CN101477094A - Experimental device for restraining gas and dust explosion by water mist - Google Patents
Experimental device for restraining gas and dust explosion by water mist Download PDFInfo
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- CN101477094A CN101477094A CNA2008102462300A CN200810246230A CN101477094A CN 101477094 A CN101477094 A CN 101477094A CN A2008102462300 A CNA2008102462300 A CN A2008102462300A CN 200810246230 A CN200810246230 A CN 200810246230A CN 101477094 A CN101477094 A CN 101477094A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device adopting fine water mist to suppress gas and dust explosion. The experimental device is characterized in that a pressure-resisting airtight burner of the device is provided with a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and an ignition device inside; the wall of the burner is provided with a transparent observation window and a pressure release hole pasted with an explosion-proof piece; the top of the burner is connected with a vacuum pump through a gas suction pipe with a valve; a flange base on the bottom of the burner is provided with a gas inlet pipe protruding inwards; a hollow hemispherical cover body with the spherical top protruding inwards is fixed above a nozzle of the gas inlet pipe; the flange base encircling the bottom of the outer wall of the gas inlet pipe is provided with an annular groove inside; the gas inlet pipe is respectively connected with a gas storage tank through a valve via an adjusting valve and an ultrasonic atomizer through a fine water mist inlet pipe, and is also communicated with the atmospheric environment; and dust inside the bottom flange groove is raised and suspended in the burner by means of inlet pressure. The experimental device can carry out explosion suppression experiment of gas, dust or gas-dust composite explosion and research on flame spreading rule and microstructure.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to safe and scientific and the engineering experiment equipment technical field, particularly adopt thin water smoke to suppress the experimental provision of gas and dust explosion and the two mixed explosion.
Background technology
Again and again the life that takes place frequently of gas and dust explosion accident, especially gas or coal dust accident, feasible research about gas and dust explosion is more and more, and the research explosion phenomenon needs corresponding experimental provision." China's safety in production science and technology " magazine (2008,4 (1), the 108-111 page or leaf) Hartmann (Harttman) dust explosion pipe and 20 liters of mechanism and the phenomenons that ball-type blast proving installation comes learning gas or dust explosion that adopt 1.2 liters of volumes have been introduced, but, can't be used for the inhibition of blast is studied because it does not have datonation-inhibition structure.Northcentral University's master thesis (20060228) " duct type inflammable gas-dust explosion design of test " has been introduced a kind of blast research device that simple gas or dust explosion also can be done fuel gas and dust mixed explosion of both can having done, but also only limit to study explosion phenomenon and do not have datonation-inhibition measure, and this device is a steel, can't monitor the phenomenon that the inside takes place at any time.Take default a plurality of vacuum cavity devices in tunnel that restricted clearance combustible explosion danger exists or body of wall in Chinese patent application 200710020127.x the method and the device of detonation propagation " suppress combustible ", it seals the space in the face of blasting, sealing part is provided with the plane of weakness plate that influenced by ambient pressure variations, and the inside surface of vacuum cavity is laid with inhales the ripple absorbing energy layer; In a single day the vacuum cavity that is preset in the explosion scene receives explosion wave, the plane of weakness plate of vacuum cavity is cracked at once, the expanding gas that produces exploding, explosion wave, explosive flame etc. suck in the vacuum cavity, can absorb expanding gas and explosion energy that blast produces in a large number.But thereby the vacuum cavity device is pressure and the energy that just absorbs explosion gas and explosion energy reduction explosion gas after blast takes place, and the destruction of avoiding exploding and causing can not fundamentally be suppressed the generation of exploding.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of experimental provision that adopts thin water smoke to suppress gas and dust explosion, suppress the mechanism and the rule of dust, gas burst and develop the datonation-inhibition technology of thin water smoke condition guarantee is provided for studying thin water smoke.
