CN101508058A - Galvanized steel sheet lap-over laser welding method - Google Patents
Galvanized steel sheet lap-over laser welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101508058A CN101508058A CN 200910061094 CN200910061094A CN101508058A CN 101508058 A CN101508058 A CN 101508058A CN 200910061094 CN200910061094 CN 200910061094 CN 200910061094 A CN200910061094 A CN 200910061094A CN 101508058 A CN101508058 A CN 101508058A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laser welding method for lapping galvanized steel sheets, which comprises: placing a Al-Sn alloy foil containing 35 to 45 weight percent of Sn between faying surfaces of the steel sheets; and utilizing two laser beams of which the power is respectively from 2 to 3KW and from 3 to 4KW to weld welding seams, wherein the space of the laser beams is between 20 and 50mm and the welding speed is between 4 and 8m/min. The method has low production cost and stable welding quality; and the strength of the obtained welding seams is greater than that of base metal, no welding spatter exists on the surface, and the corrosion resistance of the welding seams is more than three times higher than that of by a sweeping-out method. The method can be used for laser welding of lapped welding seams of DP series, TRIP series and HSLA series hot galvanized steel sheets, and realizes high efficiency, low pollution and low waste material of welding production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to welding technology field, relate to a kind of high strength zinc coated sheet laser lap welder skill.Be specially adapted to high strength zinc coated sheet laser lap welding structure, as the weldering of body of a motor car dress, the weldering of household appliances shell dress and other require the laser weld of corrosion-resistant zinc-plated structure.
Background technology
Along with the application of high strength galvanized steel plate in auto industry, resistance welded technology commonly used will cause the initial failure of electrode and the instability of point quality, and present like this America and Europe, most of auto manufacturings have used CO
2Laser and Nd:YAG laser welding technology have replaced electric resistance welding.But, because bridging arrangement easily causes zinc to evaporate in a large number from two plate binding faces, producing the surface splashes and weld porosity and misrun, make the weldment surface quality poor, the joint mechanical performance fluctuation is big, force some enterprises to have to change bridging arrangement into butt joint, cause comprehensive renewal of technologies such as mould and frock clamp thus, production cost is increased considerably.This strategy mostly is newly-built manufactory and adopts.Because the high precision of matching requirements of sheet metal docking laser weld seam, some automobile manufacturing enterprises still adopt bridging arrangement, and the zinc coat with binding face before weldering strikes off with cutter, though prevented from like this to splash, but cause corrosion resistance to descend, and then reduced service life.
The spelter coating of steel plate binding face will seethe with excitement and produce several atmospheric steam pressures when the melting temperature of steel, therefore, if this steam is to be trapped between the steel plate of jig clamping, it can cause periodically splash of liquid metal by welding pool or perforation ejection.The instability of consequent welding process and weld porosity and misrun problem be common the existence when laser lap welds each serial galvanized steel plain sheet.
For zinc fume can be overflowed from two plate binding faces, the someone studies and allows the gap of staying a 0.1-0.2mm between two plates, provides a zinc fume passage to solve the problem of splashing.But during sheet material thickness 0.5-2 millimeter, be difficult to guarantee the uniformity in gap, thin plate can produce wave transformation in welding process, more cannot say for sure to demonstrate,prove the uniformity in gap.So this method is not applied in high strength galvanized sheet metal laser weld.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of galvanized steel sheet lap-over laser welding method, this method can obtain high strength, the welding point of any surface finish and highly corrosion resistant.
Galvanized steel sheet lap-over laser welding method provided by the invention, its step comprises:
The 1st step was that 8-10mm, thickness are that the Al-Sn Alloy Foil of 0.02-0.03mm is placed between the overlap joint binding face of two block plates with width, and the mass percent of Sn is 35-45wt% in the Al-Sn Alloy Foil;
The overlap joint binding face of the 2nd step with two block plates is weld seam, utilize low power laser bundle and high-power laser beam that two block plates are welded together, wherein, the power of described low power laser bundle is 2-3KW, the power of high-power laser beam is 3-4KW, and the difference power of the two is 1-1.5KW; With the scanning direction is benchmark, and the low power laser bundle is positioned at the place ahead of high-power laser beam, and the spacing of the two is 20-50mm, and laser weld speed is 4-8m/min, and the spot diameter of laser beam is smaller or equal to 0.5mm.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following characteristics:
(1) the present invention can utilize by CO
2The ready-made technology such as double beams laser bonding machine that laser instrument or Nd:YAG laser instrument and two laser guns constitute are installed according to the requirement of the inventive method, just can realize welding.Therefore, the employed equipment of the inventive method is simple, and production cost is low, welding quality stable.
