CN216079287U - Low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen filling station - Google Patents
Low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen filling station Download PDFInfo
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- CN216079287U CN216079287U CN202121055279.5U CN202121055279U CN216079287U CN 216079287 U CN216079287 U CN 216079287U CN 202121055279 U CN202121055279 U CN 202121055279U CN 216079287 U CN216079287 U CN 216079287U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen filling station, which comprises: the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen filling station can realize various storage forms of liquid hydrogen, low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen and normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen, and simultaneously realizes mixed filling of the highest 100MPa low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen, the highest 35MPa high-pressure hydrogen and the highest 70MPa high-pressure hydrogen, so that the hydrogen storage density is remarkably improved, the cold energy of the low-temperature hydrogen can be effectively utilized, the energy consumption of the hydrogen filling station is effectively reduced, and the hydrogen filling form is effectively increased.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of refrigeration, low temperature and hydrogen energy, and particularly relates to a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen filling station.
Background
The hydrogenation station is mainly used for filling fuel for the hydrogen fuel cell automobile, is a necessary infrastructure for popularization and application of the fuel cell automobile, and is also an important component of the hydrogen energy industry. Currently, the hydrogenation modes of the hydrogenation station can be divided into two types: a gas hydrogen hydrogenation station and a liquid hydrogen hydrogenation station.
At present, a gas hydrogen refueling station is filled at two pressure levels of 35MPa and 70MPa, a hydrogen compressor is needed to pressurize hydrogen, and the power consumption is large. The density of gaseous hydrogen at 293K and 35MPa was about 25kg/m3The density of gaseous hydrogen at 293K and 70MPa is about 40kg/m3。
The liquid hydrogen hydrogenation station adopts liquid hydrogen storage, and the liquid hydrogen is liquid obtained by cooling hydrogen and is colorless and tasteless high-energy low-temperature liquid fuel. Density of saturated liquid hydrogen (70.85 kg/m)3) Is gaseous hydrogen (25 kg/m) at 293K and 35MPa3) 2.8 times of that of the catalyst, is gaseous hydrogen (40 kg/m) under the conditions of 293K and 70MPa3) 1.77 times of the liquid hydrogen, the liquid hydrogen has incomparable advantages in the aspects of energy storage density and transportation cost, and the development space is wider. Compared with a gas hydrogen refueling station with the same scale, the hydrogen storage capacity of the liquid hydrogen refueling station can be greatly improved.
The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen is low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen with the temperature of 33K-233K and the pressure of 1.28 MPa-100 MPa, and the density of the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen can reach 100.8kg/m under the conditions of 33K and 100MPa3Is gaseous hydrogen (25 kg/m) at 293K and 35MPa3) Is 4 times of that of gaseous hydrogen (40 kg/m) under the conditions of 293K and 70MPa3) 2.52 times of. The hydrogen storage capacity can be further improved by adopting low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, there is a need to provide a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen filling station that can realize multiple storage forms of liquid hydrogen, low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen, and normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen, and simultaneously realize mixed filling of hydrogen gases at different pressures, in order to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to solve the problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed-filling type hydrogen station includes: liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), low temperature saturated hydrogen transmission pipeline (5), liquid hydrogen booster pump (7), first low temperature high pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8), second low temperature high pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35), cold storage device (12), superhigh pressure vaporizer (13), superhigh pressure heater (14), low temperature high pressure hydrogen storage tank (40), low temperature high pressure hydrogen filling unit (44), first normal temperature high pressure hydrogen storage tank (17), first hydrogen filling unit (30), liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) passes through low temperature saturated hydrogen transmission pipeline (5) and is connected with liquid hydrogen booster pump (7), liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) pass through first low temperature high pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8) and cold storage device (12) are connected, still be provided with on first low temperature high pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8) superhigh pressure vaporizer (13) and superhigh pressure heater (14), the first low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8) is also connected with the second low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35), and the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (40) is connected with the second low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35), wherein:
opening an outlet valve of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), and precooling and cooling the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7), the first low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8), the second low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35) and the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (40) along the way by adopting low-temperature saturated hydrogen;
after precooling is finished, liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank is conveyed to the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7), the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) boosts the liquid hydrogen into low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen, a part of the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen in the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen is stored in the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (40) through the first low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8) and the second low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35), and when passenger cars, commercial cars, long-tube trailers, tramcars and the like with vehicle-mounted low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks come for hydrogenation in a station, the filling can be realized through the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen filling unit (44);
another part of low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen in the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen sequentially passes through the cold accumulator (12), the ultrahigh-pressure gasifier (13) and the heater (14) to form normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen, and the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen is stored in the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17), and when a vehicle with a vehicle-mounted 70MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is in a station and hydrogenation comes from the front, the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen stored in the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) passes through the cold accumulator (12) and then is filled by the first hydrogen filling unit (30).
