CN102242404A - Method for efficiently and controllably manufacturing fiber by bamboo stalks - Google Patents

Method for efficiently and controllably manufacturing fiber by bamboo stalks Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102242404A
CN102242404A CN2011101634871A CN201110163487A CN102242404A CN 102242404 A CN102242404 A CN 102242404A CN 2011101634871 A CN2011101634871 A CN 2011101634871A CN 201110163487 A CN201110163487 A CN 201110163487A CN 102242404 A CN102242404 A CN 102242404A
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bamboo wood
bamboo
fiber
roller group
comb
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CN102242404B (en
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俞伟鹏
姚文斌
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Zhejiang A&F University ZAFU
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Zhejiang A&F University ZAFU
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for efficiently and controllably manufacturing fiber by bamboo stalks. The method comprises the following steps: firstly modifying fresh bamboo wood to obtain modified bamboo wood with a softened and loosened internal matrix structure; fully flattening the modified bamboo wood by utilizing a flattening and pre-pressing roller set with certain pre-tightening force; conveying the flattened bamboo wood into a holding-conveying roller set for holding-conveying; removing the bamboo wood with insufficient rigidity, and transferring the bamboo wood with higher rigidity into a combing-cutting and separating area for combing-cutting and decomposing the bamboo wood into countless slender bamboo filaments (fiber) by utilizing a combing-cutting tool; and entering the fiber into the fiber extraction process along the motion track of the combing-cutting tool for removing impurities in the fiber so as to finally obtain the fiber meeting requirements. The method has the advantages of preventing series of problems such as generation of staple wool fiber, more impurities, waste of the bamboo wood and the like caused by rolling, tearing and soaking in alkaline solution in the prior art, obtaining uniform and regular fiber and realizing on-line control of specification and shape of the bamboo fiber product.

Description

A kind of efficient controlled bamboo cane is made the method for fiber
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of method of making fiber, relate in particular to the method that a kind of efficient controlled bamboo cane is made fiber.
[background technology]
Bamboo fiber is a kind of brand-new natural fabric, it is the natural bamboo fibres that the method that adopts physics, chemistry to combine is produced, because of characteristics such as himself distinctive antibiotic, moisture absorptions, be subjected to the common concern of domestic and international relevant industries just day by day, the processing method of bamboo fibre and commercial application technology are the focuses of current research, with bamboo processing well-thought-out plan fiber product is bamboo industry development in future trend, especially has more great application prospect as textile fiber material at field of textiles.At present, method for making bamboo fibre mainly comprises chemical degumming law, and the cal rolling method is torn the shredding method, and high temperature steams quick-fried method etc.
The patent of invention that Chinese publication number is CN1406725A discloses name and has been called the technology that the physics method is extracted fiber, its technological process is: former bamboo cut-out, roll extrusion burst, boiling divide silk, fiber to extract, screening is dry, packaging and warehousing, former bamboo or bamboo chip are adopted the method for pure physics, divide silk, desaccharification by boiling, degrease, after protein, starch are handled, through mechanical impact, tear, shredding becomes bamboo fibre, the prepared fiber of this technology is plucked not only, and constant product quality is not high; The China publication number is that the patent of invention of CN1390989A discloses the preparation method that name is called natural bamboo fibres, with the blue or green thin bamboo strip of bamboo or/and the yellow thin bamboo strip is a raw material, through heating treatment step, bamboo after the heat treatment is slightd through tearing operation and makes the bamboo fiber crops, or, directly make the bamboo fiber crops through tearing operation without heating treatment step; The bamboo fiber crops through acid treatment, alkali treatment, beat operation, clean bleaching process, Jin You treatment oil operation, fermentation procedure and combing cutting operation and the natural bamboo fibres finished product, this method mainly adopts the method for tearing to make bamboo wood become fine, at present mainly based on manual operations, equipment is difficult to realize this action, production efficiency is low, the cost height; China's publication number is that the patent of invention of CN1621580A discloses the preparation method that name is called a kind of bamboo fiber, and this method needs earlier bamboo wood is made the bamboo fiber crops, the bamboo fiber crops are placed different bating liquor hot digestions to make bamboo fibre again, and the operation that operates is comparatively numerous and diverse.
