CN208901068U - A kind of Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank - Google Patents
A kind of Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN208901068U CN208901068U CN201821540761.6U CN201821540761U CN208901068U CN 208901068 U CN208901068 U CN 208901068U CN 201821540761 U CN201821540761 U CN 201821540761U CN 208901068 U CN208901068 U CN 208901068U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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Abstract
A kind of Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank, including inner and outer tank are equipped with vacuum interlayer, are equipped with heat insulation layer in the vacuum interlayer between inner canister and the outer tank;Inner canister is equipped with filler pipe and superpressure discharge pipe, one end of filler pipe is set to the bottom of inner canister, filler pipe is connected to inner canister, the other end of filler pipe is pierced by outer tank, one end of superpressure discharge pipe is connected to inner canister, the other end of superpressure discharge pipe is pierced by outer tank, and superpressure discharge pipe is equipped with safety valve and pressure gauge;Outer tank is equipped with vacuum exhaust pipe and vacuum meter, and vacuum exhaust pipe is connected to vacuum interlayer, and vacuum meter is used to monitor the vacuum degree of the vacuum interlayer.Above-mentioned Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank stores Supercritical Hydrogen, both can guarantee hydrogen-storage density, Supercritical Hydrogen producing process is low in energy consumption, cost is small, there is not yet liquid evaporation in use and needs the problem of deflating.Meanwhile by be arranged superpressure discharge pipe, carry out pressure monitoring and discharge, storage with transportational process it is safer.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to hydrogen energy source storage facilities technical field more particularly to a kind of Supercritical Hydrogen storage tanks.
Background technique
Hydrogen Energy is a kind of secondary energy sources of cleaning, has many advantages, such as combustion heat value height, pollution-free, rich reserves.Hydrogen Energy
It is mainly used in petrochemical industry electronics industry, aerospace, fuel cell industry etc..The scale application of Hydrogen Energy is complete for containing
Ball temperature rise adjusts China's energy agency, and alleviates the problems such as energy external dependence degree in China's is high and all have important function.So
And the density of hydrogen is small, relative molecular weight 2, in hydrogen utilization, the storaging and transport technology of hydrogen is the bottleneck skill in current industry
Art.
Currently, the storage of Hydrogen Energy is mainly using the form of high pressure hydrogen storage tank or liquid hydrogen storage tank.
High pressure hydrogen storage tank is that hydrogen is compressed to such as common 35Mpa 70MPa pressure and is carried out by compression
Storage.In this manner, the storage density of hydrogen can be improved to a certain extent, but the pressure-bearing of storage tank, wall thickness etc. are square
Face proposes relatively high requirement.Since carrying pressure is high, the factors restrictions such as storage tank wall thickness is big lead to the matter of high pressure gas hydrogen storage tank
Hydrogen storage is measured than relatively small.Based on above description, using high pressure hydrogen storage tank, for it is current it is domestic frequently with 35Mpa gas
For hydrogen storage tank, storage density is about 23kg/m3Even if from now on the storage storage tank of 70Mpa can large-scale application, high pressure gas
The storage density of hydrogen also only promising 39kg/m3.If continuing to increase storage pressure, it will cause compression strength required for storage tank
Etc. parameters increase, cause increased costs.Since its storage density is small, for extensive, for long-distance transportation, economy compared with
Difference, and used as mounted gas cylinder, in the case where meeting course continuation mileage, required space is larger.
