CN101451274A - China grass degumming and carding continues production process - Google Patents
China grass degumming and carding continues production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN101451274A CN101451274A CNA2007101686545A CN200710168654A CN101451274A CN 101451274 A CN101451274 A CN 101451274A CN A2007101686545 A CNA2007101686545 A CN A2007101686545A CN 200710168654 A CN200710168654 A CN 200710168654A CN 101451274 A CN101451274 A CN 101451274A
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Abstract
The invention relates to technology for ramie degumming and carding processing, in particular to a production process for continuous ramie degumming and carding. The novel production process is designed according to the processing characteristics of ramie. The process has main characteristic of realizing ramie degumming, carding mechanization and continuous production, thereby saving mass personnel, water, electricity, gas, chemical engineering materials and machine materials; and the process can still keep fiber parallel, straight and untidy, overcomes the problems that a ramie roaster, a carding opener and a steel wire machine seriously damage fibers, improves the manufacturing rate of ramie stripes by 20 to 30 percent so that the processing cost for the ramie strips is reduced by 40 to 50 percent, and reduces pollution of mass wastewater and waste gas on social environment simultaneously.
Description
The invention belongs to a kind of to natural fabrics such as ramie, hemp carry out that glue comes unstuck, the serialization of combing set frame tool is produced treatment technology.
One, purpose and meaning
Ramie is the national treasure of China, is the precious legacy that the ancestor leaves us for, because that ramee has is powerful high, antibiotic property is strong, advantage such as absorbs and to distribute moisture content fast, and it is not next to the shin to perspire.China people just begin to utilize ramee to make clothes before more than 6000 years.Over nearly more than 100 years, cotton is along with the industrialized process in west has realized mechanization production, and ramie but can only rely on manual production.China falls behind situation in the 60-70 age in order to change this, has organized research of technique, uses other textile production process and equipment such as jute, wool, silk spinning, has realized ramie semi-hand, semi-mechanization production with piecing together.Because this technology and equipment are not to design according to ramie self machining characteristics, therefore not only technological process is long, the combing of coming unstuck has reached 32 procedures, production efficiency is low, a people can only produce 7 kilograms of left and right sides ramie stripes, poor product quality, particularly flax stamping device in one day, the straight fiber of script has been become a pile tangled skein of jute, pass through opener again, the strong combing of steel wire machine card wire has been combed long fiber into staple fibre, a large amount of short flannels and fiber crops knot have also been produced, therefore the row yielding of coming unstuck has only 60%, and the row yielding of combing has only 52%, the production cost height, the production cost of ramie stripes per ton is up to more than 10,000 yuan, be more than a times of cotton processing cost, this production technology that falls behind very much over more than 30 year, does not have bigger change so far, make the ramie of China produce great fall, the danger of now being cleaned out fully in addition.Therefore work out technology and the equipment that meets ramie self processing characteristic, realize that ramie complete mechanicalization, serialization production are required urgency problems to be solved during present ramie produces.
Two, the subject matter that exists at present and the main path of solution
In order to address the above problem, since the eighties, many entity and individual have also carried out the research of this respect, and former Huangshi ramie textile printing and dyeing mill spent water dresser of more than 160 ten thousand dollars of imports from Switzerland in 85 years, but because roller is serious and can't work around fiber crops.The beginning of the nineties, 608 institutes and Zhuzhou ramie textile printing and dyeing mill unite the banded degummed ramie production line of trial-production, go through more than 4 years, spend more than 1,000 ten thousand yuan, but owing to roller is proceeded down around fiber crops and relatively poor the failing of product quality, there is a research institute in Sichuan on the basis of Switzerland's water dresser, improved and manufactured experimently out a fibre separating machine, occurred equally around fiber crops, the phenomenon of stifled fiber crops, card fiber crops is failed so far to popularize in an all-round way and is used, Hunan ramie research institute, units such as Donghua University have manufactured experimently the ramie stretch breaking machine, equally also exist roller around numb problem.
In order to address the above problem, we adopt and strengthen roller diameter in the process of trial-production " degumming machine for ramie ", change laura shape, adjust roller gauge and spring pressure, increase a series of measures such as scraping plate and water injector, overcome the problem of roller finally around fiber crops.Through our the small lot trial production more than 3 years, fully proved this machine reliable operation, mechanical breakdown is very low.Basically can realize large batch of production requirement.
