CN101524102A - Key technique of industrialization of export high-quality, high-efficiency and low agricultural residual tea and organic tea - Google Patents
Key technique of industrialization of export high-quality, high-efficiency and low agricultural residual tea and organic tea Download PDFInfo
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- CN101524102A CN101524102A CN200810143590A CN200810143590A CN101524102A CN 101524102 A CN101524102 A CN 101524102A CN 200810143590 A CN200810143590 A CN 200810143590A CN 200810143590 A CN200810143590 A CN 200810143590A CN 101524102 A CN101524102 A CN 101524102A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a key technique of industrialization of export high-quality, high-efficiency and low agricultural residual tea and organic tea, which is designed aiming at the current new condition of international and home tea and combining the practical condition of China. The production type of tea is determined according to the concrete condition of a base, and a technical scheme and a quality management system are designed. The ecological environment of a tea garden is protected through applying the principle of system research; soil is improved by using organic fertilizer; the internal quality of the tea is improved through selectively culturing and generalizing high-quality seeds; insect pests are prevented through adopting measures of damaging the survival and reproducing environment of insect pests of tea trees so as to reduce the use of pesticide and pesticide residue; and secondary pollution is reduced through controlling the sanitary quality of the tea in the process of processing, package and storage transportation. The invention innovates the production technology, ensures the production and processing of the tea to be safe, industrialized and standard and adopts an industrial mode of company-base-farmer and a technical course of research-examination-demonstration-generalization to be generalized and applied in the whole province, thereby ensuring the implement of a complete quality system from soil to table.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to be badly in need of in export high-quality, high low agricultural residual tea and the organic tea industrialization production key technical problem of solution.
Background technology:
Tealeaves is time-honored conventional beverage, is described as " health drink of 21 century ".China is traditional Tea Production and big export country, have the title in " native place of tea ", is positioned at world's Tea Production and prostatitis, trade field always.But because before and after the China joined WTO, developed countries such as European Union are provided with technology barriers, to the hygienic quality of tealeaves, especially the control of index such as persticide residue and heavy metal is more and more stricter.As: increase agricultural residual test item, reduce the permission residual quantity standard of agricultural chemicals and lead content, cause China's tealeaves to face new challenges in the international market and serious risk, outlet seriously is obstructed.And chemical pesticide is especially abused, abused to China's Tea Production because of extensive management, and the tea place ecological environment is subjected to than havoc, has the phenomenon of exceeding standard to take place when causing product to detect, and repeatedly takes place to destroy in the tea export trade and the claim phenomenon.China's residual and especially also just starting of industrialization demonstration popularization of organic tea Study on Production Technology at that time at the low farming of export requirement.My company is as national Tea Industry leading enterprise (the 3rd in the scale of operation and the comprehensive strength row whole nation), have a responsibility for and the voluntary strong wind in the past of regenerating these conventional industries of tealeaves, simultaneously as export-oriented enterprise, its product structure must in time adapt to the variation of international market, marketable, just have the market competitiveness.Through proving repeatedly, the research of export high-quality, high low agricultural residual tea and organic tea key technology and Industry Promotion are unique effective ways that China's Tea Industry and international trade integrate with, and I take charge of definite and have carried out the research and the demonstration of " export high-quality, high low agricultural residual tea and organic tea industrialization key technology ".
Summary of the invention:
The invention solves the key technical problem of being badly in need of solution in the current Tea Production, found the effective ways of low agricultural residual tea and the high-quality and efficient production of organic tea.The innovation point is:
1, research means innovation: the ordering of application of advanced, cluster and GIS information system are to dynamically having carried out multianalysis in tea plant pest, natural enemy structure of community and season.
