RU2459409C2 - Autonomous trap-complex for mites and mosquitoes for open and closed landscapes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to means and methods of attraction and reduction of the number of arthropods that transmit pathogens of encephalitis, tick-borne borreliosis and some other diseases. Autonomous trap-complex contains a trolley with two platforms, a battery, a reversing fan, a tube with attractant to attract mites, a tube with the attractant to attract mosquitoes, a vibrator and receiving collectors for mites. Tubes with the attractant and receiving collectors for mites contain heaters. Tube for attracting mosquitoes has a bell. Through the bell when switching the fan reverser the mosquitoes are absorbed. The vibrator provides a surface acoustic wave to attract mites.

EFFECT: possibility of reducing the number of mites and mosquitoes is achieved without the use of chemicals.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to methods of protecting health, agriculture, to the field of pest control, animal husbandry, where there is a need to combat parasitic (blood-sucking) ticks, mosquitoes.

The device actively attracts them and reduces their number in the population (in the outbreak). It can be used in the field of epidemiology, entomology, biogeocenology when conducting research.

State of the art

Over the past 60 years, people have not been able to reduce the number of ticks and mosquitoes in the biocenosis using chemicals, the treatment of which could give a temporary effect and creates a high level of pollution of the biocenosis. You can reasonably reduce the number of dangerous species (Korenberg, 1983), but after using chemistry, the biocenosis is in a state of shock, along with many other species of living organisms. This means that such a method and methods are needed that will reduce the number of dangerous insects and will not negatively affect people's health, keeping flora and fauna alive and not polluting the biocenosis. The reduction in numbers should be effective and environmentally friendly. Attempts to fight ticks and mosquitoes with the help of chemical agents do not allow to achieve the goal, because mutations appear among the remaining living individuals in the treated focus, and there is a need to develop new means of chemistry. The use of chemistry is unacceptable or in case of urgent need should be limited.

The invention RU No. 2204901, which offers protection against flying insects, tested "in closed rooms", allows you to operate it only locally. A “tick trap” (RU 2360413 C1, IPC A01M 1/10, 2007) may be useful in open landscapes where the invention has been tested and shown to work. Its disadvantage is that, given the significant spread in the density of soil structures in the source (Bondarenko, 1975), in which it is necessary to use a vibrating device, the energy consumption for the propagation of acoustic waves increases, which limits the use of the device.

Not finding safe and harmless means for himself, mankind lost. So, other solutions are needed to achieve the goal.

Intimidating existing chemicals and other products do not reduce the number of ticks and mosquitoes.

The declared "Autonomous trap-complex for ticks and mosquitoes, for open and closed landscapes" is distinguished by a combination of interaction and coordination of actions of its devices, which take into account the biology of ticks and mosquitoes, and a number of signs of their sensory sensitivity, which is a difference from WO 2003094611, publ. 11/20/2003, an invention that is intended for flying insects.

Based on our own experimental data and studying the work of many researchers of Parazitiforms, it was possible to use a set of natural odors in a trap as an arthropod attraction: the tick sensilla reacted to the smell of the barn, cow's wool and especially well to the smell of cow's wool. Smell is a food irritant (attractants here mean food, an enhanced analogue of the sweat smell of a warm-blooded animal actively attracts mosquitoes). Using gas chromatography methods, a number of researchers were able to isolate various substances from rabbit odors, cow odors, and cow washings using the methods of correlated gas chromatography and electrophysiology using a biodetector (living tick) (Steullet and Guerin, 1994).

The obtained electrophysiological results were confirmed by behavioral data.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A moving organism on the soil surface creates a vibrational surface-acoustic wave. Experiments have shown that ticks and mosquitoes are attracted by the point of location of a warm-blooded organism, from which body heat, carbon dioxide, etc., are distributed along with the surface wave, which becomes a signal for ticks and mosquitoes: “food!”.

The task of attracting and reducing the number of ticks and mosquitoes is solved with the help of an autonomous trap-complex, described in the attached claims.

