CN101491206B - Nutrient solution replenishing and adjusting device and method - Google Patents
Nutrient solution replenishing and adjusting device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101491206B CN101491206B CN2009100802092A CN200910080209A CN101491206B CN 101491206 B CN101491206 B CN 101491206B CN 2009100802092 A CN2009100802092 A CN 2009100802092A CN 200910080209 A CN200910080209 A CN 200910080209A CN 101491206 B CN101491206 B CN 101491206B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nutrient solution supply and adjusting device in the field of soilless culture and a method thereof. The device comprises a water source, a water supply electromagnetic valve, an electronic water meter, a water supply pipeline, a liquid mixing pump, an EC sensor, a pH sensor, a liquid level sensor, a nutrient solution bath, a metering pump, a fertilizer supply electromagnetic valve, a mother liquor reservoir and a control device. Through the real-time monitoring of the nutrient solution reserves, the EC value and pH value variation, the device takes corresponding fertilizer, acid and water supply measures so as to realize the adjustment and supply of the nutrient solution during the soilless culture and ensure the normal supply of the nutrient solution. The method and the device have the advantages of simplicity, low cost, practicability, easy realization and good effects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the apparatus and method for that a kind of nutrient solution in the soilless culture field replenishes and adjusts, particularly a kind of based on nutrient solution electrical conductivity EC and acidity-basicity ph on-line monitoring, can carry out the apparatus and method for that replenishes and adjust in real time to nutrient solution.
Background technology
In the process of modern installations agricultural develop rapidly, the planting patterns of soilless culture is used more and more widely.At present, the facility cultivation of the U.S., the Japan and other countries nutrient solution cultivation technique without soil that becomes basically universal; European Union stipulates clearly that also enter 21 century, the horticultural crop of all European Union member countries will all be realized soilless culture.
No matter be vegetables or the soilless culture of flowers, the adjustment of nutrient solution and to replenish be the key technology of nutrient management, the supply of nutrient solution directly has influence on upgrowth situation and the health status of crop, thereby has influence on output and product quality.
In addition, the water planting in the soilless culture is with respect to substrate culture, and is high again to the requirement of nutrient management, because hydroponic plant is grown directly upon in the nutrient solution, lacked matrix this " cushion ".Therefore, in the hydroponics process, in real time nutrient solution is monitored and is regulated particularly important.
At present, replenish and adjust two kinds of extreme phenomenons of existence about nutrient solution: artificial and full-automatic.With Dutch PRIVA company and Israel ELDAR company is the full-automatic control technique of nutrient solution and the equipment of representative, the online detection of nutrient solution and control have in real time been realized fully, the stable in properties and the system that guarantee nutrient solution are reliable, but technical sophistication, apparatus expensive.And what extensively adopt in China's actual production at present is artificial the adjustment and the mode of extra-nutrition liquid: regularly or aperiodically detect nutrient solution with EC and pH meter, then artificial supplementation fertilizer or adjusting acid-base value; Nutrient solution in finding the nutrition liquid pool just goes to replenish when not enough.Such result is: be difficult to guarantee the stable in properties of nutrient solution and the reliability service of system.
Therefore, actual production press for that a kind of technology and equipment is simple, cheap, the nutrient solution adjustment of stable and reliable operation and compensation process and equipment.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at nutrient solution EC that owing to plant the continuous absorption and the utilization of nutrient in the nutrient solution is caused in the water planting process and the variation of pH, and the continuous minimizing of nutrient solution total amount, a kind of be applicable to nutrient solution adjustment and additional equipment and method in the substrate culture process are provided.
The equipment that described nutrient solution replenishes and adjusts, water supply electromagnetic valve 2 and electronic water meter 3 are installed between water source 1 and the nutrition liquid pool 9 by supply channel 4; Mixing liquid pump 5, EC sensor 6, pH sensor 7 and liquid level sensor 8 is installed in the nutrition liquid pool 9; Mother liquor tank 12 is installed in nutrition liquid pool 9 next doors, and measuring pump 10, the fertile magnetic valve 11 of confession are installed between mother liquor tank 12 and the nutrition liquid pool 9 by fertilizer supplying pipeline; Control appliance 13 is used for to water supply electromagnetic valve 2, electronic water meter 3, mixes liquid pump 5, EC sensor 6, pH sensor 7, liquid level sensor 8, measuring pump 10, carries out data monitoring, calculating and switching for fertile magnetic valve 11.