(2) weld strength that is obtained is greater than the intensity of parent metal, and the surface does not have and splashes, and it is high more than 3 times that weld seam corrosion resistance ratio scrapes method.
The inventive method is used the Al-Sn Alloy Foil, because of the Al-Sn alloy has good plasticity, as long as prevent segregation and crystal grain thinning when making ingot casting, just can make the Al-Sn Alloy Foil as making Al paper tinsel or Sn paper tinsel.Mainly be to make the 419 ℃ fusing points of its fusing point near Zn.Make the Al-Sn alloy can with the quick alloying of Zn coating.Because of the LASER HEATING very high speed, otherwise when the second bundle high-power laser beam arrives, the Zn of alloying will not produce evaporation equally and cause splashing and defective such as pore.
(3) the present invention can be used for laser weld DP series, the lap weld of the hot-dip galvanizing sheet steel of TRIP series and HSLA series, and realize the high efficiency that welding is produced, the low pollution and low waste material.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that interlayer aluminum alloy films placement location and double beams laser are arranged schematic diagram; Among the figure, 1 is alloy foil, and 2 is galvanized sheet metal, and 3 is high-power laser beam, and 4 is the low power laser bundle;
Fig. 2 is that the face of weld quality figure that utilizes the inventive method to obtain (uses CO
2Laser instrument);
Fig. 3 is that the metallographic structure figure that utilizes the cross section of the weld seam that the inventive method obtains (uses CO
2Laser instrument);
Fig. 4 is the face of weld quality figure (using the Nd-YAG laser instrument) that utilizes the inventive method to obtain;
Fig. 5 is the metallographic structure figure (using the Nd-YAG laser instrument) that utilizes the cross section of the weld seam that the inventive method obtains;
The specific embodiment
The method that laser galvanized steel sheet lap-over soldering method provided by the invention adopts chemical metallurgy to combine with Physical Metallurgy, at first utilize the low power laser bundle that the spelter coating at two plate binding face places is mixed with high boiling aluminium alloy (0.02-0.03mm film) and form high boiling Al-Zn-Fe-Sn alloy, immediately following thereafter be that the high-power laser beam heating realizes molten solder.Can obtain high strength, the welding point of any surface finish and highly corrosion resistant.It is low that the cost ratio scrapes zinc coat.
Sandwich material of the present invention contains the Alloy Foil of Sn for being matrix with Al, and wherein Sn content is 35-45wt%, and surplus is Al.The main effect of Sn is to reduce fusing point, and simultaneously in order to make the convenience of paper tinsel, he should not form intermetallic compound with Al, guarantees that the alloy that is obtained has high plasticity.The fusing point of this Al-Sn Alloy Foil is 450-500 ℃.
Adopt alloy foil sandwich material of the present invention under the low power laser effect, can form Zn-0.3Al-0.15Sn-0.05Fe alloy (atomic percentage) with spelter coating, its boiling point reaches more than 1600 ℃.Thereby prevented the evaporation of zinc effectively, for good condition has been created in the stable welding of follow-up high power laser light.
The computational methods of boiling point are:
BT＝0.3×2450+0.15×2200+0.05×3500+0.5×907＝1644℃
The configuration of high power laser light rifle is mainly according to the form of weld seam, but to guarantee and the low power laser rifle between distance be 20mm to 50mm, the also angle (10-30 that can tilt laser gun certain
0), when usually weldering speed was low, spacing can be little, and weld fast when high distance should transfer big.To guarantee that alloying process carries out fully.
When specifically implementing the inventive method, can be with industrial CO
2Laser instrument or Nd:YAG laser instrument are main body, adopt the laser gun of double beams laser bonding machine, also two laser gun configurations can be installed on two manipulators independently.The spacing of adjusting two laser guns is 20mm to 50mm.The rated output power of its laser instrument is 3KW and 4KW.
The laser beam of low-power (2-3KW) carries out Alloying Treatment earlier, makes the spelter coating of binding face change the Al-Zn-Fe-Sn alloy into.Boiling point is reached more than 1600 ℃.Produce the zinc boiling when preventing follow-up laser weld.Speed of welding is adjusted according to plate thickness, usually 4-8m/min.Weld followed by the laser beam with high power (3-4KW), make the welding pool degree of depth reach 1.5-2 veneer thickness doubly, speed of welding is adjusted according to plate thickness, and common 4-8m/min is so that obtain high-quality welded joint.
