnaturessafeway.com website, discloses ^TMEradicator), in the trapping medium, adopted the combination of lactic acid and octanol attractant.The major defect of this device is that the described medium of luring itself may be revealed from its trapping pallet of opening or spill, thereby makes the user contact described compound and be contained in the insect of the inside.In addition, described trapping medium must regularly clean.In addition, the insect that is trapped in this device is not suitable for carrying out viviperception.

Up to the present, the topmost defective by the attractant of the form of disclosures such as Brittin is that it can not guarantee long-time stable release of attractant.The tray design of the opening of Brittin etc. provides chemical inhibitor to be diffused into big surface area in not modulated mode.At first, a large amount of attractants is released in the atmosphere, and the very fast sedimentation of these attractants is particularly all the more so for the high volatile volatile attractant compound.New attractant liquid may need time a couple of days to provide is enough to lure winged insect to fly to the level of the attractant of described trapping device.

Therefore, there are the needs to the system that can attract winged insect in the industry, and wherein, described attractant is relative nontoxic for the mankind with domestic pets, and described attractant is to produce with constant speed, and has long service life.

Summary of the invention

An aspect of of the present present invention relates to the winged insect trapping device with carbon dioxide source.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to the catalysis factor that is used for producing at the scene carbonic acid gas, has one or more biochemistry attractants of temptation to be used in combination to winged insect on this catalysis factor and the structure.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to the system that is used to lure and/or eliminate winged insect, and described insect attractant and/or elimination compound are stable and discharge equably.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to be eliminated composition with traditional insect and compares and have obviously more hypotoxic biochemistry attractant.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to the purposes that lactic acid is used to lure and/or eliminate winged insect.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to the purposes of solidifying L (+)-lactic acid solution of property aqueous solution with UV, so that this mixture can form the gelatine network under the UV irradiation.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to the system that is used to lure and/or eliminate winged insect, and it comprises L (+)-lactic acid gel layer and hydrogel layer.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to the attractant that is used to lure winged insect, it comprises L-(+)-lactic acid gel solution and hydrogel solution, wherein, (a) described L-(+)-lactic acid gel solution also comprises the PAA of 20wt%-50wt%, L-(+)-lactic acid of 50wt%-75wt%, the Macrogol 600 diacrylate of 1wt%-5wt%, the phosphine oxide of 1wt%-3wt%; (b) described hydrogel solution also comprises the PAA of 30wt%-70wt%, L-(+)-lactic acid of 2wt%-6wt%, the Macrogol 600 diacrylate of 1wt%-5wt%, the phosphine oxide of 0.5wt%-2wt% and the distilled water of 30wt%-70wt%.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to the method that preparation is used to lure the attractant of winged insect, comprises allowing the solution of a lactic acid and a UV reactive compounds be exposed to ultraviolet ray.

A kind of device that is used to lure winged insect, comprise and be used for the on-the-spot device that produces carbonic acid gas, the exhaust outlet that is used for release of carbon dioxide, be used to import the inlet of winged insect, the chamber that is used to catch insects that is communicated with described inlet and can enters by described inlet, and at least a attractant, wherein, described attractant also comprises the solution of a lactic acid and a UV reactive compounds.

After carrying out following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, be appreciated that other aspects of the present invention, feature and advantage, described accompanying drawing is the part of this specification, and it by way of example formal specification principle of the present invention.

Brief description of drawings

Fig. 1 is gel Lurex is produced in expression according to one embodiment of the invention a flow chart;

Fig. 2 is the various carriers that express liquid lactic acid soaked;

Fig. 3 is the different shape that expression is fit to the solid lactic acid attractant;

Fig. 4 is some vision attractant of expression is caught the influence of quantity to the insect of CO2 emission insect trap device a curve map;

Fig. 5 is expression lactic acid attractant is caught the appreciable impact of quantity to the insect of CO2 emission insect trap device a curve map;

Fig. 6 is an expression Lurex attractant from having a diameter is the curve map that discharges 0.14 inch the large-scale cartridge case in hole;

Fig. 7 is the perspective view of the device of another embodiment of the invention; With

Fig. 8 is the front view of device shown in Figure 7.

Detailed Description Of The Invention

In this article, term " biochemistry attractant " is used for liquid, gel or the Solid-state Chemistry preparation that expression has attractant compound, and described attractant compound can be simulated the feature of luring such as the human secretion of sweat and wound trickle. Described biochemistry attractant can be the native compound that separates, and such as the heterogeneous of lactic acid, perhaps can be by the synthetic compound of engineering method, in order to show the feature of luring of human secretion composition. For example, described attractant can be protein compound and organic acid.

In this article, " vision temptation " is used for the device that expression is arranged and is designed to lure by vision winged insect, lures winged insect to lure near the auto levelizer winged insect by the carbon dioxide column of smoke, flies to the place near insect entry. The geometric properties combination of vision temptation and color and design is so that simulation is used for the visual cues winged insect that target is decided host mammal.

The biochemistry attractant is the compound that can attract winged insect. Their are produced and be designed to control compound burst size in time, in order to guarantee the dispersion attractant of maintenance level, be used for implementing insect trapping. Usually attractant is designed to be able to provide high-performance bio chemistry attractant, it can be discharged into the atmosphere controllably according to the volatility of environment temperature, humidity, exhaust/carbon dioxide speed and described attractant compound.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, described biochemistry attractant comprises at least a relatively nontoxic, perhaps compare the toxicity with reduction with traditional insecticide, and be prepared to the natural insects attractant that to simulate by mammlian system release. Thus, organic acid and derivative thereof are suitable analogies. Can also use the mixture of attractant. These kairomones can be naturally occurring native compounds or can synthesize by engineering method.

