CN101451823A - Symmetrical laser displacement sensor - Google Patents
Symmetrical laser displacement sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101451823A CN101451823A CNA2008102365175A CN200810236517A CN101451823A CN 101451823 A CN101451823 A CN 101451823A CN A2008102365175 A CNA2008102365175 A CN A2008102365175A CN 200810236517 A CN200810236517 A CN 200810236517A CN 101451823 A CN101451823 A CN 101451823A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a laser displacement sensor for detecting object displacement, in particular, detecting road quality indexes like pavement evenness, pavement structure depth, which is composed of a left, right laser displacement sensor and a common laser provided therebetween, a set of imaging lenses and a photoelectric receiver are respectively provided within the left, right laser displacement sensor in a direction of an imaging optical axis. While in operation, an alignment laser beam emitted by the laser is irradiates over the coarse surface of a detected object to form scattered luminous spots at the irradiating spot, the left, right imaging lenses image over left, right photoelectric receivers with the scattered luminous spots, respectively, to attain left, right two sets of image spots, afterwards, by data processing, positions of the left, right image spots on image surfaces of the photoelectric receivers can be obtained, at last, in accordance with the positions of the image points and by means of corresponding data processing methods, displacement on the surface of the detected object can be attained.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the photoelectric measuring device technical field, the photoelectric detection system that relates to a kind of ohject displacement and relevant quality index thereof, particularly a kind of laser displacement sensor that can be used for detecting road quality indexs such as surface evenness, rut, surface deformation disease, pavement structural depth.
Background technology
Be used for the laser displacement sensor that ohject displacement detects at present, generally all adopt the triangle image-forming principle to realize, the principal feature of the type sensor be simple in structure, precision is high, detect the sample frequency height, its detection resolution and precision can be determined by adjusting structural parameters according to request for utilization, can satisfy the detection of high-speed moving object, so the laser displacement sensor of the type is used widely at aspects such as industrial displacement detecting, thickness detection, SHAPE DETECTION and vibration detection.Equally, in the multinomial quality index of road detected, in detecting as indexs such as the flatness on road surface, rut, construction depths, the laser displacement sensor of the type also obtained widely applying.These quality index detect, run at acceptance of engineering quality in the maintenance detection of road, all are very important detection contents.
Different is in application facet such as industrial detection or experimental study detections with laser displacement sensor, and the laser displacement sensor that is used for Road Detection will face service condition and change more problems such as harshness of many, environment for use.Industrial laser displacement sensor is generally in indoor use, as size detection on the various production lines etc., the environment for use condition changes little on every side, basically there is not the interference of sunshine, testee surface reflectivity variation range is little, scattering ratio is more even, and measured surface is also smoother comparatively speaking, contamination-free etc., need not to take other special measure just can reach request for utilization to the laser displacement sensor structure in using so detect at this type of.But in Road Detection, it is complicated many that the actual state of road surfaces is but wanted, and do not have fixedly rule and can follow.Known road surface is divided into bituminous pavement and cement pavement by paver.For cement pavement, the reflection strength of road surfaces is more even in general, but also has the special local minute surface and the material of high reflectance; In addition, cement pavement also exist through special processing manually scribe groove (being commonly referred to pavement structural depth), these grooves of manually scribing can be used for improving pavement skid resistance condition.More than these situations adopting laser displacement sensor to detect the road surface index, when particularly detecting pavement structural depth, just must take measures necessary to reduce or to eliminate the influence that various unfavorable factors cause.For bituminous pavement, situation is just more complicated, exist except the road surface the situations such as bellding, all contaminations (as oily thing etc.) and pavement patching, the polishing that the grating design variation on asphalt roads surface makes that the grain size on road surface differs, the road surface, back is used on the markings on the difference of road surface materials used, the structural configurations degree of depth, road surface and road surface for a long time etc. all exert an influence to the accuracy of detection of laser displacement sensor.
From theoretical analysis and actual state, no matter be which kind of tested road surface, also no matter whether its material, color, reflectivity, surfaceness etc. be even, it mainly shows the influence that testing result causes: behind the surface laser scattering point process optical imagery lens imaging, the size of its picture point, shape, light intensity are random variation strictly, and the hot spot of imaging is not symmetrically.In laser displacement sensor, the asymmetric distribution of picture point hot spot is the main factor that influences the laser displacement sensor precision on the image planes.In addition, another key factor that influences the laser displacement sensor accuracy of detection is the photoelectric characteristic of the photoelectricity receiving chip in this sensor.When the receiving chip of laser displacement sensor adopts CCD (photoelectric coupled device) chip, because CCD chip commonly used is when illumination is very strong, can produce saturated conditions of streaking, and directly cause the greatly asymmetric of picture point hot spot thus, this can produce very big influence to testing result, seriously reduces accuracy of detection.