Generally speaking, existing bamboo fibre production technology mainly is by bamboo chip is rolled, the bamboo silk (thickness is very inhomogeneous) of tearing the back acquisition is placed at and decomposes the extraction bamboo fibre in the alkaline solution, but the lignin in the bamboo wood component, content of organics such as pectin are very high, want to remove the organic matter in the bamboo wood, just must be for a long time in the alkali environment abundant decomposing organic matter, very short because of the filament of bamboo wood again, generally has only 1.5~2.0mm, if bamboo chip soak for a long time come unstuck softening, cause possibly softening excessively and produce a large amount of short velvet fibers, not only cause the bamboo wood waste, production efficiency is low, and make the fiber product plucked, dust impurity is too much, and then causes fibrous finished product quality extreme difference; In addition, be to roll out fibre or tear apart fibre etc. to realize that all bamboo fibre product specification form is online controlled in the prior art, can't satisfy the production of extensiveization.
[summary of the invention]
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of efficient controlled bamboo cane to make the method for fiber, avoided soaking serial problems such as the generation short velvet fiber, the impurity that cause are many, bamboo wood waste because of carrying out alkaline solution after rolling earlier, tearing in the prior art, the fiber that makes is evenly neat, and can realize that bamboo fibre product specification form is online controlled.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above by the following technical programs: a kind of efficient controlled bamboo cane is made the method for fiber, specifically comprises the steps:
Step 1, bamboo wood modification: fresh bamboo wood is carried out the modification processing obtain softening and loosening, and drain the modification bamboo wood of modification processing back acquisition standby until bamboo wood inner base tissue;
Step 2, bamboo wood expanding: the modification bamboo wood after draining adopts flattening precompressed roller group fully to flatten, and regulate the pretightning force that flattens precompressed roller group according to the fine rigidity of opening of bamboo wood, guaranteeing to remove the ring parting matter on the bamboo wood, and make the excessive bamboo wood of modification through this flattening precompressed roller group the time, be lost rigidity by pressure break;
Step 3, gripping are carried: the bamboo wood after will flattening is delivered to grip carries the roller group to grip conveying, the bamboo wood that loses rigidity in this process drops from flattening precompressed roller group and gripping to carry between the roller group, and the pretightning force control by regulate to grip carrying the roller group is to the grasping force of bamboo wood, and grips the transporting velocity of carrying the roller group and realize control to the long fineness of fiber by regulating;
Step 4, comb cutting from: through grip carrying the roller group to carry the bamboo wood of coming to enter to be provided with the comb cutting abscission zone of comb cutting knife tool, bamboo wood under the gripping of grip carrying the roller group by comb cutting knife tool along the bamboo wood longitudinal direction successively the high-speed and continuous comb cut, making bamboo wood resolve into countless thin long bamboo filaments under the effect of comb shear force is fiber, and along with the movement locus of comb cutting knife tool enters next step;
Step 5, fiber are extracted: establish one and have the adjustable removal of impurities dividing plate that spaces with this comb cutting knife tool below comb cutting knife tool, the cutting of comb cutting knife tool comb is separated the elongated fibers that obtains and is fallen into this removal of impurities dividing plate with its movement locus and carry out removal of impurities, and satisfactory afterwards bamboo silk arrives the fiber collecting district by this removal of impurities dividing plate.
Further, the concrete operations of the processing of the modification in the described step 1 are as follows: place high-temperature and high-pressure conditions to carry out the water-bath boiling fresh bamboo wood, boiling temperature is greater than 95 ℃, and cooking pressure is 1~3KG/m 2, and digestion time is 50~100 minutes.
Further, the concrete operations that modification in the described step 1 is handled are as follows: fresh bamboo wood is immersed in the alkaline solution that pH value is 11-14 8~20 days, afterwards its taking-up is immersed in pH value and is in 2~5 the acid solution 1~5 hour.
Further, described alkaline solution is formed by NaOH or calcium hydroxide or quick lime or ammoniacal liquor allotment; Described acid solution is formed by hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid or acetic acid allotment.