Lactic acid, lactate and their combination that an example of suitable organic acid and derivative thereof is free acid form. Ammonium lactate is suitable lactate as attractant of the present invention. Ammonia, acetone, uric acid, butyric acid, dimethyl disulphide, 2-phenylethanol and derivative thereof also can be as the attractants of a lot of winged insects. Known multiple compounds is kairomone (referring to Park etc., J. Insect Physiol.45,85-91,1999, the content whole of the document is incorporated herein for reference). Attractant can be prepared into the particular types winged insect that can attract specially known harm particular locality.

In one aspect of the invention, described attractant is L (+)-lactic acid, and it uses separately or is used in combination with other attractants. In another embodiment, the mixture that can be used as with calcium lactate of described L (+)-lactic acid uses simultaneously. In another embodiment, L (+)-lactic acid can with ammonia, be used in combination such as ammonium hydroxide aqueous solution. Can use one or more biochemistry attractants, can be used as the mixture of single source encapsulation, perhaps from the described trap or otherwise with a plurality of independently sources of its combination.

The biochemistry attractant can be prepared into liquid or solid, in order to use with the disclosed insect trap device of this paper. Preferably, the solid attractant is powder type, and can compress or be molded as various shapes, such as bulk, and plug shape or ball shape. Solid insect attractant with in check rate of release is preferred. In a preferred embodiment, Powdered L (+)-lactic acid is compressed into the roundlet ball shape. Described attractant is at ingress of air or air-flow, and preferred contact discharges from described solid attractant during from CO2 emission air-flow heat, moist of insect attractant means.

Liquid attractant can be impregnated into such as on porous rod or frit (frit) carrier, described material can discharge described attractant compound behind ingress of air. Can adopt any suitable carrier that can keep releasedly the liquid bio chemical inhibitor. Concentration is being for about 3.5 g of each carrier frit are being higher than about 7 °F of ambient air temperature to the about liquid lactic acid of 4.5g, preferably is higher than when the contact carbon dioxide is discharged air-flow under environment temperature 3-5 °F the temperature to produce suitable outdoor insect temptation. Can optimize described concentration for specific environment.

The liquid bio chemical inhibitor can be loaded in the cartridge case, better control described attractant and be discharged into speed in the described insect trap device ambient air. Rate of release from the biochemistry attractant of attractant directly is directly proportional with temperature, namely by improving environment temperature, can obtain higher rate of release. Can adjust as required the temperature of carbon dioxide exhaust column of smoke temperature, in order to be increased in the release of attractant from trap under the certain environmental conditions.

The release of biochemistry attractant from liquid and solid attractant is an importance that obtains the insect attractant of level of significance within time a few days to several weeks. The about 2mg/hr extremely attractant rate of release of about 20 mg/hr is effectively, preferably in the extremely about 15mg/hr scope of about 4mg/hr. More preferably, described rate of release is extremely approximately 10mg/hr of about 6mg/hr, and most preferably described rate of release is about 10mg/hr. The amount of employed biochemistry attractant can change according to the environmental condition of the expection of the size and shape of attractant, selected preparation and described attractant in a kind of attractant.

Can adjust rate of release, in order to effectively trap the winged insect of particular types with specific biochemistry attractant. Some high volatile volatile attractant can use the volatile geometry that is designed to weaken this compound, so that the too early forfeiture of avoiding attractant to render a service. On the contrary, other more stable biochemistry attractants may need heating or other to react to promote it to be diffused in air or the carbon dioxide gas stream. Basically do not possess volatile compound and more be difficult to realize control to effective insect attractant.

Can select to be used for the shell of holding solid and liquid bio chemical inhibitor, so that make specific biochemistry attractant and contact coupling to air or such as the best that carbonic acid gas is discharged the air-flow of air-flow.Described shell can have a plurality of adjustable holes, so that the better control to the attractant diffusion velocity is provided.For example, can select and design attractant,, thereby lure the insect of carrying disease of particular types so that discharge specific biochemistry attractant with specific speed.With the design of preferred shell be made into similar tubulose and hang indigo plant with a plurality of release aperture.Described shell hangs indigo plant can have an end cap.Attractant shell of the present invention preferably is designed to the speed release attractant to about 20mg/hr with about 2mg/hr, and is to set according to the exhaust flue gas streams speed that described biochemistry attractant is touched.

In one aspect of the invention, described biochemistry attractant is with suitable biodegradable polymer formulation, and is molded into the article with specific three dimensional geometry.Select suitable biodegradable polymer, particularly be suitable for casting or extrusion molding.Described biodegradable polymer can decompose by random hydrolysis in time.Along with the erosion of the biodegradable polymer of molding, from described mechanograph, discharge the biochemistry attractant that makes new advances continuously.Can select described biochemistry attractant, so that degrade completely and erosion can cause the generation of the compound of easy to handle environmental sound.For example, poly-L (+)-lactide, the biodegradable polymer of poly-glycolide and poly-(lactide-co-glycolide) can be degraded, and forms L (+)-lactic acid respectively, glycolic and L (+)-lactic acid and glycolic.

Degradation speed can according to the variation in several weeks or several months or longer time at least of the surface area of the attractant of air streams contact.Described air flow is to select according to the environment for use of described biochemical compound and the expection of described attractant.Degradation speed can be formed by changing the polymer or the copolymer that are adopted, and is easily controlled by the geometry of adjusting described attractant, so that the surface area that increase or minimizing contact with carbonic acid gas or similar air-flow.Generally, the degradation speed of amorphous (being total to) polymer fast than semi-crystalline polymer.

