CN101518304B - Dry extrusion wall-breaking method for pollen - Google Patents
Dry extrusion wall-breaking method for pollen Download PDFInfo
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- CN101518304B CN101518304B CN2009100307061A CN200910030706A CN101518304B CN 101518304 B CN101518304 B CN 101518304B CN 2009100307061 A CN2009100307061 A CN 2009100307061A CN 200910030706 A CN200910030706 A CN 200910030706A CN 101518304 B CN101518304 B CN 101518304B
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Abstract
A dry extrusion wall-breaking method for pollen comprises the following steps of: (1) soaking pollen in pure water for 30 minutes and filtering the pollen to remove dust and impurities; (2) adding the pollen obtained in step (1) into a food screw extruder to extrude the pollen at a cavity temperature of between 40 and 65 DEG C, a pressure of between 2 and 12 MPa, a rotation speed of 14 to 60 R/minpollen obtained in step (1) into a food screw extruder to extrude the pollen at a cavity temperature of between 40 and 65 DEG C, a pressure of between 2 and 12 MPa, a rotation speed of 14 to 60 R/minand a stroke of 80 to 150 centimeters, and injecting out the pollen at a high speed from a die opening with a 2 to 6 millimeter diameter for wall breaking; and (3) drying the pollen for 1 to 2 hoursunder reduced pressure and filling the pollen in bags for package to obtain the product. The pollen can be pure pollen or a mixture of any several kinds of the pollen. The pollen is selected from hawthorn pollen, rape pollen, thyme pollen, buckwheat pollen, silymarin pollen, chestnut pollen, chrysanthemum pollen, orange pollen, dandelion pollen, tilia europea, pine pollen, acacia pollen, maize polhorn pollen, rape pollen, thyme pollen, buckwheat pollen, silymarin pollen, chestnut pollen, chrysanthemum pollen, orange pollen, dandelion pollen, tilia europea, pine pollen, acacia pollen, maize pollen, sunflower pollen, astragalus sinicus pollen and the like. The pollen wall-breaking efficiency of the method is up to 99 percent. The sanitation, safety and stability of the pollen product are improved. The method is simple in process, can be operated continuously and is high in yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technical method of pollen dry extrusion wall-breaking, belong to the pollen applied technical field.
Background technology
Pollen contains rich nutrient contents and multiple bioactivator, be described as " complete nutrition product ", it is all multi-functional to have anti-oxidant, antifatigue, adjusting blood fat etc., powerful aspect supplemental treatment prostatic disorders and disease of digestive tract, possess the basis of industries such as being applied to food, medicine, chemical industry, agriculture and animal husbandry.
Ripe pollen has tough and tensile cell membrane (being made up of sporopollenin, pectic substance and cellulose etc.), wherein sporopollenin (C
98H
22O
24) have acidproofly, alkaline-resisting, high temperature resistant and high pressure resistant, and, limited human body digesting and assimilating to active principle in the pollen to hydrochloric acid in gastric juice and the highly stable physicochemical property of other digestive system enzymes.
At present both at home and abroad the technical method of pollen broken wall is more, comprises that methods such as utilizing the temperature difference, air pressure, mechanical crushing carries out broken wall.Also have chemical method broken wall and biological treatment broken wall method in addition in conjunction with the physics processing method.In these methods, the temperature difference is used more extensive in conjunction with mechanical crushing method, but sporoderm-broken rate is low, and very easily destroys pollen active ingredient under the hot conditions.Air-flow is pulverized all has certain requirement to plant equipment, air purity, humiture, pollen dry condition, and the pre-treatment that oarse-grained pollen need sieve or pulverize, its cost is higher, and (season is gentle and quiet, Hu Fuliang. China's pollen processing and utilization patent summary (on). bee magazine, 2008,8:9-11).Chinese patent CN1709141 integrated use biologic enzymolysis method and physics method are carried out broken wall, the handling procedure complexity, and product is contaminated easily, and cost is higher.
