CN101520130A - Hydrate storage and transportation device - Google Patents
Hydrate storage and transportation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101520130A CN101520130A CN200910020491A CN200910020491A CN101520130A CN 101520130 A CN101520130 A CN 101520130A CN 200910020491 A CN200910020491 A CN 200910020491A CN 200910020491 A CN200910020491 A CN 200910020491A CN 101520130 A CN101520130 A CN 101520130A
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Abstract
The invention provides a hydrate storage and transportation device. The hydrate storage and transportation device adopts a tube-type samdwich; a certain amount of pipelines are arrayed layer by layer to form a storage unit; baffles are respectively arranged inside each of the pipelines close to two ends of the pipeline; the height of the baffle is 70 to 90 percent of the inside diameter of the pipeline; two ends of the pipeline are closed; the end faces are provided with two air/water ports; the whole storage unit is arranged in a confined space; a confined space box body is provided with two ports for refrigerants; and the device can use the pipeline ektexine space for refrigeration, does not need additional refrigeration pipeline and has better refrigeration effect. The hydrate storage and transportation device designed by the invention integrates with generation, refrigeration, storage, transportation and gasification into a whole, reduces molding and load or unload and other intermediate links, and saves the equipment investment and the operation cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hydrate storage and haulage device, generation, refrigeration, storage, transportation and the gasification function that specifically is a kind of compound that catchments is the hydrate storage tank of one.
Background technique
The gas hydrates storaging and transport technology is just in a new technology of research and development, its core concept is that water and rock gas form hydrate under high pressure low temperature, then temperature is reduced to-5 ℃～-20 ℃, utilizes the self-insurance of hydrate, hydrate can store for a long time under low-temperature atmosphere-pressure.1m
3150～180m under the hydrate energy storage standard state
3Rock gas.We have verified respectively under the atmospheric pressure and the stability of the gas hydrates that store in the freezer-5 ℃ ,-10 ℃ and-18 ℃ with a large amount of experiments.Test shows: the sample that stores under freezing conditions can maintain a long-term stability.The hydrate storage and transportation technology not only has the little advantage in storage area, and it is safer than gaseous state and liquified natural gas, because hydrate is nonflammable, the decomposition process of hydrate is slow.1m
3Hydrate is equivalent to the 1m under the 21MPa high pressure
3Compressed natural gas.Compare with pipe natural gas transportation or LNG Liquefied natural gas transportation, hydrate needs lower investment and operation to expend, and lower cost, simple and flexible processing process make the development that is worthy to be popularized of hydrate transport natural gas.Abroad, particularly Norway and Japan pay much attention to this technology, All aspects of and link to the hydrate storage and transportation technology are studied, and have developed a kind of hydrate snowball conveyer chain, and it comprises the processes such as generation, moulding, storage, transportation and gasification of hydrate.But it also has with a certain distance from commercial applications, also has many technical problems to research and solve.From domestic, the hydrate storage and transportation technical research is less relatively, does not also have the example of practical application.The transportation of rock gas at present and collecting and distributing main by natural gas line, part adopts the mode of LNG Liquefied natural gas and compressed natural gas.There is the little gas field of a large amount of dispersions in China, and gas production is little, and LNG Liquefied natural gas and conveyer tube process are all uneconomical to be suitable for.If the Economy of rock gas accumulating can not get effective raising, these gas fields can't exploit and utilize, and therefore, need a kind of safe and reliable, rock gas accumulating mode and equipment that expense is low.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention will be developed a kind of hydrate storage tank exactly, this storage tank can catchment compound generation, freezing, store, the gentle one that turns to of transportation, reduce medium taches such as moulding, loading and unloading, thereby reduce equipment investment and overall cost.
It is to adopt the tubular type stratiform structure that the present invention solves the technological scheme that its technical problem takes, the steel pipe that is about to some is lined up layer by layer, constitute a storage element, the closed at both ends of pipeline, pipe interior space and pipeline space outerpace are separated, whole storage element is packed in the confined space.