In some embodiments, the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) is further connected with a second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (23), normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen stored in the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) enters the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (23) for storage, and when a vehicle with an on-vehicle 35MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is in a station for hydrogenation in the forward direction, normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen stored in the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) passes through the cold accumulator (12) and then is filled by a second hydrogen filling unit (33).
In some embodiments, the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) can adopt a vertical, horizontal or spherical storage tank, the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is provided with an inner container and an outer container, a vacuum interlayer is arranged between the inner container and the outer container, the outer wall of the inner container is provided with a heat radiation screen wound by a low-temperature hydrogen pipeline, and wrapped multi-layer heat insulation materials are adopted, wherein the multi-layer heat insulation materials comprise glass fiber paper and aluminum foil which are compounded or glass bead novel heat insulation materials.
In some embodiments, a G-M type or pulse tube type cryogenic refrigerator can be arranged at the upper part of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) to realize the reliquefaction of low-temperature saturated hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank and realize zero-evaporation storage of liquid hydrogen.
In some embodiments, the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) adopts a single-stage compression or multi-stage compression reciprocating pump, and the reciprocating pump can be in the form of a piston pump or a plunger pump.
In some embodiments, the regenerator 12 is internally in the form of a shell and tube or plate fin heat exchange structure.
In some embodiments, when the cold accumulator (12) is a tube-shell type, low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen is arranged on the inner side of the tube, when the flow is a continuous flow, the heat exchange with the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen flowing from the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) and/or the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (23) can be realized, and a cold accumulation material is filled in the tube-shell on the outer side of the tube to realize cold accumulation; when the flow is intermittent, heat exchange with the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen flowing from the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen tank (17) and/or the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen tank (23) can be realized by a cold storage material.
In some embodiments, when the cold accumulator (12) performs plate-fin heat exchange, two counter-flow arrangements are adopted, one flow is low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen, and the other flow is normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen coming from the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) and/or the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (23), when the flow is a continuous flow, the heat exchange with the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen coming from the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) and/or the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (23) on the shell side can be realized, the plates are arranged in an interlayer, and cold accumulation materials are filled in the interlayer; when the flow is intermittent, heat exchange with the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen flowing from the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) and/or the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (23) can be realized through a cold storage material.
In some embodiments, the ultrahigh pressure gasifier (14) is made of aluminum, the ultrahigh pressure gasifier (14) is provided with a liquid inlet and a gas outlet, the ultrahigh pressure gasifier (14) is in a light pipe and fin type, the pressure bearing range is up to 130MPa, and the ultrahigh pressure gasifier (14) realizes single-point temperature regulation and control of low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen at the outlet of the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) in one or more serial or parallel modes.
In some embodiments, the ultrahigh pressure heater (14) is a built-in heating rod, the pressure bearing range is up to 130MPa, and the accurate and continuous temperature control of the low-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen at the outlet of the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) within the range of 33K-300K can be realized.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises a liquid hydrogen low-temperature transmission pipeline (6), liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is transmitted to the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) through the liquid hydrogen low-temperature transmission pipeline (6), the liquid hydrogen low-temperature transmission pipeline (6) can be kept cold in a vacuum multi-layer heat insulation mode, the liquid hydrogen low-temperature transmission pipeline (6) is wrapped with multiple layers of heat insulation materials on the outer surface of the inner pipe, the multiple layers of heat insulation materials are formed by compounding glass fiber paper and aluminum foil, a vacuum is pumped between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the liquid hydrogen low-temperature transmission pipeline (6) and stress compensation is performed by using a corrugated pipe.