Present commercially available pollen contains 5%～15% impalpable powder trifle in the world matter that does not wait according to the difference of source, acquisition method and purchasing price, the dust of complicated component is the pollution sources of pollen raw material inherence, very easily cause the qualitative change of product behind the pollen broken wall, and various common wall breaking technology especially the dry method broken wall all can't dispel these dust.On the other hand, be rich in easy oxidizing components such as various unrighted acids in the pollen, also contain a large amount of amino acid, protein and polysaccharide isoreactivity nutritional labeling, the existing wall-breaking method equipment complicated technology cycle is long, product very easily pollutes in the pollen broken wall process, the generation microbiological contamination is gone mouldy, and makes peroxide value, acid value severe overweight, produces stink and rotten.Present technology solution is to increase sterilization process in the broken wall process and equipment prevents microbiological contamination, or adds anti-oxidant measures such as natural and nitrogen-filled packaging behind the broken wall, to keep the stable of broken wall product.The pollen broken wall production cycle is long, and the high hygienic quality difference of the production cost common problem that is these technology.Therefore seek a kind of sporoderm-broken rate height, technology is easy and process-cycle weak point, safety and stability, technology for broken wall that cost is low just seem particularly important.
At present, extrusion technique has been widely used in the food production, and screw extruder is used for food production and has that technology is simple, production serialization, efficient height, energy consumption are low, the characteristics of smail investments and quick rerurn, one-machine-multi-function.Can finish the mixing of raw material by an extruder one step, slaking, pulverize, sterilization, predrying, technologies such as moulding, in food processing, commonly used have a single-screw extrusion machine, twin (double) screw extruder and three screw extruders, screw extruder mainly is used to the starch dilated food in food industry, the albumen extruded food, the production of expanded pellet diet, also can be used as special chemistry or biochemical reactor, the basic fundamental requirement that screw extruder is applied to dilated food is that HTHP is to produce the abundant expanded gelatinization of food, and pollen active ingredient poor high temperature stability, traditional expanded extrusion process easily causes the change of pollen product composition and local flavor, so the pollen extrusion wall-breaking has significantly different specification requirement with present puffing technique.
Summary of the invention
The technical method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of pollen dry extrusion wall-breaking, this is a kind of simply and efficiently process for breaking wall of pollen, do not add the active chemical composition of any character in the broken wall process, need not increase sterilization and other auxiliary equipment, have with short production cycle and cost low, the product property stabilised quality is safe and reliable.Technology is simple, and stable in properties has overcome the many-sided defective of traditional handicraft.The pollen product of broken wall can be used as the raw material of the various health products of further preparation, medicine, cosmetics, beverage etc.
Technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of method of pollen dry extrusion wall-breaking, and concrete steps are:
(1), pollen soaked 30 minutes with pure water, filtering dust impurity, press filtration dewaters to doing;
(2), the pollen that above-mentioned steps is obtained adds solid adjuvant material and mixes or do not add solid adjuvant material, add food screw extruder then, with 40 ℃～65 ℃ of cavity temperatures, pressure 2～12Mpa, 14～60 rev/mins of rotating speeds, stroke 80 centimetres～150 centimeter of extruded, pollen sprays and broken wall fast through 2～6 mm dia die orifices;
(3), 1～2 hour drying of decompression, pack encapsulation promptly gets product.
Pollen described in the above scheme can be single pollen or any several pollen mixture in various sources.The pollen commonly used that the inventive method is suitable for has: hawthorn pollen, rape pollen, thyme pollen, pollen of Semen Fagopyri Esculenti, water fly to revive pollen, chestnut pollen, chrysanthemum powder, orange tree pollen, dandelion pollen, lime tree pollen, pollen pini, acacia pollen, zasiokaurin, sunflower powder, Pollen Astragali Melilotoidis (Pollen Astragali Sinici), sesame pollen, jowar pollen etc.
Described food screw extruder is: the food of all size single-screw extrusion machine, twin (double) screw extruder or three screw extruders.
Say that more specifically and more optimally the method step of pollen dry extrusion wall-breaking of the present invention is as follows:
(1), the pollen that takes by weighing 1 mass parts mixes with 10 times of amount pure water, leaves standstill 30 minutes, collects upper strata pollen, decompress filter is standby;
(2), pollen adds solid adjuvant material and mixes or do not add solid adjuvant material, add above-mentioned standby pollen continuously through the food screw extruder charge door then, 40 ℃～60 ℃ of adjusting screw(rod) extruder cavity temperatures, rotating speed are decided to be 2～4 millimeters of 20～50 rev/mins, discharging die orifice diameter, with 5～12Mpa pressure extrusion material; The screw extruder extruding of stroke more than 150 centimetres once get final product, and stroke is lower than 150 centimetres screw extruder and then circulates and push 2～5 times;
(3), the decompression of the pollen normal temperature behind the broken wall 1～2 hour is promptly dry, loose broken pollen product.
