CN203432964U - Test device for high-pressure combustible gas leakage spontaneous combustion and shock wave induced ignition - Google Patents
Test device for high-pressure combustible gas leakage spontaneous combustion and shock wave induced ignition Download PDFInfo
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- CN203432964U CN203432964U CN201320555491.7U CN201320555491U CN203432964U CN 203432964 U CN203432964 U CN 203432964U CN 201320555491 U CN201320555491 U CN 201320555491U CN 203432964 U CN203432964 U CN 203432964U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a test device for high-pressure combustible gas leakage spontaneous combustion and shock wave induced ignition. The whole test device comprises a test gas bottle, a nitrogen gas bottle, a high-pressure ventilation pipeline, pressure maintaining valves, solenoid valves, a pressure meter, vacuum pumps, a high-pressure storage tank, a pressure transmitter, ICP (inductively coupled plasma) pressure sensors, a photoelectric diode, a rupture disk clamper (internally provided with a rupture disk), a downstream pipeline, a schlieren instrument, a high-speed camera, a protection box and an air compressor. The test device can be used for making a research on influence of factors such as different leakage pressures, shapes, lengths and diameters of different downstream pipelines, different initial gas temperatures, breakage shapes of different rupture disks and different barriers outside pipe holes on spontaneous ignition so as to further perfect a spontaneous ignition mechanism, making a research on a shock wave induced ignition process to reveal a shock wave induced ignition mechanism and influence factors on shock wave induced ignition, and realizing visualization research on spontaneous ignition and shock wave induced ignition processes.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the safety of inflammable gas, is specifically related to the test unit of the spontaneous combustion of a kind of high pressure Combustible Gas Leak and SHOCK WAVE INDUCED igniting.
Background technology
Inflammable gas high pressure storage is to improve an important technology of efficiency of energy utilization, and the inflammable gas accidental release of high pressure storage or spontaneous ignition phenomenon likely occurs while discharging, and then initiation fire explosion accident.At present the mechanism of high pressure Combustible Gas Leak spontaneous combustion is not also had to unified understanding both at home and abroad, most of research lays particular emphasis on diffusion ignition theory.Diffusion ignition theory refers to high pressure inflammable gas by downstream line or is directly released in air (or oxygen), can form shock wave at gas fuel fluid jet front end, shock wave produces High Temperature High Pressure, thereby shock wave rear air temperature is raise rapidly, now between high temperature air and jet forward position, can there is molecular diffusion, form fuel-air mixolimnion of certain area, when mixolimnion temperature reaches ignition temperature and gaseous fuel concentration in ignition range, through after a while, postpone (firing delay), just spontaneous ignition can occur.At present, the domestic research for high pressure Combustible Gas Leak spontaneous combustion mechanism is also quite few, and existing research is mainly that experimental phenomena is simply described, and by converting different pressure stores, different downstream line etc., determines spontaneous ignition occurrence condition.Because the spontaneous ignition of high pressure Combustible Gas Leak is a very complicated process, be subject to gas pressure store, downstream line shape and size, the outer barrier of the mouth of pipe, membrane ruptures process, the impact of the factors such as gas temperature, therefore study the high pressure Combustible Gas Leak spontaneous ignition rule under different condition, development catches the visualization technique of shock wave structure variation and spontaneous ignition process, set up the quantitative model of jet flames physical dimension, not only can deepen the research of spontaneous ignition mechanism, expand jet flame theoretical model, also can be the safety storage technology of development high pressure inflammable gas simultaneously, improve associated safety standards and norms experimental basis and theory support are provided.
During the storage of gas high pressure, once there is leakage meeting, in gas jet the place ahead, form shock wave one, if Shock Wave is in flammable (part) premixed gas, cause its temperature to raise, when flammable mixed gas temperature reaches ignition temperature, just can burn, even blast.At present, the domestic research for SHOCK WAVE INDUCED ignition process is mainly carried out in shock tube, and size is less, can not simulation of real scenes.The flammable premixed gas igniting of the SHOCK WAVE INDUCED that produces during high pressure gas leakage is not only relevant with shock strength, gas initial temperature, but also is subject to the impact of inflammable gas concentration.For SHOCK WAVE INDUCED igniting phenomenon, study and development point fire process visualization technology, not only can study more intuitively SHOCK WAVE INDUCED ignition process, disclose SHOCK WAVE INDUCED ignition mechanism, also can be development SHOCK WAVE INDUCED quenching technology theoretical foundation is provided.
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of spontaneous combustion of high pressure Combustible Gas Leak and SHOCK WAVE INDUCED fire trial platform that can carry out above-mentioned test.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide the test unit of the spontaneous combustion of a kind of high pressure Combustible Gas Leak and SHOCK WAVE INDUCED igniting, and this device can be carried out experimental study to the high pressure Combustible Gas Leak spontaneous ignition under different condition and SHOCK WAVE INDUCED igniting.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model is: the test unit of the spontaneous combustion of a kind of high pressure Combustible Gas Leak and SHOCK WAVE INDUCED igniting, whole test unit comprises high pressure air feed system, high pressure storage tank and downstream line system, security protection system, dynamic image recording system, data acquisition system (DAS) and electromagnetic valve controlling system.High pressure air feed system Main Function is the test gas that fills to continous-stable in high pressure storage tank, promotes the discharge of device inner exhaust gas that source of the gas is provided after also can be bubble-tight check before test, test simultaneously; High pressure storage tank and downstream line system comprise rupture disk clamper device, in this device, rupture disk is housed, high pressure storage tank fills test gas to the storage of certain pressure for simulated high-pressure gas, when pressure store is greater than rupture disk and bears pressure, rupture disk breaks, and test gas is by downstream line or be directly discharged in protective housing; Security protection system mainly consists of protective housing, and protective housing is used for gathering inflammable gas, prevents random diffusion; Dynamic image recording system is for recording the development and change process of mouth of pipe place, play pipe road shock wave, SHOCK WAVE INDUCED igniting, gas jet and jet flame; Data acquisition system (DAS) records the variation of high pressure storage tank internal pressure and downstream line internal pressure changes and spontaneous ignition signal, and exportable trigger pip, starts dynamic image recording system and starts working; In test unit, the switching of solenoid valve is controlled by electromagnetic valve controlling system.