In some embodiments, the first low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8) and the second low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35) can be kept cold by adopting a vacuum multi-layer heat insulation mode, and the outer surface of the inner pipe is wrapped with a plurality of layers of heat insulation materials, wherein the plurality of layers of heat insulation materials are formed by compounding glass fiber paper and aluminum foil or glass bead heat insulation materials; vacuumizing between the inner pipeline and the outer pipeline to be lower than Pa, and performing stress compensation by adopting a corrugated pipe; the first low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8) and the second low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35) can also be single-layer pipes, and polyurethane foam forming is adopted outside the pipes to play a role in heat insulation.
In some embodiments, the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks (17) are connected in parallel, the hydrogen storage pressure range of the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks (17) is 45-90 MPa, and the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen gas with the temperature of 233K in the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen filling unit (30) is conveyed by controlling a valve and cooling the cold accumulator (12).
In some embodiments, the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks (23) are connected in parallel, the hydrogen storage pressure range of the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks (23) is 20-45 MPa, and the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen with the temperature of 253K in the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen filling unit (33) is conveyed by controlling a valve and reducing the temperature of the cold accumulator (12).
In some embodiments, the first hydrogen filling unit (30) can fill low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen with the temperature of 233K and the pressure of 70 MPa; the second hydrogen filling unit (33) can fill low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen with the temperature of 253K and the pressure of 35 MPa.
The utility model adopts the technical scheme and has the following effects:
according to the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen filling station provided by the utility model, the outlet valve of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is opened, and low-temperature saturated hydrogen is adopted to pre-cool the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7), the first low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8), the second low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35) and the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (40) along the way; after precooling is finished, liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank is conveyed to the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7), the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) boosts the liquid hydrogen into low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen, a part of the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen in the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen is stored in the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (40) through the first low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8) and the second low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35), and when a vehicle with a vehicle-mounted low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is in front hydrogenation in a station, the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen filling unit (44) can be used for filling; the other part of the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen in the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen sequentially passes through the cold accumulator (12), the ultrahigh-pressure gasifier (13) and the heater (14) to form normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen, and the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen is stored in the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17), when a vehicle with a vehicle-mounted 70MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage tank comes for hydrogenation in a station, the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen stored in the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) passes through the cold accumulator (12) and then is filled by the first hydrogen filling unit (30). And the hydrogen filling form is effectively increased.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention or in the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen station provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Wherein: liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), discharge valve (2), safety valve (3), switching valve (4), low-temperature saturated hydrogen transmission pipeline (5), switching valve (6), liquid hydrogen booster pump (7), low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8), switching valve (9), safety valve (10), check valve (11), cold accumulator (12), ultrahigh-pressure gasifier (13), ultrahigh-pressure heater (14), switching valves (15, 16 and 19), low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks (17, 17-1 and 17-2), switching valves (18 and 20), switching valves (21, 22 and 25), normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks (23, 23-1 and 23-2), switching valves (24, 26, 27, 28 and 29), 233K &70MPa hydrogen filling unit (30), switching valves (31, 32 and 34), 253K &35MPa second hydrogen filling unit (33), low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35), Switching valves (36, 37, 38 and 39), low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks (40, 40-1 and 40-2), switching valves (41, 42 and 43), and a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen filling unit (44).
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the utility model and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen station provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention includes: liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), low temperature saturated hydrogen transmission pipeline (5), liquid hydrogen booster pump (7), first low temperature high pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8), second low temperature high pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35), cold storage device (12), superhigh pressure vaporizer (13), superhigh pressure heater (14), low temperature high pressure hydrogen storage tank (40), low temperature high pressure hydrogen filling unit (44), first normal temperature high pressure hydrogen storage tank (17), first hydrogen filling unit (30), liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) passes through low temperature saturated hydrogen transmission pipeline (5) and is connected with liquid hydrogen booster pump (7), liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) pass through first low temperature high pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8) and cold storage device (12) are connected, still be provided with on first low temperature high pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8) superhigh pressure vaporizer (13) and superhigh pressure heater (14), the first low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8) is further connected with the second low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35), and the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (40) is connected with the second low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35). Specific implementations of the various components are described in detail below.
