CN101530931B - 作为热管毛细结构之覆盖式细微沟槽的制造方法 - Google Patents

作为热管毛细结构之覆盖式细微沟槽的制造方法 Download PDF

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CN101530931B
CN101530931B CN2009100086618A CN200910008661A CN101530931B CN 101530931 B CN101530931 B CN 101530931B CN 2009100086618 A CN2009100086618 A CN 2009100086618A CN 200910008661 A CN200910008661 A CN 200910008661A CN 101530931 B CN101530931 B CN 101530931B
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郑文春
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种作为热管毛细结构之覆盖式细微沟槽的制造方法，第一步是，使用第一组犁头的第一个刀片在板或带的表面上把材料翻上来而形成大尺寸沟槽且无切削碎片产生；第二步是，使用第二组犁头的第二个刀片将前一步中因刨制沟槽所翻上来的部分材料填埋回所述沟槽中。其中，所述沟槽为通过刀片与板或带之间的相对运动而成形，且往沟槽中填埋的材料越多，则所述沟槽的尺寸就会越细小，沟槽的毛细管力就越大。相对于现有技术，本发明所述方法制造的覆盖式细微沟槽，毛细管力得到增大，且能够使得热管在大倾角状态下工作，并且该覆盖式细微沟槽及其加工方法既可以用于制作圆形热管也可以用以制作平板型热管。