In another aspect of this invention, described biochemistry attractant prepares with suitable polymers while mold by at least a biochemistry attractant, so that form the mechanograph that is injected with attractant.Can there be the mechanograph of temptation to carry out moulding to described, guarantees that described biochemistry attractant discharges necessary maximum surface area in time so that provide.In a more preferred embodiment, described molding process also comprises importing gas, so that produce the matrix in hole in described mechanograph.The air communication that these holes allow to discharge air-flow such as carbonic acid gas is crossed described mechanograph, so that increase the release of the biochemistry attractant that is contained in the inside.This design allows less insect attractant to discharge from described attractant with continuous speed, so that the attractant of the level that works can be distributed in the environment in long-time.

The injection molding of described biochemistry attractant also makes described attractant to produce with the global facility form, at described attractant be equipped with between the shell of described attractant mechanical interface is provided.Described mechanical interface, as hook, lug and snap-fitting etc. makes attractant can be fit to specific shell.Described shell can perhaps have special trapping device in order to use at particular market and to design.Like this, attractant can be with the winged insect species relevant with particular locality and custom-designed at environmental condition.Described market selectivity biochemistry attractant can be used to the terminal use that selection to the insect trap device that changes them is provided, so that after buying, adjust needs.

In another aspect of this invention, the biochemistry attractant can be connected on the insect trap device, this device designs in order to use with the fuels sources that ignitable fuel is housed, so that produce carbonic acid gas.On the one hand, described device comprises support; Place the insect trap chamber on the described support; Place the burner on the described support and install and be designed to insect attractant be arrived the insect attractant of described insect trap chamber by biochemical method.Described burner comprises and is used for the inlet that is connected with described fuels sources, exhaust outlet, and the combustion chamber that connects described inlet and exhaust outlet.Described inlet makes the fuel from described fuels sources can flow into described combustion chamber, so that continuous burning here, thereby in described combustion chamber, produce waste gas.

Described burner also comprises being placed on and is positioned at the catalyst component that carries out continuous burning point downstream in the described combustion chamber.Described catalyst body comprises catalytically-active materials, and it can change into carbonic acid gas with the carbon monoxide in the waste gas during operation.The combine analog of CO 2 waste gas and chemical inhibitor the compound that discharges by mammal, winged insect detects this compound seeking host Shi Neng.Described feature is disclosed in the pending U.S. Patent Application 10/264,260, and the content whole of this patent is incorporated herein for reference.

On described support, waste gas outlet is arranged, and be communicated with the exhaust outlet of described burner.Described exhaust outlet can make waste gas pass through described air exit outflow, so that can be flown to described air exit by the insect that carbonic acid gas attracted in the waste gas.Place near described air exit on described support also has insect entry.Described insect entry is communicated with described insect trap chamber, so that winged insect can enter described trap chamber by described insect entry.Constructed the vacuum plant that is communicated with described insect entry, and sucked described insect trap chamber by the insect that insect entry will attracted to described waste gas outlet.In order to increase the attraction of described insect entry to insect, the container that will comprise the biochemistry attractant be connected on the described trapping device the insect entry place or near this inlet.

The advantage of this embodiment of the present invention is, the catalyst body that is used to produce the carbonic acid gas of luring insect is provided, and the location of described biochemistry attractant and design can provide continuous attractant sources with in check rate of release.Described design is to lure the improvement of the insect trap device of insect to only depending on carbonic acid gas, since the fixed carbonic acid gas column of smoke that sends from described air exit of insect possibility target, and needn't fly near described insect entry enough near to be captured in the place in the described insect trap chamber.Add biochemistry attractant of the present invention, can significantly strengthen this device and be attracted effect aspect the insect that comes in trapping, obtained former unforeseen collaborative humidification.

The embodiment of the aspect of the present invention that this paper is disclosed can adopt described biochemistry attractant itself, perhaps is proved the other materials combination that can lure winged insect with one or more.Therefore, can adopt the combination of two or more insect attractant compositions, as carbonic acid gas and at least a biochemistry attractant, and/or the combination of one or more vision insect temptations.Preferably, the vision temptation is used for strengthening synergistically the attraction of trapping device to winged insect.Specifically, select vision insect temptation, so that the visual cues of the winged insect that is designed to lure particular types is provided.Described vision temptation can be designed to provide at least two kinds bigger contrast chromatic zones.More preferably, described vision temptation comprises one or more luminous black surfaces, high brightness specular silver surface, or in fuchsin and the silver-colored zone one or more.Described vision temptation can comprise ratio be 50: 50 to about 70: 30 fuchsin: the silver zone.Preferably, fuchsin: silver is about 60: 40 to about 70: 30.

Described vision temptation can be designed to be connected the geometry on the trapping device, select described geometry, so that trap specific winged insect kind specially.For example, described vision temptation can comprise curved surface and plane combination of features.Confirmed already that colored spheroid and cone had temptation to some winged insect.But, a lot of shaped design can be become have maximum surface area,, thereby lure susceptible winged insect to enter trapping device so that colored temptation is represented to insect.

The vision temptation can also be integrated with the function or the architectural feature of trapping device.Therefore, vision insect temptation can comprise at least a portion of one or more colored insect trapping parts, enters shower nozzle as upright supporting leg, trapping device shell, air exit shower nozzle and insect.For example, trapping device can comprise that being molded into the insect with fuchsin part and silver color part enters shower nozzle, has confirmed surprisingly that already this color scheme has outstanding insect attractant ability.This combination that enters shower nozzle and one or more biochemistry attractants and the carbonic acid gas exhaust column of smoke can make the winged insect trapping device have extra high insect and catch quantity.

Fig. 1 is the flow chart of expression preparation two-phase aqueous gel shape Lurex.Lurex is the trade name of mosquito attractant, and its main component is food-grade L (+)-lactic acid aqueous solution.It particularly has good allure to aedes albopictus to mosquito.Preparation Lurex enables with higher speed at Mosquito

Discharge the time in L (+)-3,4 weeks of lactic acid in the trapping device.