2, adopt advanced tea place plantation new technology rationally to assemble, guarantee that the good quality and high output of fresh tea leaf raw material is efficient." big concentrated, little dispersion ", the tea place ecologic planting pattern of " be branded as in the mountain top, shoes are worn at the foot of the hill, hill-side apron "; Select good tea tree seedling for use; Reduce chemical fertilizer and use, applying organic manure etc. improve tea yield and endoplasm; Artificial weeding, and keep the weak tendency weeds; Propose and implement tea place sick worm ecological regulation and control supporting technology at first, more pay attention to the comprehensive regulation of the ecosystem, more emphasize the prevention of disease worm rather than simply kill than existing integrated control; Low agricultural residual tea is aided with " unify (unified the source of goods) ", " two in conjunction with (adopt anti-combination, chemoprevention combine with biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion) ", the suitable effective chemical Prevention Technique of " three choosings (choose pesticide species, selection prevents and treats emphasis, make an accurate selection of control period) "; Adopt suitable increase machine pick tea-leaves tree height, improve highway pavement in the tea place, improve the tea making facility health, will original native stove change the integrated approach of reduction plumbi content of tea such as metal fever wind furnace into.
3, the processing innovation of employing advanced person's omnidistance quality certification system and improvement part technology is controlled Tea Processing, storage, transportation overall process safety, health and can be reviewed, and guarantees that final products are high-quality and efficient, has international competitiveness.The processing technology innovation has: 1. initiated and introduce " rolling " operation in red fannings processing technology, improved " hammer is cut " operation.Utilization is rubbed and is cut stalk, beats the type of being cut into, and the further moulding of rolling, quality reach and improve refining rate and tealeaves unit weight, increase the purpose of particle, has solved the machine fresh tea picking and has processed going the stalk problem and improving the particle of red fannings and the method for dwindling unit weight of lipstick fannings.2. adopt " isolation method " to process organic jasmine tea, reached and not only guarantee the purpose that the tea embryo is enfleuraged but also prevented to be polluted by Jasmine.
The popularization pattern in " company+base+peasant household " of the practicality of 4, employing science, and adopt " unified management type ", " specialty is prevented and treated type ", " interests restriction type " three kinds of management types respectively, the key technology that has guaranteed project in time is generalized to 21 brand tea bases of the whole province county, has obtained good economic benefits, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Description of drawings:
Accompanying drawing is the technology path flow chart of export high-quality, high low agricultural residual tea and organic tea industrialization key technology
The specific embodiment:
1. technology path
By adopting the industrialization pattern in " company+base+peasant household ", according to the production base type of definite low agricultural residual tea, pollution-free food tea and organic teas such as environment, tea place overview, processing factory and the process equipment of production base, production history, production and operation type, design the supporting technology scheme of each production base.Carry out key technology research in the production base, for working out quality management system in the production base.Adopt the technology path of research → test → popularization → demonstration, sum up complete supporting technology scheme again.
2. know-why
(1) ecological balance and bio-diversity principle are researched and solved the biological control technical problem of disease pest and weed in the applied ecology.
(2) ecological niche and the ecological regulation and control of application GIS GIS-Geographic Information System principle research insect and natural enemy reduce the use of chemical pesticide.
(3) application hazard analysis and CCP (HACCP) principle are determined harm CCP, crucial limit value and the safeguard measure in organic tea and nuisanceless tealeaves production and the process.
(4) use pool and learn and the system analysis engineering principle, assembling and supporting low agricultural residual tea and organic tea production " omnidistance quality control and monitoring system from the soil to the dining table ".
3. embodiment
(1), the cropping pattern of " big concentrated, little dispersion " and " be branded as in the mountain top, shoes are worn at the foot of the hill, hill-side apron " is adopted in tea place newly developed, protection tea place ecological environment according to the actual conditions of production base and the specific requirement of low agricultural residual tea and organic tea.
(2) windbreak is taked to plant in original tea place, production base, shade tree, grass planting slope, " three change " measure of " improving the soil, replant, change the garden " is carried out in the low yield tea place, also woods of tea is moved back in the tea place of, severe water and soil erosion steep to part slope, tree vigo(u)r aging, moves back tea kind fruit, improves the tea place ecological environment.