A baffle plate is established from end face 10～15cm place in two ends at every pipeline, and baffle plate is a circular arc, and pipeline is divided into three chambers in left center right, and the height of baffle plate is 70%～90% of an internal diameter, and hydrate forms in intermediate cavity.The duct bottom at close baffle plate 5～10cm place is opened a drain opening is respectively arranged in intermediate cavity, is used for the water of chamber B is discharged.The chamber at two ends is an isolated chamber, does not have water in the chamber at two ends when hydrate forms, so can not form hydrate.The effect of two ends chamber is to avoid the formation of hydrate and stop up turnover tracheae line.The end face of pipe ends is respectively offered two turnover gas (water) mouth up and down, and the outside interconnects with pipeline.Turnover gas (water) pipeline of unit interior conduit end links together, and forms total turnover gas (water) pipeline, and promptly each unit has only three air inlet/outlets, a drain opening.Also offer a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet in the refrigeration cavity.
Preferred 12～the 18cm of the diameter of pipeline, pipeline material have the steel pipe of thermal conductive resin or other material of withstand voltage light weight, and the withstand voltage 4～6MPa of pipeline, hydrate no longer need extra high-pressure bottle when forming.Preferred 8～24 of the quantity of every layer of pipeline can be adjusted according to actual needs.Preferred 6～18 layers of the number of plies of each unit pipe also can be adjusted according to actual needs.The length of every pipeline is 2～10m, if whole unit is put on hydrate storage and transportation automobile/train, then determines the size and the quantity of pipeline according to vehicle condition.
The present invention lines up the pipeline of some layer by layer, constitute a storage element, all pipelines sealed at both ends, every pipe interior installed a baffle plate near two ends pipeline is separated into three chambers, the height of baffle plate is less than internal diameter of the pipeline, 80% the water of can having an appointment among the intermediate cavity B is stayed in the pipeline, hydrate forms in intermediate cavity, the chamber at two ends is an isolated chamber, when forming, hydrate do not have water in these two chambers, the last air inlet/outlet that is located on two end faces can prevent that the residuary waters in the chamber of two ends from forming hydrate obstruction drain opening down, whole storage element is sealed in the confined space, and the space that constitutes between pipeline outside and the seal container can be used as the free air space of refrigeration agent and do not need other special pipeline.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is storage tank unit section figure.
Fig. 2 is the single pipe structural representation.
Fig. 3 is a storage tank cell side view.
Among the figure: 1-confined space, 2-refrigeration agent free air space, 3,6-turnover gas (water) pipeline, 4,7-drain opening, 5,8-baffle plate, 9-refrigerant outlet, 10-turnover gas (water) pipeline, 11-turnover gas (water) mouth, 12-refrigerant inlet, 13-turnover gas (water) mouth, 14-drain opening, 15-enterprising giving vent to anger (water) mouth, 16-down turnover gas (water) mouths.
Embodiment
Specifically describe the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, adopting the tubular type stratiform structure is that 18cm length is that 10 meters steel pipe is arranged storage element of 18 layers of formation by 24 every layer with 432 diameters, the closed at both ends of every pipeline, pipe interior space and pipeline space outerpace are separated, whole storage element is packed in the confined space 1, pipeline outside with confined space 1 between the space of formation be used as the free air space 2 of refrigeration agent.Two ends at every pipeline are provided with a baffle plate 5 and 8 from end face 15cm place, as shown in Figure 2, pipeline are divided into left center right three chamber A, B and C, and baffle plate is a circular arc, and baffle plate 5 and 8 height are 80% of internal diameter of the pipeline.Hydrate forms in intermediate cavity B, respectively has 1 drain opening 4 and 7 near baffle plate 5 and 8 duct bottom at a distance of the 10cm place in intermediate cavity B, is used for the water of intermediate cavity B is discharged.The chamber A at two ends and C are isolated chamber, do not have water in chamber A and the cavity C when hydrate forms, so can not form hydrate.The effect of two ends chamber A and C is to avoid the formation of hydrate and stop up turnover