The method that described nutrient solution replenishes and adjusts, according to source quality and actual nutrient solution prescription, the fertilizer that adopts, by the real-time monitoring that the reserves of nutrient solution, EC value and pH value are changed, take corresponding supplementary fertilizer, mend acid, moisturizing measure, realize the additional and adjustment of nutrient solution in the soilless culture process, to guarantee the normal supply of nutrient solution.
The additional project of described method comprises the steps:
1) according to soilless culture requirements in water quality and the nutritional need of selecting plant for use are selected source quality, determined nutrient solution prescription earlier, and select fertilizer type for use according to prescription; With 100 times of mother liquors the actual water source of selecting is carried out burette test again, and adjust pH value, with the EC that obtains nutrient solution and pH value change curve with 100 times of mother liquor amounts of adding, acid solution amount with nitric acid or phosphoric acid;
2) after the fertilizer that step 1) is selected for use becomes nutrient solution by formulated, adding nutrition liquid pool 9 cultivates, carrying out along with cultivation, nutrient solution is constantly absorbed by plant, liquid level in the nutrition liquid pool 9 constantly descends, when liquid level drops to when highly being 0.4～0.6m, liquid level sensor 8 sends the instruction of moisturizing supplementary fertilizer;
3) control appliance 13 at first calculates nutrition liquid pool 9 required additional nutrient solution total amounts, the length and the width of nutrition liquid pool 9 are known, needing to replenish liquid level can calculate, and then according to the relation curve that step 1) is drawn, calculates mother liquor amount, the acid solution amount of required interpolation;
4) control system is opened the water supply electromagnetic valve on the feed pipe 2 to the nutrition liquid pool and is supplied water, electronic water meter 3 record outputs, simultaneously, start working for fertile magnetic valve 11 and measuring pump 10, mother liquor and acid solution are injected in the nutrition liquid pool 9, at this moment, the mixed liquid pump 5 in the nutrition liquid pool 9 is also started working, and mother liquor and acid solution and water are mixed;
5) after measuring pump 10 all injects nutrition liquid pool 9 with required mother liquor and acid solution, measuring pump 10 and close for fertile magnetic valve 11;
When 6) output that is metered into when electronic water meter reached required rate of water make-up, water supply electromagnetic valve 2 was closed, and stops moisturizing;
7) mix liquid pump 5 behind all closed electromagnetic valves, quit work behind the 30～50min that reruns, so far, the additional end of nutrient solution.
Wherein adjustment scheme is in step 7), after nutrient solution replenishes and finishes, the EC and the pH of the EC sensor 6 in the nutrition liquid pool 9 and 7 pairs of nutrient solutions of pH sensor begin to detect in real time, when EC departs from 2～3.5mS/cm or pH and departs from 5.8～6.2 value, sensor can send supplementary fertilizer, mend the acid instruction, then control appliance 13 calculates the residue nutrient solution total amount in the nutrition liquid pools 9, and obtain the mother liquor amount of required interpolation, the acid solution amount, and pass through water supply electromagnetic valve 2, electronic water meter 3, mix liquid pump 5, measuring pump 10, implement monitoring for fertile magnetic valve 11, regulation and control are to finish the adjustment of nutrient solution EC and pH value.
Described water source is a kind of in well water, running water, river, lake water, the rainwater; Described water quality is hard water or soft water.
Described nutrient solution prescription is a kind of in Huo Gelan-A Nong prescription, the rugged prescription in Japanese mountain, the Japanese garden examination prescription.
Described fertilizer mainly comprises potassium nitrate, potassium sulphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium nitrate, nitrate of lime, magnesium sulfate and chelated iron, copper sulphate, manganese sulphate, zinc sulphate, ammonium molybdate, six kinds of little fertilizer of boric acid.