The present invention adopts thin water smoke to suppress the experimental provision of gas and dust explosion, its pressure-tight burner wall is provided with the transparent observing window and overlays the relief hole of burst disk, be provided with temperature sensor, pressure transducer and portfire in the burner, the exhaust tube of burner top through having valve links to each other with vacuum pump; It is characterized in that: one section inwardly outstanding draft tube is arranged on the burner flange in the bottom base, and one in its lower end and the four-way connection leads to logical; The inwardly outstanding hollow hemisphere shape cover body in ball top is fixed in the top that faces this air inlet mouth of pipe, in flange base, be provided with toroidal cavity round draft tube outer wall bottom, described semisphere cover body is in relative up and down position with toroidal cavity, and the diameter of semisphere cover body is less than the external diameter of toroidal cavity; In all the other threeways of described four-way connection one are crossed valve and atmospheric environment all and are connected, and other two reduction of fractions to a common denominators do not link to each other with thin water smoke frog-entering pipe with gas inlet pipe by valve; The other end of described gas inlet pipe links to each other through the combustion gas storage tank of variable valve, and the other end of thin water smoke frog-entering pipe links to each other with the ultrasonic atomizatio instrument.
Described burner can be selected hollow ball, right cylinder or rectangular cylinder for use; Can be by the bright made of full impregnated, or leave the transparent observing window by the non-transparent material manufacturing.
The inwardly outstanding hollow hemisphere shape cover body in described ball top is fixed on the top apart from air inlet mouth of pipe 5-10mm place's air inlet mouth of pipe, can adopt and on the burner wall, fix a support that inwardly stretches out, perhaps mounting and fixing bracket on the base of burner flange in the bottom or draft tube outer wall, with the semisphere cover body be fixed on draft tube directly over.
During experiment, earlier dust is placed the groove of burner flange in the bottom base, check whether the burst disk that overlays on relief hole is intact, and whether each valve all closes; Open the valve of pump-line then, open vacuum pump, burner is extracted into required vacuum tightness after, close vacuum pump, and closed the valve of pump-line; Open the valve on gas inlet pipe and the thin water smoke frog-entering pipe, because the pressure of the outside of the pressure ratio in the burner is low, the thin water smoke that gas under action of pressure in the combustion gas storage tank and ultrasonic atomizatio instrument produce flows into the semisphere cover body through the draft tube of flange in the bottom base by gas inlet pipe and thin water smoke frog-entering pipe via four-way connection respectively again, owing to forming the eddy current that rushes at groove, stopping of semisphere cover body will place the dust of groove to kick up, because the diameter of semisphere cover body is less than the external diameter of groove, the dust cloud of formation suspends with eddy current and is distributed in the whole burner; Close the valve of gas inlet pipe and thin water smoke frog-entering pipe then, the starting ignition device is lighted a fire, and pressure transducer and temperature sensor show the pressure and temperature value in the combustion process respectively; When the pressure in the burner surpassed the withstand voltage of burst disk, the burst disk of relief hole was broken automatically, realized safety relief thereby burning gases discharge from relief hole.Since the flow size that in experimentation, can regulate thin water smoke and/or combustion gas and/or air at any time, the generation that can suppress to explode by the humidity and the modes such as adjusting combustion gas or oxygen concentration of increase dust.
Because the present invention adopts thin water smoke to suppress can place dust in advance in the experimental provision of gas and dust explosion the groove of the flange in the bottom base of burner, pressure when utilizing gas to enter burner is kicked up dust and is suspended in the burner, not only can do the datonation-inhibition experiment of single gas or dust explosion, also can do the datonation-inhibition experiment of the compound blast of gas/dust; Not only can measure the parameters such as bound of maximum pressure, maximum pressure climbing speed and the blast of the blast of datonation-inhibition front and back, also can study flame transmission rule and micromechanism thereof etc.