Further, the concrete structure of this test unit is as follows: high pressure air feed system is mainly comprised of high-potting gas gas cylinder, nitrogen cylinder, first, second switch valve, first, second pressure maintaining valve, first, second, third solenoid valve, tensimeter, main pressure piping and the first vacuum pump system; Front end at main pressure piping has three vertically arranged first, second, third solenoid valves, high-potting gas gas cylinder is connected with the first solenoid valve of the first switch valve, the first pressure maintaining valve and upper end by pipeline, same nitrogen gas cylinder is connected with second switch valve, the second pressure maintaining valve and the second middle solenoid valve by pipeline, the 3rd solenoid valve of lower end is make-up valve, for gas in tapping equipment; The first solenoid valve that three vertically arranged first, second, third solenoid valves are upper end, middle the second solenoid valve and the 3rd solenoid valve of lower end are connected and are pooled on main pressure piping by pipeline; Tensimeter and the first vacuum pump system are installed on main pressure piping, tensimeter is used for display pipes internal pressure to be changed, the first vacuum pump system is comprised of needle-valve, vacuum pump and vacuum meter, vacuum pump is connected with needle-valve with vacuum meter by pipeline, by pipeline, be connected on main pressure piping, the first vacuum pump system is for testing the gas in front extraction test unit again.High pressure storage tank and downstream line system mainly consist of high pressure storage tank, rupture disk, rupture disk clamper and downstream line; Main pressure piping is connected with high pressure storage tank, and high pressure storage tank end connects rupture disk clamper, and the rupture disk clamper other end is connected with downstream line; In this clamper, rupture disk is housed, rupture disk can bear certain force value, and when in storage tank, test gas pressure reaches bursting pressure of bursting sheet, rupture disk breaks, and test gas is by downstream line or be directly injected in protective housing.Security protection system is mainly comprised of X-over, flange, protective housing and air compressor machine, the second vacuum pump system etc.; Downstream line end passes in protective housing, and downstream line is realized and being connected with flange by X-over with protective housing; On protective housing, offer exhausr port and air intake opening and the second vacuum pump system is installed; Protective housing is mainly used in gathering inflammable gas, prevents in indoor random diffusion; Meet accident in protective housing blast outside pressure release and exhaust emissions is all discharged to outdoorly by exhausr port, the switching of exhausr port is by the 4th solenoid control; By air compressor machine, by air intake opening, to advertising air extrusion inflammable gas in protective housing, thoroughly drain into outdoorly, the switching of air intake opening is by the 5th solenoid control; The second vacuum pump system is comprised of vacuum meter, vacuum pump and needle-valve, is mainly used in before SHOCK WAVE INDUCED fire trial starts, and extracts in protective housing gas to vacuum; During the ignition process of the flammable premixed gas of SHOCK WAVE INDUCED that research produces during high pressure gas leakage, high-potting gas both can be high pressure inflammable gas and also can be high pressure non-combustible gas, first using the second vacuum pump system to extract gas in protective housing, to vacuum state, then passes into a certain amount of, certain density flammable premixed gas in protective housing by air intake opening; Transparent glass window is installed in the side, two of left and right of protective housing, and quartz glass is by flange setting-in in windowpane, and at windowpane within sweep of the eye, the parallel light path that schlieren optical system produces is by this windowpane for downstream line nozzle; Protective housing end is offered Yishanmen, and for the outside setting of leaking environment and SHOCK WAVE INDUCED fire trial environment in downstream line exit, the switching of door operates by door handle.Dynamic image recording system, is called again high speed schlieren camera system, mainly schlieren and high-speed camera, consists of, and schlieren mainly consists of the following components: light source, focusing lens, first, second catoptron, first, second concave mirror and the edge of a knife; When windowpane flow field density within the vision is inhomogeneous, parallel beam by time there is deviation, in schlieren knife-edge plane, produce a light source picture departing from, illumination on high-speed camera object lens changes thereupon, thereby the variable density that shows qualitatively flow field, high-speed camera reflects that by recorded stream field density modified-image formation, spontaneous ignition, the jet of the outer shock wave of spout change and the development of jet flames.Data acquisition system (DAS) is mainly comprised of pressure unit, the first pressure transducer, photodiode, the second pressure transducer and data collecting instrument; Pressure unit is arranged on high pressure storage tank, for measuring the situation of change of tank inner pressure; The first pressure transducer and the photodiode of some is equipped with respectively in the upper and lower both sides of downstream line, and the first pressure transducer is ICP pressure transducer, and this ICP pressure transducer changes for the pressure recording in pipeline, the formation and development of monitoring shock wave; A situation arises and the communication process of self-ignition light for detection of spontaneous ignition in pipeline for photodiode; The second pressure transducer is for monitoring the situation of change of casing internal pressure, and the second pressure transducer is ICP pressure transducer; By data collecting instrument, record the physical change signal that pressure unit, two ICP pressure transducers and photodiode collect, when the rapid drawdown of pressure transmitter measurement value or the first pressure transducer measured value jump, output trigger pip, starts high-speed camera and starts working.Electromagnetic valve controlling system mainly consists of solenoid control cabinet, is provided with five electromagnetic valve switch in solenoid control cabinet, in order in Control experiment device respectively first, second, third, fourth, the switching of the 5th solenoid valve.Owing to relating to high pressure and inflammable gas, a whole set of test unit need to have good impermeability.