(3) give full play to agrotechnical effect, improve the cultivation management measure, promote the use of fine strains; Reduce chemical fertilizer and use, applying organic manure especially uses farm manures such as oil cake, green manure, uses raising tea yield and endoplasms such as amino acid foliage fertilizer; Organic tea garden fully without chemical fertilizer, is replaced with oil cake, farm manure; Weed in tea garden is not emphasized the weeding affair to the greatest extent, keep certain weak tendency weeds etc.; Keep soil fertility, improved bright leaf endoplasm.
(4) use ordering, cluster, GIS (GIS-Geographic Information System) technical Analysis tea place biology community structure and insect---season of natural enemy dynamically, the distribution Diffusion Law of main tea tree insect, for tea place disease and pest ecological regulation and control provides theoretical foundation.
(5) neoformation preparations such as application hormone, virus, bacterium, cercospora worm seat spore bacterium, matrine are prevented and treated tea plant pest, and again in conjunction with agricultural technology, the artificial control utilizes the supporting technology of ecological regulation and control, solves the insect pest preventing and controlling problem of organic tea garden.
(6) adopt three kinds of modes on the tea garden management pattern: 1. unified management type: the unified training pipe in tea place, unification are plucked, the unified scheme of preventing and treating of working out.2. specialty is prevented and treated type: the tea place is managed by every family, but training pipe, harvesting, weeding, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are notified professional contingent's operation by peasant household on time.3. interests restriction type: authorities are to tea grower technological guidance, and training pipe, harvesting, weeding, from line operate, everybody prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control supervise mutually by peasant household, in case quality problems occur, can influence the sale of all peasant households, by the economic interests mutual restriction.
(7) grope to reduce the key point of plumbi content of tea:
Lead content is very responsive in the world, a question of common concern.Cause that the reason that lead content exceeds standard has: the 1. tealeaves surface soil of being with; 2. contamination by dust; 3. cooking stove leakage cigarette is brought coal ash pollution into; 4. root system absorbs the lead in the soil; 5. the age of tree of tea tree is longer, or tealeaves is slightly old; 6. processing machine wearing and tearing etc.
The method that reduces lead content has: 1. suitable the pick tea-leaves height (set too short, rainwater easily takes earth on the tealeaves to) of tree of increase machine; 2. improve highway pavement in the tea place, reduce dust; 3. improve the health (as the health on the withering trough and the ground of withering) of tea making facility; 4. improve cooking stove, change original native stove into the metal fever wind furnace.
(8) transform old tea processing factory, acquire new plant equipment, set up quality certification system control Tea Processing overall process, guarantee safe, the qualified and trackability of final products, and the improvement part technological process:
1. the processing technology that machine is adopted red fannings is improved, and traditional handicraft product processed stalk is many, color and luster is withered and yellow, unit weight is big.New technology increases " beat and cut " operation, utilizes to rub to cut stalk, beats the type of being cut into, the further moulding of rolling, quality, reach and improve refining rate and tealeaves unit weight, increase the purpose of particle, solve the machine fresh tea picking and process going the stalk problem and improving the particle of red fannings and the method for dwindling unit weight of lipstick fannings.
2. use the key technology of the organic jasmine tea of " isolation method " processing, promptly do not pollute organic tea and offer the purpose that embryo is enfleuraged again tea in order to reach Jasmine, employing is isolated tea, flower with the double-layer plastic net, make flower directly not contact the tea embryo, only allow volatile aroma substance be drawn onto in the tealeaves, solve the technical barrier of processing organic jasmine tea with conventional jasmine fresh flower.
(9) in processing, packing, storage and transport process, set up the organic tea operational procedure, reduce for the second time and pollute.
(10) formulate the base quality management system, improve production, monitoring, measuring means, make that whole supporting technology is suitable, comprehensive, workable to be suitable for large scale application.
