CN101358685A - Method and device for generating gas hydrate - Google Patents
Method and device for generating gas hydrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN101358685A CN101358685A CN 200710119736 CN200710119736A CN101358685A CN 101358685 A CN101358685 A CN 101358685A CN 200710119736 CN200710119736 CN 200710119736 CN 200710119736 A CN200710119736 A CN 200710119736A CN 101358685 A CN101358685 A CN 101358685A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a generating method and a generating method for a gas hydrate which relates to a conveying or storing device as well as the technical field of container used for material storing and conveying. The generating method for a gas hydrate is as follows: a storage tank of a tubular layered structure provided with a refrigeration circulating system is adopted to be filled with water at first; then gas about 0.1MPa is pumped in the tank to discharge the redundant water; gas is pumped in to pressurize the pressure to be 5 to 6MPa; the temperature is controlled to be 0 to 4 DEG C by a cooling system to lead the gas to be contacted with the water in the pipeline of the storing tank to generate a hydrate under a static condition; then the temperature and the pressure are reduced; the hydrate is refrozen to 15 to 20 DEG C below zero, sealed and stored; the storing tank of the hydrate is arranged on the tanker of a hydrate storing vehicle (train) which adopts a certain heat preservation structure; after the hydrate is conveyed to a destination by the vehicle (train), water with a temperature large than 15 DEG C is directly connected into the hydrate from the external refrigeration circulating system; then the hydrate is quickly gasified; after the hydrate is gasified, the residual water is recycled or repeatedly used.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of generation method and device of gas hydrate.Relate to transportation or storage device and the container technical field that is used for storing material or transportation.
Background technique
The gas hydrates storaging and transport technology is just in a kind of new technology of research and development, its core concept is that water and rock gas form hydrate under high pressure low temperature, then temperature is reduced to-5 ℃～-20 ℃ degrees centigrade, utilize the self-insurance of hydrate, hydrate can store for a long time under low-temperature atmosphere-pressure.1m
3150～180m under the volume hydrate energy storage standard state
3Gas.Humans such as Gudmundsson experiments has been verified respectively under atmospheric pressure and the stability of the NGH that stores in the freezer of-5 ℃ ,-10 ℃ and-18 ℃.Test shows: the sample that stores under freezing conditions can keep stable.The hydrate storage and transportation technology not only has the little advantage in storage area, and it is safer than gaseous state and liquified natural gas, because hydrate is nonflammable, the decomposition process of hydrate is slow.1m
3Hydrate is equivalent to the 1m under the 21MPa high pressure
3Compressed natural gas.Compare with pipe natural gas transportation or LNG Liquefied natural gas transportation, hydrate needs lower investment and operation to expend, and lower cost, simple and flexible processing process make the development that is worthy to be popularized of hydrate transport natural gas.
Abroad, particularly Norway, Japan pay much attention to this technology, All aspects of and link to the hydrate storage and transportation technology are studied, and have developed a kind of hydrate snowball conveyer chain, and it comprises the processes such as generation, moulding, storage, transportation and gasification of hydrate.But it also has with a certain distance from commercial applications, also has many technical problems to research and solve.From domestic, the hydrate storage and transportation technical research is less relatively, does not also have the example of practical application.The transportation of rock gas at present and collecting and distributing main by natural gas line, part adopts the mode of LNG and CNG.There is the little gas field of a large amount of dispersions in China, gas production is little, LNG Liquefied natural gas and conveyer tube process are all uneconomical to be suitable for, if the Economy of rock gas accumulating can not get effective raising, these gas fields can't exploit and utilize, therefore, need a kind of safe and reliable, rock gas conveying method that freight charges are low, and the mode of gas hydrate might become a kind of mode that can select that stores transport natural gas.Equally, some other gas also can form gas hydrate as carbon dioxide, nitrogen etc.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to invent gentle generation method and the device that turns to one, safe and reliable, a kind of gas hydrate that freight charges are low of a kind of generation, accumulating of gas collection body hydrate.