Experimental provision of the present invention adopts burner transparent or that the transparent observing window is arranged, helps experimental phenomena and process thereof are carried out optical observation.If the watch window at burner is provided with the high-speed camera instrument, then can take the experimental phenomena image according to the experiment needs.Adopt experimental provision of the present invention, can control limit experimental pressure in the burner by the burst disk of selecting, change different withstand voltages for use; If select pulse ignition device for use, then can regulate ignition energy according to the experiment needs;
Utilize experimental provision of the present invention, also can as required temperature sensor and the resulting signal of pressure transducer be transferred to computing machine through temperature data acquisition card and pressure data capture card respectively, Automatic Program through setting is calculated, draw the data and the figure of explosion pressure and temperature rate-of-rise, realize the automatic measuring and controlling and the demonstration of the pressure and temperature data of experimentation.
Compare with existing method and the device that suppresses the combustible detonation propagation, apparatus of the present invention can increase the humidity of dust and regulate the generation that modes such as combustion gas and/or oxygen concentration suppress to explode by the thin water smoke that the ultrasonic atomizatio instrument provides, overcome the method for existing inhibition combustible detonation propagation and device can't suppress and just take place in blast the back enlargement gas before the blast generation volume, reduced the shortcoming that explosion gas air pressure suppresses explosive damage; Compare with Hartmann's dust explosion pipe of existing 1.2 liters and 20 liters spherical tank and the simple research blast process of duct type inflammable gas-dust explosion test unit and the way of mechanism, feed the thin water smoke that produces by the ultrasonic atomizatio system because the present invention adopts at the burner of transparent material manufacturing or has in the burner of transparent observing window, overcome its shortcoming that can't monitor inner experimental phenomena in real time and explode and suppress; Adopt apparatus of the present invention can suppress the generation of exploding, can carry out the research of thin water smoke explosion suppression mechanism, for practical engineering application provide can be for reference data.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the spherical burner example structure synoptic diagram that the present invention adopts the datonation-inhibition test unit of thin water smoke.
Fig. 2 is the rectangular post burner example structure synoptic diagram that the present invention adopts the datonation-inhibition test unit of thin water smoke.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Present embodiment adopts spherical burner experimental provision that thin water smoke suppresses gas and dust explosion as shown in Figure 1: its burner 13 is made up of upper and lower two stainless steel hollow hemisphere body and function bolts and rubber sheet gasket fixing seal, wall top near hemisphere seam 14 is provided with transparent tempered glass watch window 19, and the burner top is provided with aspirating hole 15 and is connected through evacuating valve and vacuum pump S6; The wall of the below of close aspirating hole 15 is provided with relief hole 16, adopt nut 18 with holes that burst disk 17 sealings are attached on the bolt of relief hole, the realization safety relief in case superpressure, burst disk will be broken automatically, excessive and cause device to be damaged to avoid in the experiment pressure; Be built-in with pressure transducer S1 and temperature sensor S2 at burner, be equipped with portfire S3 near on the wall of flange in the bottom 9; Use bolt and rubber sheet gasket 8 sealing and fixing between the wall of burner 13 and the flange in the bottom 9; This flange in the bottom 9 is by female union 6 and 5 fixing connections of four-way connection, the other threeway of four-way connection 5, one crosses emptying ball valve 7 and atmospheric environment all is communicated with, stimulate the menstrual flow fuel gas ball valve 3 and gas inlet pipe 1 of all the other two one in logical is connected, and another stimulate the menstrual flow thin water smoke ball valve 4 and thin water smoke frog-entering pipe 2 are connected; Described gas inlet pipe 1 is connected with combustion gas storage tank S5 through variable valve 21 again, and thin water smoke frog-entering pipe 2 is connected with ultrasonic atomizatio instrument S4 again; There is inwardly outstanding draft tube 11 to be communicated with on the flange base of burner flange in the bottom 9 by female union 6 and four-way connection 5, the inwardly outstanding hollow hemisphere shape cover body 12 in one ball top is being arranged directly over air inlet mouth of pipe 5-10mm place, this semisphere cover body 12 by be fixed near the support 20 that inwardly stretches out on the burner inner wall of bottom be fixed on the air inlet mouth of pipe directly over from air inlet mouth of pipe 5-10mm place; Round draft tube 11 outer walls bottom one toroidal cavity 10 is arranged in flange base, described semisphere cover body 12 and this toroidal cavity are corresponding about in the of 10, and the diameter of semisphere cover body 12 is less than the external diameter of toroidal cavity 10.