Described nutrition liquid pool length is 2～15m, and width is 1～10m, and liquid level is 1～1.5m.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1) the present invention has carried out real-time detection to reserves, EC value and the pH value of nutrient solution in the water planting process, and has realized corresponding adjusting and control, has guaranteed that plant is to the normal demand of nutrient solution in the whole water planting process;
2) the external relatively relevant device of related hardware system is simple among the present invention, and cost is low, and effective, has the advantage inexpensive, that thing is beautiful, practical;
3) to whole monitoring, the adjustment process of nutrient solution, all be automatic control, need not loaded down with trivial details manual operation, saved the labour widely.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the equipment composition diagram;
Fig. 2 is EC value and the relation curve that adds the mother liquor amount;
Fig. 3 is pH value and the relation curve that adds the nitric acid amount.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, present device mainly is made up of water source 1, water supply electromagnetic valve 2, electronic water meter 3, supply channel 4, mixed liquid pump 5, EC sensor 6, pH sensor 7, liquid level sensor 8, nutrition liquid pool 9, measuring pump 10, the fertile magnetic valve 11 of confession, mother liquor tank 12, control appliance 13.Water supply electromagnetic valve 2 and electronic water meter 3 are installed between water source 1 and the nutrition liquid pool 9 by supply channel 4, realize that by the opening of water supply electromagnetic valve 2, closing motion toward the water supply of nutrition liquid pool 9 whether 3 pairs of water yields that flow through of electronic water meter are measured simultaneously; Mixing liquid pump 5, EC sensor 6, pH sensor 7 and liquid level sensor 8 is installed in the nutrition liquid pool 9, open and mix liquid pump 5, can realize that convection current goes into the mixing of various fertilizer of nutrition liquid pool 9, EC sensor 6, pH sensor 7 are used for monitoring the EC of nutrient solution in the nutrition liquid pool 9 and the dynamic change of pH value, and liquid level sensor 8 is used for monitoring the dynamic change of nutrient solution liquid level in the nutrition liquid pool 9; Mother liquor tank 12 is installed in nutrition liquid pool 9 next doors, and measuring pump 10, the fertile magnetic valve 11 of confession are installed between mother liquor tank 12 and the nutrition liquid pool 9 by fertilizer supplying pipeline, opens measuring pump 10 and for fertile magnetic valve 11, quantitative mother liquor can be supplied with nutrition liquid pool 9; Control appliance 13 is used for to water supply electromagnetic valve 2, electronic water meter 3, mixes liquid pump 5, EC sensor 6, pH sensor 7, liquid level sensor 8, measuring pump 10, carries out data monitoring, calculating and switching for fertile magnetic valve 11 equipment.
Below just once concrete mill water culture nutrient solution replenish, adjustment process, the present invention is further elaborated.
In special vegetable base, Xiao Tang mountain, ChangPing, Beijing City district, carry out in the nutrient fluid cultivation process of cherry and tomato, according to source quality and actual nutrient solution prescription, the fertilizer type that adopts, as follows to the additional project example of nutrient solution:
1) earlier according to soilless culture to requirements in water quality and cherry and tomato demand to various nutritive elements, select special vegetable base, Xiao Tang mountain, ChangPing, Beijing City district running water, determine that nutrient solution prescription is Huo Gelan-A Nong (nitrate of lime 710 gram/tons of filling a prescription, potassium nitrate 405 gram/tons, potassium sulphate 260 gram/tons, ammonium nitrate 40 gram/tons, magnesium sulfate 150 gram/tons, 200 milliliters/ton of phosphoric acid, chelated iron 16 gram/tons, boric acid 3 gram/tons, manganese sulphate 2 gram/tons, zinc sulphate 0.22 gram/ton, copper sulphate 0.08 gram/ton, ammonium molybdate 0.5 gram/ton), and according to prescription select fertilizer type for use; With 100 times of mother liquors the actual water source of selecting is carried out burette test again, and adjust the pH value with nitric acid or phosphoric acid, with the EC that obtains nutrient solution and pH value with the change curve that adds 100 times of mother liquor amounts, acid solution amount, wherein Fig. 2 is according to Huo Gelan-A Nong prescription, the relation curve between the EC value of special vegetable base, Xiao Tang mountain, ChangPing, Beijing City district running water and 100 times of mother liquors of adding: y=-0.0071x+7.6772 (R