The present invention has the tubular type stratiform structure storage tank of cooling cycle system to be full of water employing earlier, feed gas then to the 0.1MPa, discharge unnecessary water, feed gas pressurized to pressure 5～6MPa, by 0～4 ℃ of cooling system control temperature, gas is contacted with water in the storage tank interior conduit, under static conditions, generate hydrate, then cooling, step-down, freezing to-15～-20 ℃, airtight storage, pressure store is set to normal pressure～0.5MPa.The hydrate storage tank is placed on hydrate storage and transportation automobile (train) tank car that adopts certain insulating structure, and hydrate directly feeds the water greater than 15 ℃, the very fast gasification of hydrate from the cooling cycle system of outside after automobile (train) is transported to the destination.After the hydrate gasification, remaining water can reclaim or reuse.
The described gas of this method is mainly rock gas, also can be applicable to gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen.
Adopting the core of the device of this method is the hydrate storage tank, this tank structure adopts tubular type stratiform structure (as shown in Figure 1), be about to certain quantity pipeline 3 formation one deck of lining up, on first layer, discharge the second layer then again, several layers pipeline 3 constitutes a storage element, every pipeline 3 ends seal with pipeline end face blind plate 5, air inlet/outlet 6,7 is arranged on the pipeline end face blind plate 5, the connection air inlet/outlet pipeline 4 of every pipeline 3 one ends interconnects, make integral body of all pipeline 3 volume inside connection formations in the unit, be used for the generation and the storage of hydrate.Whole storage element is put into a container 1 (as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4), and container 1 adopts metal or adiabatic good material, and the pipeline of unit interior conduit 1 end interconnects the back total air inlet/ outlet 9,12,15 of formation and passes container 1 wall to container 1 outside; Also establish a refrigerant inlet 14 and refrigerant outlet 11 in the pipeline external refrigeration space 2; Container 1 plays the effect of supporting pipeline 3 and the free air space of refrigeration agent being provided, and promptly the space between container 1 inside and pipeline 3 outsides is used for the circulation of refrigeration agent.Be used for hydrate system cooling to whole pipe 3 inside.
The every pipeline 3 inner certain structure that adopt design (as shown in Figure 2), a plate washer 8 is established from end face 5 distances 5～8cm place in the two ends of every pipeline 3, pipeline is divided into three space that separates-A chambers, B chamber, A chamber, the height of baffle plate 8 is established certain value, makes the area of baffle plate 8 account for 80%～85% of pipeline 3 face areas.Duct bottom drain opening 10 (every pipeline is only established a drain opening) is arranged at pipeline 3 bottoms near baffle plate 81～3cm place among the chamber B, and the end of pipeline 3 is established two turnover gas (water) mouth 6,7, one on top, one of bottom among the A of left chamber (left side A among Fig. 2).
Wherein, the diameter of pipeline 3 is controlled between 12～18cm, and length is 2～5m, if whole unit is put on the hydrate storage and transportation automobile (train), then determines the size and the quantity of pipeline 3 according to the condition of storage of automobile.About pipeline 3 withstand voltage 6MPa, hydrate no longer needs extra high-pressure bottle when forming.The quantity of every layer of pipeline 3 is 5～8, or can increase according to actual needs or reduce.The number of plies of each unit pipe 3 is 6～10 layers, or can increase according to actual needs or reduce.Pipeline 3 materials are other material of steel pipe or withstand voltage light weight, have good thermal conductivity.Steel is adopted in pipeline external refrigeration space 2 or other intensity meets the requirements, the material of good heat insulating, and pressure is not had ad hoc requirement, only needs refrigeration agent not leak and gets final product.The free air space of refrigeration agent does not need other pipeline, directly utilizes pipeline 3 space outerpaces to get final product.
In order to reduce heat loss, the whole unit outside should be established thermal insulating material or heat dissipation is reduced in the space that whole unit is put into a cold insulation.
Hydrate forms in chamber B, near baffle plate pipeline bottom discharge mouth 10, is used for the water of chamber B is discharged among the chamber B.Chamber A is an isolated chamber, does not have water among the A when hydrate forms, so can not form hydrate.The benefit of chamber A is to avoid the formation of hydrate and block turnover tracheae line.The end of pipeline 3 is provided with two turnover gas (water) mouth 6,7 among the A of left chamber, one on top, one of bottom, the outside interconnects with connecting air inlet/outlet pipeline 4, turnover gas (water) mouth 7 effect in addition is to make things convenient for the water among the chamber A to get rid of, and passes in and out gas (water) mouth 7 so the outside pipeline that connects should be lower than.Why establishing one again on top and pass in and out gas (water) mouth 6, is to stop up turnover gas (water) mouth 7 behind the residuary waters formation hydrate that prevents among the chamber A.Turnover gas (water) pipeline of the end of each unit interior conduit links together, and forms total air inlet/ outlet 9,12,15.The duct bottom drain opening 10 of every pipeline 3 connects together, and forms total drain opening 13.Be that each unit has only 9,12,15, one total drain opening 13 of three total air inlet/outlets.