Liquid hydrogen storage tank storage is to drop to its boiling temperature about 20K, reach hydrogen liquid hydrogen by certain refrigeration modes
The purpose of change.Hydrogen in nature is made of 75% ortho-hydrogen and 25% parahydrogen, with the reduction of temperature, ortho-hydrogen and parahydrogen
Equilibrium concentration changes, and it is exothermic reaction that ortho-hydrogen, which is converted into the process of parahydrogen,.Therefore, in order to which liquid hydrogen can be protected for a long time
It deposits, prevents just secondary critical heat from evaporating the hydrogen of partial liquefaction, cooling capacity is caused to waste.It needs that catalysis is arranged in temperature-fall period
Agent improves positive parahydrogen conversion rate, and is walked this Partial Conversion torrid zone by refrigeration machine.Therefore, the mistake of liquefaction hydrogen is increased
Journey wasted work and cost.And since storage form is liquid, there is the problems such as evaporation is deflated.Currently, the day of liquid hydrogen storage tank evaporates
For rate about in 0.5%-1% or so, on the one hand the evaporation of liquid hydrogen causes the waste of Hydrogen Energy, and the gas of still further aspect evaporation can be made
It is increased at the gas pressure in tank, it is necessary to deflate.The problem of evaporation for vehicle-mounted especially as private car, since it may stop
In the confined spaces such as underground garage, there are certain difficulty for the deflation problem after liquid evaporation.Another aspect, liquid hydrogen exist
In producing process, in order to which liquid hydrogen can save for a long time, need to carry out positive parahydrogen conversion, and positive parahydrogen conversion is a heat release
Process, studies have pointed out that the critical heat of positive parahydrogen consumes about 20% liquefaction function, therefore, the energy consumption in liquefaction process
It is huge.
Utility model content
In consideration of it, a kind of it is necessary to provide storage densitys Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank big, at low cost and safe.
A kind of Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank, including inner and outer tank are equipped with vacuum interlayer, institute between the inner canister and the outer tank
It states and is equipped with heat insulation layer in vacuum interlayer;
The inner canister is equipped with filler pipe and superpressure discharge pipe, and one end of the filler pipe is set to the bottom of the inner canister
Portion, the filler pipe are connected to the inner canister, and the other end of the filler pipe is pierced by the outer tank, the superpressure discharge pipe
One end is connected to the inner canister, and the other end of the superpressure discharge pipe is pierced by the outer tank, is set on the superpressure discharge pipe
There are safety valve and pressure gauge;
The outer tank is equipped with vacuum exhaust pipe and vacuum meter, and the vacuum exhaust pipe is connected to the vacuum interlayer, institute
Vacuum meter is stated for monitoring the vacuum degree of the vacuum interlayer.
In one embodiment, the superpressure discharge pipe includes main delivery pipe, first branch's delivery pipe, the second branch row
Pipe and third branch delivery pipe are put, the safety valve includes the first safety valve and the second safety valve;
One end of the main delivery pipe is connect with the inner canister, the other end of the main delivery pipe respectively with described first point
Branch delivery pipe, second branch delivery pipe and third branch delivery pipe connect, first branch delivery pipe, described
Two branch's delivery pipes and third branch delivery pipe are arranged in parallel, and first safety valve is set to first branch delivery pipe
On, second safety valve is set on second branch delivery pipe, and the pressure gauge is set on third branch delivery pipe.
In one embodiment, the first normally open valve is additionally provided on first branch delivery pipe, first normally open valve is set
Between first safety valve and the inner canister, second branch delivery pipe is additionally provided with the second normally open valve, and described second often
Valve opening is set between second safety valve and the inner canister, and third branch delivery pipe is additionally provided with third normally open valve, described
Third normally open valve is set between the pressure gauge and the inner canister.
In one embodiment, fiber reinforced epoxy resin based composites layer is enclosed on the outside of the inner canister.
In one embodiment, the heat insulation layer is solid insulating material layer.
In one embodiment, the heat insulation layer is spaced Multilayer radiation-proof insulation material layer.
In one embodiment, the heat insulation layer is solid insulating material layer and spaced Multilayer radiation-proof heat insulating material
The combination of the bed of material.
In one embodiment, the radiation protection insulation material layer is aluminum foil layer.
Above-mentioned Supercritical Hydrogen tank structure is simple, good heat-insulation effect.Using overcritical hydrogen storing mode, guarantee that hydrogen storage is close
Degree, storage efficiency are higher;Positive parahydrogen conversion process is free of in Supercritical Hydrogen producing process, refrigerating capacity needed for whole process subtracts
It is few, it is low in energy consumption, cost is small;There is not yet liquid evaporation in use and needs the problem of deflating.Meanwhile by the way that superpressure is arranged
Discharge pipe, carries out the monitoring of pressure and discharges, and storage and transportational process are safer.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank of an embodiment.