In some embodiments, the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) can adopt a vertical, horizontal or spherical storage tank, the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is provided with an inner container and an outer container, a vacuum interlayer is arranged between the inner container and the outer container, the outer wall of the inner container is provided with a heat radiation screen wound by a low-temperature hydrogen pipeline, and wrapped multi-layer heat insulation materials are adopted, wherein the multi-layer heat insulation materials comprise glass fiber paper and aluminum foil which are compounded or glass bead novel heat insulation materials.
Furthermore, a G-M type or pulse tube type low-temperature refrigerator can be arranged at the upper part of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) to realize the reliquefaction of low-temperature saturated hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the zero-evaporation storage of the liquid hydrogen.
Further, a liquid nitrogen tank inner container can be arranged inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), cold insulation of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is achieved, and heat leakage of the external environment is effectively reduced.
In some embodiments, the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) may be a reciprocating pump adopting single-stage compression or multi-stage compression, and the reciprocating pump may be in the form of a piston pump or a plunger pump.
In some embodiments, the first low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8) and the second low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35) can be kept cold by adopting a vacuum multi-layer heat insulation mode, and the outer surface of the inner pipe is wrapped with a plurality of layers of heat insulation materials, wherein the plurality of layers of heat insulation materials are formed by compounding glass fiber paper and aluminum foil or glass bead heat insulation materials; vacuumizing between the inner pipeline and the outer pipeline to be lower than Pa, and performing stress compensation by adopting a corrugated pipe; the first low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8) and the second low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35) can also be single-layer pipes, and polyurethane foam forming is adopted outside the pipes to play a role in heat insulation.
In some embodiments, the regenerator 12 is internally in the form of a shell and tube or plate fin heat exchange structure.
In some embodiments, when the cold accumulator (12) is a tube-shell type, low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen is arranged on the inner side of the tube, when the flow is a continuous flow, the heat exchange with the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen flowing from the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) and/or the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (23) can be realized, and a cold accumulation material is filled in the tube-shell on the outer side of the tube to realize cold accumulation; when the flow is intermittent, heat exchange with the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen flowing from the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) and/or the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (23) can be realized through a cold storage material, and hydrogen filling with the temperature of 233K in the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen filling unit 30 and the temperature of 253K in the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen filling unit (33) can be respectively realized.
In some embodiments, when the cold accumulator (12) performs plate-fin heat exchange, two counter-flow arrangements are adopted, one flow is low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen, and the other flow is normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen coming from the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) and/or the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (23), when the flow is a continuous flow, the heat exchange with the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen coming from the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) and/or the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (23) on the shell side can be realized, the plates are arranged in an interlayer, and cold accumulation materials are filled in the interlayer; when the flow is intermittent, heat exchange with the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen flowing from the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) and/or the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (23) can be realized through a cold storage material, and hydrogen filling of the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen filling unit 30 with the temperature of 233K and hydrogen filling of the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen filling unit 33 with the temperature of 253K are respectively realized.
In some embodiments, the hydrogen storage system further comprises a low-temperature control unit, the low-temperature control unit can adopt one or more ultrahigh-pressure gasifiers 13 or a combination mode of the ultrahigh-pressure gasifiers 13 and the heater 14 to realize temperature regulation and control of low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen at the outlet of the liquid hydrogen booster pump 7 within a range of 33K to 300K, and ensure that the hydrogen temperatures in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 17 and the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (23) are normal temperature.
In some embodiments, the ultrahigh pressure gasifier (14) is made of aluminum, the ultrahigh pressure gasifier (14) is provided with a liquid inlet and a gas outlet, the ultrahigh pressure gasifier (14) is in a light pipe and fin type, the pressure bearing range is up to 130MPa, and the ultrahigh pressure gasifier (14) realizes single-point temperature regulation and control of low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen at the outlet of the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) in one or more serial or parallel modes.
In some embodiments, the ultrahigh pressure heater (14) is a built-in heating rod, the pressure bearing range is up to 130MPa, and the accurate and continuous temperature control of the low-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen at the outlet of the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) within the range of 33K-300K can be realized.
In some embodiments, the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks (17) are multiple, such as normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks (17-1, 17-2) in the figure, and are connected in parallel, the hydrogen storage pressure range of the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) is 45-90 MPa, and the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen gas with the temperature of 233K in the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen filling unit (30) is conveyed by controlling a valve and reducing the temperature of the cold accumulator (12).
