CN101513238B - Solid-state fermentation preparation method of lotus root dietary fiber and products thereof - Google Patents
Solid-state fermentation preparation method of lotus root dietary fiber and products thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101513238B CN101513238B CN2009100302301A CN200910030230A CN101513238B CN 101513238 B CN101513238 B CN 101513238B CN 2009100302301 A CN2009100302301 A CN 2009100302301A CN 200910030230 A CN200910030230 A CN 200910030230A CN 101513238 B CN101513238 B CN 101513238B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solid-state fermentation preparation method of lotus root dietary fiber and products thereof, belonging to the fields of food biotechnology and health-care food manufacturing technique. The invention is characterized in that lotus root residue is taken as raw material, which is processed by saccharification by using angel distiller yeast, added with wheat bran to be taken as loosening agent, supplemented with growth factors such as magnesium sulfate, VB1, ferrous sulfate and the like, and inoculated Ganoderma lucidum HG for solid-state fermentation. In the process of fermentation, part of insoluble dietary fiber in the lotus root residue is converted into soluble dietary fiber by lucid ganoderma, so that the quality of the lotus root dietary fiber can be improved. After solid-state fermentation, the lotus root residue is processed by the working procedures such as heating, drying, extruding, swelling, micronization and the like, and is finally made into lotus root dietary fiber. The method has simple technique, better maneuverability and good quality of the obtained lotus root dietary fiber with the soluble dietary fiber content of 10-12g/100g and the insoluble dietary fiber content of 50-60g/100g.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to solid-state fermentation preparation method of a kind of lotus root dietary fiber and products thereof, be to be the culture medium primary raw material with the lotus root slag, the inoculation glossy ganoderma, carry out solid state fermentation, fermentation is after the activate processing, obtain the preparation method of lotus root dregs diet fibre, belong to technical field of food biotechnology, also belong to the health food production technical field.
Two, background technology
Lotus rhizome (Nelumbo nucifera gaertn) has another name called lotus, lotus, lotus root etc., is a kind of perennial perennial root aquatic herbaceous plant, and is edible with the tender root-like stock of fertilizer, is the important aquatic vegetable of China.Lotus rhizome is nutritious, about 50%, butt content of starch 45.0～47.5g/100g, content of reducing sugar 0.5～1.0g/100g of moisture, content of soluble protein 400～450 μ g/g, free aminoacid content 200～250 μ g/g in the medium lotus rhizome of maturity.Also contain more dietary fiber in the lotus rhizome, wherein insoluble diedairy fiber content is 40～50g/100g, soluble dietary fibre content 7～9g/100g.
Dietary fiber not only can reduce the human plasma cholesterol, improve the blood sugar reaction of formation, and has physiological functions such as control body weight, prevention constipation and colon cancer.The U.S. FDA suggestion, the adult should take in dietary fiber 20～35g for each person every day, and Chinese Soclety of Nutrition (2000) is recommended, and the intake of dietary fiber is 30.2g for each person every day.It is reported that it is 13.3g that China becomes to take in every day for each person the dietary fiber amount, less than half of recommended intake.Adjust diet structure, increase the intake of dietary fiber, " rich man's disease " that can prevent to cause because of food is too meticulous takes place.
At present, the production method of dietary fiber mainly contains chemical method, enzyme process and enzyme-chemically combined techniques etc.The domestic preparation method who discloses some dietary fibers.Patent (publication number CN101190015A, open day on October 7th, 2006) discloses a kind of method of utilizing edible burdock to prepare insoluble food fibre, is to adopt the soda acid processing method to produce dietary fiber the later stage processing of decolouring.When adopting soda acid to handle raw material, the dietary fiber structure easily goes to pot, and the dietary fiber yield with physiologically active is low, and the waste water environmental pollution that produces is serious.Patent (publication number CN1718107A, open day on October 1st, 2005) discloses the method that the multienzyme method of fractional steps prepares the wheat bran food fibre powder, produces dietary fiber with the compositions such as protein, starch and fat in the enzyme-chemically combined techniques hydrolysis wheat bran.Enzyme-chemically method processing procedure is gentle, do not destroy the structure of dietary fiber, but this method can not keep soluble dietary fiber, thereby the finished product physiologically active is low, the production cost height.No matter adopt chemical method, enzyme process, or the enzyme-chemically combined techniques have the low shortcoming of resource utilization, and the discharging of waste liquid easily causes problem of environmental pollution after the hydrolysis when producing dietary fiber.