In order to form Lurex,, and under ultraviolet irradiation, make whole solution form gelatine network (L (+)-lactic acid gel) with L (+)-lactic acid solution and UV-curing property aqueous solution.Between the jelling structure of L (+)-lactic acid and formation, do not exist chemistry to connect.In other words, between L (+)-lactic acid and described gelatine network, there is not chemical bond.Therefore, L (+)-lactic acid can be according to environmental temperature, freely discharges from L (+)-lactic acid gel with the speed of needs.In the Lurex cartridge case, hydrogel layer is placed below L (+)-lactic acid gel, it plays a part water receptacle, and supplies water to L (+)-lactic acid gel continuously, so that keep rate of release and the time that needs.Table 1 shows the compound that is used to produce Lurex.

Table 1

At UFP Technologies, Inc.MA is by vacuum forming and heat seal method, with transparent PET (PETG) film production cartridge case.Described cartridge case is the carrier of Lurex, and can discharge L-(+)-lactic acid by the hole on the described cartridge case upper surface with specific speed.Size and quantity by described hole control the speed that L-(+)-lactic acid discharges from described cartridge case.In one embodiment of the invention, a hole is arranged on cartridge surface; The diameter in described hole is 0.14 inch.The multilayer tape that utilization is made up of aluminium foil and heat-sealable plastic film seals the release surface of described cartridge case, and can the described cartridge case of mark.

The equipment that is used to prepare Lurex comprises glassware and the canister that is used for preparing chemical solution, the air operated blender, pH meter, chemical solution is assigned to distributor in the cartridge case, the UV cure system (for example, by Fusion UV Systems, the Fusion F300S-6 that Inc. produces, it comprises a ultraviolet lamp and conveyer belt), and heat seal machine (on cartridge surface, applying heat-sealable adhesive tape).

In order to prepare Lurex, at first prepare PAA solution.PAA is an example of UV curable aqueous solution, and the aqueous solution of PAA and Lurex is with (it is an example of bi-functional cross-linking agent such as SR610, and in this molecule two two keys are functional groups) two or trifunctional crosslinking agent when under heating or ultraviolet irradiation condition, reacting, can form gel-like structure.The PAA of commercially producing can be used to prepare Lurex, in addition, can be by allowing sodium hydroxide and the acrylic acid preparation PAA that reacts, wherein sodium hydroxide and acrylic acid all are easy to buy from a plurality of manufacturers there.

In table 2, illustrated be used for preparing PAA solution (at distilled water, the amount of starting material 35.5wt%).Sodium hydroxide and acrylic acid reaction are simple acid-base neutralization reactions, and wherein, equimolecular sodium hydroxide and acrylic acid react, and form PAA and water.By the amount of control reactant and the pH value of change reaction solution, determine the end of this reaction.The pH of the freshly prepd PAA aqueous solution (35.5wt%) is 8-9 (measuring with the pH test paper).Because sodium hydroxide and acrylic acid all are severe corrosives, and this reaction is the height heat release, so preferably carry out this reaction in cold bath.But, any method that is used to produce PAA all belongs to scope of the present invention.

Table 2

Compound	Referential weight (gram)	Weight %
			Sodium hydroxide	40.0	15.1
Distilled water	153.0	57.7
			Acrylic acid	72.0	27.2
Amount to	265.0	100.0

Sodium hydroxide sheet (40.0 gram) is dissolved in the distilled water (153.0 gram), and the preparation sodium hydroxide solution adds in the acrylic acid (72.0 gram) then gradually, stirs simultaneously.Measure the pH value of final solution with pH meter.The concentration of the final PAA that forms (94.0 gram) solution is 35.5% weight.

Also by solid Irgacure 651 being dissolved in the acetone, and this solution is sealed in the bottle, has prepared light trigger according to the consumption shown in the following table.These consumptions have been produced Irgacure 651 solution (in acetone, 18.2wt%).

Compound	Referential weight (gram)	Percentage by weight
			Irgacure 651	2	18.2
Acetone	9	81.8

Described Lurex attractant preferably has double structure, and it comprises L-(+)-lactic acid gel (being positioned at the top of cartridge case) and hydrogel (being positioned at the bottom of cartridge case).As shown in table 3, the composition of L-(+)-lactic acid gel and hydrogel is different.In order to prepare L-(+)-lactic acid gel and hydrogel, at first in container, stir PAA solution, in order water (if necessary), L-(+)-lactic acid, SR610 and Irgacure 651 are added successively.Although disclosed consumption and method are preferred, it will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that with different consumptions and method and produce similar L-(+)-lactic acid gel and hydrogel is feasible.

Table 3

Chemical substance	(wt.％)	(wt.％)
			PAA solution (35.5wt%)	47.0	37.0
L-(+)-lactic acid (Purac FCC 88)	3.4	59.6
			SR 610	3.4	2.4
Irgacure 651 solution	1.2	1.0
			Distilled water	45.0
Amount to	100.0	100.0

L-(+)-lactic acid gel in cartridge case and the amount of hydrogel had been studied with thermokinetics by experiment already, so that obtain the highest rate of release and service life.In one embodiment, the hydrogel of L-(+)-lactic acid gel of 11 grams and 3.5 grams shows 14 days the rate of release that is higher than 10mg/hr, and the rate of release (under about 90) that adds 6 days 4mg/hr-9mg/hr.The rate of release that the consumption that increases hydrogel can cause being higher than 10mg/hr surpassed for 3 weeks.