Need to prove that the present invention only provides a kind of hydrate tank structure and hydrate to store transportation technology, to detailed problem such as problems such as Active agent type, concentration that hydrate forms, document has had a lot of reports, not in the scope of protection of present invention.
In sum, the present invention has the advantage that manufacturing process is simple, voltage endurance capability is strong, heat-transfer effect is good, hydrate is easy to form by the design to hydrate tank structure and tubular structure.Realized the quick generation under the hydrate static conditions.Gas contacts with water in each root pipeline with water, forms hydrate, because " Pan Bi " effect of hydrate, hydrate can form along the tube wall face, and by the bulking effect of hydrate self realize hydrate from compacting.The surface area of pipeline outer wall is big, has strengthened heat transfer.Utilize the space of pipeline outer wall to freeze, do not need extra refrigerant pipe, and refrigeration is better.This structure Design also helps the gasification of hydrate.The present invention has reduced medium taches such as hydrate moulding, loading and unloading by to the design of hydrate tank structure and the storaging and transport technology that provides, and has simplified the accumulating technology of hydrate, saves equipment investment and operating cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 gas hydrate generating apparatus generalized section
Fig. 2 single pipe structural representation
The outside general structure schematic representation of Fig. 3 gas hydrate generating apparatus
Fig. 4 gas hydrate generating apparatus interior conduit end-face structure schematic representation
1-container, 2-pipeline external refrigeration space wherein
3-pipeline 4-connection air inlet/outlet pipeline
5-pipeline end face blind plate 6-turnover gas (water) mouth
7-turnover gas (water) mouthful 8-baffle plate
9-total air inlet/outlet 10-duct bottom drain opening
11-refrigerant outlet 12-total air inlet/outlet
13-total drain opening 14-refrigerant inlet
15-total air inlet/outlet
Embodiment
Embodiment. also the present invention is further illustrated with this example the specific embodiment of the present invention to be described.This example is an experimental prototype, and it constitutes as Fig. 1-shown in Figure 4.This routine core is the gas hydrates storage tanks, this tank structure adopts tubular type stratiform structure (as shown in Figure 1), be about to certain quantity pipeline 3 formation one deck of lining up, on first layer, discharge the second layer then again, several layers pipeline 3 constitutes a storage element, every pipeline 3 ends seal with pipeline end face blind plate 5, air inlet/outlet 6,7 is arranged on the pipeline end face blind plate 5, the pipeline 4 of the connection air inlet/outlet of every pipeline 3 one ends interconnects, make integral body of all pipeline 3 volume inside connection formations in the unit, be used for the generation and the storage of hydrate.Whole storage element is put into a container 1 (as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4), and container 1 adopts metal or adiabatic good material, and the pipeline of unit interior conduit 1 end interconnects the back total air inlet/ outlet 9,15 of formation and passes container 1 wall to container 1 outside; Also establish a refrigerant inlet 14 and refrigerant outlet 11 in the pipeline external refrigeration space 2; Container 1 plays the effect of supporting pipeline 3 and the free air space of refrigeration agent being provided, and promptly the space between container 1 inside and pipeline 3 outsides is used for the circulation of refrigeration agent.Be used for hydrate system cooling to whole pipe 3 inside.
The structure of every pipeline 3 inside as shown in Figure 2, a plate washer 8 is established from end face 8cm place in the two ends of every pipeline 3, pipeline is divided into three space that separates-A chambers, B chamber, A chamber, and the height of baffle plate 8 is established certain value, makes the area of baffle plate 8 account for 80% of pipeline 3 face areas.Duct bottom near baffle plate 82cm place among the chamber B has duct bottom drain opening 10, establishes two turnover gas (water) mouth 6,7 among the A of left chamber on the pipeline end face blind plate 5 of pipeline 3, one on top, one of bottom.Also establish a refrigerant inlet 14 and refrigerant outlet 11 in the refrigeration cavity in pipeline external refrigeration space 2.