Claims (3)
1, adopts advanced tea place plantation new technology rationally to assemble, guarantee that the good quality and high output of fresh tea leaf raw material is efficient.Promote " big concentrated, little dispersion ", the tea place ecologic planting pattern of " be branded as in the mountain top, shoes are worn at the foot of the hill, hill-side apron "; Select good tea tree seedling for use; Reduce chemical fertilizer and use, applying organic manure etc. improve tea yield and endoplasm; Artificial weeding, and keep the weak tendency weeds; Propose and implement tea place sick worm ecological regulation and control supporting technology at first, more pay attention to the comprehensive regulation of the ecosystem, more emphasize the prevention of disease worm rather than simply kill than existing integrated control; Low agricultural residual tea is aided with " unify (unified the source of goods) ", " two in conjunction with (adopt anti-combination, chemoprevention combine with biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion) ", the suitable effective chemical Prevention Technique of " three choosings (choose pesticide species, selection prevents and treats emphasis, make an accurate selection of control period) "; Adopt suitable increase machine pick tea-leaves tree height, improve highway pavement in the tea place, improve the tea making facility health, will original native stove change the integrated approach of reduction plumbi content of tea such as metal fever wind furnace into.
2, initiate introduction " rolling " operation in red fannings processing technology, improved " hammer is cut " operation.Utilization is rubbed and is cut stalk, beats the type of being cut into, and the further moulding of rolling, quality reach and improve refining rate and tealeaves unit weight, increase the purpose of particle, has solved the machine fresh tea picking and has processed going the stalk problem and improving the particle of red fannings and the method for dwindling unit weight of lipstick fannings.
3, adopt " isolation method " to process organic jasmine tea, reached and not only guarantee the purpose that the tea embryo is enfleuraged but also prevented to be polluted by Jasmine.
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| CN200810143590A CN101524102A (en) | 2008-11-13 | 2008-11-13 | Key technique of industrialization of export high-quality, high-efficiency and low agricultural residual tea and organic tea |
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| CN200810143590A CN101524102A (en) | 2008-11-13 | 2008-11-13 | Key technique of industrialization of export high-quality, high-efficiency and low agricultural residual tea and organic tea |
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| CN101524102A true CN101524102A (en) | 2009-09-09 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105660303A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-06-15 | 蒋爱君 | Method for cultivating organic camellia sinensiscv tea |
| CN105660304A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-06-15 | 蒋爱君 | Method for cultivating organic camellia sinensiscv tea |
| CN105684823A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-06-22 | 蒋爱君 | Cultivation method for organic Longjing tea |
| CN105684824A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-06-22 | 蒋爱君 | Cultivation method for organic Longding tea |
| CN105766536A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-07-20 | 蒋爱君 | Cultivation method of organic tea |
| CN105766535A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-07-20 | 蒋爱君 | Cultivation method of organic Longding tea |
-
2008
- 2008-11-13 CN CN200810143590A patent/CN101524102A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105660303A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-06-15 | 蒋爱君 | Method for cultivating organic camellia sinensiscv tea |
| CN105660304A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-06-15 | 蒋爱君 | Method for cultivating organic camellia sinensiscv tea |
| CN105684823A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-06-22 | 蒋爱君 | Cultivation method for organic Longjing tea |
| CN105684824A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-06-22 | 蒋爱君 | Cultivation method for organic Longding tea |
| CN105766536A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-07-20 | 蒋爱君 | Cultivation method of organic tea |
| CN105766535A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-07-20 | 蒋爱君 | Cultivation method of organic Longding tea |
| CN105660304B (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2019-01-15 | 衢州市优德工业设计有限公司 | A kind of method of organic green cloud tea cultivation |
| CN105684824B (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2019-03-05 | 衢州市优德工业设计有限公司 | A kind of method of organic dragon top tea cultivation |
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Open date: 20090909 |