Advantage such as microbe fermentation method is produced dietary fiber and had the process gentleness, do not destroy the dietary fiber physiologically active, production cost is low is the effective ways that obtain dietary fiber.Domesticly disclose some and adopt microbial fermentations to produce the method for dietary fiber, also to have with the lotus rhizome be the report of fermentation raw material.It is reported (Wu Jiange, modern food science and technology, 2006), with lotus root skin and rhizoma nelumbinis is that raw material adds cotton dregs etc. make lotus root dietary fiber after the fermentation of tripe bacterium, this method is a raw material with rhizoma nelumbinis and lotus root skin, ignored in the actual production far above the lotus root slag of rhizoma nelumbinis and lotus root skin output, be difficult to realize the efficient utilization of agricultural production accessory substance; Do not relate to the fermentation parameter of tripe bacterium in the document, lack practicality.Patent (publication number CN1303905C, open day on March 14th, 2007) method that a kind of microbial fermentation tubers agricultural byproducts residue is produced dietary fiber is disclosed, with tubers agricultural byproducts residues such as lotus rhizome, the root of kudzu vine, Chinese yams is raw material, inoculation glossy ganoderma, tea tree mushroom, straw mushroom etc. are edible fungus fermented, in the patent use of each raw material and the fermentation condition of bacterial strain are unitized, in actual production, be difficult to realize.The first, different raw materials has notable difference on the composition of chemical composition and content, as a kind of water plant, be rich in compositions such as starch, fiber as lotus rhizome, also contains mineral elements such as the required phosphorus of growth of microorganism, iron; And contain starch, fiber and isoflavone like substance in the root of kudzu vine, lack required nitrogenous source of growth of microorganism and growth factor etc.The second, the optimum growing condition of several edible mushrooms that relate in this patent differs greatly, and for example straw mushroom belongs to the high temperature modification fungi, and the thalli growth temperature is apparently higher than other several edible mushrooms.The 3rd, above-mentioned several edible mushrooms are oxygen consumption type fungi, and the culture medium described in the patent exists the problem of dissolved oxygen deficiency, can make fungi be difficult to growth.
The present invention adopts the glossy ganoderma solid state fermentation to produce lotus root dietary fiber.With the rhizoma nelumbinis that produces in the lotus root goods process, lotus root skin, lotus root slag and etc. outer lotus root etc. be raw material, add wheat bran as raising agent, replenish growth factor, the inoculation glossy ganoderma, carry out solid state fermentation, utilize lotus root slag the like waste, obtain fungi polysaccharide, glossy ganoderma can be converted into soluble dietary fiber with the part insoluble diedairy fiber in the lotus root slag simultaneously, improves the lotus root dietary fiber quality.
Three, summary of the invention
Technical problem
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of solid-state fermentation preparation method of lotus root dietary fiber, the waste water pollution on the environment problem that produces when solving acid (alkali) method or Production by Enzymes dietary fiber, and loss of active ingredients problem such as soluble dietary fiber.The present invention with the rhizoma nelumbinis that produces in the lotus root goods process, lotus root skin, lotus root slag and etc. outer lotus root etc. be raw material, after the bent saccharification of Angel rice wine, add wheat bran as raising agent and additional magnesium sulfate, VB
1With growth factor such as ferrous sulfate, inoculation South Korean Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum HG) carries out solid state fermentation.Lotus root slag after the fermentation is made lotus root dietary fiber through heat drying, extrusion and ultramicro grinding isoreactivity chemical industry preface.The dietary fiber that makes by this method had both contained lotus root fibre, was rich in the soluble dietary fiber that transforms in glossy ganoderma thalline fiber and GL-B and the sweat again, and product quality significantly improves.
Technical scheme
The step that solid state fermentation prepares the lotus root dregs diet fibre is as follows:
The saccharification of a, lotus root slag raw material:
The lotus root slag adds an amount of distilled water, sterilize, cool after, admix mass ratio and be 1.5%～2.0% Angel rice wine song, mixing is in 28～30 ℃ of saccharification rest 36h.