Methane is adopted in combustion gas in the present embodiment, and dust adopts coal dust, and portfire adopts pulse igniter.
During experiment, earlier coal dust is placed the groove 10 of burner flange in the bottom base, two hollow hemisphere seam 14 usefulness the bolts up and down and the gasket seal of burner 13 are fixed again, whether the burst disk on the inspection relief hole 16 is intact, and whether each valve all closes; Open the evacuating valve between aspirating hole 15 and the vacuum pump S6 then, open vacuum pump S6, burner 13 is extracted into required vacuum tightness after, close vacuum pump S6, and closed the evacuating valve between aspirating hole 15 and the vacuum pump S6; Open fuel gas ball valve 3 that links to each other with methane draft tube 1 and the thin water smoke ball valve 4 that links to each other with thin water smoke frog-entering pipe 2, open the variable valve 21 on the methane storage tank S5 again, the thin water smoke that gas under action of pressure in the methane storage tank and ultrasonic atomizatio instrument S4 produce flows into semisphere cover body 12 through the draft tube 11 of flange in the bottom 9 bases by methane draft tube 1 and thin water smoke frog-entering pipe 2 again through four-way connection 5, because stopping of semisphere cover body 12 forms the eddy current that dashes down, the dust that is placed in the groove 10 is kicked up, because the diameter of semisphere cover body is less than the external diameter of groove, the dust cloud of formation suspends with eddy current and is distributed in the whole burner; When the flux of methane and thin water smoke reaches the numerical value of requirement of experiment, close the variable valve 21 on the methane storage tank, close fuel gas ball valve 3 and thin water smoke ball valve 4 again, opening the pressure of emptying ball valve 7 to burner consistent with environmental pressure is that the numerical value of pressure transducer is when no longer changing, close emptying ball valve 7, starting ignition device S3 lights a fire.Pressure transducer S1 and temperature sensor S2 show force value and the temperature value in the combustion process respectively.When the pressure of 13 li of burners surpassed the withstand voltage of burst disk 17, the burst disk on the relief hole 16 can be broken automatically, realized safety relief thereby burning gases discharge from relief hole.
Owing in experimentation, can regulate, add thin water smoke and/or methane and/or air at any time, just the generation that can suppress to explode by the modes such as concentration of the humidity that increases dust, the concentration of regulating methane, dilution oxygen.
The pulse igniter that adopts ignition energy to regulate in the 1-800mJ scope in the present embodiment, scalable is tested the pulse voltage of required igniting.
Embodiment 2:
Thin water smoke suppresses the structural representation of the rectangular post burner experimental provision of gas and dust explosion to Fig. 2 for present embodiment adopts, and a wall in this burner 13 is a stainless steel, and other three walls are transparent tempered glass.According to the combustion explosion theory, and consider the deposited phenomenon of dust under action of gravity, can be full of burner in order to make dust, can adopt the burner length-diameter ratio is 1:6, can calculate the equivalent size of the rectangular post burner of present embodiment according to this.