Sporoderm-broken rate is measured: take by weighing an amount of pollen pini, with microscopic examination broken wall situation, the sporoderm-broken rate computing formula is as follows behind the broken wall:
Rate of breaking pollen wall=(the remaining pollen grain number of 1-/broken wall prepollen grain number) * 100%
Product composition contrast: the pollen product of extrusion wall-breaking and standard machinery broken wall product, extract quantitative various broken wall products with 20 times of amount alcohol percolation methods, 10 times of percolate dilutions, electron spectrum scanning, relatively the higher derivative stave of each scanning spectra is bright, the composition indifference of the pollen product of extrusion wall-breaking and standard machinery broken wall product.
Study on the stability: the various pollen of extrusion wall-breaking, as the high humidity stability test with commercially available broken masson pine pollen (vacuum packaging) and natural pollen pini (not broken wall) raw material such as pollen pini, broken wall rape pollen, broken wall chrysanthemum powder, broken wall Pollen Astragali Melilotoidis (Pollen Astragali Sinici), the product of extrusion wall-breaking can keep 10 days outward appearances not have significant change, do not have the no abnormal smell of caking as a result; Natural pollen pini then produces mould, and commercially available broken masson pine pollen produces a large amount of moulds, variable color and produces peculiar smell.
Advantage of the present invention:
(1) rate of breaking pollen wall is up to more than 95%.
(2) added the impurity elimination program, the sterilization of extrusion process and sterilization effect have improved the health and the security of pollen product, have strengthened product stability.
(3) obtain the broken pollen good fluidity, can be used as the raw material of reprocessing health products, medicine, cosmetics, beverage etc.
(4) but the simple continued operation of this technology, with low cost, the productive rate height is beneficial to industrialization production.
The specific embodiment
3.0 kilograms of embodiment 1, pollen pini soaked several minutes with ordinary water, get upper strata pollen, suction filtration is to doing, control food screw extruder operating temperature is not higher than 60 ℃, 150 centimetres of twin-screw strokes, main motor frequency conversion rate 10.6,40 rev/mins of rotating speeds, 3 millimeters of discharging die orifice diameters, add the pollen extruding continuously through the food screw extruder charge door, discharging opening gets broken masson pine pollen, and drying was 1 hour under the microwave temperature was not higher than 60 ℃, pulverized, cross 100 mesh sieves and promptly get Powdered broken masson pine pollen product, pollen pini sporoderm-broken rate 99%.
Embodiment 2, substantially the same manner as Example 1, but add 1.0 kilograms of beta-schardinger dextrin-s, prepare 3.98 kilograms of pollen pini products that contain the auxiliary material beta-schardinger dextrin-, sporoderm-broken rate 95%.
Embodiment 3, substantially the same manner as Example 1, but add 0.5 kilogram of beta-schardinger dextrin-, prepare 3.49 kilograms of pollen pini products.
Embodiment 4, substantially the same manner as Example 1, but add 0.5 kilogram of microcrystalline cellulose, prepare 3.46 kilograms of pollen pini products.
Embodiment 5, substantially the same manner as Example 1, but add 2.0 kilograms of beta-schardinger dextrin-s, prepare 4.90 kilograms of pollen pini products.
Embodiment 6, substantially the same manner as Example 1, but 3.0 kilograms of jowar pollen adopted, make 0.99 kilogram of broken wall jowar pollen product.
Embodiment 7, substantially the same manner as Example 1, but 3.0 kilograms of jowar pollen and 1.0 kilograms of beta-schardinger dextrin-s adopted, make 3.98 kilograms of broken wall jowar pollen products.
Embodiment 8, substantially the same manner as Example 1, but 3.0 kilograms of dandelion pollen adopted, make 3.0 kilograms of broken wall dandelion pollen products.
Embodiment 9, substantially the same manner as Example 1, but 3.0 kilograms of orange tree pollen adopted, make 2.99 kilograms of broken wall orange tree pollen products.
Embodiment 10, substantially the same manner as Example 1, but 3.0 kilograms of sesame pollen adopted, make 2.97 kilograms of broken wall sesame pollen products.
Embodiment 11, substantially the same manner as Example 1, but 3.0 kilograms of chrysanthemum powders adopted, make 2.99 kilograms of broken wall chrysanthemum powder products.
Embodiment 12, substantially the same manner as Example 1, but 3.0 kilograms of chestnut pollen adopted, make 3.0 kilograms of broken wall chestnut pollen products.
Embodiment 13, substantially the same manner as Example 1, but adopt 3.0 kg of water to fly the pollen of reviving, make 2.98 kilograms of broken wall water and fly the pollen product of reviving.