B, lucidum strain and activation thereof:
Bacterial classification: adopt South Korean Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum HG) as fermented bacterium (depositary institution: Chinese agriculture microorganism fungus kind preservation administrative center; Preserving number: ACCC50582).
Actication of culture: lucidum strain is deposited in potato dextrose agar (PDA) slant medium.PDA slant medium w/v is: potato 20%, glucose 2%, agar 2%, pH nature; Lucidum strain is in 4 ℃ of preservations, and switching in per 3 months once.During use, get the slant tube bacterial classification inoculation in the culture dish that potato dextrose agar is housed, behind 28～30 ℃ of cultivation 5～6d, use.
C, the female kind of liquid are cultivated:
The liquid mother culture media is the potato glucose fluid nutrient medium, the pH nature; Make even 4 of the mycelia butterflies that activated in the ware, mycelia dish diameter 1cm is inoculated in the 250ml triangular flask that fills the 50ml mother culture media, cultivates 5～6d under 28～30 ℃, 120rpm condition;
D, solid state fermentation:
Solid medium consists of lotus root slag 1kg, wheat bran 254g and 1.2L nutrient solution after the saccharification, and (nutrient solution consists of 0.089g/l MgSO
4, 0.033g/FeSO
4And 0.156g/lVB
1), form the preparation fermentation medium according to solid medium, 121 ℃ of sterilization 20min; Cooling back inoculation liquid is female plants, and inoculum concentration is 15%～20% (v/w) of culture medium weight, cultivates 7d under 28～30 ℃, the condition of dissolved oxygen amount (DO value) 2mg/l.
E, product manufacturing:
The lotus root dietary fiber that the glossy ganoderma solid state fermentation obtains adopts heat drying, extrusion, ultramicro grinding isoreactivity chemical industry preface, makes product.
The acquisition of lotus rhizome raw material comprises after rhizoma nelumbinis residual in the lotus rhizome goods process, lotus root skin and the oven dry of lotus root slag are pulverized crosses 60 mesh sieves, press 1: 1.5 amount of solid-liquid ratio and add distilled water, citric acid solution with mass volume ratio 4% is regulated pH value to 6.0,121 ℃ of sterilization 20min.
Beneficial effect
Compared with prior art, glossy ganoderma solid state fermentation production dietary fiber method of the present invention has the following advantages:
The accessory substance that produces when (1) selecting raw material for use for food processing, the lotus root slag contains abundant cellulose, is the good source of dietary fiber; Carbon source in the wheat bran, nitrogenous source proportioning are suitable, and the loose porous property of wheat bran of structure in the form of sheets, help the ventilation of culture medium, and be suitable to solid state fermentation matrix; Two kinds of equal wide material sources of raw material, cheap;
(2) select for use the glossy ganoderma solid state fermentation to produce dietary fiber, do not destroy the structure of dietary fiber, keep the physiological function of dietary fiber; Glossy ganoderma is converted into soluble dietary fiber with part insoluble diedairy fiber in the lotus root slag in the sweat; Simultaneously, the fungi polysaccharide that the glossy ganoderma solid state fermentation generates belongs to soluble dietary fiber, has improved the physiological function of gained dietary fiber;
(3) production technology is simple, and is workable, is applicable to the suitability for industrialized production of dietary fiber.
Four, description of drawings
Wheat bran and FeSO in the experiment of Figure 1B ox-Behnken response surface
4Reciprocation to the influence of SDF output
Wheat bran and VB in the experiment of Fig. 2 Box-Behnken response surface
1Reciprocation to the influence of SDF output
Five, the specific embodiment
1, the fermented and cultured based raw material is handled
Solid state fermentation matrix preparation technology: lotus root slag → drying → pulverizing → mistake 60 mesh sieves → by certain solid-liquid ratio adding distil water → adjusting pH to 6.0 → 121 ℃ sterilization 20min.
Technology point: with rhizoma nelumbinis residual in the lotus rhizome goods process, lotus root skin, lotus root slag etc. is raw material, oven dry was after pulverized 60 mesh sieves, pressing 1: 1.5 amount of solid-liquid ratio and add distilled water, is that 4% citric acid solution is regulated pH value to 6.0,121 ℃ of 20min that sterilize with volume ratio.