For overcoming the influence that causes the picture point hot spot asymmetry on the laser displacement sensor image planes that displacement detecting is produced owing to aforementioned various factors, the way of present technique field employing at present roughly has following several situation:
(1). adopt the antisaturation chip, in order to the conditions of streaking of the saturated generation of elimination chip, but this method also can't reduce the testee surface because of reflecting detection error inhomogeneous or that cause because of roughness is inhomogeneous;
(2). in industrial detection according to different testee surface reflection situations, clocklike difform hot spot according to its generation, adopt different data processing methods to improve accuracy of detection, this is stable to the workplace, the surperficial situation clocklike of testee is fully passable, but, equally also exist because the measuring error of the asymmetric generation of hot spot to the Road Detection aspect that the measured surface reflection case can't be known in advance;
(3). improve sample frequency, the result that obtains of sampling once before the utilization, the reflective light intensity of analysis and judgement body surface is adjusted the intensity of laser instrument emitted laser bundle then in good time, to reduce because the measuring error that the reflective light intensity variation produces greatly.This method has improved to a large extent because the error of saturated generation, but still can't fundamentally solve since body surface the laser facula scattering among a small circle in reflectivity different and owing to have surface particles to change to cause the measuring error of factor generations such as imaging facula is asymmetric.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to the problem that prior art exists is solved, provide a kind of rational in infrastructure, easy to use, can reduce even eliminate the measuring error of or asymmetric generation inhomogeneous and then effectively improve the symmetrical expression laser displacement sensor of displacement detecting precision owing to imaging facula.
Be used to realize that the technical solution of foregoing invention purpose is such: the symmetrical expression laser displacement sensor that is provided has a flat box shaped shell, at housing inner chamber middle part a laser instrument that can outwards send collimated laser beam is housed, respectively be provided with a laser displacement sensor (left side in laser instrument both sides symmetry, right laser displacement sensor), said laser displacement sensor is located at photelectric receiver (CCD behind the imaging lens by an imaging lens that is used for the detection laser irradiation position and one, CMOS or PSD) form, the shared same laser instrument of laser displacement sensor, collimated laser beam axis that laser instrument sends and two laser displacement sensor imaging optical axises are in the same plane and are positioned on the bisector of angle of two laser displacement sensor imaging between centers.In the real work, the collimated laser beam that laser instrument sends shines the rough surface of testee, forms scattering hot spot, hot spot left-right symmetric (hot spot is the center symmetric form in general) at point of irradiation; The imaging lens of left side laser displacement sensor obtains one group of picture point with the imaging on left photelectric receiver of scattering hot spot, and the imaging lens of right laser displacement sensor obtains another group picture point also with the imaging on right photelectric receiver of scattering hot spot simultaneously; Pass through data processing afterwards, can obtain the position of left and right sides picture point on the image planes photelectric receiver, after handling at last, promptly can obtain the displacement on testee surface according to the position of picture point and by corresponding data processing methods (behind symcenter method, hot spot gravity model appoach, hot spot forward position method and the hot spot along method etc.).
Compared with prior art, the present invention is symmetrical arranged the also mode of shared same laser instrument by two laser displacement sensors, one-shot measurement obtains (left and right sides picture point) two groups of data of symmetry, after adopting data processing method to calculate, just can obviously reduce even eliminate owing to the inhomogeneous or asymmetric measuring error that produces of imaging facula, effectively improve the displacement detecting precision of laser level sensor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a specific embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the side-looking structural representation of photelectric receiver part.
Fig. 3 is the fundamental diagram of symmetrical expression laser displacement sensor.
Fig. 4 is the imaging schematic diagram of photelectric receiver symmetrical expression laser displacement sensor when saturated phenomenon occurring.
Fig. 5 is the imaging schematic diagram of tested surface scattering hot spot symmetrical expression laser displacement sensor when asymmetric.