Description

作为热管毛细结构之覆盖式细微沟槽的制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种热管毛细结构，特别是涉及一种用作热管中毛细结构的覆盖式沟槽以及制造相同产品的方法。
背景技术
众所周知，热管是一种高效传热装置，其通常包括一个真空容器，且在其空腔内壁上具有毛细结构并且其中含有少量的液体介质。其工作原理为，当一个热源接触在蒸发端部分，液体介质则会蒸发成蒸汽并很快充满于整个空腔，其中携带潜热的蒸汽通过在冷凝端的热传导或对流释放潜热后冷凝为液体，该液体通过所述空腔内壁的吸芯层的毛细管力返回到蒸发端，从而在不消耗任何能源的条件下完成两个相变的热循环过程。
为了使热管在任何方位正常工作，使蒸汽冷凝后的液体返回蒸发端，毛细吸芯层成为热管不可缺少的结构。热管的典型吸芯结构包括烧结金属粉末，纤维，网格和沟槽。目前烧结金属粉末式热管，譬如烧结铜粉末，虽然具有很大的毛细管力，并可以在任何方位使用，但是制造该种类型的热管复杂并且昂贵，且由于其为多孔结构而非实体，因此其热阻高；而所述纤维和丝网制作的热管虽然可以在小倾角的情况下工作，但是其生产成本昂贵并且制造过程复杂；另，相比于所述烧结金属粉末式热管和由纤维和丝网制造的热管，所述沟槽型热管虽然制造廉价并且制造过程简单，但是该沟槽型热管一般只用于水平位置或非常小的角度，而且沟槽型热管通常是V型或者其它形状，并且通常是采用无缝管材的加工工艺来制造，且由于模具的局限性，沟槽的尺寸相对热管的尺寸比较大(约＞0.35毫米宽)，因此其产生的毛细管力不足以将工作液体泵回至热管上端的蒸发端。
为了利用沟槽型热管的低成本和易于制造的优势并提高沟槽型热管的散热性能，因此有必要开发一种加工细微沟槽以提高其毛细管力的方法。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本发明的主要目的在于提供一种成本低，毛细力大且散热性能好的覆盖式细微沟槽的制造方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用了下述技术方案：
本发明具体表现为一种在金属薄板或带上加工覆盖式细微沟槽的方法，是包含由两个顺序步骤同时完成的单一过程。具体方法为：第一个步骤使用包含第一组犁头的第一个刀片，在金属薄板或带上把材料翻上来从而形成大尺寸沟槽，然后第二个步骤使用包含第二组犁头的第二个刀片把第一步骤翻上来的材料填埋回第一步骤形成的大尺寸沟槽，从而形成覆盖式细微沟槽。
其中，所述覆盖式细微沟槽的截面可以是各种不同形状，为通过两个刀片与薄板或带的相对运动而形成。所述覆盖式细微沟槽的尺寸大小取决于填埋回材料的多少。由于增加了毛细管力，以覆盖式细微沟槽为毛细结构的热管能够大倾角的工作。
本发明的一个具体化是使用刨槽机在金属薄板上加工覆盖式细微沟槽。在该加工过程中，金属薄板固定在工作台，刀片沿机器上轨道运动，沿两个相交方向形成覆盖式细微沟槽，从而使工作液体可以在覆盖式细微沟槽之间流动。如此加工的具有覆盖式细微沟槽的薄板可以用来制造平板型热管。
相对于现有技术，本发明所述覆盖式沟槽制造方法制造的覆盖式细微沟槽，毛细管力得到增大，且使得具有该覆盖式细微沟槽的热管能够在大倾角状态下工作。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述作为热管毛细结构之覆盖式细微沟槽的制造方法之一覆盖式细微沟槽的加工过程示意图；
图2为本发明所述作为热管毛细结构之覆盖式细微沟槽的制造方法之另一覆盖式细微沟槽的加工过程示意图；
图3为本发明于一个薄板上加工覆盖式细微沟槽的过程示意图；
图4为本发明所述作为热管毛细结构之覆盖式细微沟槽的制造方法于平板热管的应用。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图以及具体实施例来对本发明所述作为热管毛细结构之覆盖式细微沟槽的制造方法作进一步的详细说明。
众所周知，较窄的沟槽可提供较大的毛细管力，并且拥有较窄沟槽的热管能较大的倾角工作，而目前各种形状沟槽的热管由于通常是靠热挤压形成，故其宽度一般大于0.3毫米。
但是通过本发明所述制造方法制造的细微沟槽之指槽宽为小于0.2毫米，远远小于现有技术中沟槽的指槽宽度。
本发明所述作为热管毛细结构之覆盖式细微沟槽的制造方法，第一步，使用包含第一组犁头的第一个刀片在板或带的表面上把材料翻上来而形成大尺寸沟槽，且无切削碎片产生；第二步，利用包含第二组犁头的第二个刀片把第一刀片翻上来的材料填埋回所述大尺寸沟槽，其中，该所述步骤为在同一行程内完成，且填埋的材料越多，则所述大尺寸沟槽的尺寸就越小。
该所述方法用于冷加工时，则所述板或带为可锻造金属，譬如铜、铜合金、铝或者铝合金；而当该所述方法用于热加工时，则所述板或带为坚硬的金属材料，譬如不锈钢。
参照图1中所示，详细说明本发明所述作为热管毛细结构之覆盖式细微沟槽的制造方法，图1左侧为经过包含第一组犁头110的第一个刀片106在金属薄板102上形成的大尺寸沟槽104后的横截面，图1右侧为经过包含第二组犁头208的第二个刀片206回填形成细微沟槽202后的金属薄板102的横截面，标号210所示为覆盖式细微沟槽的放大图。其中，第一刀片106把金属薄板102的材料翻上来，且在所述沟槽104两边形成埂坝108，在此过程中不产生金属削，并且在该第一个刀片106底部装设的犁头110的形状与所述大尺寸沟槽104的轮廓相同；所述第二个刀片206底部装设的多个犁头208把形成的埂坝108填埋回所述大尺寸沟槽104中，并重新形成高度低于所述埂坝108的低埂坝204。
再参照图2中所示，该图左侧为经过包含第一组犁头110的第一个刀片106在制作热管的材料上形成的大尺寸沟槽302后的金属薄板102的横截面，右侧为经过包含第二组犁头208的第二个刀片206回填形成细微沟槽402后的金属薄板102的横截面，其中标号406所示为回填后的细微沟槽的放大图。
结合图1和图2中所示可知，第一个刀片106底部装设的不同犁头可刨制出不同的大尺寸沟槽，如图1中的104和图2中所示的302，以及所述第二个刀片206的不同高度决定了低埂坝204、404的高度，也决定了覆盖式细微沟槽202和402的宽度，并且填埋的材料越多则细微沟槽202就越窄。
参见图3，其为本发明所述方法于一薄板上加工覆盖式细微沟槽的过程示意图。
该图3中所示502为一个大块金属薄板，在其上具有有第一个方向的覆盖式细微沟槽504a和第二个方向的细微沟槽504b，且该所述覆盖式细微沟槽504a和所述细微沟槽504b为纵横相交，标号506所示为覆盖式细微沟槽504a和504b的局部放大图。所述覆盖式细微沟槽504a和504b为由本发明中所述方法形成，其中，所述覆盖式细微沟槽504a和504b为沿两个方向形成而相交，从而可使得工作液体在该纵横双向设置的覆盖式细微沟槽之间流动。
实际应用中，一个大板面薄板上的覆盖式细微沟槽可通过在刨槽机上加工制造，即，所述大板面薄板固定在工作台上，刀片则沿机器上的轨道运动，该具有覆盖式细微沟槽的薄板可用来制造平板型热管。
再参照图4中所示，其为一个以覆盖式细微沟槽602为毛细结构的平板型热管600。其中，该所述平板型热管600包括顶盖604、底盖606以及位于顶盖604和底盖606之间的垫片612，该所述底盖606与周边侧壁构成一个空腔，且在侧壁的某局部608上开设一个孔洞，以及在该所述空腔中填充工作液体，并通过所述孔洞去对所述空腔进行空气抽取，使得该所述空腔形成真空，进一步再封闭该孔洞以维持真空。
此外，在所述底盖606具有下沉垫座610，该下沉垫座610为用于与热源接触。在所述底盖606内表面亦具有在图4中所描述的且沿二个垂直方向形成的覆盖式细微沟槽504a和504b。同样的，在所述顶盖604的内表面亦有在图3中所描述的覆盖式细微沟槽504a和504b。所述垫片612为坐落在下沉垫座610上且位于顶盖604和底盖606之间，其用以增加平板型热管的刚度，以及提供由热源到顶盖604的热传导路径以改善散热效率。
在所述顶盖604和底盖606之间亦还包括多个间隔垫片614，该间隔垫片614为用于控制空腔的高度；以及在该所述顶盖604和底盖606上贯穿设置有多个孔616，通过螺栓以及孔616固定该所述平板型热管如线路板上。
本发明所披露其他各种调整和组合属于本发明的范畴。例如，本发明的覆盖式细微沟槽形成是根据刀片和板或带之间的相对运动而形成。因此，板或带可以相对固定叶片移动，刀片可以相对固定的板或带移动，也可以是板或带与刀片之间的任何相对运动。