2=0.9444); Fig. 3 is according to Huo Gelan-A Nong prescription, the relation curve between the pH value of special vegetable base, Xiao Tang mountain, ChangPing, Beijing City district running water and 100 times of nitric acid of adding: y=0.1758x+0.0923 (R
2=0.9952);
2) after the fertilizer that step 1) is selected for use becomes nutrient solution by formulated, adding nutrition liquid pool 9 cultivates, carrying out along with cultivation, nutrient solution is constantly absorbed by cherry and tomato, liquid level in the nutrition liquid pool 9 constantly descends, cultivate after 25 days, when liquid level dropped to the minimum altitude 0.5m of setting, liquid level sensor 8 sent moisturizing, supplementary fertilizer instruction;
3) control appliance 13 at first calculates required additional nutrient solution total amount in the nutrition liquid pool 9, and then according to " relation curves between EC, pH value and 100 times of mother liquors of adding " that step 1) is drawn, calculates mother liquor amount, the acid solution amount of required interpolation.Nutrition liquid pool length is 3m, and width is 1.2m, the liquid level in the nutrition liquid pool need be added to 1.2m by 0.5m, and so the nutrient solution of Bu Chonging is exactly 2.52m
3, running water EC is 0.9mS/cm, and it is 2.5mS/cm that nutrient solution requires EC, and according to Fig. 2, needing to replenish mother liquor is 2.52 * (2.5-0.9)/0.1758=22.9L; Running water pH is 7.2, and it is 6.0 that nutrient solution requires pH, and according to Fig. 3, needing to replenish nitric acid liquid is 2.52 * (6.0-7.2)/(0.0071)=0.43L;
4) control system is opened the water supply electromagnetic valve on the feed pipe 2 to the nutrition liquid pool and is supplied water, electronic water meter 3 record outputs, simultaneously, start working for fertile magnetic valve 11 and measuring pump 10, mother liquor and acid solution are injected in the nutrition liquid pool 9, at this moment, the mixed liquid pump 5 in the nutrition liquid pool 9 is also started working, and mother liquor and acid solution and water are mixed;
5) after measuring pump 10 all injects nutrition liquid pool 9 with required mother liquor and acid solution, measuring pump 10 and close for fertile magnetic valve 11;
When 6) output that is metered into when electronic water meter reached required rate of water make-up, water supply electromagnetic valve 2 was closed, and stops moisturizing;
7) mix liquid pump 5 behind all closed electromagnetic valves, quit work behind the 50min that reruns, so far, the additional end of nutrient solution.
In special vegetable base, Xiao Tang mountain, ChangPing, Beijing City district, carry out in nutrient fluid cultivation (nutrient solution prescription is Huo Gelan---the A Nong prescription) process of cherry and tomato, according to source quality and actual nutrient solution prescription, the fertilizer type that adopts, as follows to the adjustment scheme case of nutrient solution:
1) step is with embodiment 1;
2) after the different fertilizer that step 1) is selected for use becomes nutrient solution by formulated, adding 9 pairs of cherry and tomatos of nutrition liquid pool cultivates, EC sensor in the nutrition liquid pool 9 and pH sensor detect in real time to the EC and the pH of nutrient solution, when EC departed from 2～3.5mS/cm or pH and departs from 5.8～6.2 value, sensor can send supplementary fertilizer, mend the acid instruction;
3) control appliance 13 at first calculates remaining nutrient solution total amount in the nutrition liquid pool 9, the length and width of nutrition liquid pool 9 are known, replenishing liquid level according to need can calculate, and then the relation curve of drawing according to step 1, calculate mother liquor amount, the acid solution amount of required interpolation, nutrition liquid pool length is 3m, and width is 1.2m, liquid level in the nutrition this moment liquid pool is 1m, and the nutrient solution total amount is exactly 3.6m so
3Nutrient solution EC in the existing nutrition liquid pool is 2.0mS/cm, and requiring EC is 2.5mS/cm, and according to Fig. 2, needing to replenish mother liquor is 3.6 * (2.5-2.0)/0.1758=10.24L; The pH of nutrient solution is 6.8 now, and requiring pH is 6.0, and according to Fig. 3, needing to replenish nitric acid is 3.6 * (6.0-6.8)/(0.0071)=0.4L;
4) control system control is started working for fertile magnetic valve 11 and measuring pump 10, and mother liquor and acid solution are injected in the nutrition liquid pool 9, and at this moment, the mixed liquid pump 5 in the nutrition liquid pool 9 is also started working, and the original nutrient solution in mother liquor, acid solution and the nutrition liquid pool 9 is mixed;
5) after measuring pump 10 all injects nutrition liquid pool 9 with required mother liquor and acid solution, measuring pump 10 and close for fertile magnetic valve 11;
6) mix liquid pump 5 behind all closed electromagnetic valves, quit work behind the 30min that reruns.So far, the EC of nutrient solution and pH adjustment process finish.