The diameter of pipeline 3 is 15cm, and pipeline 3 materials are steel pipe, have good thermal conductivity.About pipeline 3 withstand voltage 6MPa, hydrate no longer needs extra high-pressure bottle when forming.The quantity of every layer of pipeline 3 is 8.The number of plies of each unit pipe 3 is 8 layers.The length of every pipeline 3 is 5m, whole unit can be put on the hydrate storage and transportation automobile (train).Steel is adopted in pipeline external refrigeration space 2, and pressure is not had ad hoc requirement, only needs refrigeration agent not leak and gets final product.The free air space of refrigeration agent does not need other pipeline, directly utilizes the pipeline space outerpace to get final product.
In order to reduce heat loss, thermal insulating material is established in the whole unit outside, to reduce heat dissipation.
Specifically describe the operating process that forms hydrate below, close total drain opening 13 and total turnover gas (water) mouthful 12 valves among Fig. 3 earlier, from total turnover gas (water) mouthful 15 feeding reaction water, simultaneously from total turnover gas (water) mouthful 9 discharge gases, after filling water, open total turnover gas (water) mouthful 12,15 valves, to form the gas of hydrate to pressure 0.1MPa from total turnover gas (water) mouthful 9 feedings, unnecessary water is discharged from total turnover gas (water) mouth 12,15, and Cao Zuo benefit is not need displaced air like this.Because the effect of every pipeline 3 end stop 8, have 80% water among every pipeline 3 middle chamber B and stay in the pipeline 3, and the water among the chamber A all ejects.After water has been arranged, can also can feed simultaneously, be forced into 6MPa, in pipeline 3, form hydrate from total turnover gas (water) mouthful 9,12,15 arbitrary gases that will form hydrate that feed.Feed refrigeration agent from refrigerant inlet 14, refrigeration agent is discharged from refrigerant outlet 11 by 2 backs, whole pipe external refrigeration space, and whole tubing is freezed.Adopt the structure of this form, hydrate forms in pipeline 3 and realizes from compacting.
Hydrate is lowered the temperature to it after forming in pipeline 3, promptly controls refrigerant temperature to the needs temperature, and release is freezing to-18 ℃, airtight storage, pressure 0.3MPa.Whole storage tank cellular system can be put into and store cask, realize storage transportation hydrate.Certainly, also hydrate automobile (train) tank car can be made such hydrate storage tank, constitute, after hydrate forms, not need entrucking, directly transport it into the destination and get final product by one or several unit.
After hydrate is transported to the destination, then carry out the gasification of hydrate, this structure Design becomes simply the gasification of hydrate, and the water that can directly feed greater than 15 ℃ in the internal refrigeration storage space of each unit gets final product, if near available thermal source is arranged, then Qi Hua speed can be faster.After the hydrate gasification, open total drain opening 13 of each storage tank unit bottom, can reclaim water.
This example proves that through repeatedly commerical test the present invention is reasonable in design, and manufacturing process is simple, voltage endurance capability is strong, heat-transfer effect is good, hydrate is easy to form, and is safe and reliable, expense is low.The generation, moulding, storage, transportation and the gasification that have realized quick generation under the hydrate static conditions and gas hydrates are integrated, for the economic accumulating of rock gas provides great convenience.
Claims (7)
1. the generation method of a gas hydrate, it is characterized in that earlier having the tubular type stratiform structure storage tank of cooling cycle system to be full of water employing, feed gas then to the 0.1MPa, discharge unnecessary water, feed gas pressurized to pressure 5～6MPa, at 0～4 ℃, gas is contacted by cooling system control temperature with water in the storage tank interior conduit, under static conditions, generate hydrate, cooling then, step-down, freezing to-15～-20 ℃, airtight storage; The hydrate storage tank is placed on hydrate storage and transportation automobile (train) tank car that adopts certain insulating structure, and hydrate directly feeds the water greater than 15 ℃, the very fast gasification of hydrate from the cooling cycle system of outside after automobile (train) is transported to the destination; After the hydrate gasification, remaining water reclaims or recycling.
2. the generation method of a kind of gas hydrate according to claim 1 after it is characterized in that generating hydrate under static conditions, is lowered the temperature again, and step-down is freezing to-15～-20 ℃, airtight storage, and pressure store is normal pressure～0.5Mpa.