Further, the comb cutting knife tool in described step 4 and the step 5 includes the adjustable cylinder of a rotating speed and plural number row is distributed on this cylinder surface and the adjustable steel nail of arrangement pitches, and whenever the tangent line of this steel nail and cylinder is 60~90 °.
Further, the diameter of described steel nail is 1~15mm.
The beneficial effect that a kind of efficient controlled bamboo cane of the present invention is made the method for fiber is: fresh bamboo wood need not to roll, tears and directly places alkaline solution to soak, and has avoided soaking serial problems such as the generation short velvet fiber, the impurity that cause are many, bamboo wood waste because of carrying out alkaline solution after rolling earlier, tearing in the prior art; Adopt the bamboo wood that flattens precompressed roller group and grip after carrying the roller group to modification to flatten and grip conveying; can by adjust to flatten precompressed roller group and grip carry the roller group the flattening adjusted bamboo wood of pretightning force roll and grasping force; and pass through to regulate gripping and carry the control of the transporting velocity realization of roller group fiber length fineness; and by comb cutting knife tool the bamboo wood longitudinal direction being carried out successively the high-speed and continuous comb cuts; thereby not only make the fiber that makes evenly neat; and can realize that bamboo fibre product specification form is online controlled, and then can satisfy the production of extensiveization.
[specific embodiment]
A kind of efficient controlled bamboo cane of the present invention is made the method for fiber, specifically comprise the steps: step 1, bamboo wood modification: fresh bamboo wood is carried out the modification processing obtain softening and loosening, and drain standby to the modification bamboo wood of modification processing back acquisition until bamboo wood inner base tissue; Step 2, bamboo wood expanding: the modification bamboo wood after draining adopts flattening precompressed roller group fully to flatten, and regulate the pretightning force that flattens precompressed roller group according to the fine rigidity of opening of bamboo wood, to guarantee to remove the ring parting matter on the bamboo wood, and make the excessive bamboo wood of modification through this flattening precompressed roller group the time, be lost rigidity by pressure break, when the pretightning force that flattens precompressed roller group is big more, its flattening grinding pressure to bamboo wood is big more; Step 3, grip and carry: the bamboo wood after will flattening is delivered to grip carries the roller group to grip conveying, the bamboo wood that loses rigidity in this process is carried between the roller group drop (with the quality that guarantees to enter the subsequent operation bamboo wood) from flattening precompressed roller group and gripping, and pass through to regulate gripping and carry the grasping force of the pretightning force control of roller group bamboo wood, this pretightning force is big more, grip and carry the roller group also just big more the grip force of bamboo wood, and carry the control of the transporting velocity realization of roller group to the long fineness of fiber by regulating gripping, when this transporting velocity big more, prepared fiber will be grown and thick, on the contrary, when this transporting velocity is more little, prepared fiber will be lacked and thin; Step 4, comb cutting from: through grip carrying the roller group to carry the bamboo wood of coming to enter to be provided with the comb cutting abscission zone of comb cutting knife tool, bamboo wood under the gripping of grip carrying the roller group by comb cutting knife tool along the bamboo wood longitudinal direction successively the high-speed and continuous comb cut, making bamboo wood resolve into countless thin long bamboo filaments under the effect of comb shear force is fiber, and along with the movement locus of comb cutting knife tool enters next step; Step 5, fiber are extracted: establish one and have the adjustable removal of impurities dividing plate that spaces with this comb cutting knife tool below comb cutting knife tool, the cutting of comb cutting knife tool comb is separated the elongated fibers that obtains and is fallen into this removal of impurities dividing plate with its movement locus and carry out removal of impurities, and satisfactory afterwards bamboo silk arrives the fiber collecting district by this removal of impurities dividing plate.