Each label is respectively in the accompanying drawing: 1-housing, 2-plug, 3-circuit board; 4-laser instrument, 5-photelectric receiver, 5a-chip holder; 5b-photoelectricity receiving chip (CCD chip); 5C-die attach flag, 6-imaging lens, 6a-object lens; 6b-optical filter; 6c-lens barrel, 6d-cover glass sheet, 6e-cover glass trim ring; 6f-camera lens is placed slotted eye; 7-compress the adjustment screw, 8-compress adjustment screw, 9-O-ring seal; 10-cover plate; 11-tested object plane, I-left laser displacement sensor, II-right laser displacement sensor.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing content of the present invention is described further, but actual fabrication structure of the present invention is not limited in illustrated embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 1, symmetrical expression laser displacement sensor of the present invention is formed by being installed in left laser displacement sensor I, the right laser displacement sensor II in the housing 1 and being arranged between the two and by the two shared laser instrument 4, the collimated laser beam axis that laser instrument 4 sends is positioned on the bisector of angle of left and right laser displacement sensor I, II imaging between centers, in left and right laser displacement sensor I, II, respectively be provided with one and form, respectively be provided with a photelectric receiver 5 respectively at the rear of two imaging camera lenses 6 as camera lens 6 along the imaging direction of principal axis.In the concrete structure design, laser instrument 4 is arranged on housing 1 lumen centers vertical pivot position by compressing adjustment screw 7, its installation site can be adjusted up and down along the center vertical pivot, makes laser instrument 4 adjust the location up and down along the direction of arrow among the figure thus and makes laser instrument 4 adjust the location up and down along the direction of arrow among the figure thus; Respectively be provided with the camera lens placement slotted eye 6f that a wall directly is a bit larger tham imaging lens 6 external diameters in laser instrument 4 both sides, the imaging lens of being made up of object lens 6a, optical filter 6b, lens barrel 6c, cover glass sheet 6d, cover glass trim ring 6e 6 is located in the camera lens placement slotted eye 6f by a plurality of adjustment screws 8 that compress, its installation site can be adjusted along the above-below direction and the left and right sides yawing moment of imaging optical axis, makes the imaging lens 6 can be along oblique up arrow direction and the β angular direction location that adjust among the figure thus; The structure of photelectric receiver 5 can be referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, it adopts the CCD chip, after being arranged on imaging lens 6, form by chip holder (CCD chip holder) 5a and photoelectricity receiving chip (CCD chip) 5b etc. that is installed on the chip holder 5a, have the positioning screw hole on the chip holder 5a, the photoelectricity receiving chip 5b that is installed on the chip holder 5a is adjusted along the fore-and-aft direction and the left and right sides yawing moment (a direction among Fig. 1) thereof of arrow indication among the figure by the positioning screw.
The principle of work of this symmetrical expression laser displacement sensor is as shown in Figure 3: the collimated laser beam that laser instrument 4 sends shines the rough surface of testee, forms the scattering hot spot at point of irradiation, and its distribution magnitude range is CAB, the hot spot left-right symmetric; Left side imaging lens obtains picture point C with the imaging on photelectric receiver 5 of scattering hot spot
1B
1, right imaging lens obtains picture point C with the imaging on photelectric receiver of scattering hot spot
2B
2By Flame Image Process, can obtain the position of left and right sides picture point on image planes photelectric receiver 5; According to the position of picture point, can obtain the displacement on testee surface by data processing.Usually, judge that the method for picture point position on the photoelectricity receiving chip has hot spot forward position method, behind the hot spot along method, symcenter method, hot spot gravity model appoach etc.When the thing surface scattering was even, the hot spot of imaging was symmetrical in general.In this case, the method for calculating image point position can adopt symcenter method and hot spot gravity model appoach; Also can adopt the position of calculating picture point behind hot spot forward position method and the hot spot along method, its result only differs from an amount of bias, calculates and do not influence displacement.Sensing range that alphabetical H is designated as among the figure, down together.
Figure 4 shows that symmetrical expression laser displacement sensor imaging schematic diagram when saturated phenomenon appears in photelectric receiver.When the body surface scattered light is very strong when causing the photelectric receiver chip saturated, conditions of streaking often appears in the imaging facula on the photelectric receiver chip, promptly on the photelectric receiver chip, that the direction that hot spot increases to the pixel number increases is more (among Fig. 40, N represents the 1st pixel and N pixel of photelectric receiver respectively).In Fig. 4, the imaging facula of A point on left and right photelectric receiver 5 is to F
1, F
2It is more that direction increases.In this case, no matter be to adopt the symcenter method or adopt the hot spot gravity model appoach, calculate the body surface displacement according to image point position and often produce than large deviation.As seen from Figure 4, the displacement that the picture point hot spot on the right photoelectric chip is measured according to gravity model appoach is lower than tested surface, and its size is h
2, the displacement that the picture point hot spot on the left photoelectric chip is measured according to gravity model appoach is higher than tested surface, and its size is h
1, obviously, h
1And h
2Mean value can effectively reduce or eliminate measuring error.
