CN101446355B - 金属硬密封球阀 - Google Patents

金属硬密封球阀 Download PDF

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CN101446355B
CN101446355B CN2008102465811A CN200810246581A CN101446355B CN 101446355 B CN101446355 B CN 101446355B CN 2008102465811 A CN2008102465811 A CN 2008102465811A CN 200810246581 A CN200810246581 A CN 200810246581A CN 101446355 B CN101446355 B CN 101446355B
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main shaft
valve body
ball valve
metal hard
spherical valve
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CN101446355A (zh
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李峰
俞晓龙
刘际
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Beijing Aerospace Long March Machinery Equipment Manufacturing Co ltd
Changzheng Engineering Co Ltd
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BEIJING AEROSPACE WANYUAN COAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种金属硬密封球阀,其包括:具有流道的壳体(1,2);设置在所述壳体(1,2)内部的球形阀体(4);穿过所述壳体(1,2)并且连接到所述球形阀体(4)的主轴(6)。其特征在于所述主轴(6)通过连接销(16)与所述球形阀体(4)相连,并且所述连接销(16)可以在球阀发生卡死时首先被破坏。本发明的连接结构简单,力矩传动间距小,并且可以保证在阀门故障卡死情况下,连接销首先破坏,从而保证球和主轴不被损坏,维修更换时只需要对连接销进行更换,因此节约了成本。

Description

金属硬密封球阀
技术领域
本发明涉及一种金属硬密封球阀,并且尤其涉及一种介质为粉料的金属硬密封球阀,其可用作煤化工和硅工业中的系统管路的开关。
背景技术
近几年,随着国内石油、化工、硅工业等发展迅猛,各种大型装置在全国各地相继投资建设,而耐磨硬密封金属球阀在煤化工和硅工业装置中也得到广泛应用,并对整个装置稳定运行起着关键作用。其使用工况是由高压气体输送具有一定硬度的固体煤粉或硅粉等颗粒,当阀门进行开关动作时,高速运动的固体颗粒对阀门的球形阀体表面、阀座以及其流道会造成很大的冲击和磨蚀,并且粉料介质很容易进入阀组件的各个缝隙中。此外,并且由于介质为粉料,因此很容易堆积在弹簧腔内,造成弹簧失效。此外,由于阀体和阀杆多采用一体式结构或刚性连接,因此当阀组件由于各种原因卡死时,很可能由于扭转力矩过大而导致阀体或阀杆的损坏。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本发明提出了一种新型的球阀结构。
本发明的金属硬密封球阀,包括:具有流道的壳体;设置在所述壳体内部的球形阀体;穿过所述壳体并且连接到所述球形阀体的主轴,其特征在于,所述主轴通过连接销与所述球形阀体相连,并且所述连接销可以在球阀发生卡死时首先被破坏。本发明的连接结构简单,力矩传动间距小,并且可以保证在阀门故障卡死情况下,连接销首先破坏,从而保证球和主轴不被损坏,维修更换时只需要对连接销进行更换,因此节约了成本。
优选地,所述壳体内还设置有阀座,阀座与球形阀体之间形成金属硬密封。优选地,所述阀座通过碟簧和密封组件设置在壳体的环形腔中,所述环形腔的内表面上堆焊有耐磨合金层。这样可有效的克服镶嵌结构由于材料线胀系数不同造成的焊缝破裂问题,保证阀门长期稳定的运行。
优选地,所述环形腔沿圆周方向开有至少一个泄灰槽。由于输送介质为粉料,其颗粒细小,很容易堆积在弹簧腔内,使弹簧失效,造成密封不严,从而损坏阀座,泄灰槽的结构设计可有效避免粉料的堆积问题。
优选地,球形阀体、阀座和流道的表面具有硬质合金涂层。从而,使它们具有耐冲击性和耐磨性,特别适合煤粉、硅粉等具有一定硬度的固体颗粒。
优选地,所述壳体与主轴之间设置有由轴垫环和轴密封环构成的主轴密封结构。更优选地,所述壳体与主轴之间还设置有填料箱,填料箱通过主轴套压紧所述主轴密封结构。进一步优选地,所述填料箱和主轴之间还设置有石墨密封环。通过采用上述特征,可有效防止球阀阀体中腔内的粉尘进入轴套和主轴间使主轴损坏。
附图说明
图1为处于工作状态的本发明的主体结构剖示图;
图2为本发明的球形阀体俯视图;
图3为本发明的主轴主视图;
图4为本发明的主轴仰视图;
图5为本发明的端盖剖视图;
图6为本发明的主轴套密封结构局部放大图。
附图标记列表如下:
1第一半壳体、2第二半壳体、3固定轴、4球形阀体、5阀座、6主轴、7金属环、8阀座密封环、9密封压环、10碟簧、11石墨密封环、12下轴套、13主轴套、14轴密封环、15轴垫环、16连接销、17填料箱、18主轴石墨密封环、19压环、20压板、21套筒、22支架、23气动执行器、24螺柱、25螺母、26螺柱、27螺母、28球形阀体的半圆柱孔、29主轴的半圆柱孔、30耐磨合金、31环形腔、32泄灰槽
具体实施方式:
下面将参照附图对本发明的球阀装置作详细的描述。
如图1所示,气动执行器23通过套筒21将输出轴(未示出)与阀门的主轴6连接,主轴6的另一端通过连接销16与球形阀体4连接,这样可使气动执行器23的输出轴转动时带动主轴6、球形阀体4一起转动,从而实现阀的开关操作。球形阀体4安装在由第一半壳体1和第二半壳体2构成的壳体中,固定轴3装入球形阀体4的下端,将球形阀体4固定。球形阀体4两侧与阀座组件5贴合,并在弹簧预紧力的作用下,产生一定的密封比压,从而实现阀门的密封。主轴套13设置在主轴6与填料箱17之间,固定轴3与球形阀体4之间安装有下轴套12。阀座头部装有一圈石墨密封环18。
另外,在气缸转轴上端,可装有限位开关器(未示出),当球阀处于开关两位时,可将信号反馈到中控室,实现阀门位置的指示。
轴密封环14和轴垫环15装在第一半壳体1和主轴6之间,由填料箱17将其压紧,主轴套13装在填料箱17下端,主轴石墨密封环18通过螺柱24、螺母25由压板20、压环19将其压在填料箱17和主轴6之间。第一半壳体1通过螺柱26、螺母27与第二半壳体2压紧。阀座5通过碟簧10、密封压环9、石墨密封环11和金属环7与球形阀体4压在一起。阀座5前端装有石墨环11。
关于连接销16的形状,没有具体限制,只要其能够实现本发明的功能,即在球阀发生卡死时首先被破坏即可。上述功能可以通过多种方式实现,例如:连接销16的横截面相对主轴6的横截面显著的小,或者连接销16具有厚度/宽度很小的矩形横截面等。此外,连接销16可以不止一个。为了使主轴与球形阀体的连接处的受力沿圆周方向均匀分布,可以沿主轴6的外圆周等间距地设置两个以上的连接销16。
如图2、3,4,其示出了采用圆柱形连接销16的实施例。所示球形阀体4上端空内开有三个小半圆柱孔28,主轴6下端加工相应的三个半圆柱孔29,通过连接销16将主轴6安装在球形阀体4上,从而当主轴6转动时带动球形阀体4转动。通过圆柱孔28,29可以看出,连接销16的横截面积比起主轴6或球形阀体4的连接部的横截面面积来说明显的小很多。这样,在球阀发生卡死时,如果扭转力矩过大,则在扭转力矩的作用下,连接销16首先发生破坏,从而可以有效地保护主轴6和球形阀体4不受损伤。
如图5所示,第一和第二半壳体1和2上设置有安装阀座5的环形腔31,在环形腔31的内表面上堆焊有耐磨合金30。这样可有效的克服镶嵌结构由于材料线胀系数不同造成的焊缝破裂问题,保证阀门长期稳定的运行。
此外,所述环形腔31沿圆周方向开有至少一个泄灰槽32。泄灰槽的结构设计可有效避免粉料的堆积问题。
优选地,球形阀体4、阀座5和第一和第二半壳体1和2中的流道的表面都涂敷有硬质合金涂层。从而,使它们具有耐冲击性和耐磨性,特别适合煤粉、硅粉等具有一定硬度的固体颗粒。

