Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is the present situation at prior art, and the turning hoisting method that does not need moving crane, vertical equipment that hoisting cost is low in a kind of hoisting process is provided.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: the turning hoisting method of this vertical equipment is characterized in that comprising subordinate's step:
A) will treat that according to lifting field condition and crane erect-position hanging device unloads, and the afterbody that makes equipment is towards crane;
B) at the afterbody near equipment rotating shaft system is set, the position that arrives anti-inclination angle at equipment is provided with the anti-dumping facility;
C) with the suspension hook of the crane suspension centre by the rigging connecting device, described suspension centre is positioned at more than the equipment center of gravity;
D) the hoist suspension hook and the crane armed lever that rises of crane, make equipment around the shaft system rotate, and the equipment step by step tray is risen;
E) equipment afterbody contact anti-dumping facility after equipment arrives anti-position, inclination angle, crane continues the hanging hook and the crane armed lever that rises, and equipment is rotated until upright fully around the anti-dumping facility;
F) continue to promote hoist lifting hook and make equipment break away from the anti-dumping facility, extract rotating shaft;
G) adjusting the crane operation radius is radius in place, and slewing is to Equipment Foundations then, and it is in place with equipment to adjust the orientation.
In the said method, can use existing rotating shaft system and anti-dumping facility, the rotating shaft system of prior aries such as for example switching method, push method or the row's of rolling slide tail method does not need to design especially rotating shaft system and anti-dumping facility.Certainly, for each hanging method, adopt rotating shaft system and anti-dumping facility at the equipment of this method, the type, the alerting ability of its lifting and specific aim can be better.
Preferred rotating shaft system can comprise underground foundation, chassis, carrier, horizontal rotating shaft bearing and the horizontal rotating shaft that is arranged on below ground, wherein said chassis is fixed on the underground foundation, described carrier is fixed on the chassis again, the shaft hole that vertical rotation axis passes on the carrier is fixed on the center on top, chassis, described horizontal rotating shaft bearing has two, be separately fixed at two outer ends of carrier, horizontal rotating shaft is installed on the horizontal rotating shaft bearing and with device bottom and horizontal rotating shaft bearing and links together.
Underground foundation is the facility of fixed rotating shaft system, can adopt steel structure or concrete bearing platform, can the chassis be fixed on the underground foundation by bolt.Two horizontal rotating shaft bearings are installed on carrier, have shaft hole on horizontal rotating shaft bearing top, horizontal rotating shaft is positioned in the shaft hole and is supported on the horizontal rotating shaft base.Preferably, described shaft hole can be designed to have the semicircle of angle, and the horizontal rotating shaft bearing can be installed and break away to horizontal rotating shaft more easily like this.Described horizontal rotating shaft can direct connection equipment the bottom, board-like hanger or equipment skirt on also can connecting device.
Above-mentioned rotating shaft system is not only applicable to this turning hoisting method, is adapted to other hanging method yet.
The setting of the anti-dumping facility among the step b of the present invention also can be put between steps d and the step e, promptly after equipment arrives anti-position, inclination angle the anti-dumping facility is set again.
The turning hoisting method of vertical equipment provided by the present invention, before equipment hoisting, do not need numerous and diverse, calculating is exactly carried out in equipment orientation, position, and do not need assembly pulley to draw and anti-dumping in the hoisting process, to the suspension centre orientation without limits, good operability, can adjust the orientation and the position of equipment according to actual needs after equipment is upright, it is in place to lift Equipment Foundations at last.This turning hoisting method not only can lift ground-surface vertical equipment, but the also high equipment of hoisted in position height is wider than existing turning hoisting method Applicable scope.
Can also be provided with vertical rotation axis in the aforesaid rotating shaft system, promptly offer shaft hole in the center of described carrier, vertical rotation axis passes shaft hole and is fixed on the chassis; Also be installed with rotating disk between described carrier and the chassis, described rotating disk comprises top rotary table and lower rotary table, and described top rotary table is captiveed joint with carrier, and described lower rotary table is captiveed joint with the chassis, and top rotary table and lower rotary table are for being rotatably connected; Carrier and top rotary table can rotate around vertical rotation axis under external force.
Aforesaid rotating shaft system both can rotate in the horizontal direction, also can rotate in vertical direction, and like this in the process of vertical vessel, the crane bar that can rise also can be turn-taked.Whole hoisting process need not to carry out in a lifting plane as common push method or switching method; The upright back of equipment equipment can break away from rotating shaft system simultaneously, and is only with crane that equipment hoisting is in place, and the lifting alerting ability is good.
