CN101456767A - Method for preparing composite coated slow-released fertilizer - Google Patents
Method for preparing composite coated slow-released fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101456767A CN101456767A CNA2007101508834A CN200710150883A CN101456767A CN 101456767 A CN101456767 A CN 101456767A CN A2007101508834 A CNA2007101508834 A CN A2007101508834A CN 200710150883 A CN200710150883 A CN 200710150883A CN 101456767 A CN101456767 A CN 101456767A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a composite envelope slow-release fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: firstly, pretreatment of inorganic envelope materials; secondly, pretreatment of organic envelope materials; thirdly, preparation of an adhesive; and fourthly, preparation of the composite envelope slow-release fertilizer. The method for preparing the composite envelope slow-release fertilizer is simple, and convenient to operate, and can prepare the high-efficiency and quick effective slow-release fertilizer, improve the utilization rate of crops, reduce environmental pollution caused by fertilizer application to the maximum degree, and improve the economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural fertilizer, especially a kind of preparation method of composite coated slow-released fertilizer.
Background technology
China is a large agricultural country, and populous cultivated area is few, produce more grain on limited soil, and using in a large number of fertilizer is inevitable.Fertilizer is the important leverage of increases in grain production, is " grain of grain ".Practice both domestic and external also proves in all volume increase factors, to have only rate of fertilizer application and grain yield linearly relevant (R=0.9431).The analysis of Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO points out that chemical fertilizer accounts for 50% to the contribution rate of increases in grain production in the world today.Along with the popularization of higher yield of crops kind, grain will be increasing to the dependency of fertilizer.China uses 9% arable land in the world, has supported 22% population in the world, and its major reason is China's fertilizer of about in the world 1/3, also is the most maximum country of applying fertilizer in the world.
The utilization ratio of China's chemical fertilizer is low, and especially the loss of nitrogenous fertilizer is serious, and the utilising efficiency of chemical fertilizer is on a declining curve.According to a large amount of test result analysis of China, this season utilization ratio of China's chemical fertilizer, nitrogen is about 30-35%, and phosphorus is about 10-20%, and potassium is about 35-50%.The loss especially severe of nitrogenous fertilizer wherein, the nonirrigated farmland is about 35-40%, and the paddy field can reach 50%, calculate with average loss 45%, 2,000 ten thousand tons of the annual applied nitrogens of China (pressing purity nitrogen calculates) lose 9,000,000 tons, be equivalent to more than 1,900 ten thousand tons of urea, amount to about 26,600,000,000 yuan of Renminbi, this numeral is startling.
Fertilizer utilization ratio reduces with the raising of rate of fertilizer application, more and more higher rate of fertilizer application, though can increase the ultimate production of grain, because fertilizer utilization ratio reduces significantly, the plant husbandry benefit obviously descends, and has a strong impact on peasant's income.Moreover, high rate of fertilizer application can cause the soil nutrient surplus, and nutrient has quickened lake eutrophication and ecological imbalance along with rainwater runs off, and has aggravated the pollution of environment.If adopt the fertilising new technology to make utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer improve 15%, be equivalent to save the urea about 30%, can retrieve nearly 8,000,000,000 yuan loss.Therefore, the science balance fertilizing, to improve utilization rate of fertilizer particularly important to China such fertilizer consumption big country.
In order to economize on resources, to preserve the ecological environment; people have had higher requirement to fertilizer utilization ratio; at this moment slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer arises at the historic moment; slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer is to use for reference medicine slowly-releasing theory in human body from method; at loss approach different behind the incorporation of fertilizerin the soil; the crop absorption characteristics; the release rate of suitable control nutrient; the release rate of fertilizer nutrient and the absorption rate of crop are matched; to reach the minimizing fertilizer loss; improve the crop utilization rate, reduce the environmental pollution that causes by fertilising to greatest extent, increase economic efficiency.