Claims (3)

1.一种金属硬密封球阀,其包括:
具有流道的壳体(1,2);
设置在所述壳体(1,2)内部的球形阀体(4);
所述壳体(1,2)内还设置有阀座(5),阀座(5)与球形阀体(4)之间形成金属硬密封,球形阀体(4)、阀座(5)和流道的表面具有硬质合金涂层;
所述阀座(5)通过碟簧(10)和密封组件(7,9,11)设置在壳体(1,2)的环形腔(31)中,所述环形腔(31)的内表面上堆焊有耐磨合金层(30),所述环形腔(31)沿圆周方向开有至少一个泄灰槽(32);
穿过所述壳体(1,2)并且连接到所述球形阀体(4)的主轴(6),所述壳体(1,2)与主轴(6)之间设置有由轴垫环(15)和轴密封环(14)构成的主轴密封结构(14,15);
其特征在于:
所述主轴(6)通过连接销(16)与所述球形阀体(4)相连,并且所述连接销(16)可以在球阀发生卡死时首先被破坏。
2.根据权利要求1所述的金属硬密封球阀,其特征在于:所述壳体(1,2)与主轴(6)之间还设置有填料箱(17),填料箱(17)通过主轴套(13)压紧所述主轴密封结构(14,15)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的金属硬密封球阀,其特征在于:所述填料箱(17)和主轴(6)之间还设置有石墨密封环(8)。
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