tracheae line.The end face of chamber A is offered two turnover gas (water) mouth 15 and 16 up and down, and the outside interconnects with pipeline.The effect that passes in and out gas (water) mouth 16 down is the water discharge that makes things convenient among the chamber A, passes in and out gas (water) mouth 16 down so the outside pipeline that connects should be lower than.Last air inlet/outlet 15 can prevent to stop up turnover gas (water) mouth 16 down after the residuary waters among the chamber A from forming hydrate.The cavity C end-face structure is identical with chamber A end-face structure.Turnover gas (water) pipeline of unit interior conduit end links together, and as shown in Figure 3, forms total turnover gas (water) pipeline, and promptly each unit has only three air inlet/outlets, a drain opening.Also offer a refrigerant inlet 12 and a refrigerant outlet 9 in the refrigeration agent free air space 2.Pipeline material selects to have the steel pipe of thermal conductive resin or other material of withstand voltage light weight, and the withstand voltage 6MPa of pipeline, hydrate no longer need extra high-pressure bottle when forming.Confined space 1 adopts steel or other intensity to meet the requirements, and the material of good heat insulating does not have ad hoc requirement to pressure, only needs refrigeration agent not leak and gets final product.Refrigeration agent free air space 2 does not need other special pipeline, directly utilizes the pipeline space outerpace to get final product.In order to reduce heat loss, the whole unit outside should add thermal insulating material or whole storage element be put into the space of a cold insulation.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1, adopting the tubular type stratiform structure is that 12cm length is that 2 meters steel pipe is arranged storage element of 6 layers of formation by 8 every layer with 48 diameters, the closed at both ends of every pipeline, pipe interior space and pipeline space outerpace are separated, whole storage element is packed in the confined space 1, pipeline outside with confined space 1 between the space of formation be used as the free air space 2 of refrigeration agent.Two ends at every pipeline are provided with a baffle plate 5 and 8 from end face 10cm place, as shown in Figure 2, pipeline are divided into left center right three chamber A, B and C, and baffle plate is a circular arc, and baffle plate 5 and 8 height are 90% of internal diameter of the pipeline.Hydrate forms in intermediate cavity B, respectively has 1 drain opening 4 and 7 near baffle plate 5 and 8 duct bottom at a distance of the 5cm place in intermediate cavity B, is used for the water of intermediate cavity B is discharged.The chamber A at two ends and C are isolated chamber, do not have water in chamber A and the cavity C when hydrate forms, so can not form hydrate.The effect of two ends chamber A and C is to avoid the formation of hydrate and stop up turnover tracheae line.The end face of chamber A is respectively offered two turnover gas (water) mouth 15 and 16 up and down, and the outside interconnects with pipeline.The effect that passes in and out gas (water) mouth 16 down is the water discharge that makes things convenient among the chamber A, passes in and out gas (water) mouth 16 down so the outside pipeline that connects should be lower than.Last air inlet/outlet 15 can prevent to stop up turnover gas (water) mouth 16 down after the residuary waters among the chamber A from forming hydrate.The cavity C end-face structure is identical with chamber A end-face structure.Turnover gas (water) pipeline of unit interior conduit end links together, and as shown in Figure 3, forms total turnover gas (water) pipeline, and promptly each unit has only three air inlet/outlets, a drain opening.Also offer a refrigerant inlet 12 and a refrigerant outlet 9 in the refrigeration agent free air space 2.Pipeline material selects to have the steel pipe of thermal conductive resin or other material of withstand voltage light weight, and about the withstand voltage 6MPa of pipeline, hydrate no longer needs extra high-pressure bottle when forming.Confined space 1 adopts steel or other intensity to meet the requirements, and the material of good heat insulating does not have ad hoc requirement to pressure, only needs the assurance refrigeration agent not leak and gets final product.Refrigeration agent free air space 2 does not need other special pipeline, directly utilizes the pipeline space outerpace.In order to reduce heat dissipation, the whole unit outside should add thermal insulating material or whole storage element be put into the space of a cold insulation.