The utility model has the advantage of:
The utility model be a kind of research high pressure inflammable gas (as hydrogen, device in Gas etc.) leak and dispose procedure in the test unit of spontaneous combustion and SHOCK WAVE INDUCED ignition process.This device can be used for: (1) studies the impact that the factors such as different leak pressures, different downstream line shape, length, diameter, gas initial temperature and rupture disk fracture pattern, the outer barrier of the mouth of pipe occur spontaneous ignition, and further improves spontaneous ignition mechanism; (2) research SHOCK WAVE INDUCED ignition process, discloses SHOCK WAVE INDUCED ignition mechanism and influence factor thereof; (3) realize the visual research of spontaneous ignition and SHOCK WAVE INDUCED ignition process; (4) realize the remote safe operation of process of the test, the semi-automation that completes in process of the test inflation and exhaust by solenoid valve is controlled; (5), after warranty test finishes, draining into of flammability test tail gas safe is outdoor; (6) automatically record dynamic test phenomenon and fine structure thereof.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is test unit general structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 protective housing structural representation.
The corresponding table of each component names of test unit and numbering in accompanying drawing
| Numbering | Title | Numbering | Title |
| 1 | High-potting gas gas cylinder | 2 | Nitrogen cylinder |
| 3，4 | Switch valve | 5，6 | Pressure maintaining valve |
| 7，8，9，38，46 | Solenoid valve | 10 | Tensimeter |
| 11 | Main pressure piping | 12，41 | Needle-valve |
| 13，40 | Vacuum pump | 14，39 | Vacuum meter |
| 15 | High pressure storage tank | 16 | Pressure unit |
| 17 | Rupture disk | 18 | Rupture disk clamper |
| 19，36 | ICP pressure transducer | 20 | Photodiode |
| 21 | Downstream line | 22 | X-over |
| 23 | Flange | 24 | Windowpane |
| 25 | Protective housing | 26 | Light source |
| 27 | Focusing lens | 28，31 | Catoptron |
| 29，30 | Concave mirror | 32 | The edge of a knife |
| 33 | High-speed camera | 34 | Data collecting instrument |
| 35 | Solenoid control cabinet | 37 | Exhausr port |
| 42 | Door | 43 | Door handle |
| 44 | Quartz glass | 45 | Air compressor machine |
| 47 | Air intake opening | S1 | Solenoid valve 7 gauge tap |
| S2 | Solenoid valve 8 gauge tap | S3 | Solenoid valve 9 gauge tap |
| S4 | Solenoid valve 38 gauge tap | S5 | Solenoid valve 46 gauge tap |
Embodiment
The utility model is the test unit of the spontaneous combustion of a kind of high pressure Combustible Gas Leak and SHOCK WAVE INDUCED igniting, whole test unit has six large systems and forms, and is respectively high pressure air feed system, high pressure storage tank and downstream line system, security protection system, dynamic image recording system, data acquisition system (DAS) and electromagnetic valve controlling system.High pressure air feed system is mainly used in the test gas that fills to continous-stable in high pressure storage tank, also can be the tail gas in emptying device after bubble-tight check before test, test simultaneously source of the gas is provided; In high pressure storage tank and downstream line system, comprise rupture disk clamper device (in-built rupture disk), in high pressure storage tank, fill the test gas of certain pressure for the storage of simulated high-pressure gas, when pressure store is greater than bursting pressure of bursting sheet, rupture disk breaks, and test gas is by downstream line or directly release in protective housing; Security protection system mainly consists of protective housing, and protective housing is used for gathering inflammable gas, prevents random diffusion; Dynamic image recording system is for recording the development and change process of mouth of pipe place, play pipe road shock wave, SHOCK WAVE INDUCED igniting and jet diffusion flame; Pressure change signal in data acquisition system (DAS) essential record high pressure storage tank, downstream line, and spontaneous ignition signal in downstream line, and exportable trigger pip, start dynamic image recording system and start to measure; In test unit, the switching of solenoid valve is controlled by electromagnetic valve controlling system.