"An autonomous trap-complex for ticks and mosquitoes for open and closed landscapes" creates an acoustic wave with a given frequency by a vibrating device, becoming the epicenter of attraction, in combination with the propagation of attractant using both a tube with a heater to attract ticks and a tube with attractant and heater to attract mosquitoes, serves as a carrier of food information for ticks and mosquitoes. It uses the “goal reflex”, creates an imitation of movement, simulating the presence of a warm-blooded organism, stimulates the food reflex, which differs from existing analogues. Chemical compositions are not used in the processing of biocenosis, keeping flora and fauna alive.

An invention functions similar to how this process occurs in nature.

The invention is shown in the accompanying illustrations.

Figa - General view of the device, where the positions are marked: 3 reversible engine, 4 tube in front of the impeller 5 of the engine, 6 valve for removing mosquitoes (this can be a reversible axial fan type VO-18-271-1), 9 vibration source, attracting pincers, which is made in the form of a vibrator (electric, pneumatic) with a frequency range from 2 to 17000 Hz, 10 carts 80 cm high on two wheels with a stop, on the lower platform of which a battery 7 (providing autonomy) is installed, and on the top - reversible engine horizontally fastening of the handle 8 so that by lifting a stop, free to move the truck, 11 receiving drives for ticks.

Figb - Tube with attractant 1.1 placed therein to attract ticks and a heating element 1.2, providing heating to + 36 ° C - + 39 ° C.

Figv - Tube placed in it to attract mosquitoes with attractant 2.1 and a heating element 2.2, providing heating to + 36 ° C - + 39 ° C, having a bell (extension) in part 2.1 for receiving mosquitoes.

Fig.1G - Receiving drives for ticks, each of which has a capacity for attractant and is equipped with an adjustable heater.

The sequence of the working process is as follows: in the center of the selected site a trolley with the equipment located on it is installed. Nearby on the ground is a vibrating device. Around receiving tick mites on the soil, the number of which is determined by the estimated density of ticks in the outbreak. The remote microdevice turns on the battery 7, which ensures the autonomy of the flow-exhaust fan 3 and the vibrator 9 on the soil surface. The combination of attractant heated to + 36 ° С - + 39 ° С, blown out by a stream of air from a tube fixed in front of the impeller with attractant 1.1 placed in it, and mechanical vibrations of the vibrator on the soil surface create an imitation of the movement of a warm-blooded organism, simulating the situation “food is coming”. Waves of a given frequency diverge in concentric circles on the soil surface in all directions. The power of the vibrator depends on the type of soil and the size of the cultivated area. A direct air stream blows a solution containing odor or a solid odor substance on its way, spraying it at a distance of 15-20 meters for 2-3 minutes. Pause - 5-20 minutes, depending on the biocenosis. Reiteration. The tube 1 with the attractant for ticks placed in it is replaced by the tube 2 to attract mosquitoes with the attractant and heater, the reverse switches, the attracted mosquitoes attracted and drawn in by the air flow of the impeller are drawn by switching the micro-device of the impeller reverse, they die from the impact of the impeller blades and are removed by the air current through valve 6. EFFECT: device provides a fast, efficient and environmentally friendly way of attracting and destroying bloodsuckers on a designated territory, allows mini ize the human impact on performance. The remote micro-device allows you to remotely start the reverse of the fan and turn on and off the heaters in tubes 1 and 2, and in drives standing on the soil.

The use of receiving drives for ticks 11 is possible in a wide variety of biocenoses; they can be installed both flush with the soil surface and on the surface. The tightness of the performance of the drives can allow, if necessary, research, to keep parasites alive. The inventive device has the following elements of novelty:

- attractant, simulating the smell of a warm-blooded animal, selected in accordance with the environment (biocenosis),

- a fan, which spreads the attractant in the direction,

- a vibrator simulating the movement of a warm-blooded organism on the surface of the soil, combining cycles of mechanical excitation of vibrations on the soil and at the same time spreading an attractant, which enhances the conditions and makes the attraction of ticks and mosquitoes full,

- tube 1 for blowing attractant with a constant T = + 36 ° - + 39 ° C, attracting ticks, and tube 2 with T = + 36 ° - + 39 ° C, attracting and forcing mosquitoes,

- each receiving drive for ticks is equipped with a heater (+ 36 ° С - + 70 ° С, simulating the temperature and body odor with an attractant, with the subsequent possibility of either keeping ticks alive, or, having raised the temperature, to destroy them,

- autonomy of the trap-complex, which ensures independence of movement in open and closed natural landscapes of the foci.