Coated fertilizer is a type of slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer, can be divided into inorganic coated fertilizer and organic coated fertilizer by the character of mould material; The existing bag of inorganic coated fertilizer Thio Urea, clay mineral (clay minerals such as diatomite, kaolin, potter's clay) coated fertilizer also have the made slow release fertilizer of fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate coating bicarbonate of ammonia etc.Organic coated fertilizer mainly refers to polymer coated fertilizer.Inorganic coated fertilizer general cost is lower, pollution-free but the controlled release time ratio is shorter, the controlled release time of organic coated fertilizer is long, but the cost height, use in a large number and may bring risk to edatope, and they all to be unsuitable for vegetative period such as corn, wheat be 6-8 month field crop.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of composite coated slow-released fertilizer preparation method is provided, this preparation method is simple, easy to operate, and the characteristic that prepared composite coated slow-released fertilizer has inorganic material film has the advantage of organic film material again, has solved the too short or long problem that is unsuitable for the field crop growth of present single organic or inorganic material coated fertilizer slow-release time.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of composite coated slow-released fertilizer preparation method, the preparation method of this composite coated slow-released fertilizer may further comprise the steps:
(1) inorganic coated fertilizer pre-treatment;
(2) organic coated material pre-treatment;
(3) preparation of caking agent;
(4) preparation of composite coated slow-released fertilizer.
And described inorganic coated fertilizer pre-treatment is that inorganic coated fertilizer is 65-85 ℃ of oven dry, with pulverizer pulverizing, 200 mesh sieves excessively.
And, described inorganic coated fertilizer is the mixture of mica or flyash or vermiculite or zeolite or kaolin or mud or grey calcium powder or talcum powder or cryolite powder or ground silica or dry powder or titanium dioxide or inorganic polynite or wilkinite or diatomite or Feldspar Powder or glass-cermic powder or silica powder or potter's clay or putty powder or dicalcium powder or light calcium carbonate powder or above-mentioned substance, and the blending ratio of mixture is an equal proportion.
And described organic coated material pre-treatment is solvent with acetone for being solute with the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, is dissolved with 90-110 gram chlorinated polyvinyl chloride in every liter of acetone.
And, described caking agent to be prepared as with shellac or rosin or shellac and rosiny mixture be solute, wherein the blending ratio of mixture is an equal proportion, is solvent with ethanol, is dissolved with 90-110 gram solute in every liter of solvent.
And the preparation process of described composite coated slow-released fertilizer comprises the steps
(1) take by weighing 70-90 weight part fertilizer and pour in the coating pan, machine and heat, the fertilizer surface temperature reaches 50-60 ℃ in pot;
(2) spray into caking agent 0.3-1 weight part, evenly be spilled into inorganic coated fertilizer 3～7 weight parts of powdered then, heating makes temperature maintenance at 50-60 ℃, makes inorganic coated fertilizer evenly be wrapped in the surface of fertilizer, repeat this step 3-4 time, promptly make inorganic coated fertilizer;
(3) spray into the organic coated material of 0.2-1 weight part again on obtained inorganic coated fertilizer, heating makes temperature maintenance at 50-60 ℃, makes organic coated material evenly be wrapped in the surface of fertilizer, repeats this step 2-3 time, promptly makes composite coated slow-released fertilizer.
And described fertilizer is nitrogenous fertilizer or phosphate fertilizer or potash fertilizer or composite fertilizer.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are:
1. this composite coated slow-released fertilizer preparation method is simple, easy to operate, utilizes this method can prepare efficient, quick-acting slow release fertilizers, improves the crop utilization rate, reduces the environmental pollution that is caused by fertilising to greatest extent, increases economic efficiency.
2. this composite coated slow-released fertilizer preparation method's film-coating technique adopts the mode of inorganic combination multilayer coating, the characteristic that promptly has inorganic material film has the advantage of organic film material again, solved the too short or long problem that is unsuitable for the field crop growth of present single organic or inorganic material coated fertilizer slow-release time, had great importance improving China's utilization rate of fertilizer.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail by following examples, but the technology contents that present embodiment is narrated is illustrative, rather than determinate, should not limit to protection scope of the present invention according to this.
A kind of composite coated slow-released fertilizer preparation method, the preparation method of this composite coated slow-released fertilizer may further comprise the steps:
(1) inorganic coated fertilizer pre-treatment;
(2) organic coated material pre-treatment;
(3) preparation of caking agent;
(4) preparation of composite coated slow-released fertilizer.
Above-mentioned inorganic coated fertilizer pre-treatment is that inorganic coated fertilizer is 65-85 ℃ of oven dry, with pulverizer pulverizing, 200 mesh sieves excessively.