The concrete structure of the spontaneous combustion of high pressure Combustible Gas Leak and SHOCK WAVE INDUCED fire trial device is as follows.High pressure air feed system in test unit is mainly comprised of high-potting gas gas cylinder, nitrogen cylinder, switch valve, pressure maintaining valve, solenoid valve, tensimeter, main pressure piping and the first vacuum pump system; Main pressure piping front end has three vertically arranged solenoid valves, high-potting gas gas cylinder is connected with switch valve, pressure maintaining valve and upper end solenoid valve by pipeline, same nitrogen gas cylinder is connected with switch valve, pressure maintaining valve and middle solenoid valve by pipeline, lower end solenoid valve is make-up valve, for gas in tapping equipment; Upper end solenoid valve, middle solenoid valve and lower end solenoid valve are connected and are pooled on main pressure piping by pipeline; Tensimeter and the first vacuum pump system are installed on main pressure piping, tensimeter is used for detecting manifold pressure to be changed, the first vacuum pump system is comprised of needle-valve, vacuum pump and vacuum meter, vacuum pump is connected with needle-valve with vacuum meter by pipeline, by pipeline, be connected on main pressure piping, the first vacuum pump system is for testing the gas in front extraction test unit again.High pressure storage tank and downstream line system mainly consist of high pressure storage tank, rupture disk, rupture disk clamper and downstream line; Main pressure piping is connected with high pressure storage tank, and rupture disk clamper rear and front end connects respectively high pressure storage tank end and downstream line; The rupture disk of certain design pressure is housed in this clamper, and when in storage tank, test gas pressure reaches bursting pressure of bursting sheet, rupture disk breaks, and test gas is by downstream line or be directly injected in protective housing.Security protection system is mainly comprised of X-over, flange, protective housing and air compressor machine, the second vacuum pump system etc.; Downstream line end directly communicates with atmosphere in protective housing, and downstream line is realized and being connected with flange by X-over with protective housing; On protective housing, offer exhausr port and air intake opening, and the second vacuum pump system is installed; Protective housing is mainly used in gathering inflammable gas, prevents in indoor random diffusion; Meet accident in protective housing blast outside pressure release and exhaust emissions is all discharged to outdoorly by exhausr port, the switching of exhausr port is by solenoid control; By air compressor machine, by air intake opening, to advertising air extrusion inflammable gas in protective housing, thoroughly drain into outdoorly, the switching of air intake opening is by solenoid control; The second vacuum pump system is comprised of vacuum meter, vacuum pump and needle-valve, is mainly used in before SHOCK WAVE INDUCED fire trial starts, and extracts in protective housing gas to vacuum; Also can be artificial in protective housing pass into a certain amount of flammable premixed gas, the ignition process of the flammable premixed gas of SHOCK WAVE INDUCED producing during research high pressure gas leakage, high-potting gas both can be high pressure inflammable gas and also can be high pressure non-combustible gas, during research SHOCK WAVE INDUCED ignition process, first using the second vacuum pump system to extract gas in protective housing, to vacuum state, then passes into flammable premixed gas in protective housing by air intake opening; Transparent glass window is installed in the side, two of left and right of protective housing, and quartz glass is by flange setting-in in windowpane, and at windowpane within sweep of the eye, the parallel light path that schlieren optical system produces is by this windowpane for downstream line nozzle; Protective housing end is offered Yishanmen, and for the outside setting of leaking environment and SHOCK WAVE INDUCED fire trial environment in downstream line exit, the switching of door operates by door handle.Dynamic image recording system, is called again high speed schlieren camera system, mainly schlieren and high-speed camera, consists of, and schlieren is mainly comprised of light source, focusing lens, catoptron, concave mirror and the edge of a knife; When flow field density in windowpane field range is mouth of pipe downstream certain distance is inhomogeneous, parallel beam by time there is deviation, in schlieren knife-edge plane, produce a light source picture departing from, illumination on high-speed camera object lens changes thereupon, thereby the variable density that shows qualitatively flow field, video camera reflects that by recorded stream field density modified-image formation, spontaneous ignition, the jet of the outer shock wave of spout change and the development of jet flames.Data acquisition system (DAS) is mainly comprised of pressure unit, the first pressure transducer, photodiode, the second pressure transducer and data collecting instrument; Pressure unit is arranged on high pressure storage tank, for recording the situation of change of tank inner pressure; The first pressure transducer and the photodiode of some is equipped with respectively in the upper and lower both sides of downstream line, and this ICP pressure transducer changes for the pressure recording in pipeline, the formation and development of monitoring shock wave; A situation arises and the communication process of self-ignition light for detection of spontaneous ignition in pipeline for photodiode; The second pressure transducer is for monitoring the situation of change of casing internal pressure; The physical signalling of being surveyed by pressure unit, ICP pressure transducer and photodiode all carries out record by data collecting instrument, when the rapid drawdown of pressure transmitter measurement value or the first pressure transducer measured value jump, output trigger pip, starts high-speed camera and starts working.Electromagnetic valve controlling system mainly consists of solenoid control cabinet, and electromagnetic valve switch is arranged in solenoid control cabinet, the switching of each solenoid valve in Control experiment device respectively.Owing to relating to high pressure and inflammable gas, a whole set of test unit need to have good impermeability.
The course of work of the present utility model is as follows:
(1) high pressure Combustible Gas Leak spontaneous ignition research
1, according to requirement of experiment, rupture disk is installed in clamper, assembly connection is carried out with the downstream line of high pressure storage tank, certain specification respectively in rupture disk clamper rear and front end, the downstream line other end is connected with protective housing, in protective housing view window within sweep of the eye, ICP pressure transducer and photodiode are respectively installed to the both sides up and down of downstream line to the mouth of pipe; 2, open nitrogen cylinder controlled valve and middle solenoid valve, in high pressure storage tank, fill nitrogen to certain pressure, the impermeability of testing fixture; If 3 impermeability are good, open nitrogen in standby solenoid valve remover, utilize afterwards vacuum pump system to extract the nitrogen in high pressure storage tank and breather line, in experimental channel and high pressure storage tank, reach after certain vacuum degree, close vacuum pump; 4, the measuring equipment such as turn-on data Acquisition Instrument, high-speed camera, opens schlieren light source, through catoptron and concave mirror, forms a branch of directional light, and this directional light, through protective housing view window, guarantees that pipe outlet is in schlieren is taken the visual field; 5, open high pressure inflammable gas gas cylinder valve, regulate pressure maintaining valve top hole pressure to rupture disk design pressure value, then open upper end solenoid valve continous-stable fills inflammable gas in high pressure storage tank, while reaching certain pressure in storage tank, rupture disk breaks, inflammable gas jet or jet flame are ejected in protective housing, now close rapidly upper end solenoid valve and inflammable gas gas cylinder on/off valve; 6, pressure unit detects tank inner pressure rapid drawdown or ICP pressure sensor senses produces trigger pip after pressure jump, starts measuring equipment and starts working, and records the experimental phenomenas such as shock wave, spontaneous ignition, jet flame; 7, after experiment measuring finishes, open nitrogen cylinder controlled valve and middle solenoid valve passes into nitrogen in test unit, in order to dilute inflammable gas concentration in protective housing; And the electromagnetic valve switch of opening exhausr port on protective housing is discharged to inflammable gas in protective housing outdoorly by exhausr port, through after a period of time, opens air compressor machine and electromagnetic valve switch thereof and advertise the inflammable gas in the thorough emptying protective housing of air in protective housing.