In some embodiments, the 233K &70MPa hydrogen filling unit 30 includes a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogenation machine, a flow meter, a pressure gauge, a thermometer, and a safety protection interlocking controller, and can fill the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen with the temperature of 233K and the pressure of 70 MPa.
In some embodiments, the 253K &35MPa hydrogen filling unit 33 comprises a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogenation machine, a flow meter, a pressure gauge, a thermometer and a safety protection interlocking controller, and can realize the filling of the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen with the temperature of 253K and the pressure of 35 MPa.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises a liquid hydrogen low-temperature transmission pipeline (6), liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is transmitted to the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) through the liquid hydrogen low-temperature transmission pipeline (6), the liquid hydrogen low-temperature transmission pipeline (6) can be kept cold in a vacuum multi-layer heat insulation mode, the liquid hydrogen low-temperature transmission pipeline (6) is wrapped with multiple layers of heat insulation materials on the outer surface of the inner pipe, the multiple layers of heat insulation materials are formed by compounding glass fiber paper and aluminum foil, a vacuum is pumped between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the liquid hydrogen low-temperature transmission pipeline (6) and stress compensation is performed by using a corrugated pipe.
The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen station provided by the embodiment 1 of the utility model has the following specific working mode:
firstly, finishing the multiple replacement of gases in a pipeline and a storage tank of a hydrogenation station, and after the content of impurities in redundant gas in a system meets the requirement, keeping the system at about 0.15MPa of residual pressure (gauge pressure) until the system can work in the hydrogenation station, specifically:
and opening an outlet valve of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, and precooling and cooling the liquid hydrogen booster pump 7, the first low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8), the second low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35) and the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks 40-1 and 40-2 along the way by adopting low-temperature saturated hydrogen.
After precooling is finished, the switch valve 6 is opened, liquid hydrogen is conveyed to the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7), the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) is realized to be low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen, the temperature of the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen can reach 33K at the lowest, the pressure can reach 100MPa at the highest, part of the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen in the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen passes through the first low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8) and the second low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35) and is stored in the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks 40-1 and 40-2, and when a vehicle with the vehicle-mounted low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is in front hydrogenation in a station, the valves 42 and 43 and the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen filling unit 44 can be opened to realize filling.
And the other part of the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen in the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen sequentially passes through the cold accumulator (12), the ultrahigh-pressure gasifier (13) and the heater (14) to form normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen, and the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen is stored in the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks (17-1 and 17-2), and when a vehicle with a vehicle-mounted 70MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is in a station for hydrogenation, the cold accumulator 12 can be used for realizing the hydrogen filling of the 233K &70MPa hydrogen filling unit 30 at the temperature of 233K and the pressure of 70MPa by opening the valves 18, 27 and 28.
Further, the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) is further connected with a second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (23), normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen stored in the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) enters the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (23) for storage, and when a vehicle with a vehicle-mounted 35MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is in a station for hydrogenation in the forward direction, the 253K &35MPa hydrogen filling unit 33 is filled with hydrogen at the temperature of 253K and the pressure of 35MPa by opening the valves 24, 27 and 28 and the cold accumulator 12.
It will be appreciated that such vehicles include passenger cars, commercial vehicles, long tube trailers or trams, and the like.
The number of the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks (23) is multiple, such as 23-1 and 23-2 in the figure, and the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks are connected in parallel, the hydrogen storage pressure range of the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks (23) is 20-45 MPa, and the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen conveying of the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen filling unit (33) with the temperature of 253K is realized through valve control and the cooling of the cold accumulator (12).
It can be understood that the hydrogenation station can store different hydrogen states of the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks 40-1 and 40-2 and the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks 17-1, 17-2, 23-1 and 23-2 based on a continuous working mode or an intermittent working mode of a liquid hydrogen pump, and realizes mixed filling of the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen with the maximum pressure of 100MPa, the high-pressure hydrogen with the maximum pressure of 35MPa and the high-pressure hydrogen with the maximum pressure of 70 MPa.