Above-mentioned inorganic coated fertilizer is the mixture of mica or flyash or vermiculite or zeolite or kaolin or mud or grey calcium powder or talcum powder or cryolite powder or ground silica or dry powder or titanium dioxide or inorganic polynite or wilkinite or diatomite or Feldspar Powder or glass-cermic powder or silica powder or potter's clay or putty powder or dicalcium powder or light calcium carbonate powder or above-mentioned substance, and the blending ratio of mixture is an equal proportion.
Above-mentioned organic coated material pre-treatment is solvent with acetone for being solute with the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, is dissolved with 90-110 gram chlorinated polyvinyl chloride in every liter of acetone.
Above-mentioned caking agent to be prepared as with shellac or rosin or shellac and rosiny mixture be solute, wherein the blending ratio of mixture is an equal proportion, is solvent with ethanol, is dissolved with 90-110 gram solute in every liter of solvent.
The preparation process of above-mentioned composite coated slow-released fertilizer comprises the steps
(1) take by weighing 70-90 weight part fertilizer and pour in the coating pan, machine and heat, the fertilizer surface temperature reaches 50-60 ℃ in pot;
(2) spray into caking agent 0.3-1 weight part, evenly be spilled into inorganic coated fertilizer 3～7 weight parts of powdered then, heating makes temperature maintenance at 50-60 ℃, makes inorganic coated fertilizer evenly be wrapped in the surface of fertilizer, repeat this step 3-4 time, promptly make inorganic coated fertilizer;
(3) spray into the organic coated material of 0.2-1 weight part again on obtained inorganic coated fertilizer, heating makes temperature maintenance at 50-60 ℃, makes organic coated material evenly be wrapped in the surface of fertilizer, repeats this step 2-3 time, promptly makes composite coated slow-released fertilizer.
The fertilizer of the above is nitrogenous fertilizer or phosphate fertilizer or potash fertilizer or composite fertilizer.
Embodiment 1
A kind of composite coated slow-released fertilizer preparation method, the preparation method of this composite coated slow-released fertilizer may further comprise the steps:
(1) inorganic coated fertilizer pre-treatment;
Inorganic coated fertilizer pre-treatment is that inorganic coated fertilizer is 65 ℃ of oven dry, with pulverizer pulverizing, 200 mesh sieves excessively.
(2) organic coated material pre-treatment;
Organic coated material pre-treatment is solvent with acetone for being solute with the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, is dissolved with 90 gram chlorinated polyvinyl chloride in every liter of acetone.
(3) preparation of caking agent;
Caking agent to be prepared as with shellac or rosin or shellac and rosiny mixture be solute, wherein the blending ratio of mixture is an equal proportion, is solvent with ethanol, is dissolved with 90 gram solutes in every liter of solvent.
(4) preparation of composite coated slow-released fertilizer;
1. take by weighing 70 weight part fertilizer and pour in the coating pan, machine and heat, the fertilizer surface temperature reaches 50 ℃ in pot;
2. spray into caking agent 0.3 weight part, evenly be spilled into inorganic coated fertilizer 3 weight parts of powdered then, heating makes temperature maintenance at 50 ℃, makes inorganic coated fertilizer evenly be wrapped in the surface of fertilizer, repeats this step 4 time, promptly makes inorganic coated fertilizer;
3. spray into the organic coated material of 0.2 weight part on obtained inorganic coated fertilizer again, heating makes temperature maintenance at 50 ℃, makes organic coated material evenly be wrapped in the surface of fertilizer, repeats this step 3 time, promptly makes composite coated slow-released fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
A kind of composite coated slow-released fertilizer preparation method, the preparation method of this composite coated slow-released fertilizer may further comprise the steps:
(1) inorganic coated fertilizer pre-treatment;
Inorganic coated fertilizer pre-treatment is that inorganic coated fertilizer is 75 ℃ of oven dry, with pulverizer pulverizing, 200 mesh sieves excessively.
(2) organic coated material pre-treatment;
Organic coated material pre-treatment is solvent with acetone for being solute with the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, is dissolved with 100 gram chlorinated polyvinyl chloride in every liter of acetone.
(3) preparation of caking agent;
Caking agent to be prepared as with shellac or rosin or shellac and rosiny mixture be solute, wherein the blending ratio of mixture is an equal proportion, is solvent with ethanol, is dissolved with 100 gram solutes in every liter of solvent.