The Nd:YAG laser lap weldering of the two-sided hot-dip galvanizing sheet steel of embodiment 1 DP600
Plate thickness 1mm, double side zinc coating layer thickness 0.01mm.Amount of lap 10mm, the Al-Sn paper tinsel of employing 8mm width, the first bundle laser power is 2KW, the second bundle laser power is 3KW, focus diameter 0.5mm. speed of welding 4m/min. postwelding surface no splash (Fig. 2), weld seam pore-free and misrun (Fig. 3).The drawing of welding point unit length being cut load and reaching 650N/mm.
The CO of the two-sided hot-dip galvanizing sheet steel of embodiment 2 HSLA450
2The laser lap weldering
Plate thickness 1mm, double side zinc coating layer thickness 0.01mm.Amount of lap 8mm, the Al-Sn paper tinsel of employing 8mm width, the first bundle laser power is 3KW, the second bundle laser power is 4KW, focus diameter 0.5mm. speed of welding 7m/min. postwelding surface no splash (Fig. 4), weld seam pore-free and misrun (Fig. 5).The drawing of welding point unit length being cut load and reaching 480N/mm.
The manufacture method of employed Al-Sn Alloy Foil is as follows in the example 1 and 2:
With aluminium ingot in electrical crucible in 700-720 ℃ of fusing;
2. add the tin slab prepare, treat after the fusing evenly temperature reduced to 520-550 ℃ promptly pourable.
3. with the metal pattern cast, realize rapid solidification.
4. the ingot casting base is heated to 300-320 ℃, carries out jumping-up and pulling on forging hammer.
Al-(35-40) the wt%Sn alloy forging stock that is obtained is made Al-Sn Alloy Foil (thickness is 0.02-0.03mm) according to making the same method of aluminium foil, and its fusing point is 450-500 ℃.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention should not be confined to the disclosed content of this embodiment and accompanying drawing.So everyly do not break away from the equivalence of finishing under the spirit disclosed in this invention or revise, all fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of galvanized steel sheet lap-over laser welding method, its step comprises:
The 1st step was that 8-10mm, thickness are that the Al-Sn Alloy Foil of 0.02-0.03mm is placed between the overlap joint binding face of two block plates with width, and the mass percent of Sn is 35-45wt% in the Al-Sn Alloy Foil;
The overlap joint binding face of the 2nd step with two block plates is weld seam, utilize low power laser bundle and high-power laser beam that two block plates are welded together, wherein, the power of described low power laser bundle is 2-3KW, the power of high-power laser beam is 3-4KW, and the difference power of the two is 1-1.5KW; With the scanning direction is benchmark, and the low power laser bundle is positioned at the place ahead of high-power laser beam, and the spacing of the two is 20-50mm, and laser weld speed is 4-8m/min, and the spot diameter of laser beam is smaller or equal to 0.5mm.
2, galvanized steel sheet lap-over laser welding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the institutional method of described Al-Sn Alloy Foil is:
1. with aluminium ingot in crucible furnace after fusing, add tin slab, the mass percent of Sn is 35-45wt%, treats after the fusing evenly temperature to be reduced to 520-550 ℃;
2. with the metal pattern cast, make it be rapidly solidificated into the Al-Sn alloy ingot blank;
3. after the Al-Sn alloy ingot blank being heated to 300-350 ℃ again, carry out jumping-up and pulling, make its grain refinement, obtain Al-Sn alloy forging stock;