In order to solidify the Lurex attractant, at first hydrogel solution is assigned in the plastic cartridge casep with dispenser, and by allow described cartridge case from ultraviolet ray or thermal source below by and gelling.In a preferred embodiment, use uviol lamp, carry out UV-A and UV-V radiation with D-bulb.In another embodiment, utilize conveyer belt allow described cartridge case with the speed of 10 feet per minute clocks from ultraviolet ray or thermal source below by.Allow L-(+)-lactic acid gel solution be distributed in hydrogel top in the described cartridge case.Described L-(+)-lactic acid gel solution is solidified.With the surface of heat-sealable tape applications at each cartridge case, and packing, so that transport to the consumer.What belong to the scope of the invention is, before described hydrogel solution solidifies or the described L-of curing during (+)-lactic acid gel solution.What belong to the scope of the invention equally is that described L-(+)-lactic acid gel solution and hydrogel solution solidify respectively, and choose wantonly in step subsequently and assemble.

Although do not select to be subjected to the constraint of curing reaction mechanism, below be a kind of mechanism that had proposed already.Described basic ingredient PAA has a two key in a molecule, and curing agent SR610 has two two keys in a molecule.Described pair of key is the avtive spot of described UV solidification process.Under ultraviolet light, light trigger (Irgacure 651 or 819 DW) discharges the free radical that can react with two keys, and it can be cracked into singly-bound with two keys.The singly-bound of the cracking of SR 610 molecules can be further combines with the singly-bound of the cracking of four PAA molecules respectively, forms three-dimensional net structure.Described liquid L-(+)-lactic acid and water are limited in the described gelatine network, still, as noted earlier, do not combine with this gelatine network.

Although described L (+)-lactic acid gel and described hydrogel utilize UV-living polymerization molecule (acrylates) production, those skilled in the art are well-known to be, described gel can be produced by other method.For example, gel can be produced by the following method: addition polymerization, polycondensation, carbon cation polymerization, radical ion polymerization, anionic polymerisation and organic metal polymerization.Employed monomer also can change, and comprise replacement or unsubstituted alkane, that replace or unsubstituted alkene, that replace or unsubstituted alkynes, that replace or unsubstituted diene, carbohydrate replacement or unsubstituted, nucleotide replacement or unsubstituted, that replace or unsubstituted lipid and that replace or unsubstituted ammonia ester.On a lot of standard molecules, add such as halogen-, amino-, oxygen-, hydroxyl-, sulfenyl-, nitro-, alkoxyl-, and aryloxy group-group can cause their to be fit to polymerisation.Gelatin polymer can be natural (for example, latex) or synthetic (for example, nylon and polyvinylchloride).Gel can also form by other non-polymeric reactions, for example, and Acid-Base reaction, precipitation reaction and substitution reaction.

Except ultraviolet ray, can also cause, control by several different methods and stop polymerisation, these methods comprise heating, cooling, free radical, visible light, infrared (IR) line, β radiation and γ radiation.

Can also be with other forms of solid, semisolid or liquid lactic acid are used for the present invention.For example, can use the lactic acid of clinkering to replace the lactic acid gel or be used in combination with the lactic acid gel.What belong to the scope of the invention equally is to make described attractant comprise the lactic acid of gel form and another kind of attractant or the lactic acid of clinkering form and the another kind of attractant of gel form of clinkering form.

Fig. 7 is the perspective view of winged insect trapping device according to another embodiment of the invention.Fig. 8 is the front view of device shown in Figure 7.To install 10 and be designed to and the ignitable fuel source, use together to the propane tank 12 of the general type of barbecue rack fuel supplying as being used for by the consumer.In a broad aspect, device 10 general utility functions are the waste gas that discharging has elevated carbon dioxide content, so that attracting mosquitoes and can be by the Other Meat biting insects that carbonic acid gas attracted.The air-flow that flows into will be attracted the insect that comes and suck the interior trap chamber of this device,, catch described insect here, and by toxin or dehydration/hunger it be killed.In addition, the user who is engaged in insect research may select not kill the insect that catches, but before checkmating they is taken out from installing 10, so that carry out biopsy.No matter concrete insect catches purpose is what, and the general function of device 10 is to lure and catch winged insect.The details how this embodiment of the present invention is implemented will be discussed below.

Described device 10 comprises supporting structure 14, and it comprises and is supported on one group of shell 16 on the supporting leg 17.In Fig. 7 and embodiment shown in Figure 8, utilize two supporting legs 17 to come supporting housing 16.But, supporting structure 14 can have any structure or the shape that is fit to carry the following workpiece of being discussed, and for example, can adopt tripod structure.In addition, described support can comprise wheel 15.In addition, supporting structure 14 can also comprise the gripper shoe 19 that is used to carry propane container 12, so that jar 12 and device 14 can be used as a whole Transporting.

Housing 16 comprises bottom enclosure mounted thereto 18 and top casing 20. Shell 18 and 20 utilizes conventional fixture, bonding agent, snap-fit relationship or any other suitable manner to be connected and is fixed together.In Fig. 7 and embodiment shown in Figure 8, shell 18 and 20 is molded with plastics; But, in general, shell 18,20 and housing 16 can be made with any material, and can adopt Any shape, structure or structure.

It is outstanding downwards from bottom enclosure 18 that tubulose sucks shower nozzle 22, and with latter's global formation.Suck shower nozzle 22 and have flared lower end 24, it is connected by fixture or snap fit and sucks on the shower nozzle 22, and therefore constitutes the part of this shower nozzle.Flared lower end 24 has formed insect entry 26.Shower nozzle 22 is applied vacuum, and will be sucked insect entry 26, so that catch by the insect that carbonic acid gas attracted that device 10 is emitted.Therefore suction shower nozzle 22 that is provided and inlet 26 can be carried on the described support 14 in any suitable manner, and illustrated structure only is a kind of exemplary structure.Therefore, can use other structures.