Three, integrated artistic conceptual design
(1) design overall target
After raw ramie is handled through softening, from raw ramie system bar, to the grilling bar, all realize mechanization serialization production, again through a grilling, a combing just can enter mixing in doubling step, in the operation of back, reduces a recombing and a grilling.
In process of production, according to the ramee machining characteristics, it is parallel straight to remain flax fibre, not in disorder, under the prerequisite of not damaging fiber, realize four big tasks simultaneously: the one, remove cull impurity, the 2nd, fiber is thoroughly separated, the 3rd, fiber is arrived certain length according to the crush cutting that requires of spinning, the 4th, to the deviation of weight of grilling, heavy inequality, bar are done uneven rate and should be able to be controlled.Product quality should satisfy spinning requirement.Improve ramie stripes row yielding 20-30%, save personnel 70-85%, save water, electricity, gas 20-50%.Save ramie stripes production cost 40-50%, reduce waste water, waste gas pollution 40-50% social environment.
In order to realize above-mentioned target: existing China grass degumming, carding process and equipment all must be eliminated the production technology and the equipment that make new advances from new design except that gill box, combing machine, softener.
(2) process route design principle:
1. softening: the raw ramie softening operation of at first stimulating the menstrual flow, raw ramie its objective is in order to be removed 5～7% impurity by rolling repeatedly of soft machine roller, flax fibre can be carried out the part separation and be beneficial to carry out kiering, reduce the caustic soda consumption, shorten the kiering time and improve the uniformity.
2. raw ramie system bar: raw ramie is made ramie stripes with the method for machinery, its objective is in order to help realizing that the kiering serialization produces, help controlling the heavy deviation of ramie stripes, bar is done inhomogeneous, improves the uniformity of ramie stripes.
3. boiling-off continuously: the new method that the up-to-date microorganism of developing of this process using combines with chemical Degumming, microbiological treatment 1-2 hour, chemical kiering 1-2 hour, and be in normal pressure and temperature, to carry out (being about kiering temperature 100 degree).Can save coal consumption 50-70%.
4. adopt own up-to-date " degumming machine for ramie " developed to replace flax stamping device, adopt the bleaching machine of own up-to-date development, the peracid machine, " water reason stretch breaking machine " replace floating, acid, wash combination machine, adopt own up-to-date development " oil taw-to-yarn press drier " to replace " automatic oil feed machine " and " Water Extraction Machinery ", thereby just can realize copying fiber crops, float pickling, dewater, tremble numb oil supply, de-oiled water, tremble the serialization production of operations such as fiber crops.And fiber is carried out repeatedly water reason drawing-off and oil taw-to-yarn, make ramee become the filament state, and make banded degummed ramie.
5. dynamic drying machine makes fiber constantly rubbing with the hands under the state of gentle motion, promptly dries under fluffy state, thereby overcomes the phenomenon that fiber glues again owing to oven dry.
6. own up-to-date development " ramie strip making machine with drawing and gilling functions ", it unites two into one drawing machine and gill box, is linked to be an integral body, has not only improved the output of drawing machine, simultaneously by the gill box slivering, to further combing of fiber.
Adopted " ramie strip making machine with drawing and gilling functions " to replace opener, steel is practiced machine, 211 drawing machines, and 304 gill boxes, thus realized combing system bar serialization production.
(3) China grass degumming, combing continuous production technology route:
Raw ramie → softening → system bar → microorganism or chemical treatment → kiering → pressure fiber crops → bleaching → peracid → water reason drawing-off → oil taw-to-yarn → 12 procedures such as oven dry → drawing-off grilling system bar.This process route is compared with the carding process that comes unstuck and has been reduced by 13 procedures.Reduced 50%.
Generally adopt at present the process route of China grass degumming, combing:
Raw ramie → grade → prick handle → pickling → dress cage → one to boil → two boil → copy fiber crops → bleaching → peracid → wash → dewater → tremble fiber crops → dress cage → oil supply → de-oiled water → tremble fiber crops → oven dry → softening → minute pound → heap storage → pull fiber crops → shredding → 25 procedures such as steel wire → grilling.