Claims (5)
1. the nutrient solution method of replenishing and adjusting, by the real-time monitoring that the reserves of nutrient solution, EC value and pH value are changed, take corresponding supplementary fertilizer, mend acid, moisturizing measure, realize the additional and adjustment of nutrient solution in the soilless culture process, to guarantee the normal supply of nutrient solution, it is characterized in that the additional project of described method comprises the steps:
1) according to soilless culture requirements in water quality and the nutritional need of selecting plant for use are selected source quality, determined nutrient solution prescription earlier, and select fertilizer type for use according to prescription; With 100 times of mother liquors the actual water source of selecting is carried out burette test again, and adjust pH value, with the EC that obtains nutrient solution and pH value change curve with 100 times of mother liquor amounts of adding, acid solution amount with nitric acid or phosphoric acid;
2) after the fertilizer that step 1) is selected for use becomes nutrient solution by formulated, adding nutrition liquid pool (9) cultivates, carrying out along with cultivation, nutrient solution is constantly absorbed by plant, liquid level in the nutrition liquid pool (9) constantly descends, when liquid level drops to when highly being 0.4～0.6m, liquid level sensor (8) sends the instruction of moisturizing supplementary fertilizer;
3) control appliance (13) at first calculates the required additional nutrient solution total amount of nutrition liquid pool (9), the length and the width of nutrition liquid pool (9) are known, needing to replenish liquid level can calculate, and then according to the change curve that step 1) is drawn, calculates mother liquor amount, the acid solution amount of required interpolation;
4) control appliance (13) is opened the water supply electromagnetic valve on the feed pipe (2) to the nutrition liquid pool and is supplied water, electronic water meter (3) record output, simultaneously, start working for fertile magnetic valve (11) and measuring pump (10), mother liquor and acid solution are injected in the nutrition liquid pool (9), at this moment, the mixed liquid pump (5) in the nutrition liquid pool (9) is also started working, and mother liquor and acid solution and water are mixed;
5) after measuring pump (10) all injects nutrition liquid pool (9) with required mother liquor and acid solution, measuring pump (10) and close for fertile magnetic valve (11);
When 6) output that is metered into when electronic water meter reached required rate of water make-up, water supply electromagnetic valve (2) was closed, and stops moisturizing;
7) mix liquid pump (5) behind all closed electromagnetic valves, quit work behind the 30～50min that reruns, so far, the additional end of nutrient solution;
The adjustment scheme of described method is after the step 7) nutrient solution of additional project replenishes end, EC sensor (6) in the nutrition liquid pool (9) and pH sensor (7) begin to detect in real time to the EC and the pH of nutrient solution, when EC departs from 2～3.5mS/cm or pH and departs from 5.8～6.2 value, sensor can send supplementary fertilizer, mend the acid instruction, then control appliance (13) calculates the residue nutrient solution total amount in the nutrition liquid pool (9), and then according to the EC by the resulting nutrient solution of burette test and pH value with 100 times of mother liquor amounts of adding, the change curve of acid solution amount, calculate the mother liquor amount of required interpolation in the nutrition liquid pool, the acid solution amount, and pass through water supply electromagnetic valve (2), electronic water meter (3), mix liquid pump (5), measuring pump (10), implement monitoring for fertile magnetic valve (11), regulation and control are to finish the adjustment of nutrient solution EC and pH value.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described water source is a kind of in well water, running water, river, lake water, the rainwater; Described water quality is hard water or soft water.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described nutrient solution prescription is a kind of in Huo Gelan-A Nong prescription, the rugged prescription in Japanese mountain, the Japanese garden examination prescription.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described fertilizer mainly comprises potassium nitrate, potassium sulphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium nitrate, nitrate of lime, magnesium sulfate and chelated iron, copper sulphate, manganese sulphate, zinc sulphate, ammonium molybdate, six kinds of little fertilizer of boric acid.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described nutrition liquid pool length is 2～15m, and width is 1～10m, and liquid level is 1～1.5m.
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| CN2009100802092A CN101491206B (en) | 2009-03-13 | 2009-03-13 | Nutrient solution replenishing and adjusting device and method |
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| CN2009100802092A CN101491206B (en) | 2009-03-13 | 2009-03-13 | Nutrient solution replenishing and adjusting device and method |
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| CN101491206A CN101491206A (en) | 2009-07-29 |
| CN101491206B true CN101491206B (en) | 2010-10-20 |
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- 2009-03-13 CN CN2009100802092A patent/CN101491206B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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