Wherein, modification in the step 1 is handled adopts one of following two kinds of concrete operations: operation one, place high-temperature and high-pressure conditions to carry out the water-bath boiling fresh bamboo wood, boiling temperature is greater than 95 ℃, and cooking pressure is 1~3KG/m 2, and digestion time is 50~100 minutes; Operate two, fresh bamboo wood is immersed in the alkaline solution that pH value is 11-14, its taking-up is immersed in pH value after bamboo wood epidermis surf green color becomes breen and is in 2~5 the acid solution 1~5 hour, alkaline solution can be formed by NaOH or calcium hydroxide or quick lime or ammoniacal liquor allotment; Acid solution is formed by hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid or acetic acid allotment.In addition, comb cutting knife tool in described step 4 and the step 5 includes the adjustable cylinder of a rotating speed and plural number row is distributed on this cylinder surface and the adjustable steel nail of arrangement pitches, realize at interval bamboo wood being hit cutting continuously by the spacing of adjusting between the steel nail with certain hour, and have comparatively desirablely in order to make comb cut the fiber that forms, the every tangent line of this steel nail and cylinder is 60~90 ° of designs; For the stressed sense that the bamboo wood that grips and come is fit to, steel nail be traditionally arranged to be 1~15mm.
In order better method of the present invention to be set forth explanation, the present invention has exemplified following embodiment.
Embodiment one
Choose the fresh mao bamboon of life in 2 years, whole bamboo sawing is become to meet the random length that streamline is produced, and cut open into 2~5 bamboo chips that do not wait, then bamboo chip being placed pH value is 13 alkaline solution (this alkaline solution is formed by the NaOH allotment), and make bamboo chip be submerged into alkaline solution fully, observe the variation of bamboo wood in alkaline solution, when becoming breen, bamboo wood epidermis surf green color just can take out bamboo wood, this moment bamboo wood in lignin, pectin is that the matrix of main component has obtained softening and loosening, bamboo chip shows as hardness to be reduced, short texture, to place PH be that 3 acid solution soaked 1 hour to the bamboo wood that will take out from alkaline solution then, make bamboo wood be able to preliminary neutralization, and it is further softening loose that the bamboo wood matrix is obtained, wherein the soak time of bamboo wood in alkaline solution done suitable adjustment according to seasonal variations, is generally 8~20 days; Afterwards bamboo chip is pulled out from acid solution and drained, then adopt the bamboo chip after draining flattening precompressed roller group fully to flatten, and regulate the pretightning force that flattens precompressed roller group according to the fine rigidity of opening of bamboo wood, play the effect that detects bamboo wood rigidity, and make bamboo wood can remove ring parting matter on the bamboo wood when flattening precompressed roller group, and make the excessive bamboo wood of modification through this flattening precompressed roller group the time, be lost rigidity by pressure break; Bamboo wood after the flattening is transported to grip carries the roller group to grip conveying, the bamboo wood that loses rigidity in this process drops from flattening precompressed roller group and gripping to carry between the roller group, and the pretightning force control by regulate to grip carrying the roller group is to the grasping force of bamboo wood, and grips the transporting velocity of carrying the roller group and realize control to the long fineness of fiber by regulating; Enter the comb cutting abscission zone that is provided with comb cutting knife tool through gripping the bamboo wood of carrying the conveying of roller group to come, the rotating speed of cylinder is adjusted to 600 rev/mins, bamboo wood under the gripping of grip carrying the roller group by the steel nail that rotates with cylinder along the bamboo wood longitudinal direction successively the high-speed and continuous comb cut, making bamboo wood resolve into countless thin long bamboo filaments under the effect of steel nail comb shear force is fiber, and along with the movement locus of comb cutting knife tool enters next step; Below comb cutting knife tool, establish one and have the adjustable removal of impurities dividing plate that spaces with this comb cutting knife tool, the cutting of comb cutting knife tool comb is separated the elongated fibers that obtains and is fallen into this removal of impurities dividing plate with its movement locus and carry out removal of impurities, satisfactory afterwards fiber (diameter is 0.01mm~0.08mm, and length is greater than 60mm) arrives the fiber collecting district by this removal of impurities dividing plate.