The combination of attracting the appropriate odor and a vibrational wave creates the conditions for the universal attraction of ticks, as well as mosquitoes, in any environmental conditions, regardless of temperature, wind direction and soil density on which this process takes place. And for the power consumption necessary to ensure the operation of the devices, this solution is more economical.

Own experiments in the foci of attracting ticks by mechanical means became the basis for the invention RU 2352113, 2360413. The inventive device is based on the results of studies of different attractants, a list of references is provided. The found method creates a universal possibility of reducing the number of dangerous arthropods in any environmental conditions and allows us to talk about the presence of novelty of the solution found. It will reduce the number of foci to a possible lower level, and further reduce both the existing costs of medical care for sick people and animals, and the development of new chemistry. This method can become a substitute for chemicals to attract and reduce the number of dangerous ticks and mosquitoes, where periodic processing of jobs, territories of kindergartens, parks, etc. The method combines the use of the odor of the host and the acoustic method. Until now, the degree of viral infection of the cenosis, forest or park zone is established only by the number of bitten and sick people who came to the doctors. In the search for the perfect means and methods of struggle, the proposed solution can take its rightful place in the arsenal of reliable and environmentally friendly methods that can keep flora and fauna alive in the biocenosis.

Literature

Bondarenko N.F. Physical basis of soil reclamation. Leningrad, 1975.

Korenberg E.I. What is a natural center. Knowledge. Moscow. 1983/2.

Leonovich S.A. Sensory systems of parasitic ticks. Zool. Inst. - St. Petersburg: Science, 2005.

Rasnitsyn S.P. The concept of medical entomology. // Izv. AN of Russia.

Ser. Biological, 1996, N4: 437-445.

Etin V.Ya. Vibration-acoustic method of combating blood-sucking ticks (summary). On Sat in memory of A.A. Lyubishev, Ulyanovsk, 2009.

Claims (4)

1. An autonomous trap-complex for ticks and mosquitoes for open and closed landscapes, characterized in that it contains a trolley with two platforms on which there is a reversible fan and a battery that provides power, while ticks and mosquitoes are forcibly and actively trapped by using attractants, which are components of the smells of warm-blooded organisms in the form of lactone substances, enclosed in replaceable tubes of the nozzle tube, working in combination with a vibrator and soil-receiving receptacles for ticks, also having attractants and heaters simulating the body's body temperature + 36 ° С - + 39 ° С, with the possibility of increasing the temperature to + 70 ° С. 2. The autonomous trap-complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the reversible fan blows into the space an attractant from the tube to attract ticks located in front of the impeller and made with the possibility of subsequent replacement by a tube to attract mosquitoes with a funnel-shaped extension, through which by switching the microdevice mosquitoes are retracted by the impeller reverse, followed by their removal through the corresponding valve, while the bait extractor from cow extracts is used as an attractant d wool or phenol derivative produced by warm-blooded organism prokormitelem - smells cow and washes her sheets, and in the taiga conditions - dog hair washings. 3. The autonomous trap-complex according to claim 1, characterized in that for attracting ticks and mosquitoes, each tube is equipped with a heater of attractant blown into the space, providing heating to + 36 ° C - + 39 ° C, which simulates the temperature and smell of the body. 4. An autonomous trap-complex according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the forced attraction of ticks and mosquitoes is ensured by the propagation of a heated attractant in combination with the action of a vibroacoustic surface wave with a frequency from 2 Hz to 17000 Hz, mechanically created by soil microconcropies propagating the wave along the surface layer of soil, which together simulates the movement of warm-blooded organism in the soil.

Images