(2) SHOCK WAVE INDUCED ignition process research
1, according to requirement of experiment, rupture disk is installed, assembly connection is carried out with high pressure storage tank, downstream line respectively in rupture disk clamper rear and front end, the downstream line other end is connected with protective housing, in protective housing view window within sweep of the eye, ICP pressure transducer and photodiode are respectively installed to the both sides up and down of downstream line to the mouth of pipe; 2, open nitrogen cylinder controlled valve and middle solenoid valve, in high pressure storage tank, fill nitrogen to certain pressure, the impermeability of testing fixture; If 3 impermeability are good, open nitrogen in standby solenoid valve remover, utilize afterwards vacuum pump system to extract the nitrogen in high pressure storage tank and breather line, when experimental channel and high pressure storage tank are during in vacuum state, close vacuum pump; 4, the sealing that checks protective housing is filled with a certain amount of nitrogen by air intake opening in protective housing, keeps a period of time, observes casing internal pressure situation of change, if without marked change, shows that protective housing device impermeability is good; 5, open the solenoid valve of controlling exhausr port switch on protective housing, discharge nitrogen in casing, then with sharp vacuum pump system, extract gas in casing and, to vacuum, close vacuum pump; 6, by air intake opening, in protective housing, be filled with a certain amount of flammable premixed gas; 7, the measuring equipment such as turn-on data Acquisition Instrument, high-speed camera, opens schlieren light source, and the parallel beam forming through catoptron and concave mirror is through protective housing view window; 8, open high-potting gas gas cylinder on/off valve door, regulate pressure maintaining valve top hole pressure to rupture disk design pressure value, then open upper end solenoid valve continous-stable fills test gas in high pressure storage tank, while reaching certain pressure in storage tank, rupture disk breaks, gas jet is ejected in protective housing, now closes rapidly upper end solenoid valve and gas cylinder on/off valve; 9, pressure unit detects tank inner pressure rapid drawdown or ICP pressure sensor senses produces trigger pip after pressure jump, start measuring equipment and start working, record the experimental phenomenas such as shock wave, igniting and utilize pressure transducer to record the variation of protective housing internal pressure; 10, after experiment measuring finishes, open nitrogen cylinder controlled valve and middle solenoid valve passes into nitrogen in test unit, in order to dilute inflammable gas concentration in protective housing; And the electromagnetic valve switch of opening exhausr port on protective housing is discharged to inflammable gas in protective housing outdoorly by exhausr port, through after a period of time, opens air compressor machine and electromagnetic valve switch thereof and advertise the inflammable gas in the thorough emptying protective housing of air in protective housing.
The utility model provides a kind of carry out the spontaneous ignition test of high pressure Combustible Gas Leak and the test-fired device of SHOCK WAVE INDUCED under different condition, and the shock strength, ignition process, the jet flame that form can be to high pressure gas leakage time form evolution and carry out record, and can people leak condition for a change, such as different leak pressures, different downstream line specification, initial gas temperature etc.By the data of pressure unit, ICP pressure transducer record, can monitor shock wave under the certain relieving pressure condition formation and development process in downstream line, and manifold pressure situation over time; By photodiode can pipelines in SHOCK WAVE INDUCED igniting a situation arises, determine the velocity of propagation of ignition delay time and self-ignition light; High speed schlieren camera system can photograph generation and the evolution of spontaneous ignition in protective housing, obtain the forming process of jet diffusion flame, and fine structure and the flow field change situation of the outer self-ignition light of downstream line, this test unit also can record in detail and the premixed gas detonation parameter that may cause is measured SHOCK WAVE INDUCED ignition process simultaneously; When downstream line xsect is rectangular configuration, also its left and right side can be processed as to transparent configuration, observe the generation development of spontaneous ignition in pipeline.Utilize this device to study for the high pressure Combustible Gas Leak spontaneous combustion under different condition, for example: the impact that simulated leakage pressure occurs spontaneous ignition; Determine the critical leak pressure that under the conditions such as different downstream line shapes, length, diameter, spontaneous ignition occurs; The impact that research rupture disk fracture pattern occurs spontaneous ignition; Disclose the impact of the outer barrier of the mouth of pipe on spontaneous ignition generation and the development of jet diffusion flame.Utilize this device also can study the ignition process of the flammable premixed gas of the SHOCK WAVE INDUCED producing during high pressure gas leakage under different condition, for example: study the impact that different shock strengths occur igniting, investigate the susceptibility of premixed gas concentration to SHOCK WAVE INDUCED igniting, determine premixed gas physical parameter (as temperature etc.) and the relation that SHOCK WAVE INDUCED igniting occurs, also can measure the development and change rule of flammable premixed gas detonation parameter etc. simultaneously.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present utility model is described.