2, the saccharification of solid medium matter
It is 1.5%～2% Angel rice wine song that solid state fermentation matrix after above-mentioned sterilization cooled is admixed mass ratio, behind the mixing, in 28 ℃～30 ℃ saccharification rest 36h.
3, the optimization of solid medium
With lotus root slag after the saccharification is primary raw material, adopts Plackett-Burman (PB) experimental design (seeing Table 1) method, to the factor (wheat bran, dregs of beans, rice bran, the KH that influences growth of microorganism
2PO
4, MgSO
4, CaCl
2, FeSO
4And VB
1) screen, to determine the factor of appreciable impact soluble dietary fiber (SDF) output.By to PB interpretation wheat bran, MgSO as can be known
4, FeSO
4And VB
1Remarkable to the SDF yield effect.
Then the concentration of these 4 kinds of factors is carried out Box-Behnken (seeing Table 2) response surface optimum experimental.Utilization Design-expert software carries out data analysis, has set up wheat bran (A), MgSO
4(B), FeSO
4(C) and VB
1The regression model of concentration (D) and SDF output:
SDF＝-1.195-10.000AC-3.000AD-0.126A
2-119.815B
2-1026.620C
2
In the model, wheat bran and FeSO
4And wheat bran and VB
1It is that 254g/kg lotus root slag, nutrient solution consist of 0.087g/lMgSO that significant interaction, model optimization obtain the wheat bran addition
4, 0.033g/l FeSO
4And VB
10.156g/l it is 11.3g/100g that optimization obtains soluble dietary fiber output.
4, inoculum concentration and condition of culture
Inoculum concentration and condition of culture are: with above-mentioned optimized medium sterilization after, inoculation glossy ganoderma seed liquor is (available from Chinese agriculture microorganism fungus kind preservation administrative center; Preserving number: ACCC50582), dissolved oxygen amount DO is 2mg/l in the control sweat, cultivates 7d in 28～30 ℃.
5, product manufacturing
The lotus root dregs diet fibre that the glossy ganoderma solid state fermentation obtains adopts heat drying, extrusion, ultramicro grinding isoreactivity chemical industry preface, makes product.
In the lotus root dietary fiber that the present invention obtains, the output of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) is 10～12g/100g.
Content of the present invention further specifies by embodiment:
Embodiment 1
Selecting the lotus root slag that produces in the goods process such as lotus rhizome powder or lotus root juice beverage for use is primary raw material, drying, pulverizer are pulverized the back and are crossed 60 mesh sieves, add distilled water according to 1: 1.5 solid-liquid ratio, 121 ℃ of sterilization 20min, admix 1.5% Angel rice wine song after cooling, in 28～30 ℃ of saccharification 36h, as solid medium matter.Get South Korean Ganoderma (Ganodermalucidum HG) preservation bacterial classification inoculation in the culture dish that activation medium is a potato potato culture medium is housed, behind 28～30 ℃ of cultivation 5～6d, with aseptic card punch cut-off on culture dish directly is 4 of 1cm mycelia butterflies, be inoculated in the 250ml triangular flask that fills the 50ml mother culture media, under 28～30 ℃, the condition of 120rpm, cultivated 5～6 days, obtain female the kind; Mother culture media be potato potato fluid nutrient medium (reference: open pine. edible mycology, publishing house of East China University of Science, 2000:42-43), the pH nature.
Solid medium consists of lotus root slag 1kg after the saccharification, and (nutrient solution consists of 0.087g/lMgSO for wheat bran 254g and 1.2L nutrient solution
4, 0.033g/lFeSO
4And 0.156g/lVB
1), 121 ℃ of sterilization 20min after cooling, press raw material weight 15% (v/w) and inoculate seed liquor, cultivate 7d under 28～30 ℃, the condition of dissolved oxygen amount (DO value) 2mg/l.
Lotus root dietary fiber adopts known heat drying, extrusion and ultramicro grinding isoreactivity chemical industry preface, makes.Insoluble diedairy fiber output is 51.7g/100g in the product, and soluble dietary fiber output is 11.3g/100g.
Embodiment 2
The raw material of pressing among the embodiment 1 is handled and sterilizing methods, admixes 2% Angel rice wine song after cooling, in 28～30 ℃ of saccharification 36h, as solid medium matter.
Female kind cultural method and fermentation medium are formed with embodiment 1, according to 20% inoculation seed liquor of raw material weight, cultivate 7d for 28～30 ℃.