The China grass degumming main technologic parameters, biochemical processing process, normal temperature and pressure, biochemical treatment 1-2 hour, boiling, normal pressure, 100 ℃ of temperature, kiering 1-2 hour, the molten 1:10 that compares, caustic soda concentration 15-30g/L, bleaching, normal temperature, time 10-50 second, effective chlorine density 0.8-2.5g/L peracid technology in the bleaching liquid, normal temperature, time 10-50 second, sulfuric acid concentration 1-3g/L.
(4) automatic control system
(1) overall wire speed and unit linear velocity automatic control system
(2) boiling-off time, temperature, caustic soda concentration automatic control system
(3) acid, the alkali concn automatic control system in bleaching, the peracid
(4) the concentration automatic control system of the oil in the oil supply process
(5) output technological design
(1) raw ramie feeding weight 800～1000 gram/rice total draft multiples are 2～3 times, banded degummed ramie shaping weight 300～400 gram/rice, 200～250 kilograms of unit-hour outputs.
(2) drawing-off gill box sucks weight 300～400 grams, ramie stripes output weight 20～25 grams, 12～15 times of total draft multiples, unit-hour output 80～100kg.
Four, some subject matters of this production line existence and the main method of solution
1. banded degummed ramie product quality analysis
(1) adopt " degumming machine for ramie ", " bleaching machine ", " peracid machine ", " water reason stretch breaking machine ", " oil taw-to-yarn press drier " to wait and replace " flax stamping device ", " float, acid, wash, combination machine ", the production technology and the equipment of " Water Extraction Machinery ", " trembling numb machine ", " automatic oil feed machine " compares with old technology, for product quality following raising arranged.
1. product good evenness: test shows that flax stamping device is that single face is stressed, needs to rely on artificial flange, therefore just will inevitably produce the influence of artificial factor to product quality, and " degumming machine for ramie " is that roller rolls, and be two-sided stressed.Thereby overcome this problem.
2. owing to can adopt the mechanization serialization to produce, can keeping parallelism straight, not in disorder thereby fiber just can move under the state of machinery control all the time, help combing, can satisfy the job requirement of drawing-off gill box.
3. fibre damage is less, and the fiber crops grain is few, and short fiber content is lower.
4. fibre length can be regulated arbitrarily according to spinning requirement, and fibre uniformity is good.
(2) some problems of present banded degummed ramie product quality existence and the method for solution.
1. the method for despumation.
Despumation, defibre are the two big main tasks of combing of coming unstuck, though replace flax stamping device to realize continuous production, find that impurity content is more serious than flax stamping device in the product with " degumming machine for ramie ".In order to overcome this problem, we have taked following several measures:
A. the kiering fiber crops are fully immersed in the water to adopt and many cylinder are rolled, the cull that is extruded out, impurity are dissolved in the water very soon, have therefore improved the effect of impurities removal.
B. in cylinder, bore many apertures, and the differential motion by up-down roller, its impurity is removed.
C. between cylinder and cylinder, increase a plurality of high-pressure sprayers, impurity is rinsed out by water jets under high pressure.
Substantially can remove major part by the impurity in the above-mentioned measure ramee.
3. grilling ramie stripes product quality analysis
(1) adopt the grilling ramie stripes product quality that " strip making machine with drawing and gilling functions " produced and the grilling bar of old technology that following several advantages are arranged:
1. average fiber length requires and can regulate arbitrarily according to spinning process, between adjustable range 40～150mm.
2. fibre uniformity is good, and overcut fibre is less, is no more than 1-3%.
3. short fiber content is lower, and the fiber below 4.5 accounts for 10～15%.
4. the fiber crops knot seldom generally is not more than 5/gram.
(2) the grilling ramie stripes product quality existing questions that adopts " strip making machine with drawing and gilling functions " to be produced.
Doubling often accounts for 3-5%, does not reach the requirement of present spinning, and in order to address this problem, we have carried out some to the reason of production doubling and have analyzed the main following points of main cause of discovery generation doubling:
The one, because jejune former flax fibre causes, these immature fibers are two woods fiber crops, be commonly called as the water fiber crops, later owing to emerge, numb seedling is grown very slowly owing to can not get sufficient sunlight and nutrition, time the ramie harvesting, it does not grow up to ripe, so pectin, hemicellulose are very serious, have become half-cooked fiber crops after coming unstuck.The 2nd, the portion slightly of ramie does not equally have growth and maturity yet, and has produced the difficulty of coming unstuck.The 3rd, the ramie decorticating is second-rate, it is more and produce doubling to remain in numb shell in the raw ramie, therefore in order thoroughly to solve the problem of doubling, must pick up, set up high-quality ramie production base from the raw ramie quality, realization company adds peasant household's pattern, improve ramie decorticating quality, must carry out grading and classification to raw ramie and carry out high quality and favourable price, in addition, we also need technology is constantly improved, and particularly increase the number of times of water reason drawing-off.In baking operation, become static oven dry into dynamically drying to reduce the phenomenon of fiber from new adhesion.Or the like.Concrete grammar is solved.