High pressure air feed system is mainly comprised of high-potting gas gas cylinder 1, nitrogen cylinder 2, switch valve 3,4, pressure maintaining valve 5,6, solenoid valve 7,8,9, tensimeter 10, main pressure piping 11 and the first vacuum pump system.High-potting gas gas cylinder 1 is connected with main pressure piping 11 by switch valve 3, pressure maintaining valve 5, solenoid valve 7; Nitrogen cylinder 2 is connected with main pressure piping 11 by switch valve 4, pressure maintaining valve 6, solenoid valve 8; Solenoid valve 9 and flexible pipe are connected to outdoor, and flexible pipe adopts common plastics tube, external diameter 20mm, internal diameter 16mm; Connecting line between pressure maintaining valve 5,6 and solenoid valve 7,8 adopts high-pressure rubber hose, external diameter 19mm, internal diameter 8mm; Pipeline between connected electromagnetic valve 7,8,9 and main pressure duct and main pressure duct 11 all adopt 316 stainless-steel tubes, external diameter 20mm, internal diameter 6mm, the long 540mm of main pressure piping; Tensimeter 10 and the first vacuum pump system are installed on main pressure piping 11, and tensimeter changes in order to monitor manifold pressure, and tensimeter adopts shockproof, pressure measurement scope 0-25MPa; The first vacuum pump system comprises needle-valve 12, Double-stage rotary vane vacuum pump 13 and vacuum meter 14, and vacuum pump 13 specifications are 2xz-4, power 0.55KW, rotating speed 1440r/min, end vacuum 6 * 10
-2pa; Toward high pressure storage tank 15, fill before test gas, first adopt the gas in vacuum pump emptying pipeline and high pressure storage tank, then valve-off, makes maintenance vacuum state in device.
High pressure storage tank and downstream line system mainly consist of high pressure storage tank 15, rupture disk 17, rupture disk clamper 18 and downstream line 21.High pressure storage tank 15 is cylindrical cavity body structure, adopts 316 stainless steels to make, and the external diameter of storage tank is 50mm, and internal diameter is 40mm, and long is 350mm, and volume 0.44L, fills test gas to certain pressure, simulation test gas high pressure storage; Rupture disk clamper 18 is connected with high pressure storage tank, when pressure of storage tank higher than clamper in rupture disk 17 while bearing pressure, rupture disk breaks, test gas is by downstream line 21 or directly release in protective housing 25, clamper is that 316 stainless steel materials are made, and rupture disk size, design burst pressure and fracture pattern all can change; Downstream line 21 is connected with clamper 18 pressure relieving ends, material is 304 stainless steels, downstream line cross-sectional structure, internal diameter, length all can change, when downstream line xsect is rectangular configuration, also its left and right side can be processed as to transparent configuration, observe the generation development of spontaneous ignition in pipeline.
Security protection system is mainly comprised of X-over 22, flange 23, protective housing 25 and air compressor machine 44, the second vacuum pump system etc.Downstream line 21 is assembled together with protective housing 25 by X-over 22 and flange 23, and X-over physical dimension is difference along with the change of downstream line external diameter, and itself and downstream line outside wall surface contact position adopt silica gel sealing; Protective housing 25 is a rectangular cavities, and inner cavity size is 600mm * 400mm * 400mm, and housing adopts 304 thick corrosion resistant plates of 8mm to be welded; Protective housing offers air intake opening 47 and exhausr port 37, and the second vacuum pump system is installed, and air intake opening and exhausr port are the circular hole that diameter is 20mm; Protective housing side has air intake opening 47, is controlled the switching of air intake opening by solenoid valve 46, and air compressor 45 is connected with solenoid valve, and its power is 1.5KW, discharge pressure 0.8MPa, volume flow 0.06m
3/ min, assists the interior inflammable gas of emptying protective housing as early as possible, also can pass into flammable premixed gas, in order to study SHOCK WAVE INDUCED ignition process from air intake opening; Exhausr port 37 adopts solenoid valves 38 as gauge tap, and exhausr port top connects gas outlet, and gas outlet adopts plastic tube, and external diameter is 20mm, and internal diameter 16mm, in order to get rid of in protective housing inflammable gas to outdoor; The second vacuum pump system is comprised of vacuum meter 39, vacuum pump 40 and needle-valve 41, and vacuum pump specification is 2xz-4, power 0.55KW, rotating speed 1440r/min, end vacuum 6 * 10
-2pa, vacuum pump is for being evacuated to vacuum state in protective housing; On protective housing, have view window 24, view window is assembled by quartz glass 44 and flange, the rectangular configuration that view window is 250mm * 250mm, and quartz glass thickness is 12mm; Protective housing rear portion has Yishanmen 42 and door handle 43, by door, arranges dependency structure in protective housing, as the thing of placing obstacles at downstream line end, heating arrangement is installed in protective housing and is improved the interior gas temperature of protective housing etc.
Dynamic image recording system, is mainly comprised of light source 26, focusing lens 27, two catoptrons 28,31, two concave mirrors 29,30, the edge of a knife 32 and high-speed cameras 33.Schlieren light source 26 adopts the halogen tungsten bulb of 24V, 300W, the diameter of concave mirror 29,30 is 200mm, focal length is 2000mm, schlieren optical system adopts " Z " shape light path arrangement, there is deviation during by different densities flow field in the parallel beam of its generation, utilize edge of a knife cutting light source imaging, thereby be subject to the disturbance in flow field to change the light distribution of plane into light; Light distribution is carried out record by high-speed camera 33, and high-speed camera model is Phantom V710, and shooting speed is set to 100,000-150,000fps, resolution 256 * 256; In pressure unit monitor value bust or downstream line, install the instantaneous rising of ICP pressure transducer record value time, the negative edge signal of a 5V-0 of data collecting instrument 34 output, triggers high-speed camera 33 and starts to take.