The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen filling station provided by the utility model can realize various storage forms of liquid hydrogen, low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen and normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen, and simultaneously realize mixed filling of the highest 100MPa low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen, 35MPa high-pressure hydrogen and 70MPa high-pressure hydrogen, so that the hydrogen storage density is obviously improved, the low-temperature hydrogen cold energy is utilized to effectively reduce the energy consumption of the hydrogen filling station, and the hydrogen filling form is effectively increased.
The above are merely examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. A low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen station is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), a low-temperature saturated hydrogen transmission pipeline (5), a liquid hydrogen booster pump (7), a first low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8), a second low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35), a cold accumulator (12), an ultrahigh pressure gasifier (13), an ultrahigh pressure heater (14), a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (40), a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen filling unit (44), a first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) and a first hydrogen filling unit (30); liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) passes through low temperature saturated hydrogen transmission pipeline (5) with liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) are connected, liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) are passed through first low temperature high pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8) with cold-storage ware (12) are connected, still be provided with on first low temperature high pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8) superhigh pressure vaporizer (13) reach super high pressure heater (14), first low temperature high pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8) are still connected second low temperature high pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35), low temperature high pressure hydrogen storage tank (40) are connected second low temperature high pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35), wherein:
opening an outlet valve of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), and precooling and cooling the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7), the first low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8), the second low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35) and the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (40) along the way by adopting low-temperature saturated hydrogen;
after precooling is finished, liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank is conveyed to the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7), the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) boosts the liquid hydrogen into low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen, a part of the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen in the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen is stored in the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (40) through the first low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8) and the second low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35), and when a vehicle with a vehicle-mounted low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is in front hydrogenation in a station, the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen filling unit (44) can be used for filling;
another part of low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen in the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen sequentially passes through the cold accumulator (12), the ultrahigh-pressure gasifier (13) and the heater (14) to form normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen, and the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen is stored in the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17), and when a vehicle with a vehicle-mounted 70MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is in a station and hydrogenation comes from the front, the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen stored in the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) passes through the cold accumulator (12) and then is filled by the first hydrogen filling unit (30).
2. The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen station according to claim 1, wherein the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) is further connected with a second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (23), normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen stored in the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) enters the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (23) for storage, and when a vehicle with an on-vehicle 35MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is in the station for hydrogenation in the front, normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen stored in the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) is filled by a second hydrogen filling unit (33) after passing through the cold accumulator (12).
3. The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen filling station according to claim 1, wherein the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) adopts a vertical, horizontal or spherical storage tank, the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is provided with an inner container and an outer container, a vacuum interlayer is arranged between the inner container and the outer container, the outer wall of the inner container is provided with a heat radiation screen wound by a low-temperature hydrogen pipeline, and a plurality of layers of wrapping heat insulation materials are adopted, and the plurality of layers of heat insulation materials comprise glass fiber paper and aluminum foil compounded or glass bead novel heat insulation materials.
4. The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen station according to claim 3, wherein a G-M type or pulse tube type cryogenic refrigerator is arranged at the upper part of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) to realize the reliquefaction of low-temperature saturated hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the zero-evaporation storage of the liquid hydrogen.
5. A hydrogen station of the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) is a single-stage compression or multi-stage compression reciprocating pump in the form of a piston pump or a plunger pump.
6. The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen filling station as claimed in claim 2, wherein the regenerator (12) is internally in the form of a shell-and-tube or plate-fin heat exchange structure.
7. The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen station according to claim 6, wherein when the cold accumulator (12) is a tube shell type, the inside of the tube is low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen, when the flow is a continuous flow, heat exchange with the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen flowing from the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) and/or the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (23) can be realized, and a cold accumulation material is filled in a sleeve tube on the outside of the tube to realize cold accumulation; when the flow is intermittent, heat exchange with the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen flowing from the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen tank (17) and/or the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen tank (23) can be realized by a cold storage material.
8. The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen station according to claim 6, wherein when the cold accumulator (12) is plate-fin heat exchange, two counter-flow arrangements are adopted, one flow is low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen, and the other flow is the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen coming from the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) and/or the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (23), when the flow is a continuous flow, the heat exchange with the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen coming from the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) and/or the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (23) on the shell side can be realized, the plates are arranged in an interlayer, and cold accumulation materials are filled in the interlayer; when the flow is intermittent, heat exchange with the normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen flowing from the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (17) and/or the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (23) can be realized through a cold storage material.