Body surface imaging facula skewness on the photelectric receiver chip or asymmetric situation occur as shown in Figure 5 owing to scattering is inhomogeneous, (the scattering hot spot when the body surface scattering is even is CAB when imaging only occurring in the AB scope, see Fig. 3), the picture point scope of corresponding left laser displacement sensor is A
1B
1, the picture point scope of corresponding right laser displacement sensor is A2B2.In this case, no matter be to adopt the symcenter method or adopt the hot spot gravity model appoach, calculate the body surface displacement according to image point position and often produce than large deviation.As seen from Figure 5, the displacement that the picture point hot spot on the right photoelectric chip is measured according to gravity model appoach (additive method can have same analysis result) is lower than tested surface, and its size is h
2, the displacement that the picture point hot spot on the left photoelectric chip is measured according to gravity model appoach is higher than tested surface, and its size is h
1, obviously, h
1And h
2Mean value can effectively reduce or eliminate measuring error.
Other situations in the actual measurement can be summed up as above two kinds of situations simply.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of symmetrical expression laser displacement sensor, it is characterized in that having a flat box shaped shell (1), at housing (1) inner chamber middle part a laser instrument (4) that can outwards send collimated laser beam is housed, symmetry respectively is provided with a laser displacement sensor (I on laser instrument (4) both sides, II), said laser displacement sensor (I, II) photelectric receiver (5) that is located at behind the imaging lens (6) by an imaging lens (6) that is used for the detection laser irradiation position and is formed, laser displacement sensor (I, II) shared same laser instrument (4), collimated laser beam axis that laser instrument (4) sends and two laser displacement sensor (I, II) the imaging optical axis is in the same plane and is positioned at two laser displacement sensor (I, II) on the bisector of the angle of imaging between centers.
2, symmetrical expression laser displacement sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that laser instrument (4) is arranged on housing (1) lumen centers vertical pivot position by compressing adjustment screw (7), and its installation site can be adjusted up and down along the center vertical pivot; Respectively be provided with the camera lens placement slotted eye (6f) that a wall directly is a bit larger tham imaging lens (6) external diameter in laser instrument (4) both sides, imaging lens (6) is located in the camera lens placement slotted eye (6f) by a plurality of adjustment screws (8) that compress, and its installation site can be adjusted along the above-below direction and the left and right sides yawing moment of imaging optical axis; After photelectric receiver (5) is arranged on imaging lens (6), form by chip holder (5a) and the photoelectricity receiving chip (5b) that is installed on the chip holder (5a), have the positioning screw hole on the chip holder (5a), the photoelectricity receiving chip (5b) that is installed on the chip holder (5a) is adjusted along fore-and-aft direction and left and right sides yawing moment thereof by the positioning screw.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008102365175A CN101451823A (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2008-12-30 | Symmetrical laser displacement sensor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008102365175A CN101451823A (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2008-12-30 | Symmetrical laser displacement sensor |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102535482A (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2012-07-04 | 中冶建工集团有限公司 | Cubic meter of earth and stone leveling method |
| CN104422393A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2015-03-18 | 中国兵器工业第二0二研究所 | Laser sensor measuring displacement |
| CN105444679A (en) * | 2015-11-14 | 2016-03-30 | 上海砺晟光电技术有限公司 | Symmetric laser displacement sensor capable of inhibiting laser drift and surface tilting |
| CN112195733A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-08 | 刘胜 | Highway maintenance is with detection device that can automatic identification road surface is damaged |
-
2008
- 2008-12-30 CN CNA2008102365175A patent/CN101451823A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102535482A (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2012-07-04 | 中冶建工集团有限公司 | Cubic meter of earth and stone leveling method |
| CN104422393A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2015-03-18 | 中国兵器工业第二0二研究所 | Laser sensor measuring displacement |
| CN104422393B (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2017-04-19 | 中国兵器工业第二0二研究所 | Laser sensor measuring displacement |
| CN105444679A (en) * | 2015-11-14 | 2016-03-30 | 上海砺晟光电技术有限公司 | Symmetric laser displacement sensor capable of inhibiting laser drift and surface tilting |
| CN105444679B (en) * | 2015-11-14 | 2019-02-15 | 上海砺晟光电技术有限公司 | It can inhibit the inclined symmetrical laser displacement sensor of laser drift and surface |
| CN112195733A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-08 | 刘胜 | Highway maintenance is with detection device that can automatic identification road surface is damaged |
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Open date: 20090610 |