3. the generation method of a kind of gas hydrate according to claim 1 is characterized in that described feeding gas is rock gas or carbon dioxide, nitrogen.
4. generating apparatus that adopts a kind of gas hydrate of the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that its employing tubular type stratiform structure, with certain quantity pipeline (3) formation one deck of lining up, on first layer, discharge the second layer then again, several layers pipeline (3) constitutes a storage element, every pipeline (3) end seals with pipeline end face blind plate (5), air inlet/outlet (6) is arranged on the pipeline end face blind plate (5), (7), the connection air inlet/outlet pipeline (4) of every pipeline (3) one ends interconnects, and makes integral body of all pipelines (3) volume inside connection formation in the unit; Whole storage element is put into a container (1), container (1) adopts metal or adiabatic good material, and container (1) wall was passed to container (10 outsides in formation total air inlet/outlet (9), (12), (15) after the pipeline of unit interior conduit (3) end interconnected; Also establish a refrigerant inlet (14) and refrigerant outlet (11) in the pipeline external refrigeration space (2).
5. the generating apparatus of a kind of gas hydrate according to claim 4, a plate washer (8) is established from end face (5) distance 5～8cm place in the two ends that it is characterized in that every pipeline (3), pipeline (3) is divided into one A chamber, three spaces that separate, B chamber, A chamber, the height of baffle plate (8) is established certain value, makes the area of baffle plate (8) account for 80%～85% of pipeline (3) face area; Pipeline (3) bottom near baffle plate (8) 1～3cm places among the chamber B has duct bottom drain opening (10), the end of pipeline among the A of left chamber (3) to establish two air inlet/outlets (6), air inlet/outlet (7), one on top, one of bottom.
6. the generating apparatus of a kind of gas hydrate according to claim 4, the diameter that it is characterized in that described pipeline (3) are between 12～18cm, and length is 2～5m or determines according to haulage device, about the withstand voltage 6MPa of pipeline (3); The quantity of every layer of pipeline (3) border factually need be determined; The layer data actual demand of each unit pipe (3) is determined; Pipeline (3) material is to have the steel pipe of thermal conductive resin or other material of withstand voltage light weight.
7. the generating apparatus of a kind of gas hydrate according to claim 4 is characterized in that the whole unit outside is provided with thermal insulating material or whole unit is put into the space of a cold insulation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200710119736 CN101358685A (en) | 2007-07-31 | 2007-07-31 | Method and device for generating gas hydrate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200710119736 CN101358685A (en) | 2007-07-31 | 2007-07-31 | Method and device for generating gas hydrate |
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| CN101358685A true CN101358685A (en) | 2009-02-04 |
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| CN 200710119736 Pending CN101358685A (en) | 2007-07-31 | 2007-07-31 | Method and device for generating gas hydrate |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104061435A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-24 | 深圳市燃气集团股份有限公司 | Hydrate storage and transportation method based on self-protection effect |
| CN109628183A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-16 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | A kind of method of storing natural gas hydrate |
| CN109690018A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2019-04-26 | 三井易艾斯控股有限公司 | Gas hydrate recyclable device and gas hydrate recovery method |
| CN110835566A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-02-25 | 中国石油大学(华东) | High-gas-content methane hydrate ball and preparation method thereof |
| CN113252507A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-08-13 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Method for analyzing disturbance and stability of hydrate reservoirs with different burial depths |
-
2007
- 2007-07-31 CN CN 200710119736 patent/CN101358685A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104061435A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-24 | 深圳市燃气集团股份有限公司 | Hydrate storage and transportation method based on self-protection effect |
| CN109690018A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2019-04-26 | 三井易艾斯控股有限公司 | Gas hydrate recyclable device and gas hydrate recovery method |
| CN109628183A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-16 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | A kind of method of storing natural gas hydrate |
| CN110835566A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-02-25 | 中国石油大学(华东) | High-gas-content methane hydrate ball and preparation method thereof |
| CN113252507A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-08-13 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Method for analyzing disturbance and stability of hydrate reservoirs with different burial depths |
| CN113252507B (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2022-03-22 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Method for analyzing disturbance and stability of hydrate reservoirs with different burial depths |
| US11441986B1 (en) | 2021-04-27 | 2022-09-13 | Qingdao Institute Of Marine Geology | Disturbance and stability analysis method for hydrate reservoirs with difference buried depths |
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Application publication date: 20090204 |