As shown in Figure 1, adopting the tubular type stratiform structure is that 15cm length is that 6 meters steel pipe is arranged storage element of 12 layers of formation by 16 every layer with 192 diameters, the closed at both ends of every pipeline, pipe interior space and pipeline space outerpace are separated, whole storage element is packed in the confined space 1, pipeline outside with confined space 1 between the space of formation be used as the free air space 2 of refrigeration agent.Two ends at every pipeline are provided with a baffle plate 5 and 8 from end face 12cm place, as shown in Figure 2, pipeline are divided into left center right three chamber A, B and C, and baffle plate is a circular arc, and baffle plate 5 and 8 height are 90% of internal diameter of the pipeline.Hydrate forms in intermediate cavity B, respectively has 1 drain opening 4 and 7 near baffle plate 5 and 8 duct bottom at a distance of the 8cm place in intermediate cavity B, is used for the water of intermediate cavity B is discharged.The chamber A at two ends and C are isolated chamber, do not have water in chamber A and the cavity C when hydrate forms, so can not form hydrate.The effect of two ends chamber A and C is to avoid the formation of hydrate and stop up turnover tracheae line.The end face of chamber A is respectively offered two turnover gas (water) mouth 15 and 16 up and down, and the outside interconnects with pipeline.The effect that passes in and out gas (water) mouth 16 down is the water discharge that makes things convenient among the chamber A, passes in and out gas (water) mouth 16 down so the outside pipeline that connects should be lower than.Last air inlet/outlet 15 can prevent to stop up turnover gas (water) mouth 16 down after the residuary waters among the chamber A from forming hydrate.The cavity C end-face structure is identical with chamber A end-face structure.Turnover gas (water) pipeline of unit interior conduit end links together, and as shown in Figure 3, forms total turnover gas (water) pipeline, and promptly each unit has only three air inlet/outlets, a drain opening.Also offer a refrigerant inlet 12 and a refrigerant outlet 9 in the refrigeration agent free air space 2.Pipeline material selects to have the steel pipe of thermal conductive resin or other material of withstand voltage light weight, and about the withstand voltage 6MPa of pipeline, hydrate no longer needs extra high-pressure bottle when forming.Confined space 1 adopts steel or other intensity to meet the requirements, and the material of good heat insulating does not have ad hoc requirement to pressure, only needs the assurance refrigeration agent not leak and gets final product.Refrigeration agent free air space 2 does not need other special pipeline, directly utilizes the pipeline space outerpace.In order to reduce heat dissipation, the whole unit outside should add thermal insulating material or whole storage element be put into the space of a cold insulation.
If whole storage element is put on automobile or the train, then determine the size and the quantity of pipeline according to the concrete condition of vehicle.
Form the operating process of hydrate, close drain opening 9 and turnover gas (water) mouthful 11 valves among Fig. 3 earlier, from turnover gas (water) mouthful 13 feeding reaction water, after filling water, from turnover gas (water) mouthful 10 feeding gases, unnecessary water is discharged from turnover gas (water) mouth 11 and 13, and Cao Zuo benefit is not need displaced air like this.Because the effect of every pipe end baffle plate 5,80% the water of can having an appointment among every pipeline middle chamber B is stayed in the pipeline, and the water among the chamber A all ejects.After water has been arranged, can also can feed simultaneously from turnover gas (water) mouthful 10,11 or 13 arbitrary gases that will form hydrate that feed, the pressurization back forms hydrate in pipeline.Feed refrigeration agent from refrigerant inlet 4, refrigeration agent freezes to whole tubing by discharging from refrigerant outlet 14 behind the whole pipe space outerpace.Hydrate forms in pipeline and realizes from compacting.Hydrate is lowered the temperature to it after forming in pipeline, promptly controls refrigerant temperature to the needs temperature, and release is freezing to-15～-20 ℃, airtight storage, and pressure 0.3～0.5MPa also can carry out normal pressure and store.Whole storage tank cellular system can be put into and store cask, realize storage transportation hydrate.Certainly, also hydrate automobile (train) tank car can be made such hydrate storage tank, constitute, after hydrate forms, not need entrucking, directly transport it into the destination and get final product by one or several unit.
After the destination is wanted in the hydrate transportation, then carry out the gasification of hydrate, this structure Design becomes simply the gasification of hydrate, and the water that can directly feed greater than 15 ℃ in the internal refrigeration storage space of each unit gets final product, if near available thermal source is arranged, then Qi Hua speed can be faster.After the hydrate gasification, open the valve of each storage tank unit bottom, can reclaim water.
Need to prove; the present invention only provides a kind of hydrate tank structure and stores transportation technology; problems such as detailed problem that hydrate is formed such as Active agent type, concentration, formation temperature; document has had a lot of reports; not in claimed scope of the present invention, provide the actual conditions that forms hydrate below and require:
(1). the water source: the generation of hydrate does not have special requirement to water quality, and the water that contains a certain amount of impurity may easier generation hydrate.So do not need water is made purified treatment, only require wherein not contain and suppress ion and the organic substance that hydrate generates, instrument and equipment is not produced corrosive action and get final product.