Specific embodiment
It is with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right in order to be more clear the purpose of this utility model, technical solution and advantage
The utility model is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain this reality
With novel, it is not used to limit the utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, the Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank 100 of an embodiment, including inner canister 10 and outer tank 20.Inner canister 10 and outer tank
It is equipped between 20 vacuum interlayer (figure is not marked), is equipped with heat insulation layer 40 in vacuum interlayer.
Inner canister 10 is equipped with filler pipe 50 and superpressure discharge pipe.
One end of filler pipe 50 is set to the bottom of inner canister 10.Filler pipe 50 is connected to inner canister 10.The other end of filler pipe 50
It is pierced by outer tank 20.
One end of superpressure discharge pipe is connected to inner canister 10, and the other end of superpressure discharge pipe is pierced by outer tank 20, superpressure row
Pipeline is put equipped with safety valve and pressure gauge.
Outer tank 20 is equipped with vacuum exhaust pipe 70 and vacuum meter 80.Vacuum exhaust pipe 70 is connected to vacuum interlayer.Vacuum is taken out
Tracheae 70 is connected with external vacuum pump, so that the vacuum degree of vacuum interlayer reaches requirement.Vacuum meter 80 is for monitoring vacuum interlayer
Vacuum degree.
Further, the outside of inner canister 10 is enclosed with fiber reinforced epoxy resin based composites layer 12.
Inner canister 10 has the bearing capacity greater than 20MPa for storing High-pressure supercritical hydrogen.Further, inner canister 10
Aluminium inner canister 10 can be used.External in inner canister 10 wraps up fiber reinforced epoxy resin based composites layer 12, in enhancing
The intensity of tank 10.Fiber reinforced epoxy resin based composites layer 12 can be carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite layer
Or glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin based composites layer etc..
In the embodiment shown in figure 1, heat insulation layer 40 is solid insulating material layer 42 and the anti-spoke of spaced multilayer
Penetrate the combination of insulation material layer 44.It is appreciated that in other embodiments, heat insulation layer 40 can be individually for solid insulating material
Layer 42.Alternatively, heat insulation layer 40 can be individually for spaced Multilayer radiation-proof insulation material layer 44.Further, radiation protection
Insulation material layer 44 can be aluminum foil layer.
Heat insulation layer 40 is used to guarantee the cryogenic property of Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank.Solid insulating material layer 42 can be insulated for microballon
Material layer or polyurethane foam etc..For reduce the fluid in inner canister 10 with it is external thermally conductive.Radiation protection insulation material layer
44 can be aluminum foil layer.Entire inner canister 10 is wrapped up using aluminum foil, main purpose is can to prevent inner cryogenic fluid and external rings
The radiation heat transfer in border.The wherein aluminium foil number of plies, the needs such as wrapping density are determined by specific Calculation of Heat Transfer.
Specifically, filler pipe 50 successively passes through outer tank 20, Multilayer radiation-proof insulation material layer 44, solid insulating material layer
42, fiber reinforced epoxy resin based composites layer 12 and inner canister 10 reach the supercritical fluid bottom of inner canister 10, carry out liquid
The filling of body.
Further, superpressure discharge pipe includes main delivery pipe 62, first branch's delivery pipe 64, second branch's delivery pipe 66
With third branch delivery pipe 68.Safety valve includes the first safety valve 92 and the second safety valve 94.
One end of main delivery pipe 62 is connect with inner canister 10, the other end of main delivery pipe 62 respectively with first branch's delivery pipe
64, second branch's delivery pipe 66 and third branch delivery pipe 68 connect.First branch's delivery pipe 64, second branch's delivery pipe, 66 and
Third branch delivery pipe 68 is arranged in parallel.First safety valve 92 is set on first branch's delivery pipe 64.Second safety valve 94 is set to
On second branch's delivery pipe 66.Third branch delivery pipe 68 is equipped with pressure gauge 96.
Further, the first normally open valve 91 is additionally provided on first branch's delivery pipe 64.First normally open valve 91 is set to the first peace
Between full valve 92 and inner canister 10.Second branch's delivery pipe 66 is additionally provided with the second normally open valve 93.Second normally open valve 93 is set to the second peace
Between full valve 94 and inner canister 10.Third branch delivery pipe 68 is additionally provided with third normally open valve 95.Third normally open valve 95 is set to pressure gauge
Between 96 and inner canister 10.