(4) preparation of composite coated slow-released fertilizer;
1. take by weighing 80 weight part fertilizer and pour in the coating pan, machine and heat, the fertilizer surface temperature reaches 55 ℃ in pot;
2. spray into caking agent 0.5 weight part, evenly be spilled into inorganic coated fertilizer 4 weight parts of powdered then, heating makes temperature maintenance at 55 ℃, makes inorganic coated fertilizer evenly be wrapped in the surface of fertilizer, repeats this step 3 time, promptly makes inorganic coated fertilizer;
3. spray into the organic coated material of 0.5 weight part on obtained inorganic coated fertilizer again, heating makes temperature maintenance at 55 ℃, makes organic coated material evenly be wrapped in the surface of fertilizer, repeats this step 2 time, promptly makes composite coated slow-released fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
A kind of composite coated slow-released fertilizer preparation method, the preparation method of this composite coated slow-released fertilizer may further comprise the steps:
(1) inorganic coated fertilizer pre-treatment;
Inorganic coated fertilizer pre-treatment is that inorganic coated fertilizer is 85 ℃ of oven dry, with pulverizer pulverizing, 200 mesh sieves excessively.
(2) organic coated material pre-treatment;
Organic coated material pre-treatment is solvent with acetone for being solute with the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, is dissolved with 110 gram chlorinated polyvinyl chloride in every liter of acetone.
(3) preparation of caking agent;
Caking agent to be prepared as with shellac or rosin or shellac and rosiny mixture be solute, wherein the blending ratio of mixture is an equal proportion, is solvent with ethanol, is dissolved with 110 gram solutes in every liter of solvent.
(4) preparation of composite coated slow-released fertilizer;
1. take by weighing 90 weight part fertilizer and pour in the coating pan, machine and heat, the fertilizer surface temperature reaches 60 ℃ in pot;
2. spray into caking agent 1 weight part, evenly be spilled into inorganic coated fertilizer 7 weight parts of powdered then, heating makes temperature maintenance at 60 ℃, makes inorganic coated fertilizer evenly be wrapped in the surface of fertilizer, repeats this step 3 time, promptly makes inorganic coated fertilizer;
3. spray into the organic coated material of 1 weight part on obtained inorganic coated fertilizer again, heating makes temperature maintenance at 60 ℃, makes organic coated material evenly be wrapped in the surface of fertilizer, repeats this step 2 time, promptly makes composite coated slow-released fertilizer.
Claims (7)
1. composite coated slow-released fertilizer preparation method, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of this composite coated slow-released fertilizer may further comprise the steps:
(1) inorganic coated fertilizer pre-treatment;
(2) organic coated material pre-treatment;
(3) preparation of caking agent;
(4) preparation of composite coated slow-released fertilizer.
2. composite coated slow-released fertilizer preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described inorganic coated fertilizer pre-treatment is that inorganic coated fertilizer is 65-85 ℃ of oven dry, with pulverizer pulverizing, 200 mesh sieves excessively.
3. composite coated slow-released fertilizer preparation method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described inorganic coated fertilizer is the mixture of mica or flyash or vermiculite or zeolite or kaolin or mud or grey calcium powder or talcum powder or cryolite powder or ground silica or dry powder or titanium dioxide or inorganic polynite or wilkinite or diatomite or Feldspar Powder or glass-cermic powder or silica powder or potter's clay or putty powder or dicalcium powder or light calcium carbonate powder or above-mentioned substance, and the blending ratio of mixture is an equal proportion.
4. composite coated slow-released fertilizer preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described organic coated material pre-treatment is solvent with acetone for being solute with the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, is dissolved with 90-110 gram chlorinated polyvinyl chloride in every liter of acetone.
5. composite coated slow-released fertilizer preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described caking agent to be prepared as with shellac or rosin or shellac and rosiny mixture be solute, wherein the blending ratio of mixture is an equal proportion, with ethanol is solvent, is dissolved with 90-110 gram solute in every liter of solvent.
6. composite coated slow-released fertilizer preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the preparation process of described composite coated slow-released fertilizer comprises the steps
(1) take by weighing 70-90 weight part fertilizer and pour in the coating pan, machine and heat, the fertilizer surface temperature reaches 50-60 ℃ in pot;
(2) spray into caking agent 0.3-1 weight part, evenly be spilled into inorganic coated fertilizer 3～7 weight parts of powdered then, heating makes temperature maintenance at 50-60 ℃, makes inorganic coated fertilizer evenly be wrapped in the surface of fertilizer, repeat this step 3-4 time, promptly make inorganic coated fertilizer;
(3) spray into the organic coated material of 0.2-1 weight part again on obtained inorganic coated fertilizer, heating makes temperature maintenance at 50-60 ℃, makes organic coated material evenly be wrapped in the surface of fertilizer, repeats this step 2-3 time, promptly makes composite coated slow-released fertilizer.