Embodiment two
Choose the fresh mao bamboon of life in 2 years, whole bamboo sawing is become to meet the random length that streamline is produced, and cut open into 2~5 bamboo chips that do not wait, then place high-temperature and high-pressure conditions to carry out the water-bath boiling bamboo chip, boiling temperature is 105 ℃, and cooking pressure is 2KG/m 2, and digestion time is 80 minutes, cooking the color that finishes the back bamboo chip is yellowish-brown, and the bamboo chip of this moment is easy to its bending is fractureed or tear separation with hand; Afterwards bamboo chip is pulled out from water-bath and drained, then adopt the bamboo chip after draining flattening precompressed roller group fully to flatten, and regulate the pretightning force that flattens precompressed roller group according to the fine rigidity of opening of bamboo wood, play the effect that detects bamboo wood rigidity, and make bamboo wood can remove ring parting matter on the bamboo wood when flattening precompressed roller group, and make the excessive bamboo wood of modification through this flattening precompressed roller group the time, be lost rigidity by pressure break; Bamboo wood after the flattening is transported to grip carries the roller group to grip conveying, the bamboo wood that loses rigidity in this process drops from flattening precompressed roller group and gripping to carry between the roller group, and the pretightning force control by regulate to grip carrying the roller group is to the grasping force of bamboo wood, and grips the transporting velocity of carrying the roller group and realize control to the long fineness of fiber by regulating; Enter the comb cutting abscission zone that is provided with comb cutting knife tool through gripping the bamboo wood of carrying the conveying of roller group to come, the rotating speed of cylinder is adjusted to 600 rev/mins, bamboo wood under the gripping of grip carrying the roller group by the steel nail that rotates with cylinder along the bamboo wood longitudinal direction successively the high-speed and continuous comb cut, making bamboo wood resolve into countless thin long bamboo filaments under the effect of steel nail comb shear force is fiber, and along with the movement locus of comb cutting knife tool enters next step; Below comb cutting knife tool, establish one and have the adjustable removal of impurities dividing plate that spaces with this comb cutting knife tool, the cutting of comb cutting knife tool comb is separated the elongated fibers that obtains and is fallen into this removal of impurities dividing plate with its movement locus and carry out removal of impurities, satisfactory afterwards fiber (diameter is 0.01mm~0.08mm, and length is greater than 60mm) arrives the fiber collecting district by this removal of impurities dividing plate.

Claims (6)

1. the method for an efficient controlled bamboo cane manufacturing fiber is characterized in that: specifically comprise the steps:
Step 1, bamboo wood modification: fresh bamboo wood is carried out the modification processing obtain softening and loosening, and drain the modification bamboo wood of modification processing back acquisition standby until bamboo wood inner base tissue;
Step 2, bamboo wood expanding: the modification bamboo wood after draining adopts flattening precompressed roller group fully to flatten, and regulate the pretightning force that flattens precompressed roller group according to the fine rigidity of opening of bamboo wood, guaranteeing to remove the ring parting matter on the bamboo wood, and make the excessive bamboo wood of modification through this flattening precompressed roller group the time, be lost rigidity by pressure break;
Step 3, gripping are carried: the bamboo wood after will flattening is delivered to grip carries the roller group to grip conveying, the bamboo wood that loses rigidity in this process drops from flattening precompressed roller group and gripping to carry between the roller group, and the pretightning force control by regulate to grip carrying the roller group is to the grasping force of bamboo wood, and grips the transporting velocity of carrying the roller group and realize control to the long fineness of fiber by regulating;
Step 4, comb cutting from: through grip carrying the roller group to carry the bamboo wood of coming to enter to be provided with the comb cutting abscission zone of comb cutting knife tool, bamboo wood under the gripping of grip carrying the roller group by comb cutting knife tool along the bamboo wood longitudinal direction successively the high-speed and continuous comb cut, making bamboo wood resolve into countless thin long bamboo filaments under the effect of comb shear force is fiber, and along with the movement locus of comb cutting knife tool enters next step;
Step 5, fiber are extracted: establish one and have the adjustable removal of impurities dividing plate that spaces with this comb cutting knife tool below comb cutting knife tool, the cutting of comb cutting knife tool comb is separated the elongated fibers that obtains and is fallen into this removal of impurities dividing plate with its movement locus and carry out removal of impurities, and satisfactory afterwards bamboo silk arrives the fiber collecting district by this removal of impurities dividing plate.
2. a kind of efficient controlled bamboo cane as claimed in claim 1 is made the method for fiber, it is characterized in that: the concrete operations that the modification in the described step 1 is handled are as follows: place high-temperature and high-pressure conditions to carry out the water-bath boiling fresh bamboo wood, boiling temperature is greater than 95 ℃, and cooking pressure is 1~3KG/m 2, and digestion time is 50~100 minutes.