To export shower nozzle 28 is installed in the suction shower nozzle 22 with one heart.Outlet shower nozzle 28 has the air exit 30 of the lower end that is positioned at it.The effect of outlet shower nozzle 28 and air exit 30 thereof is the waste gas " column of smoke " that allows to comprise carbonic acid gas from here outwards and flow downward.When the off-gas flows that flows downward reached ground, it flowed radially outward along ground from installing 10.Can be detected the carbonic acid gas column of smoke of emission by the mosquito that carbonic acid gas attracted of from described device 10, discharging and other insects, and seek the described column of smoke and following the trail of its source, promptly described exhaust outlet 30.

As by disclosed structure as can be seen, because described outlet shower nozzle 28 is concentric with described suction shower nozzle 22, the insect that is attracted can seek its source of described carbonic acid gas tracking (promptly, described outlet 30), therefore, when arriving described outlet 30, their can be at once near described insect entry 26.As a result, the insect that is attracted can directly fly into and suck shower nozzle 22 and its insect entry 26 is communicated with the region of no pressure that is produced, and here they are inhaled into device 10, and are trapped in there.In Fig. 8, vacuum enters the air-flow separately that flows out with waste gas by entering air-flow and the effluent stream arrow is represented.In the document of Wigton etc. and Miller etc., shown this further details and variation (U.S. Patent number 6,286,249, its content whole is incorporated herein for reference) on the one hand of disclosed structure.

The upper case 20 of housing 16 comprises into door to access 32, it can move between the opening and closing position, so that open and close the inlet port 34 that is arranged on the shell wall, be installed on the upper case 20 door 32 rotors, be inserted on the upper case 20 the hole (not shown) that forms by the pivot pin 36 that will be arranged in its upper end, so that help its opening and closing campaign near mouthfuls 34 top edge.In the scope of broad of the present invention, described door 32 can separate with shell 16 fully, perhaps can utilize any suitable structure to connect, so that realize opening and closing motion.In fact, door 32 is not necessary, and only is a measure easily.34 periphery connects along the hole with deformable packing ring 38 (not shown), so that provide sealing between the periphery of door 32 and mouthfuls 34.

Mesh sack 40 is removably mounted in the shell 16, and the inside of this sack has formed insect trap chamber.The trap chamber that is formed by sack 40 is communicated with insect entry 26, so that the insect that sucks by vacuum can be deposited in the bag 40, here, they can be dehydrated and dead.In addition, can handle the material of bag 40, so that the function of the insect that helps to terminate with toxic agent.But, this is not an essential feature of the present invention.Access door 32 and relevant mouth 34 thereof make it possible to enter the inside of shell 16, make the user can contact net pouch 40 in needs, so that dismantle/change.As a kind of replacement scheme, can replace mesh sack 40 with plastic casing or any other suitable structure.

In Fig. 7 and embodiment shown in Figure 8, door 32 usefulness transparent materials are made, so that the enough eye examination sacks 40 of user's energy need to determine whether dismounting/replacing.Specifically, described transparent material makes the user to confirm that sack 40 is whether or near full insect capacity by naked eyes.Door 32 must not be transparent, and, to cross just as previously mentioned, this device must not need door 32 and the mouth 34 relevant with it.

In shell 16, the biochemistry attractant is installed, this attractant is to lure the ability of winged insect to select according to it.Described biochemistry attractant can be to produce like this, so that its to be size be fit to be installed in the shell 16 solid plunger.In addition, described biochemistry attractant can be immersed on the carrier hydrophilic porous frit (frit) as shown in Figure 2.Preferably, the solid attractant is the powder of energy free-flow or compressed format.The lactic acid of compression or moulding form comprises tablet or " sphere ", bulk or the stratiform cake piece of described compound as shown in Figure 3.In described solid attractant prescription, can comprise suitable excipient,, realize continuing for a long time to discharge so that obtain the compression of desired level.The example of the preferred embodiment of described attractant comprises the pulverulent mixture of L-(+)-lactic acid and calcium lactate.In particularly preferred embodiments, at least a biochemistry attractant is mixed with suitable polymers, and be molded as 3 dimensional coil geometry, this shape is designed to be fit to coupling attractant shell 16.

The invention will be further described in the non-limiting examples below.

Embodiment 1: mosquito attractant: food-grade L-(+)-lactic acid aqueous solution

For the effectiveness of test organisms chemical inhibitor, lactic product FCC 88 is used as the sample attractant in the carbonic acid gas exhaust shower nozzle lower end of insect trap device.FCC 88 is the natural L-of food-grade (+)-lactic acid of being produced by sugar by fermentation.It has soft tart flavour, and is widely used as the acidulant of food industry.In table 4, listed the characteristic of this commercialization lactic acid.

Table 4

Select the packing of sample L-(+)-lactic acid solution, so that strengthen the effective dispersion of lactic acid in the carbonic acid gas exhaust column of smoke of insect trap device.Liquid lactic acid (FCC 88) is immersed in hydrophilic porous rod or the frit, then it is sealed in 6mL high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE) bottle.Each frit fluid milk acid soak mistake of 3.5g-4.5g.

The rate of release test is carried out under laboratory condition at first, so that the dispersing character of assessment L-(+)-lactic acid from the frit cartridge case that soaked.To remove the described sample flasket of lid and put into " hanging blue shape " shell, so that make lactic acid steam from the frit that soaked, to discharge with a plurality of holes/mouth.The shell of additional insect attractant parts is inserted in the exhaust shower nozzle of insect trap device.In order to compare, under two temperature, to measure lactic acid and discharge.Exhaust column of smoke temperature correspondingly is set at 87 °F and 97 °F.The result of described release test has been shown in the table 5 below.