There is the aspirating hole 15 that is connected with vacuum pump S6 in the top flange S11 central authorities of burner 13, pipeline is provided with evacuating valve between aspirating hole 15 and the vacuum pump S6, adopt rubber sheet gasket to fix between the wall of top flange S11 and burner with bolt seal, stainless steel wall near top flange is provided with relief hole 16, with nut with holes 18 burst disk 17 is sealed on the relief hole 16.Flange in the bottom 9 is by logical fixing connection the in female union 6 and the four-way connection 5, the other threeway of four-way connection 5, one crosses emptying ball valve 7 and atmospheric environment all is communicated with, stimulate the menstrual flow fuel gas ball valve 3 and gas inlet pipe 1 of all the other two one in logical is connected, another thin water smoke ball valve 4 that stimulates the menstrual flow is connected with thin water smoke frog-entering pipe 2, described gas inlet pipe is connected with combustion gas storage tank S5 through variable valve 22 again, and thin water smoke frog-entering pipe 2 is connected with ultrasonic atomizatio instrument S4 again; The flange base of flange in the bottom 9 is provided with the inwardly outstanding draft tube 11 of the mouth of pipe, apart from the inwardly outstanding hollow hemisphere shape cover body 12 in ball top is arranged directly over this air inlet mouth of pipe 10mm place, by the support 22 that is fixed on draft tube 11 outer walls upper end semisphere cover body 12 is fixed on directly over the mouth of pipe of draft tube 11 apart from this air inlet mouth of pipe 10mm place; In the bottom round draft tube 11 outer walls one toroidal cavity 10 is arranged, described semisphere cover body 12 and this toroidal cavity are corresponding about in the of 10, and the diameter of semisphere cover body 12 is less than the external diameter of toroidal cavity 10.
Temperature sensor S7 adopts thermopair S2 in the present embodiment; And temperature sensor and pressure transducer be connected to computing machine through temperature data acquisition card and pressure data capture card respectively.What adopt in the present embodiment is the data collecting instrument that Beijing technical device company of neck nation produces, signal condition cabinet S15 (model: ESC-CH01-03), K type thermopair S2 (response time microsecond level, model: E12-1-K), 1.25M sampling rate data collecting card (model: PCI-6250), Dytran2300 pressure transducer S1; This 1.25M sampling rate data collecting card is divided into 2 pressure data capture card S7 and 4 temperature data acquisition card S8, and data collecting card is fixed in the signal condition cabinet S9 by groove; The hole that connects that connects hole and 8 temperature data acquisition cards that 2 pressure data capture cards are arranged on the tank wall of signal condition cabinet S9, a data capture card has two interfaces, the corresponding both positive and negative polarity of difference, the input termination that the output terminal of pressure transducer S1 and pressure data capture card S7 connect; The positive-negative output end of thermopair S2 is connected with the both positive and negative polarity input end of temperature data acquisition card S8 respectively, has PCI slot the connect hole corresponding with computing machine S10 to connect on the tank wall of signal condition cabinet S9.Described pressure transducer S1 and thermopair S2 are separately fixed on the stainless steel inwall in the burner 13.
Hydrogen is adopted in combustion gas in the present embodiment, and dust adopts aluminium powder, and portfire adopts ignition.
During experiment, earlier dust is placed the groove 10 of burner flange in the bottom base, again being in the same place with the rubber sheet gasket sealing and fixing with bolt between the flange base of flange in the bottom and the burner wall, check whether the burst disk on the relief hole 16 is intact, whether each valve all closes, open the evacuating valve between aspirating hole 15 and the vacuum pump S6 then, after opening vacuum pump S6 burner 13 being extracted into required vacuum tightness, close vacuum pump S6, and closed the evacuating valve between aspirating hole 15 and the vacuum pump S6; Open fuel gas ball valve 3 that links to each other with gas inlet pipe 1 and the thin water smoke ball valve 4 that links to each other with thin water smoke frog-entering pipe 2, open the variable valve on the hydrogen-holder S5 again, the thin water smoke that gas under action of pressure in the hydrogen-holder and ultrasonic atomizatio instrument S4 produce flows into semisphere cover body 12 through the draft tube 11 of flange in the bottom base by gas inlet pipe and thin water smoke frog-entering pipe via four-way connection 5 respectively again, the aluminium powder that the eddy current that dashes under the formation owing to stopping of semisphere cover body will be placed in the groove 10 is kicked up, because the diameter of semisphere cover body is less than the external diameter of groove, the dust cloud of formation suspends with eddy current and is distributed in the whole burner; Open the data acquisition program of computing machine S10 this moment, when the flux of hydrogen and thin water smoke reaches the numerical value that calculates according to requirement of experiment, the variable valve 21 of cutting out on the hydrogen-holder S5 cuts out fuel gas ball valve 3 that links to each other with the hydrogen draft tube and the thin water smoke ball valve 4 that links to each other with thin water smoke frog-entering pipe again, open the emptying ball valve 7 that is communicated with atmospheric environment, when the pressure in the burner is consistent with environmental pressure is that the numerical value of pressure transducer is when no longer changing, close the emptying ball valve that is communicated with atmospheric environment, start electronic ignition dress device S3 and light a fire.Carrying out along with burning, pressure transducer S1 receives the explosion pressure signal, thermopair S2 accepts the blast temperature signal, transfer data to computing machine S10 by pressure data capture card S7 and temperature data acquisition card S8 respectively, automatically handle through predefined data acquisition program and automated evaluation procedure, draw the data and the graphic presentation of explosion pressure and temperature rate-of-rise, realize the automatic measuring and controlling and the demonstration of the pressure and temperature data of experimentation.