3. a kind of efficient controlled bamboo cane as claimed in claim 1 is made the method for fiber, it is characterized in that: the concrete operations that modification in the described step 1 is handled are as follows: fresh bamboo wood is immersed in the alkaline solution that pH value is 11-14, its taking-up is immersed in pH value after bamboo wood epidermis surf green color becomes breen and is in 2~5 the acid solution 1~5 hour.
4. a kind of efficient controlled bamboo cane as claimed in claim 3 is made the method for fiber, it is characterized in that: described alkaline solution is formed by NaOH or calcium hydroxide or quick lime or ammoniacal liquor allotment; Described acid solution is formed by hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid or acetic acid allotment.
5. a kind of efficient controlled bamboo cane as claimed in claim 1 is made the method for fiber, it is characterized in that: the comb cutting knife tool in described step 4 and the step 5 includes the adjustable cylinder of a rotating speed and plural number row is distributed on this cylinder surface and the adjustable steel nail of arrangement pitches, and whenever the tangent line of this steel nail and cylinder all is 60~90 °.
6. a kind of efficient controlled bamboo cane as claimed in claim 5 is made the method for fiber, and it is characterized in that: the diameter of described steel nail is 1~15mm.
CN2011101634871A 2011-06-17 2011-06-17 Method for efficiently and controllably manufacturing fiber by bamboo stalks Active CN102242404B (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107541794A (en) * 2017-07-06 2018-01-05 广西科技师范学院 A kind of activation method of bamboo fibre
CN108189170A (en) * 2017-12-06 2018-06-22 常州富思通管道有限公司 A kind of preparation method of bamboo matter high density fiberboard
CN108342834A (en) * 2018-02-28 2018-07-31 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 A kind of flexible interpenetrating networks porous material and preparation method can be used for molding

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0971065A2 (en) * 1998-07-06 2000-01-12 Lothar Dr.-Ing. Rauer Process and apparatus for obtaining natural fibres, in particular bamboo fibres, for use as a reinforcing material
CN1390989A (en) * 2002-07-19 2003-01-15 徐奎元 Process for preparing natural bamboo fibres
CN1406725A (en) * 2001-08-17 2003-04-02 杨三 Process for extracting bamboo fibre by physical method
WO2008063014A1 (en) * 2006-11-22 2008-05-29 I'big, Inc. Manufacturing method of bamboo chip and manufacturing method bamboo fiber using the bamboo chip
CN201399822Y (en) * 2009-04-30 2010-02-10 福建建州竹业科技开发有限公司 Bamboo fiber opening and separating device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0971065A2 (en) * 1998-07-06 2000-01-12 Lothar Dr.-Ing. Rauer Process and apparatus for obtaining natural fibres, in particular bamboo fibres, for use as a reinforcing material
CN1406725A (en) * 2001-08-17 2003-04-02 杨三 Process for extracting bamboo fibre by physical method
CN1390989A (en) * 2002-07-19 2003-01-15 徐奎元 Process for preparing natural bamboo fibres
WO2008063014A1 (en) * 2006-11-22 2008-05-29 I'big, Inc. Manufacturing method of bamboo chip and manufacturing method bamboo fiber using the bamboo chip
CN201399822Y (en) * 2009-04-30 2010-02-10 福建建州竹业科技开发有限公司 Bamboo fiber opening and separating device

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107541794A (en) * 2017-07-06 2018-01-05 广西科技师范学院 A kind of activation method of bamboo fibre
CN107541794B (en) * 2017-07-06 2020-03-31 广西科技师范学院 Bamboo fiber activation method
CN108189170A (en) * 2017-12-06 2018-06-22 常州富思通管道有限公司 A kind of preparation method of bamboo matter high density fiberboard
CN108189170B (en) * 2017-12-06 2020-11-17 义乌市君胜科技有限公司 Preparation method of bamboo high-density fiberboard
CN108342834A (en) * 2018-02-28 2018-07-31 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 A kind of flexible interpenetrating networks porous material and preparation method can be used for molding

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