Lotus root dietary fiber adopts known heat drying, extrusion and ultramicro grinding isoreactivity chemical industry preface, makes.Insoluble diedairy fiber output is 50.2g/100g in the product, and soluble dietary fiber output is 12.0g/100g.
Embodiment 3
The raw material of pressing among the embodiment 1 is handled and sterilizing methods, admixes 1.8% Angel rice wine song after cooling, in 28～30 ℃ of saccharification 36h, as solid medium matter.
Female kind cultural method and fermentation medium are formed with embodiment 1, according to 18% inoculation seed liquor of raw material weight, cultivate 7d for 28～30 ℃.
Lotus root dietary fiber adopts known heat drying, extrusion and ultramicro grinding isoreactivity chemical industry preface, makes.Insoluble diedairy fiber output is 50.5g/100g in the product, and soluble dietary fiber output is 11.4g/100g.
Table 1Plackett-Burman experimental design and determination data
Table 2Box-Behnken response surface experimental design and dietary fiber content measurement result
Table 3Box-Behnken confirmatory experiment result
Claims (2)
1. the solid-state fermentation preparation method of a lotus root dietary fiber, be to be the solid state fermentation bacterial strain with South Korean Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum HG), with the lotus root slag is primary raw material, add wheat bran and carry out solid-state biofermentation as raising agent, make the lotus root dietary fiber product, it is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
The saccharification of a, lotus root slag raw material:
The lotus root slag adds an amount of distilled water, sterilize, cool after, admix mass ratio and be 1.5%～2.0% Angel rice wine song, mixing in 28～30 ℃ of saccharification rest 36h, obtains the lotus root slag of saccharification;
B, lucidum strain activation:
Get glossy ganoderma preservation bacterial classification inoculation in the culture dish that activation medium is a potato dextrose agar is housed, behind 28～30 ℃ of cultivation 5～6d, use;
C, the female kind of liquid are cultivated:
Make even 4 of the mycelia butterflies that activated in the ware, its diameter is 1cm, is inoculated in the 250ml triangular flask that fills 50ml liquid mother culture media, the liquid mother culture media is the potato glucose fluid nutrient medium, the pH nature; Under 28～30 ℃, 120rpm condition, cultivate 5～6d, make that liquid is female plants;
D, solid state fermentation:
Inoculation liquid mother plants to solid-state fermentation culture medium, and solid-state fermentation culture medium consists of: lotus root slag 1kg, wheat bran 254g and the 1.2L nutrient solution of saccharification, wherein nutrient solution consists of 0.089g/l MgSO
4, 0.033g/l FeSO
4With 0.156g/l VB
1The inoculum concentration volume is 15%～20% of a culture medium weight, in 28～30 ℃, dissolved oxygen amount DO value is to cultivate 7 days under the condition of 2mg/l;
E, product manufacturing:
Adopt heat drying, extrusion, ultramicro grinding activate operation, make the lotus root dietary fiber product that the glossy ganoderma solid state fermentation obtains.
2. the product that obtains of the solid-state fermentation preparation method of a kind of lotus root dietary fiber according to claim 1.
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| CN103445187B (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2015-01-07 | 华中农业大学 | Preparation method of soluble dietary fiber prepared from lotus rhizome nodes |
| CN104431771B (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2018-03-27 | 天津科技大学 | The method that a kind of high dietary-fiber noodles and complete utilization wheat bran and wheat-middlings make high dietary-fiber noodles |
| CN106136249A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-23 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of fermentation method produces the method for Semen sojae atricolor water soluble dietary fiber |
| CN106893679A (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2017-06-27 | 江苏中祥高科技实业有限公司 | A kind of production method of rich iron ganoderma lucidum mycelium |
| CN108208795A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-29 | 娲绘臣 | A kind of method using edible and medical fungi fermentation lotus root slag production functional food |
| CN111449249A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-07-28 | 山西金科海生物制品有限公司 | Preparation method of sea-buckthorn insoluble dietary fiber |
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| CN1533712A (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2004-10-06 | 郎妙才 | Plant fiber functional food |
| CN1602734A (en) * | 2004-02-27 | 2005-04-06 | 华中科技大学 | Microbial technology deep process method for tuber preliminary working leftover |
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