4. Al-Sn alloy forging stock is made the Al-Sn Alloy Foil.
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| CN 200910061094 CN101508058B (en) | 2009-03-09 | 2009-03-09 | Galvanized steel sheet lap-over laser welding method |
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| CN 200910061094 CN101508058B (en) | 2009-03-09 | 2009-03-09 | Galvanized steel sheet lap-over laser welding method |
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Cited By (15)
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| CN102233481A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-11-09 | 铃木株式会社 | Laser lap welding method for galvanized steel sheet |
| CN103008884A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-03 | 长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Laser lapping half penetration weld method |
| CN103056524A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-24 | 长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Laser overlapping half penetration welding method with non-oxidation non-penetration face |
| CN104125872A (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2014-10-29 | 斯甘索尼克咪有限公司 | Method for seam welding of end flange connections |
| CN104227239A (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2014-12-24 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Laser welding method for tailored band steel |
| CN104842056A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-08-19 | 唐山钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Narrow lap joint welding process for cold-rolled dual-phase steel strips |
| CN107138855A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-08 | 上海航天设备制造总厂 | A kind of method for laser welding of ultra-thin-wall medium carbon steel bridging arrangement |
| CN103974796B (en) * | 2011-10-06 | 2017-10-24 | 林肯环球股份有限公司 | Apparatus and method for the laser cleaning of covering material before welding |
| CN107921585A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2018-04-17 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Fire check in aluminium laser welding is reduced |
| CN110682015A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2020-01-14 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for improving appearance quality and performance of laser lap welding weld of galvanized plate |
| CN111001930A (en) * | 2018-10-04 | 2020-04-14 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Method and apparatus for laser welding |
| CN111069802A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2020-04-28 | 双叶产业株式会社 | Welding method |
| CN111215749A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-06-02 | 上海交通大学 | Double-beam laser tailor-welding method for hot-formed steel plate with Al-Si coating |
| CN111958109A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-11-20 | 上海交通大学 | Serial double-light-beam high-speed laser welding method, system and medium for galvanized double-phase steel plate |
| CN115401326A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-11-29 | 楚能新能源股份有限公司 | Bus bar composite laser welding method and bus bar composite laser welding equipment |
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| EP0248960A1 (en) * | 1986-06-03 | 1987-12-16 | Osaka Fuji Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Hydrogen producing material |
| EP1440761B1 (en) * | 1995-11-04 | 2010-08-18 | Volkswagen AG | Process for trimming a deep drawn sheet metal part |
| US6479168B2 (en) * | 2001-04-03 | 2002-11-12 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Alloy based laser welding |
| JP2003094184A (en) * | 2001-09-20 | 2003-04-02 | Nippon Steel Corp | Lap laser-beam welding method for galvanized steel sheet |
| JP2005059089A (en) * | 2003-08-20 | 2005-03-10 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Laser welding method of galvanized steel sheet |
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| CN102233481B (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2014-11-05 | 铃木株式会社 | Laser lap welding method for galvanized steel sheet |
| CN102233481A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-11-09 | 铃木株式会社 | Laser lap welding method for galvanized steel sheet |
| CN103974796B (en) * | 2011-10-06 | 2017-10-24 | 林肯环球股份有限公司 | Apparatus and method for the laser cleaning of covering material before welding |
| CN104125872B (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2016-04-13 | 斯甘索尼克咪有限公司 | Method for seam welding of end flange connections |
| CN104125872A (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2014-10-29 | 斯甘索尼克咪有限公司 | Method for seam welding of end flange connections |
| CN103008884A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-03 | 长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Laser lapping half penetration weld method |
| CN103056524A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-24 | 长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Laser overlapping half penetration welding method with non-oxidation non-penetration face |
| CN104227239A (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2014-12-24 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Laser welding method for tailored band steel |
| CN104227239B (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2016-04-27 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of band steel laser assembly solder connects method |
| CN107921585A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2018-04-17 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Fire check in aluminium laser welding is reduced |
| CN107921585B (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2019-10-22 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Fire check in aluminium laser welding is reduced |
| CN104842056A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-08-19 | 唐山钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Narrow lap joint welding process for cold-rolled dual-phase steel strips |
| CN107138855A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-08 | 上海航天设备制造总厂 | A kind of method for laser welding of ultra-thin-wall medium carbon steel bridging arrangement |
| CN111001930A (en) * | 2018-10-04 | 2020-04-14 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Method and apparatus for laser welding |
| CN111069802A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2020-04-28 | 双叶产业株式会社 | Welding method |
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| CN110682015A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2020-01-14 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for improving appearance quality and performance of laser lap welding weld of galvanized plate |
| CN111215749A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-06-02 | 上海交通大学 | Double-beam laser tailor-welding method for hot-formed steel plate with Al-Si coating |
| CN111958109A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-11-20 | 上海交通大学 | Serial double-light-beam high-speed laser welding method, system and medium for galvanized double-phase steel plate |
| CN111958109B (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2022-04-26 | 上海交通大学 | Serial double-light-beam high-speed laser welding method, system and medium for galvanized double-phase steel plate |
| CN115401326A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-11-29 | 楚能新能源股份有限公司 | Bus bar composite laser welding method and bus bar composite laser welding equipment |
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