Claims (8)

1.一种作为热管毛细结构之覆盖式细微沟槽的制造方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)刨大沟槽，即使用具有第一组犁头的第一个刀片在板和带之一的一个表面上把材料翻上来而形成大尺寸沟槽且无切削碎片产生；
(2)覆盖大沟槽，即使用具有第二组犁头的第二个刀片将步骤(1)中因刨制大沟槽所翻上来的材料进行部分回填于所述大沟槽中，从而形成覆盖式细微沟槽。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种作为热管毛细结构之覆盖式细微沟槽的制造方法，其特征在于，在所述的步骤(1)和步骤(2)的过程中，将所述第一个刀片和第二个刀片设为固定，所述板和带之一相对于所述第一个刀片和第二个刀片运动。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种作为热管毛细结构之覆盖式细微沟槽的制造方法，其特征在于，在所述的步骤(1)和步骤(2)的过程中，将所述板和带之一设为固定，所述第一个刀片和第二个刀片相对于所述板和带之一运动。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种作为热管毛细结构之覆盖式细微沟槽的制造方法，其特征在于，所述板和带之一为铜、铜合金、铝以及铝合金其中一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种作为热管毛细结构之覆盖式细微沟槽的制造方法，其特征在于，包括对板和带之一进行加热。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种作为热管毛细结构之覆盖式细微沟槽的制造方法，其特征在于，所述板和带之一上的覆盖式细微沟槽是两个不同方向且相互交叉。
7.根据权利要求1所述一种作为热管毛细结构之覆盖式细微沟槽的制造方法，其特征在于，所述第二刀片为高于第一个刀片，且该第一刀片和第二刀片的相对高度决定回填材料的多少以及决定最终覆盖式细微沟槽的几何形状和尺寸。
8.根据权利要求3所述一种作为热管毛细结构之覆盖式细微沟槽的制造方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)和步骤(2)是在刨床和刨槽机之一上完成。
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