What it is due to the storage of Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank 100 is cryogen, it is understood that there may be tank body pressure liter caused by leakage heat problem
It is high.By the way that superpressure discharge pipe is arranged, superpressure discharge pipe is used to monitor the Fluid pressure in inner canister 10 in real time.When in inner canister 10
Fluid pressure when being more than that it sets pressure, by open the first safety valve 92 or the second safety valve 94 at least one, pressed
Power discharges.To guarantee safety, the first safety valve 92 and the second safety valve 94 are the using and the reserved.By in the first safety valve 92,
The first normally open valve 91, the second normally open valve 93 and third normally open valve 95 is respectively set in the upstream of two safety valves 94 and pressure gauge 96, with
Guarantee the easy to maintenance of the first safety valve 92, the second safety valve 94 and pressure gauge 96.
By Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank 100, hydrogen is stored in supercriticality.So-called supercriticality, i.e. fluid are in
Higher than critical pressure and the state of critical-temperature.For hydrogen, critical-temperature 33.145K, critical pressure is
1.315MPa.In critically weighted to pressurized with hydrogen to 10.88MPa, then the density of Supercritical Hydrogen is enabled to reach 70kg/m3
That is the storage density of liquid hydrogen.Pressure is higher, and storage density is higher.
Above-mentioned Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank 100, can apply at hydrogenation stations, hydrogen user or the occasions such as Hydrogen Fuel-cell Vehicles.
It is had the advantage that using above-mentioned Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank 100 storage Supercritical Hydrogen
1, compared with the currently used high pressure gas storing hydrogen of tradition, under the storage pressure of 35MPa, the storage of high pressure gas hydrogen
Density is 23kg/m3, under the storage pressure of 70Mpa, the storage density of high pressure gas hydrogen is 39kg/m3.It is deposited using liquid hydrogen storage tank
Storage, the storage density at 1bar, 20K are 71.29kg/m3.And 100 hydrogen storage of Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank is used, in 10MPa, 34K
When, the storage density of Supercritical Hydrogen is 69.1kg/m3;When 20MPa, 34K, the storage density of Supercritical Hydrogen is 77.37kg/m3。
It can be seen that from above data compared to liquid hydrogen storage and transportation, be higher than using 100 storage and transportation Supercritical Hydrogen storage temperature of Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank
Liquid hydrogen, whole system it is more efficient.It is stored compared to high pressure gas hydrogen storage tank, in the case where storing the lower situation of pressure, Neng Gouda
To very high storage density, single freight volume is big, improves efficiency of energy utilization.
2, because the storage of Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank 100 is Supercritical Hydrogen, liquid evaporation problem is also not present, can be convenient use
In the popularization and application on mobile unit, being conducive to hydrogen energy source.
3, the Supercritical Hydrogen storage density that Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank 100 stores is high, it is possible to reduce the fortune during hydrogen utilization
The defeated frequency uses as vehicle-mounted energy storage original part, the course continuation mileage of vehicle can be improved.
4, compare liquid hydrogen storage and transportation form, needs to convert parahydrogen for ortho-hydrogen in liquid hydrogen producing process, in conversion process
Middle releasing critical heat, causes overall efficiency to decline.In Supercritical Hydrogen producing process, positive parahydrogen conversion process, whole process are free of
Required refrigerating capacity is reduced, and machine system wasted work is small, improves refrigerating efficiency.
