CN101435700B - Method and device for testing infrared laser lighting source diverging angle - Google Patents

Method and device for testing infrared laser lighting source diverging angle Download PDF

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CN101435700B
CN101435700B CN2008102384142A CN200810238414A CN101435700B CN 101435700 B CN101435700 B CN 101435700B CN 2008102384142 A CN2008102384142 A CN 2008102384142A CN 200810238414 A CN200810238414 A CN 200810238414A CN 101435700 B CN101435700 B CN 101435700B
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infrared laser
light source
diffusion target
spot
laser light
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CN101435700A (en
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王峻宁
余志勇
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CETC 41 Institute
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the optical field, and particularly relates to a method and a device for measuring an angle of divergence of an infrared laser light source. Based on the reflection imaging principle, the measuring method uses a CCD imaging unit to record infrared laser emitted by a diffusion target, uses a zooming optical lens for imaging, converts an image to a digital image by a CCD video camera, and uses a computer processing system and the image processing technology to analyze light spots so as to obtain the beam divergence angle. The measuring device consists of the CCD imaging unit formed by the measuring infrared laser light source, the diffusion target, an attenuation piece device, the zooming optical lens, a light filter and the CCD video camera and the computer processing system(7). The measuring device and the measuring method of the invention have the advantages of easy operation, quick measurement, big measurement range of the divergence angle and relatively high measurement precision.