Described anti-dumping facility is that equipment arrives the underbed when preventing the inclination angle, prevents that according to equipment the position at inclination angle is provided with, and is usually located at the rear portion of rotating shaft system, can adopt yard preferably or an aforesaid rotating shaft system is set again.After equipment arrived anti-inclination angle, device bottom touched the anti-dumping facility, and equipment is rotated further around the anti-dumping facility, and it is upright fully until equipment to break away from rotating shaft system gradually.Crane continues to promote suspension hook makes equipment break away from the anti-dumping facility, and slewing is to Equipment Foundations, and it is in place with equipment hoisting to adjust the orientation.
Along with rolling up of domestic crane, crane lifting becomes the main stream approach of lifting gradually.But crane lifting generally need slip the tail crane to be cooperated, and expense is higher.The invention of crane switching method hanging vertical type equipment preferably resolves above problem, has avoided the defective of general push method or switching method hanging vertical type equipment simultaneously again, and good practical values is arranged.
The present invention and existing switching method hanging vertical type equipment relatively have following difference:
1, mainly hang the instrument difference: the present invention uses crane as lifting device, and all power are provided by crane, need not be provided with that assembly pulley draws and anti-dumping, and crane can rise bar and revolution, and is easy to operate; And use door frame or mast, door frame or mast need and equipment to rotate in the existing switching method hanging vertical type equipment around the rotating shaft of same axis, the lifting device setting is complicated.
2, anti-dumping is provided with difference: the anti-dumping facility among the present invention is arranged on the rotating shaft rear portion, adopts the road yard or the rotating shaft system of bed hedgehopping more, and the anti-dumping facility is simpler, easily operation; And the anti-dumping facility in the existing switching method hanging vertical type equipment is the post-tensioning assembly pulley that is arranged on the suspension centre of top, and complexity is set.
3, equipment is put the orientation and required different: it is unrestricted that the equipment among the present invention is put the orientation, need not to draw and establish cable rope, little to the site operation influence.
4, mode difference in place: can break away from rotating shaft system after equipment is upright, behind the adjustment orientation that equipment is in place, process in place and general crane lifting are as good as; And in the method for existing switching method hanging vertical type equipment, the equipment stand up position is on-station position, and equipment orientation and position can not adjust again, therefore needs a large amount of calculating to determine the approach fix of equipment before the lifting.The method of existing switching method hanging vertical type equipment can only lift ground or the not high equipment of height in place simultaneously; And this hanging method does not have this restriction.
5, duration difference: setup time of the present invention and lifting time are shorter, are generally about 5 days; And existing switching method hanging vertical type equipment needs about 15 days.
The present invention compares with " a kind of lifting and hoisting method of vertical equipment ", and the afterbody that a kind of equipment is provided is towards crane, rises by bar or revolution with the upright hanging method of equipment system's rotation around the shaft by crane.In " a kind of lifting and hoisting method of vertical equipment ", the crane election equipment of need walking is upright, need to handle long crane walking ground, and crane does not need walking usually in hanging method of the present invention, and the ground processing area is little, has saved hoisting cost.
Method provided by the present invention can be applicable to the lifting of the lifting of all vertical equipments, particularly oil, chemical industry vertical equipment, is with a wide range of applications.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment describes in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
Rotating shaft system 3 and anti-dumping facility 4 are set, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2 earlier.Described rotating shaft system 3 can be the rotating shaft system in existing switching method, push method and the row's of the rolling slide tail method, also can be the rotating shaft system at this hoisting exploitation.Present embodiment adopts the rotating shaft system at this hoisting exploitation, and earlier at the underground underground foundation 31 that is provided with, underground foundation described in the present embodiment 31 adopts concrete bearing platform, by bolt 37 chassis 32 is fixed on the underground foundation 31.Rotating disk 38 is an annular arrangement, it comprises top rotary table and lower rotary table, described lower rotary table is fixed on the chassis 32, and on the described lower rotary table side's fixed thereon carrier 33, being connected to form by bearing between top rotary table and the lower rotary table can be around the fit structure of vertical rotation axis 36 rotations.Be installed with two horizontal rotating shaft bearings 34 on the described carrier 33, have shaft hole 39 on horizontal rotating shaft bearing 34 tops, described shaft hole 39 is designed to have the semicircle of angle, and horizontal rotating shaft bearing 34 can be installed and break away to horizontal rotating shaft 35 more easily like this.Horizontal rotating shaft 35 is positioned in the shaft hole 39 and is supported on the horizontal rotating shaft bearing 34; Horizontal rotating shaft 35 is gone back the connecting device skirt simultaneously in the present embodiment, if equipment adopts the hanger lifting, horizontal rotating shaft 35 can be located in the hanger.