Data acquisition system (DAS) mainly consists of pressure unit 16, the first pressure transducer 19, photodiode 20, the second pressure transducer 36 and data collecting instrument 34.Distance high-voltage storage tank 15 end 100mm place setting pressure transmitters 16, model is PT705 explosion-proof type, and measurement range is 0-40MPa, and precision 0.25%FS records high pressure storage tank internal pressure situation of change; The first pressure transducer 19 and photodiode 20 are installed on respectively the both sides up and down of the same axial location of downstream line, and protective housing top is provided with the second pressure transducer 36, the first pressure transducers and the second pressure transducer is ICP pressure transducer; The first pressure transducer 19 is selected PCB113B22 type piezoelectric type high frequency dynamic pickup, measurement range 0-34.475MPa, response frequency >=500kHz; The second pressure transducer 36 is selected PCB113B21 type, measurement range 0-2.758MPa, and response frequency >=500KHz, changes in order to monitoring protection case internal pressure; Photodiode 2 adopts the silicon photoelectric diode having encapsulated, and model is: SM05PD2A, and measure spectrum scope is 200-1100nm; The installation quantity of the first pressure transducer 19 and photodiode 20, interval are different along with the difference of duct length; Pressure unit, ICP pressure transducer and photodiode measured signal are by data collecting instrument 34 records, for catching shock wave structure and spontaneous ignition instantaneous process, data collecting instrument should be high as much as possible to the frequency acquisition of ICP pressure transducer and photodiode.
The chief component of electromagnetic valve controlling system is solenoid control cabinet 35.Solenoid valve 7,8,9,38,46 all adopts explosion-proof type, pressure-bearing 20-250bar, by switch S 1-S5, controlled respectively, the unification of solenoid control switch is installed in solenoid control cabinet 35, can carry out remote safe operation to the switching of solenoid valve, realize the semi-automation of high pressure storage tank inflation, the interior inflation of protective housing and exhaust and control.
The part that the utility model does not elaborate belongs to techniques well known.
Although above the illustrative embodiment of the utility model is described; so that those skilled in the art understand the utility model; but should be clear; the utility model is not limited to the scope of embodiment; to those skilled in the art; as long as various variations appended claim limit and the spirit and scope of the present utility model determined in; these variations are apparent, and all innovation and creation that utilize the utility model design are all at the row of protection.
Claims (2)
1. the test unit that high pressure Combustible Gas Leak spontaneous combustion and SHOCK WAVE INDUCED are lighted a fire, it is characterized in that, whole test unit comprises high pressure air feed system, high pressure storage tank and downstream line system, security protection system, dynamic image recording system, data acquisition system (DAS) and electromagnetic valve controlling system, high pressure air feed system is mainly used in the test gas that fills to continous-stable in high pressure storage tank, promotes the discharge of device inner exhaust gas that source of the gas is provided after also can be bubble-tight check before test, test simultaneously; In high pressure storage tank and downstream line system, comprise rupture disk clamper device, in this device, rupture disk is housed, in high pressure storage tank, fill test gas to the storage of certain pressure for simulated high-pressure gas, when pressure store is greater than rupture disk and bears pressure, rupture disk breaks, and test gas is by downstream line or be directly discharged in protective housing; Security protection system mainly consists of protective housing, and protective housing is used for gathering inflammable gas, prevents random diffusion; Dynamic image recording system is for recording the development and change process of mouth of pipe place, play pipe road shock wave, SHOCK WAVE INDUCED igniting, gas jet and jet flame; Data acquisition system (DAS) records the variation of high pressure storage tank internal pressure and downstream line internal pressure changes and spontaneous ignition signal, and can input trigger pip to dynamic image recording system; In test unit, the switching of solenoid valve is controlled by electromagnetic valve controlling system.