Claims (4)
1. a China grass degumming, combing continuous production technology are to belong to the ramie process technology, it adopts the method for chemistry, biological method, the method of machinery, remove non-fibre composition and thorough defibre and make in the process of ramie stripes and realize mechanization in the ramee, the technology that serialization is produced, its technological process of production:
Raw ramie → softening → system bar → biochemical treatment → kiering → pressure fiber crops → bleaching → peracid → water reason drawing-off → oil taw-to-yarn → press dry → dynamic oven dry → drawing-off grilling system bar.
2. according to claim 1: realize the China grass degumming continuous production processes, it has adopted the method realization continuous scouring of raw ramie by the system bar, adopt " degumming machine for ramie " to replace flax stamping device, replace floating, acid, wash combination machine with " bleaching machine ", " peracid machine ", " water reason drawing machine ", replace oil feeder, Water Extraction Machinery with the oil taw-to-yarn press drier, replace static dryer with dynamic drying machine, thereby realize coming unstuck serialization production.
3. according to claim 1: realize ramie combing continuous production technology, it has adopted " ramie strip making machine with drawing and gilling functions " to replace opener, and steel is practiced machine, 211 drawing machines, and 304 gill boxes, thus realized combing system bar serialization production.
4. according to claim 1: its characteristics of china grass degumming process, biochemical processing process, normal temperature and pressure, biochemical treatment 1-2 hour, boiling, normal pressure, 100 ℃ of temperature, kiering 1-2 hour, the molten 1:10 that compares, caustic soda concentration 15-30g/L, bleaching, normal temperature, time 10-50 second, effective chlorine density 0.8-2.5g/L peracid technology in the bleaching liquid, normal temperature, time 10-50 second, sulfuric acid concentration 1-3g/L.
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| CNA2007101686545A CN101451274A (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2007-12-07 | China grass degumming and carding continues production process |
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| CNA2007101686545A CN101451274A (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2007-12-07 | China grass degumming and carding continues production process |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011088750A1 (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2011-07-28 | 汉麻产业投资控股有限公司 | Production line of hemp bast fiber |
| CN102251294A (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2011-11-23 | 四川省丝绸科学研究院 | Automatic production process for preparing fibers by combining ramie finishing |
| CN103074708A (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2013-05-01 | 江苏泗绢集团有限公司 | Manufacturing method of 300N/2 to 500N/2 high-count silkworm spun silk |
| CN103774243A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-05-07 | 长春博超汽车零部件股份有限公司 | Bast fiber low hydroformylation processing method |
| CN105734685A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-07-06 | 河北国轩麻纤维开发有限公司 | Intelligentized ramie degumming technology |
-
2007
- 2007-12-07 CN CNA2007101686545A patent/CN101451274A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011088750A1 (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2011-07-28 | 汉麻产业投资控股有限公司 | Production line of hemp bast fiber |
| CN101851787B (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2012-07-04 | 汉麻产业投资控股有限公司 | Bast fiber production line |
| US8650717B2 (en) | 2010-01-22 | 2014-02-18 | China-Hemp Industrial Investment Holdings Co., Ltd. | Processing line of bast fiber |
| CN103074708A (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2013-05-01 | 江苏泗绢集团有限公司 | Manufacturing method of 300N/2 to 500N/2 high-count silkworm spun silk |
| CN102251294A (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2011-11-23 | 四川省丝绸科学研究院 | Automatic production process for preparing fibers by combining ramie finishing |
| CN102251294B (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2012-09-19 | 四川省丝绸科学研究院 | Automatic production process for preparing fibers by combining ramie finishing |
| CN103774243A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-05-07 | 长春博超汽车零部件股份有限公司 | Bast fiber low hydroformylation processing method |
| CN105734685A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-07-06 | 河北国轩麻纤维开发有限公司 | Intelligentized ramie degumming technology |
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Application publication date: 20090610 |