Equipment 1 is heavy 383 tons, and is long 63 meters, 5.8 meters of diameters, flat turn 31.2 meters of the distances of axle bearing that the equipment center of gravity is dried up; Adopt formula
Calculate its position, anti-inclination angle at 82.5 degree, 2.1 meters of rotating
shaft system 3 height, according to computation structure determine anti-dumping facility 4 height and and the distance of rotating
shaft system 3 be 5.1 meters, in this position anti-dumping facility 4 is set, anti-dumping facility 4 in the present embodiment adopts
road yard 41, this road yard is high 2.85 meters, long 5 meters.The
crane 2 that is used to elect is 1250 tons of cranes of DEMAG CC8800 type, and operating mode is SSL, and 90 meters of brachiums have surpassed 22 meters of radiuses, and the lifting radius is 67.5 meters, 600 tons of super-starting balance weights, and the lifting ability is 245 tons; Main hanger is positioned at from 59.1 meters of skirts, according to calculating 205 tons of hoisting weights.Radius was 15 meters when equipment was upright, and 1250 tons of crane lifting abilities are 770 tons, and
equipment 1 is heavy 383 tons.The position is set should guarantees equipment and the mutually noninterfere of crane armed lever in the crane switching process of suspension centre, preferably can try one's best is provided with near the equipment top, and suspension centre is arranged on apart from 4 meters, equipment top in the present embodiment.
After setting the position of rotating shaft system 3 and anti-dumping facility 4 and position that equipment 1 is put, equipment 1 is marched into the arena and is put, and equipment 1 afterbody is connected horizontal rotating shaft 35 towards crane 2 with equipment 1 bottom.Crane 2 is marched into the arena, and the suspension centre by on lifting rigging connection crane 2 suspension hooks and the equipment 1 begins lifting.Crane 2 suspension hooks that hoist, because crane 2 lifting abilities are greater than the distributed weight at equipment 1 suspension centre place, equipment 1 system around the shaft rotates; Crane 2 armed levers that in this process, need in good time rise, equipment 1 is upright gradually; Equipment 1 arrives when preventing the inclination angle, equipment 1 afterbody contact anti-dumping facility 4, and equipment 1 is rotated further around anti-dumping facility 4, and is upright fully up to equipment; Promote crane 2 suspension hooks, make equipment break away from anti-dumping facility 4; Apparatus for rotating 1 is to Equipment Foundations, and behind adjustment equipment 1 orientation, time crane 2 suspension hooks are in place with equipment 1.Whole hoisting process do not need assembly pulley draw with anti-dumping and to the suspension centre orientation without limits, flexible operation, convenience, and need not carry out complicated calculation before the lifting, saved manpower and time, be a kind of efficient ways of large-scale vertical equipment hoisting.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment is only different with embodiment at the rotating shaft system that adopts, and other is with embodiment 1.
Crane rolls rotating shaft system and anti-dumping facility commonly used in row's slide tail in the present embodiment employing routine techniques.Be provided as the platform 5 of placing rotating shaft system 6 and anti-dumping facility 7 earlier.Platform 5 can use the crane subgrade case to lay and form, and this platform 5 can be connected with the subgrade case under the crane crawler belt, relies on the gravity of crane self that platform 5 is fixing.Away from crane one end rotating shaft system 6 is set at platform 5, near crane one end anti-dumping facility 7 is set at platform 5.Rotating shaft system 6 is made of subgrade case 63, shaft base 62 and rotating shaft 63.Subgrade case 63 is fixing with platform 5 welding, and shaft base 62 lower ends and subgrade case 63 welding are fixing.Shaft base 62 tops are circular arc, are used to place rotating shaft 61.Deep-slotted chip breaker is arranged in the rotating shaft 61 or the afterbody of anchor clamps connecting device is set, the equipment afterbody of making can together with rotating shaft 61 around the shaft base 62 rotate.Anti-dumping facility 7 is made of subgrade case 72 and sleeper 71, according to the requirement of anti-dumping facility height subgrade case 72 is set.