2. the test unit that a kind of high pressure Combustible Gas Leak according to claim 1 spontaneous combustion and SHOCK WAVE INDUCED are lighted a fire, it is characterized in that, the concrete structure of this test unit is as follows: high pressure air feed system is mainly by high-potting gas gas cylinder (1), nitrogen cylinder (2), first, second switch valve (3), (4), first, second pressure maintaining valve (5), (6), first, second, third solenoid valve (7), (8), (9), tensimeter (10), main pressure piping (11) and the first vacuum pump system form, front end at main pressure piping (11) has three vertically arranged first, second, third solenoid valves (7), (8), (9), high-potting gas gas cylinder (1) passes through to be connected with first solenoid valve (7) of upper end after the first switch valve (3), the second pressure maintaining valve (5), same nitrogen gas cylinder (2) is connected with middle the second solenoid valve (8) by second switch valve (4) and the second pressure maintaining valve (6) are rear, the 3rd solenoid valve (9) of lower end is make-up valve, for gas in tapping equipment, the first solenoid valve (7) that three vertically arranged first, second, third solenoid valves are upper end, middle the second solenoid valve (8) and the 3rd solenoid valve (9) of lower end are connected and are pooled on main pressure piping (11) by pipeline, tensimeter (10) and the first vacuum pump system are installed on main pressure piping (11), tensimeter (10) is used for detecting manifold pressure to be changed, the first vacuum pump system is by needle-valve (12), vacuum pump (13) and vacuum meter (14) form, vacuum pump (13) is connected with needle-valve (12) with vacuum meter (14) by pipeline, by pipeline, be connected on main pressure piping (11) again, the first vacuum pump system is for testing the gas in front extraction test unit, high pressure storage tank and downstream line system are mainly by high pressure storage tank (15), rupture disk (17), rupture disk clamper (18) and downstream line (21) form, main pressure piping (11) is connected with high pressure storage tank (15), and high pressure storage tank (15) end connects rupture disk clamper (18), and rupture disk clamper (18) other end is connected with downstream line (21), the rupture disk (17) of certain design pressure is housed in this clamper (18), when in storage tank (15), test gas pressure reaches bursting pressure of bursting sheet, rupture disk (17) breaks, test gas is by downstream line (21) or be directly injected in protective housing (25), and security protection system is mainly comprised of X-over (22), flange (23), protective housing (25) and air compressor machine (44), the second vacuum pump system etc., downstream line (21) end directly communicates with the interior atmosphere of protective housing (25), and downstream line (21) is realized and being connected with flange (23) by X-over (22) with protective housing (25), on protective housing (25), offer exhausr port (37) and air intake opening (47) and the second vacuum pump system is installed, protective housing (25) is mainly used in gathering inflammable gas, prevents in indoor random diffusion, meet accident in protective housing (25) blast outside pressure release and exhaust emissions is all discharged to outdoorly by exhausr port (37), the switching of exhausr port (37) is controlled by the 4th solenoid valve (38), by air compressor machine (45), by air intake opening (47), to advertising air extrusion inflammable gas in protective housing, thoroughly drain into outdoorly, the switching of air intake opening (47) is controlled by the 5th solenoid valve (46), the second vacuum pump system is comprised of vacuum meter (39), vacuum pump (40) and needle-valve (41), is mainly used in before SHOCK WAVE INDUCED fire trial starts, extracting the interior gas of protective housing (25) to vacuum, can be artificial in protective housing (25) pass into a certain amount of flammable premixed gas, the ignition process of the flammable premixed gas of SHOCK WAVE INDUCED producing during research high pressure gas leakage, high-potting gas both can be high pressure inflammable gas and also can be high pressure non-combustible gas, during research SHOCK WAVE INDUCED ignition process, first use the second vacuum pump system to extract the interior gas of protective housing (25) to vacuum state, then flammable premixed gas is passed in protective housing (25) by air intake opening (47), transparent glass window (24) is installed in the side, two of left and right of protective housing (25), quartz glass (44) is inner to windowpane (24) by flange setting-in, at windowpane (24) within sweep of the eye, the parallel light path that schlieren optical system produces is by this windowpane (24) for downstream line nozzle, protective housing end is offered Yishanmen (42), and for the outside setting of leaking environment and SHOCK WAVE INDUCED fire trial environment in downstream line (21) exit, the switching of door (42) operates by door handle (43), dynamic image recording system, is called again high speed schlieren camera system, mainly schlieren and high-speed camera (33), consists of, schlieren mainly consists of the following components: light source (26), focusing lens (27), first, second catoptron (28), (31), first, second concave mirror (29), (30) and the edge of a knife (32), when windowpane (24) field range is that flow field density in the certain distance of mouth of pipe downstream is when inhomogeneous, parallel beam by time there is deviation, in the schlieren edge of a knife (32) plane, produce a light source picture departing from, illumination on high-speed camera (33) object lens changes thereupon, thereby the variable density that shows qualitatively flow field, high-speed camera (33) reflects the formation of the outer shock wave of spout by recorded stream field density modified-image, spontaneous ignition, the development of jet variation and jet flames, data acquisition system (DAS) is mainly by pressure unit (16), the first pressure transducer (19), photodiode (20), the second pressure transducer (36) and data collecting instrument (34) form, it is upper that pressure unit (16) is arranged on high pressure storage tank (15), for measuring the situation of change of tank inner pressure, the first pressure transducer (19) and the photodiode (20) of some is equipped with respectively in the upper and lower both sides of downstream line, the first pressure transducer (19) is ICP pressure transducer, this ICP pressure transducer (19) changes for the pressure recording in pipeline, the formation and development of monitoring shock wave, a situation arises and the communication process of self-ignition light for detection of spontaneous ignition in pipeline for photodiode (20), the second pressure transducer (36) is for monitoring the situation of change of casing internal pressure, and the second pressure transducer (36) is ICP pressure transducer, by pressure unit (16), two ICP pressure transducers (19), (36) and the physical signalling surveyed of photodiode (20) all by data collecting instrument (34), carry out record, when pressure unit (16) measured value rapid drawdown or the first pressure transducer (19) measured value jump, output trigger pip, starting high-speed camera (33) starts working, electromagnetic valve controlling system mainly consists of solenoid control cabinet (35), in solenoid control cabinet, be provided with five electromagnetic valve switch S1-S5, control respectively first, second, the 3rd, the 4th, the 5th solenoid valve (7), (8), (9), (38), (46) switching.
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| CN103454396A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2013-12-18 | 中国科学技术大学 | Test device for high-pressure combustible gas leakage spontaneous combustion and shock wave induction ignition |
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| EP3848691A3 (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2021-10-06 | Kimball Electronics Indiana, Inc. | Imaging system for leak detection |
| CN113552169A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2021-10-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Device and method for testing characteristic parameters of combustible gas flowing and blasting process |
| CN113483982A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-10-08 | 北京科技大学 | Biological shock tube experiment system for simulating different scenes |
| CN115240525A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2022-10-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | High-pressure hydrogen jet fire simulation experiment equipment |
| CN113484026A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-10-08 | 上海交通大学 | Shock wave focusing ignition and corresponding ignition characteristic measuring device and method |
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