7. composite coated slow-released fertilizer preparation method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described fertilizer is nitrogenous fertilizer or phosphate fertilizer or potash fertilizer or composite fertilizer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2007101508834A CN101456767A (en) | 2007-12-11 | 2007-12-11 | Method for preparing composite coated slow-released fertilizer |
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| CNA2007101508834A CN101456767A (en) | 2007-12-11 | 2007-12-11 | Method for preparing composite coated slow-released fertilizer |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102826894A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2012-12-19 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | Double-coating spherical fertilizer and its preparation method |
| CN102918980A (en) * | 2012-11-11 | 2013-02-13 | 河南农业大学 | Method for applying base fertilizer and additional fertilizer by special slow controlled release urea for winter wheat and summer maize crop-rotation field |
| CN103143323A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-12 | 南京师范大学 | Modified organic bentonite coated material for adsorbing chromium and arsenic and preparation method thereof |
| CN103524246A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-22 | 烟台众德集团有限公司 | Production process of suspending calcium dual-phase reaction organic fertilizer |
| CN103772010A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-05-07 | 北京仁创三会农业科技有限公司 | Enveloped controlled-release fertilizer taking silica sand as membrane and preparation method of fertilizer |
| CN104262050A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-01-07 | 中原工学院 | Method for preparing slow-release chemical fertilizer by using coal gangue powder |
| CN104261985A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-01-07 | 中原工学院 | Method for preparing slow-release fertilizer from fly ash |
| CN106007952A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-12 | 太仓市雅丰农场专业合作社 | Microelement-rich organic-inorganic slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106116803A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-16 | 安庆市富江水产养殖有限公司 | One seed shrimp Eriocheir sinensis cultivating pool pasture and water special fertilizer |
| CN109232090A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-18 | 华北电力大学（保定） | A kind of environmentally friendly flyash film-coated and slow release fertilizer and preparation method |
| CN113582754A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-11-02 | 烟台市烟农富邦肥料科技有限公司 | Slow-release potassium fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
-
2007
- 2007-12-11 CN CNA2007101508834A patent/CN101456767A/en active Pending
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102826894A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2012-12-19 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | Double-coating spherical fertilizer and its preparation method |
| CN102918980A (en) * | 2012-11-11 | 2013-02-13 | 河南农业大学 | Method for applying base fertilizer and additional fertilizer by special slow controlled release urea for winter wheat and summer maize crop-rotation field |
| CN102918980B (en) * | 2012-11-11 | 2014-03-19 | 河南农业大学 | Method for applying base fertilizer and additional fertilizer by special slow controlled release urea for winter wheat and summer maize crop-rotation field |
| CN103143323A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-12 | 南京师范大学 | Modified organic bentonite coated material for adsorbing chromium and arsenic and preparation method thereof |
| CN103524246B (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2015-08-26 | 烟台众德集团有限公司 | A kind of suspension calcium biphasic reaction organic fertilizer production technique |
| CN103524246A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-22 | 烟台众德集团有限公司 | Production process of suspending calcium dual-phase reaction organic fertilizer |
| CN103772010A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-05-07 | 北京仁创三会农业科技有限公司 | Enveloped controlled-release fertilizer taking silica sand as membrane and preparation method of fertilizer |
| CN104262050A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-01-07 | 中原工学院 | Method for preparing slow-release chemical fertilizer by using coal gangue powder |
| CN104261985A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-01-07 | 中原工学院 | Method for preparing slow-release fertilizer from fly ash |
| CN106007952A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-12 | 太仓市雅丰农场专业合作社 | Microelement-rich organic-inorganic slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106116803A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-16 | 安庆市富江水产养殖有限公司 | One seed shrimp Eriocheir sinensis cultivating pool pasture and water special fertilizer |
| CN109232090A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-18 | 华北电力大学（保定） | A kind of environmentally friendly flyash film-coated and slow release fertilizer and preparation method |
| CN113582754A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-11-02 | 烟台市烟农富邦肥料科技有限公司 | Slow-release potassium fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Open date: 20090617 |