9. The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixing and filling type hydrogen filling station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ultrahigh pressure gasifier (13) is made of aluminum, the ultrahigh pressure gasifier (13) is provided with a liquid inlet and a gas outlet, the ultrahigh pressure gasifier (13) is in a light pipe and fin mode, the pressure bearing range is up to 130MPa, and the ultrahigh pressure gasifier (13) realizes single-point temperature control of low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen at the outlet of the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) in one or more serial or multiple parallel modes.
10. The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen station as claimed in claim 9, wherein the ultrahigh pressure heater (14) is a built-in heating rod, the pressure bearing range is up to 130MPa, and the accurate and continuous temperature control of the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen at the outlet of the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) within the range of 33K-300K can be realized.
11. The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen filling station according to claim 1, further comprising a liquid hydrogen low-temperature transmission pipeline (6), wherein liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is conveyed to the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) through the liquid hydrogen low-temperature transmission pipeline (6), the liquid hydrogen low-temperature transmission pipeline (6) is kept cold in a vacuum multilayer heat insulation mode, the liquid hydrogen low-temperature transmission pipeline (6) is wrapped with multiple layers of heat insulation materials on the outer surface of an inner pipe, the multiple layers of heat insulation materials are formed by compounding glass fiber paper and aluminum foil, a vacuum is pumped between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the liquid hydrogen low-temperature transmission pipeline (6) and is lower than Pa, and a corrugated pipe is used for stress compensation.
12. The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen filling station according to claim 1, wherein the first low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8) and the second low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35) are kept cold in a vacuum multi-layer heat insulation mode, and a plurality of layers of heat insulation materials are wrapped on the outer surface of the inner pipe, wherein the plurality of layers of heat insulation materials are glass fiber paper, aluminum foil composite or glass bead heat insulation materials; vacuumizing between the inner pipeline and the outer pipeline to be lower than Pa, and performing stress compensation by adopting a corrugated pipe; the first low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (8) and the second low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen transmission pipeline (35) are single-layer pipes, and polyurethane foam forming is adopted outside the pipes to play a role in heat insulation.
13. The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen filling station according to claim 1, wherein the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks (17) are connected in parallel, the hydrogen storage pressure range of the first normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks (17) is 45-90 MPa, and the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen at the temperature of 233K in the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen filling unit (44) is conveyed by controlling a valve and cooling the cold accumulator (12).
14. The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen filling station according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks (23) are connected in parallel, the hydrogen storage pressure range of the second normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks (23) is 20-45 MPa, and the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen at 253K in the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen filling unit (44) is conveyed by controlling a valve and reducing the temperature of the cold accumulator (12).
15. The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen mixed filling type hydrogen filling station according to claim 2, wherein the first hydrogen filling unit (30) can fill low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen at a temperature of 233K and a pressure of 70 MPa; the second hydrogen filling unit (33) can fill low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen with the temperature of 253K and the pressure of 35 MPa.
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| CN114688445A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-07-01 | 液空厚普氢能源装备有限公司 | Gas hydrogen liquid hydrogen hydrogenation station |
| CN115013721A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-09-06 | 杨兆铭 | Efficient liquid hydrogen hydrogenation station hydrogenation system and method |
| CN115164097A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-10-11 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | Filling system and filling method for large-flow continuous liquid hydrogen filling station |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114688445A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-07-01 | 液空厚普氢能源装备有限公司 | Gas hydrogen liquid hydrogen hydrogenation station |
| CN114688445B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-10-27 | 液空厚普氢能源装备有限公司 | Hydrogen liquid hydrogen hydrogenation station |
| CN115164097A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-10-11 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | Filling system and filling method for large-flow continuous liquid hydrogen filling station |
| CN115264380A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-11-01 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | Liquid hydrogen station with hidden high-pressure precooling/cold accumulation unit and operation method |
| CN115164097B (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2023-12-12 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | Filling system and filling method for high-flow continuous liquid hydrogen filling station |
| CN115264380B (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2024-01-26 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | Liquid hydrogen station with hidden high-pressure precooling/cold accumulation unit and operation method |
| CN115013721A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-09-06 | 杨兆铭 | Efficient liquid hydrogen hydrogenation station hydrogenation system and method |
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