Embodiment 14, substantially the same manner as Example 1, but 3.0 kilograms of pollen of Semen Fagopyri Esculenti adopted, make 2.99 kilograms of broken wall pollen of Semen Fagopyri Esculenti products.
Embodiment 15, substantially the same manner as Example 1, but 3.0 kilograms of thyme pollen adopted, make 2.98 kilograms of broken wall thyme pollen products.
Embodiment 16, substantially the same manner as Example 1, but 3.0 kilograms of rape pollens adopted, make 2.97 kilograms of broken wall rape pollen products.
Embodiment 17, substantially the same manner as Example 1, but 3.0 kilograms of hawthorn pollen adopted, make 2.99 kilograms of broken wall hawthorn pollen products.
Claims (5)
1. the method for a pollen dry extrusion wall-breaking is characterized in that, step is as follows:
(1), pollen soaked 30 minutes with pure water, filtering dust impurity, filtration dewaters;
(2), the pollen that above-mentioned steps is obtained adds food screw extruder, with 40 ℃～65 ℃ of cavity temperatures, pressure 2～12Mpa, 14～60 rev/mins of rotating speeds, stroke 80 centimetres～150 centimeter of extruded, pollen sprays and broken wall fast through 2～6 mm dia die orifices;
(3), 1～2 hour drying of decompression, pack encapsulation promptly gets product.
2. the method for pollen dry extrusion wall-breaking according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described pollen is single pollen or any several pollen mixture in source.
3. the method for pollen dry extrusion wall-breaking according to claim 2, it is characterized in that described pollen is selected from: hawthorn pollen, rape pollen, thyme pollen, pollen of Semen Fagopyri Esculenti, water fly to revive pollen, chestnut pollen, chrysanthemum powder, orange tree pollen, dandelion pollen, lime tree pollen, pollen pini, acacia pollen, zasiokaurin, sunflower powder, Pollen Astragali Melilotoidis (Pollen Astragali Sinici), sesame pollen or jowar pollen.
4. the method for pollen dry extrusion wall-breaking according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described food screw extruder food single-screw extrusion machine, twin (double) screw extruder or three screw extruders.
5. according to the method for the described pollen dry extrusion wall-breaking of one of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that the concrete operations step is as follows:
(1), the pollen that takes by weighing 1 mass parts mixes with 10 times of amount pure water, leaves standstill 30 minutes, collects upper strata pollen, decompress filter dewaters standby;
(2), add continuously above-mentioned standby pollen, 50 ℃～60 ℃ of adjusting screw(rod) extruder cavity temperatures, rotating speed are decided to be 2～4 millimeters of 20～50 rev/mins, discharging die orifice diameter, with 5～12Mpa pressure extrusion material through the food screw extruder charge door; The extruding of screw extruder that stroke is 150 centimetres once get final product, and stroke is lower than 100 centimetres screw extruder and then circulates and push 2～5 times;
(3), the decompression of the pollen normal temperature behind the broken wall 1～2 hour is promptly dry, loose broken pollen product.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100307061A CN101518304B (en) | 2009-04-10 | 2009-04-10 | Dry extrusion wall-breaking method for pollen |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009100307061A CN101518304B (en) | 2009-04-10 | 2009-04-10 | Dry extrusion wall-breaking method for pollen |
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| CN101518304A CN101518304A (en) | 2009-09-02 |
| CN101518304B true CN101518304B (en) | 2011-10-26 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102114055B (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2012-05-23 | 烟台新时代健康产业有限公司 | Production method of pine pollen health liquor for treating prostatic hypertrophy |
| CN103053892A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-24 | 重庆蜂谷美地生态养蜂有限公司 | Male exclusive composite broken-wall pollen formula |
| CN104187603B (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2016-08-24 | 山东英特力生物科技有限公司 | A kind of pollen fruit-vegetable nutrition powder and preparation method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1194315A1 (en) * | 1984-03-21 | 1985-11-30 | Краснодарский Ордена Ленина И Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Научно-Исследовательский Институт Сельского Хозяйства Им.П.П.Лукьяненко | Arrangement for collecting pollen and seeds |
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| GB2191072A (en) * | 1986-06-06 | 1987-12-09 | Univ Western Ontario | Modified seed grain |
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| CN86103261A (en) * | 1986-05-10 | 1987-06-17 | 南昌日用化工厂 | Pollen wall-breaking technology and device thereof |
| GB2191072A (en) * | 1986-06-06 | 1987-12-09 | Univ Western Ontario | Modified seed grain |
| CN2082197U (en) * | 1990-10-16 | 1991-08-07 | 承德中药科技开发研究所 | Crusher-grinder |
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