Table 5

Show that in the laboratory test results shown in the table 5 lactic acid steam is the time and temperature dependent from the speed that the frit cartridge case that soaked discharges.Under constant temperature, be 87 °F here, the rate of release of lactic acid is passed in time and is descended.Under higher temperature, obtained bigger rate of release.The rate of release that obtains with identical sample under 97-100 temperature is 5.0mg/hr-7.1mg/hr, and wherein said same sample discharged 5-8 days time at the lactic acid of 87 described samples of test already.

Change according to the quantity of the attractant of initial handling in the described cartridge case and the environmental condition that described cartridge case contacted the service life of the frit cartridge case that soaked with liquid L-(+)-lactic acid.The limit that can customize specific cartridge case is used or release time, so that satisfy the rate of release requirement of certain environmental conditions.For example, according to estimates, the cartridge case of 3.5g liquid L-(+)-lactic acid can use 2-4 week at least under the average rate of release of 5mg/hr-10mg/hr.The polymer formulations of attractant prescription estimates to have longer release time.

The field test of L-(+)-allure of lactic acid attractant in insect trap device is carried out in Hawaii.The sample of the frit that soaked of Zhi Bei L-(+)-lactic acid is to be installed in Mosquito in Hawaii as stated above

(RI USA) carries out in the opening in the shell that " hangs blue shape " the Professional trapping device for AmericanBiophysics Corporation, East Greenwich.Test was carried out 4 days in the January.Change the bottle that the frit that lactic acid soaked is housed every three days, with the uniformity of guaranteeing to measure.The rate of release of measuring is approximately 4.0mg/hr-20mg/hr.Contrast is to carry out with the Professional trapping device that lacks the lactic acid attractant.At specimen and control treatment, the quantity of the mosquito in the seizure bag that is limited in insect trap device is carried out quantitatively.As shown in table 6, compare as the trapping device of attractant with only depending on carbonic acid gas, comprise that the attractant of L-(+)-lactic acid solution has obtained higher total mosquito seizure amount.This liquid lactic acid attractant is being lured aspect aedes albopictus one Asia " brave mosquito " especially more effectively, and described mosquito is considered to propagate dengue fever virus and West Nile Virus.

Table 6

According to the Hawaii field test, be higher than the rate of release of 4mg/hr, under the most of condition that can induce mosquito to grow, can obtain good mosquito and catch effect.

The effect of lactic acid attractant and disclosed suffering-3-alcohol has been compared in other tests of being carried out, has confirmed lactic acid when using with carbonic acid gas column of smoke generating means, lure aspect the winged insect more more effective surprisingly than 1-octene-3-alcohol.For example, in an experiment, the lactic acid attractant has been traped 300-500 winged insect in two day time, and contains insect that the device of 1-octene-3-alcohol catches less than 100.Same surprising be to use Mosquito under the situation of lactic acid attractant having and do not have

Liberty trapping device (American BiophysicsCorporation, East Greenwich, RI, USA) result of experiment of carrying out.Liberty trapping device itself only uses the carbonic acid gas column of smoke as attractant, and it has captured about 2,000 winged insects in two day time.Add the lactic acid attractant winged insect quantity of catching is brought up to about 4,700, comparing this with the effect of the device that only uses carbonic acid gas is a kind of surprising raising.

Described experimental test data illustrate with the curve map form in Fig. 5.Test result shows, the lactic acid of solid (suppository) and liquid (melt (frit)) form is compared with the contrast quantity of only using carbonic acid gas to lure trapping device to obtain mosquito, has obviously improved Pest trapping quantity.It is shocking, compare with the lactic acid attractant of Fig. 2 and shape shown in Fig. 3, known attractant octanol be proved lure aspect the winged insect quite invalid.

Use the particularly advantageous aspect of biochemistry attractant trapping mosquito to be, have the big safety relevant with it, all the more so when particularly comparing with the traditional chemical attractant.FCC 88 (L-(+)-lactic acid solution) has been shown to various mammiferous acute toxicities in table 7.

Table 7

Species	Dosage
		LD 50/ oral/rat	3.73g/kg
LD 50/ oral/mouse	4.875g/kg
		LD 50/ through skin/rabbit	2.0g/kg

On the contrary, give the LD of the oral 1-octene-3-alcohol of rat ₅₀Be 0.34g/kg.Therefore, the toxicity of L-(+)-lactic acid solution that uses in the superincumbent experiment is than 1-octene-3-alcohol hangs down about 11 times, and 1-octene-3-alcohol is the attractant that is widely used as most of commercialization mosquito trapping apparatus.Although local contact L-(+)-lactic acid solution may cause the stimulation to eyes and skin, and when sucking lactic acid smog, can stimulate respiratory system, can be but operate correctly that described biochemistry attractant can eliminate basically to the people's of average susceptibility toxicity problem.Correct operation and processing L-(+)-lactic acid solution attractant comprise avoids direct contact liq attractant cartridge case or solid pill.

Therefore, the biochemistry attractant can be to produce like this, so that described reactive compound does not contact with skin.For example, the solid pill of biochemistry attractant can be wrapped in the semipermeability film.The liquid attractant that is immersed on the carrier can be handled in a similar manner.The attractant of changing can be used as disposable unit package, so that further reduce and the contacting of skin, and improves the convenience of use.For security consideration, attractant can be packaged in has in the container of protective effect children.These aspects of the present invention are better than the scheme of Brittin etc., and wherein, the liquid capture medium that contains attractant is open and can contacts, and is not to provide with the potential safety packaging form that contacts of companion animals to limit the people.