In conclusion above-mentioned 100 structure of Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank is simple, good heat-insulation effect.Using overcritical hydrogen storage side
Formula, guarantees hydrogen-storage density, and storage efficiency is higher;Positive parahydrogen conversion process, whole process are free of in Supercritical Hydrogen producing process
Required refrigerating capacity is reduced, low in energy consumption, cost is small;There is not yet liquid evaporation in use and needs the problem of deflating.Meanwhile
By be arranged superpressure discharge pipe, carry out pressure monitoring and discharge, storage with transportational process it is safer.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, it is noted that for the common skill of the art
Art personnel can also make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of this utility model, these improvements and modifications
Also it should be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank, which is characterized in that be equipped with including inner and outer tank, between the inner canister and the outer tank true
Empty interlayer, the vacuum interlayer is interior to be equipped with heat insulation layer;
The inner canister is equipped with filler pipe and superpressure discharge pipe, and one end of the filler pipe is set to the bottom of the inner canister, institute
It states filler pipe to be connected to the inner canister, the other end of the filler pipe is pierced by the outer tank, one end of the superpressure discharge pipe
It is connected to the inner canister, the other end of the superpressure discharge pipe is pierced by the outer tank, and the superpressure discharge pipe is equipped with peace
Full valve and pressure gauge;
The outer tank is equipped with vacuum exhaust pipe and vacuum meter, and the vacuum exhaust pipe is connected to the vacuum interlayer, described true
Empty table is used to monitor the vacuum degree of the vacuum interlayer.
2. Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the superpressure discharge pipe include main delivery pipe,
First branch's delivery pipe, second branch's delivery pipe and third branch delivery pipe, the safety valve include the first safety valve and second
Safety valve;
One end of the main delivery pipe is connect with the inner canister, and the other end of the main delivery pipe is arranged with first branch respectively
Pipe, second branch delivery pipe and third branch delivery pipe is put to connect, it is first branch delivery pipe, second point described
Branch delivery pipe and third branch delivery pipe are arranged in parallel, and first safety valve is set on first branch delivery pipe,
Second safety valve is set on second branch delivery pipe, and the pressure gauge is set on third branch delivery pipe.
3. Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that be additionally provided with first on first branch delivery pipe
Normally open valve, first normally open valve are set between first safety valve and the inner canister, and second branch delivery pipe is also set
There is the second normally open valve, second normally open valve is set between second safety valve and the inner canister, the third branch discharge
Pipe is additionally provided with third normally open valve, and the third normally open valve is set between the pressure gauge and the inner canister.
4. Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that be enclosed with fiber reinforcement ring on the outside of the inner canister
Epoxy resin-based composite layer.
5. Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat insulation layer is solid insulating material layer.
6. Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat insulation layer is the anti-spoke of spaced multilayer
Penetrate insulation material layer.
7. Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat insulation layer be solid insulating material layer and
Every the combination of the Multilayer radiation-proof insulation material layer of setting.
8. Supercritical Hydrogen storage tank as claimed in claims 6 or 7, which is characterized in that the radiation protection insulation material layer is aluminum foil
Layer.
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN111907151A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-11-10 | 江苏君澄空间科技有限公司 | Composite material low-temperature pressure container with multilayer structure and manufacturing method |
CN111947029A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-11-17 | 北京化工大学 | Stable supercritical carbon dioxide gas supply system and method |
CN112325150A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-05 | 广东清极氢能有限公司 | High-pressure hydrogen storage tank with multilayer compression-resistant inner container |
CN112557577A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-03-26 | 合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院(安徽省能源实验室) | System for testing dynamic performance of catalytic conversion of para-hydrogen |
CN115325428A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-11-11 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | Liquid hydrogen storage tank adopting wall-attached array magnetic ring |
CN115325427A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-11-11 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | Solid-air-proof liquid hydrogen storage tank of external magnetic field oxygen filter |
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2018
- 2018-09-20 CN CN201821540761.6U patent/CN208901068U/en active Active
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN111907151A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-11-10 | 江苏君澄空间科技有限公司 | Composite material low-temperature pressure container with multilayer structure and manufacturing method |
CN111947029A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-11-17 | 北京化工大学 | Stable supercritical carbon dioxide gas supply system and method |
CN112557577A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-03-26 | 合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院(安徽省能源实验室) | System for testing dynamic performance of catalytic conversion of para-hydrogen |
CN112325150A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-05 | 广东清极氢能有限公司 | High-pressure hydrogen storage tank with multilayer compression-resistant inner container |
CN115325428A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-11-11 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | Liquid hydrogen storage tank adopting wall-attached array magnetic ring |
CN115325427A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-11-11 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | Solid-air-proof liquid hydrogen storage tank of external magnetic field oxygen filter |
CN115325428B (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2023-07-28 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | Liquid hydrogen storage tank adopting adherence array magnetic ring |
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