(2). surface active agent: in order to accelerate the formation of hydrate, generally in water, add certain amount of surfactant, reduce the surface tension of water, to accelerate the formation speed of hydrate.The lot of domestic and international scholar's research the influences that hydrate is formed of various surface active agents, from Economy and effect comprehensively relatively, lauryl sodium sulfate is best surface active agent.Therefore, select for use anionic to carry out the generation test of hydrate, studied the influence of surfactant concentration, determined that best surfactant concentration is about 300ppm the gas content of hydrate formation speed and hydrate.Therefore, in the water that forms hydrate, add the lauryl sodium sulfate of 300ppm, should fully stir before adding.
(3). pressure control enters the hydrate reaction container at 4～6MPa, and temperature is controlled at 0～4 ℃.
In sum, the present invention has the advantage that manufacturing process is simple, voltage endurance capability is strong, heat-transfer effect is good, hydrate is easy to form by the design to hydrate tank structure and tubular structure.Realized the quick generation under the hydrate static conditions.Gas contacts with water in each root pipeline with water, forms hydrate, because " Pan Bi " effect of hydrate, hydrate can form along the tube wall face, and by the bulking effect of hydrate self realize hydrate from compacting.The surface area of pipeline outer wall is big, has strengthened heat transfer.Utilize the space of pipeline outer wall to freeze, do not need extra refrigerant pipe, and refrigeration is better.This structure Design also helps the gasification of hydrate, has reduced medium taches such as hydrate moulding, loading and unloading, has simplified the accumulating technology of hydrate, has saved equipment investment and operating cost.
Claims (4)
1. hydrate storage and transportation device, adopt the tubular type stratiform structure, it is characterized in that, by 6～18 layers, every layer of 8～24 conduit arrangements get up to constitute a storage element, the closed at both ends of every pipeline, end face respectively has two turnover gas/mouths of a river up and down, and link together with pipeline, in every pipeline, a circular arc baffle plate (5) and (8) are installed from two ends 10～15cm place, pipeline is separated into three chambers in left center right, and the height of baffle plate is 70%～90% of an internal diameter of the pipeline, and whole storage element places in the seal space, seal space an opening respectively arranged up and down, as the outlet (9) and the import (12) of refrigeration agent.
2. according to the said hydrate storage and transportation device of claim 1, it is characterized in that the diameter of pipeline is that 12～18cm, length are 2～10m.
3. according to the said hydrate storage and transportation device of claim 1, it is characterized in that every pipeline intermediate cavity is having drain opening (4) and (7) near baffle plate 5～10cm place.
4. according to the said hydrate storage and transportation device of claim 1, it is characterized in that 1 turnover gas/mouth of a river (10) is arranged at the top of confined space, 2 turnover gas/mouths of a river (11) and (13) are arranged at the bottom, are used for installation unit interior conduit turnover gas/water pipeline.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910020491A CN101520130A (en) | 2009-04-10 | 2009-04-10 | Hydrate storage and transportation device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910020491A CN101520130A (en) | 2009-04-10 | 2009-04-10 | Hydrate storage and transportation device |
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| CN101520130A true CN101520130A (en) | 2009-09-02 |
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| CN200910020491A Pending CN101520130A (en) | 2009-04-10 | 2009-04-10 | Hydrate storage and transportation device |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104508349A (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2015-04-08 | 奥特尔实验室有限责任公司 | Conforming natural energy storage |
| CN107074326A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2017-08-18 | 韩国海洋科学技术院 | The gas hydrates tank container Load System of power line and the connection automation of boil-off gas pipe arrangement can be realized |
| CN112221432A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-15 | 河南理工大学 | Hydrate generating, storing and transporting integrated device |
-
2009
- 2009-04-10 CN CN200910020491A patent/CN101520130A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104508349A (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2015-04-08 | 奥特尔实验室有限责任公司 | Conforming natural energy storage |
| CN104508349B (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2017-09-12 | 奥特尔实验室有限责任公司 | The natural energy storage met |
| CN107074326A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2017-08-18 | 韩国海洋科学技术院 | The gas hydrates tank container Load System of power line and the connection automation of boil-off gas pipe arrangement can be realized |
| CN107074326B (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2018-06-22 | 韩国海洋科学技术院 | Gas hydrates tank container Load System, transportation resources and ships that transport |
| CN112221432A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-15 | 河南理工大学 | Hydrate generating, storing and transporting integrated device |
| CN112221432B (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-11-22 | 河南理工大学 | Hydrate generating, storing and transporting integrated device |
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Open date: 20090902 |