Refuse from residue and original product can be used as wastewater treatment, carries out landfill or burning according to the regulation of locality.

Embodiment 2: L-(+)-lactic acid is to the allure of mosquito in the test of Hawaii

In table 8, illustrated at Mosquito

In Professional (PRO) and the Liberty trapping device with the comparison of lactic acid/carbonic acid gas and independent carbonic acid gas as attractant.

In table 9, illustrated at Mosquito

Comparison among the Professional (PRO) between employed lactic acid and the 1-octene-3-alcohol.

Table 9

Embodiment 3: L-(+)-lactic acid is to the allure of mosquito in the test that China carries out

The mosquito type of finding in China comprises northern house (majority), aedes albopictus, Anopheles sinensis (minority) and Armigetes subalbatus (minority).As if compare with carbonic acid gas, the mosquito (Hefei, Wuhu, Shanghai) of China is not very sensitive to chemicals (Lurex or matsutake alcohol).The mosquito quantity of the catch of every day depends primarily on the Seasonal Distribution of mosquito.Compare with matsutake alcohol, Lurex more has temptation to aedes albopictus.With Mosquito

The Liberty trapping device is used for present embodiment.

Lurex (containing carbonic acid gas) and the comparison of having only carbonic acid gas have been shown in table 9

Table 9

Comparison between Lurex (containing carbonic acid gas) and the matsutake alcohol (containing carbonic acid gas) has been shown in table 10.

Table 10

The Lurex laboratory experiment that the Lurex that contains carbonic acid gas and Lurex only is provided and the comparison of fan is only arranged has been shown in table 11.

Table 11

The speed that embodiment 4:Lurex discharges from the big cartridge case with 0.14 inch diameter hole

Described Lurex cartridge case is equipped with L-(+)-lactic acid gel of 11.0g and the hydrogel of 3.5g.Described release temperature is 90 °F, and discharges the described cartridge case of test on the platform in the laboratory.The result is as shown in table 12.

Table 12

Time (hr)	Rate of release (mg/hr)	Total burst size (g)	Time (hr)	Rate of release (mg/hr)	Total burst size (g)
						0	0	0	261	12.9	4.63
1.9	31.4	0.0	267	12.5	4.70
						3.3	26	0.10	270	10.1	4.74
4.3	25.2	0.12	312	9.9	5.15
						6	23.6	0.16	338	12.0	5.47
20.9	24.2	0.52	358	9.0	5.65
						22.4	22.1	0.56	361	8.9	5.68
28.7	27.9	0.61	366	8.9	5.72
						30.5	25.4	0.65	381	8.1	5.85
45	18.2	0.91	387	6.1	5.88
						68.9	19.8	1.32	390	5.9	5.9
71.9	17.2	1.37	405	5.7	5.98
						73.9	18.6	1.41	411	5.0	6.01
104.1	17.9	1.93	428.8	5.2	6.11
						165	19.3	3.10	437.9	4.9	6.15
171.4	20.8	3.24	479.7	4.2	6.32
						174.1	19.1	3.29	501	3.6	6.40
188.7	17.3	3.54	506.5	2.1	6.41
						195.0	17.9	3.66	510.8	2	6.42
198	18.7	3.71	524.9	2.3	6.45
						213	16.5	3.96	532.8	2.4	6.47
219	15.8	4.05	549.2	2.1	6.51
						222	14.7	4.10	557.5	1.5	6.52
237	14.2	4.31	597.6	1.6	6.58
						241	14.6	4.37	598.9	1	6.58
246	14.2	4.44

Therefore, be understandable that, above aspect of the present invention has been described already comprehensively and fully.For 26S Proteasome Structure and Function principle of the present invention is described, above-mentioned specific embodiments was provided already, and had been not to be confined to these explanations.On the contrary, it is intended that the present invention include all improvement, the change of the design that belongs to above detailed description and scope and substituting.

Claims (14)

1. a device comprises: the trap chamber that is used to collect insect; The inlet that is communicated with described trap chamber; And flow generator, construct described flow generator air is sucked described trap chamber, so that be inhaled into described trap chamber near the insect of described inlet by described inlet; And be used at least a attractant of insect attractant to described device, wherein said attractant comprises lactic acid aqueous solution, with when about 2 weeks of lactic acid that discharge about 1.0-35mg/hr under about 90 temperature when steady air flow from described flow generator contacts.

2. the device of claim 1, wherein said attractant also comprises the aqueous solution of monomer and water, wherein, the described aqueous solution can form the gelatine network by the polymerization of described monomer, and wherein said water not with described gelatine network chemical bond.

3. the device of claim 1, wherein said solution comprises the gel that contains lactic acid of 50-90wt%.

4. the device of claim 1, wherein said attractant by engineering design, construct or be installed in the described device, with sustained release lactic acid.

5. the device of claim 4, wherein said release enters CO 2 waste gas with the speed of about 2.0-20mg/hr.

6. the device of claim 2, wherein said hydrogel comprises the water of 30-70wt%.

7. the device of claim 3, wherein the lactic acid in described lactic acid gel not with described lactic acid gel in gelatine network chemical bond.

8. the device of claim 3, wherein said lactic acid gel also comprises the UV reactive compound.

9. the device of claim 1, wherein said lactic acid is L (+)-lactic acid.

10. the device of claim 8, wherein said UV reactive compound is acrylic acid or acrylates.

11. the device of claim 3, wherein said lactic acid gel also comprises light trigger.

12. the device of claim 11, wherein said light trigger are light triggers is 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethlene-1-ketone or phosphine oxide.

13. the device of claim 3, wherein said lactic acid gel also comprises crosslinking agent.

14. the device of claim 13, wherein said crosslinking agent are the Macrogol 600 diacrylates.

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