Embodiment 3:
Present embodiment adopts thin water smoke to suppress the experimental provision of gas and dust explosion, and its burner adopts the stainless steel right cylinder, and the wall middle part of burner wall is provided with transparent watch window.Adopt high-speed camera experimental phenomena to be photographed at watch window.Liquefied gas is adopted in combustion gas, and dust adopts wheaten starch, and portfire adopts electric spark igniter.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of experimental provision that adopts thin water smoke to suppress gas and dust explosion, its pressure-tight burner wall is provided with the transparent observing window and overlays the relief hole of burst disk, be provided with temperature sensor, pressure transducer and portfire in the burner, the exhaust tube of burner top through having valve links to each other with vacuum pump; It is characterized in that: one section inwardly outstanding draft tube is arranged on the burner flange in the bottom base, and one in its lower end and the four-way connection leads to logical; The inwardly outstanding hollow hemisphere shape cover body in ball top is fixed in the top that faces this air inlet mouth of pipe, in flange base, be provided with toroidal cavity round draft tube outer wall bottom, described semisphere cover body is in relative up and down position with toroidal cavity, and the diameter of semisphere cover body is less than the external diameter of toroidal cavity; In all the other threeways of described four-way connection one are crossed valve and atmospheric environment all and are connected, and other two reduction of fractions to a common denominators do not link to each other with thin water smoke frog-entering pipe with gas inlet pipe by valve; The other end of described gas inlet pipe links to each other through the combustion gas storage tank of variable valve, and the other end of thin water smoke frog-entering pipe links to each other with the ultrasonic atomizatio instrument.。
2, adopt thin water smoke to suppress the experimental provision of gas and dust explosion according to claim 1, be characterised in that described burner selects hollow spheroid, right cylinder or rectangular cylinder for use.
3, adopt thin water smoke to suppress the experimental provision of gas and dust explosion according to claim 1, be characterised in that described burner selects the bright made of full impregnated for use, or leave the transparent observing window by the non-transparent material manufacturing.
4, adopt thin water smoke to suppress the experimental provision of gas and dust explosion according to claim 1, be characterised in that the inwardly outstanding hollow hemisphere shape cover body in described ball top is fixed on the top apart from air inlet mouth of pipe 5-10mm place's air inlet mouth of pipe, an inwardly outstanding support is fixed in employing on burner inner wall, perhaps at the base draft tube outer wall of burner flange in the bottom upper end mounting and fixing bracket, with the semisphere cover body be fixed on draft tube directly over.
5, adopt thin water smoke to suppress the experimental provision of gas and dust explosion according to claim 1, be characterised in that described temperature sensor adopts thermopair; And temperature sensor and pressure transducer be connected to computing machine through temperature data acquisition card and pressure data capture card respectively.
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| CN2008102462300A CN101477094B (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2008-12-31 | Experimental device for restraining gas and dust explosion by water mist |
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| CN2008102462300A CN101477094B (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2008-12-31 | Experimental device for restraining gas and dust explosion by water mist |
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| CN101477094B CN101477094B (en) | 2011-01-12 |
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