Description

The method of testing of infrared laser lighting source diverging angle and proving installation
Affiliated technical field
The invention belongs to optical field, be specifically related to the method for testing and the proving installation of infrared laser lighting source diverging angle.
Background technology
The infrared laser light source is used for the surveillance imaging system illumination, and is different with general laser instrument, and its light beam is handled through expanding bundle and homogenize.The angle of divergence of laser beam is a kind of important indicator of estimating infrared laser light source, decision infrared laser light source application, and when the monitored object variable in distance, light source need change the angle of divergence, enough visual fields are arranged when guaranteeing closely, enough illumination is arranged when remote, and keep illumination light shape of spot, big or small constant as far as possible, the range of adjustment of the angle of divergence can be very big.Be used to the to throw light on angle of divergence of purpose LASER Light Source, general simple defining is the subtended angle of irradiation hot spot to emission port.The angle of divergence of testing laser light beam mainly contains photodetector method of testing and CCD imaging method at present.The shortcoming of photodetector method of testing is can't measure the little laser beam of the angle of divergence and operate more loaded down with trivial details.The CCD imaging method is to receive the signal of the light beam of laser instrument at the focal beam spot of the back focal plane place of standard lens formation with the CCD camera, by the hot spot signal of Computer Processing CCD camera output, calculates the angle of divergence of laser beam.This measuring method is easier, but the method relatively is fit to the measurement of small divergence angle.
Summary of the invention
The measuring method and the device thereof that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of quick, simple to operate and infrared laser lighting source diverging angle that measurement range is big.
The method of testing of infrared laser lighting source diverging angle provided by the present invention is carried out as follows:
(1) regulates the center of the CCD image-generating unit of forming by attenuator device, varifocal optical lens, optical filter and CCD camera, the center and the tested infrared laser light source of CCD image-generating unit are equated with the distance of diffusion target, and optical axis is approximate to be overlapped, and by this CCD image-generating unit and computer processing system the infrared laser hot spot on the diffusion target is tested;
(2) setting surrounds foursquare four light emitting diodes on diffusion target, and four light emitting diodes place on the position on foursquare four summits;
(3) close tested infrared laser light source, open be provided with on the diffusion target four fixedly light emitting diodes;
(4) adjust the position of CCD imaging system, by computer processing system, make four fixedly light emitting diode all in visual scope;
(5) calculate the distance of tested infrared laser light source by computer processing system to diffusion target;
(6) light beam that tested infrared laser light source is sent impinges upon on the diffusion target, and adjusts tested infrared laser light source, in the square that the light emitting diode of four stationkeeping that the infrared laser hot spot dropped on be provided with on the diffusion target surrounds;
(7) close diffusion four of last setting fixing light emitting diodes;
(8) calculate the infrared laser spot size by computer processing system;
(9) calculate the angle of divergence of tested infrared laser light source by computer processing system.
Determine and the analytical calculation step of step (8) mid-infrared laser spot size are divided into again:
(8.1) light intensity intercepting: determine the threshold value that luminous energy is calculated by the dark current of ccd video camera, determine that light intensity is higher than the useful signal of pixel for participating in calculating of threshold value, promptly carries out binary conversion treatment to effective and invalid illumination pixel;
(8.2) spot center is determined: adopt centroid method to determine spot center;
(8.3) spot size calculates: with the spot center is the center of circle, with the outwards expansion gradually of equidistant annulus, the light intensity of being had a few satisfies in circle: the light intensity of being had a few in the circle and/always light intensity and=predetermined electric power energy ratio, represent spot size with this desirable diameter of a circle.
According to the distance D of diffusion target and light source emission port, the angle of divergence that spot radius R can calculate the infrared laser light source be:
θ = 2 × arctan ( R D )
The proving installation of infrared laser lighting source diverging angle provided by the present invention is by tested infrared laser light source 1, the CCD image-generating unit and the computer processing system 7 that comprise ccd video camera 6 are formed, the output of ccd video camera 6 is connected with computer processing system 7, be characterized in being located in addition on the device diffusion target 2 on the initial light path of tested infrared laser light source 1, described CCD image-generating unit is by attenuator device 3, varifocal optical lens 4, optical filter 5, ccd video camera 6 constitutes, the center of described CCD image-generating unit equates with the distance of diffusion target 2 with the distance and the tested infrared laser light source of diffusion target 2, and the approximate coincidence of optical axis.
The method of testing of infrared laser lighting source diverging angle provided by the present invention is based on the catoptric imaging principle, it adopts the infrared laser of CCD image-generating unit record diffusion target reflection, the infrared laser of diffusion target reflection is through varifocal optical lens imaging, change digital picture into through ccd video camera, by computer processing system utilization image processing techniques, by hot spot analysis is drawn beam divergence angle.Because the light beam of the light beam that the infrared laser light source sends after the diffusion target reflection, through behind the attenuator device again by varifocal optical lens imaging, imaging facula does not have saturation point, cooperate with varifocal optical lens owing to diffusion target simultaneously, not only be fit to the test of small divergence angle, and be fit to the big laser beam of the test angle of divergence.
Infrared laser lighting source diverging angle be by tested infrared laser light source to the distance of diffusion target and the decision of infrared laser spot size, tested infrared laser light source is to calculate the distance of ccd video camera from tested infrared laser light source according to known fixed target pixel value of imaging on ccd video camera to the distance test of diffusion target.Four light emitting diodes of square that surround are set on diffusion target, four light emitting diodes place on the position on foursquare four summits, according to how much image optics principles, image comparison with the CCD collection, can calculate the distance of target and CCD, also promptly equal the distance of target and light source emission port.Adopt following formula:
D = f × ( 1 + k × L b )
Wherein, D: diffusion target is to the distance of tested infrared laser light source, and f: the focal length of varifocal optical lens, k: coefficient, L: the distance of fixed target, promptly light emitting diode surrounds the foursquare length of side on the diffusion target, b: the pixel value of fixed target point-to-point transmission.
If the distance of infrared laser light source and diffusion target is obtained, and measures the size of infrared laser hot spot, utilize geometric optical theory to handle, can draw the angle of divergence.Determine and the analytical calculation flow process of mid-infrared laser spot size of the present invention are: the light intensity intercepting->spot center determines->spot size calculates.Light intensity intercepting: the threshold value of calculating by definite luminous energies such as dark current of ccd video camera, gray-scale value (light intensity) is higher than the point for being used for throwing light on of threshold value, be referred to as useful signal, after all pixels were divided into effective or invalid signals on the entire image, light intensity was carried out binaryzation and is participated in calculating.Determine that in determining the step of infrared laser spot size spot center is vital, the present invention adopts centroid method to determine spot center, with center of gravity as spot center.Desire is determined spot size, at first will determine the spot center position.Because laser facula does not have tangible edge, also,, and can accurately determine erose center with centroid method so the one-dimensional scanning method can not accurately be determined its center not necessarily for circular accurately.If x direction pixel count is i, y direction pixel count is j, each pixel corresponding gray be M (i, j), available point corresponding gray M (i, j) perseverance is 1, Null Spot corresponding gray M (i, j) perseverance is 0, then the spot center position is:
x = Σ i = 1 i Σ j = 1 j iM ( i , j ) / Σ i = 1 i Σ j = 1 j M ( i , j ) y = Σ i = 1 i Σ j = 1 j jM ( i , j ) / Σ i = 1 i Σ j = 1 j M ( i , j )
Spot size calculates: with the spot center is the center of circle, with the outwards expansion gradually of equidistant annulus, the light intensity of being had a few and satisfying in circle: the light intensity of being had a few in the circle and/always light intensity and=predetermined electric power energy ratio, represent spot size with this desirable diameter of a circle.For the hot spot pattern of uneven distribution, obtain spot center o after, be the center of circle with o, at the radius r place, do the annulus that width is a, the gray scale Density Distribution ρ of this endless belt is:
ρ ( r ) = ∫ r - a / 2 r + a / 2 M ( r ) dr / ∫ r - a / 2 r + a / 2 2 πrdr
According to the Density Distribution ρ that following formula calculates, can obtain the relation of ρ-r.Center with hot spot is the center of circle, is that unit is searched near the radius of circle R of 63% total valid pixel with 1 pixel, is spot radius R.According to the distance D of diffusion target and light source emission port, the angle of divergence that spot radius R can calculate the infrared laser light source be:
θ = 2 × arctan R D
That the method for testing of infrared laser lighting source diverging angle provided by the present invention has is simple to operate, test fast and the big advantage of measurement range, the scope of measuring the angle of divergence with the method can reach: 0.5~10 °.
The laser facula that the laser beam that the proving installation of infrared laser lighting source diverging angle provided by the present invention sends tested infrared laser light source 1 forms on diffusion target 2, via the CCD image-generating unit that attenuator device 3, varifocal optical lens 4, optical filter 5, ccd video camera 6 constitute laser facula is tested, by diffusion target and cooperating of Varifocal zoom lens making that the scope that can test the angle of divergence is bigger, regulate the attenuator device and can make infrared light spot not have saturation point after imaging, being provided with of optical filter can reduce the influence of space parasitic light to measuring accuracy.Adopt the proving installation of infrared laser lighting source diverging angle provided by the present invention that infrared laser lighting source diverging angle is tested, have scope simple to operate, that test fast, measure the angle of divergence and reach the relative advantage of higher of measuring accuracy more greatly, the scope of measuring the angle of divergence with proving installation provided by the present invention can reach: 0.5~10 °.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of an embodiment of proving installation of infrared laser lighting source diverging angle provided by the present invention.
Among the figure, 1, tested infrared laser light source, 2, diffusion target, the fixed target-light emitting diode that is provided with on 2-1, the diffusion target, 2-2, infrared laser hot spot, 3, the attenuator device, 4, varifocal optical lens, 5 optical filters, 6 ccd video cameras, 7 computer processing systems.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with description of drawings enforcement of the present invention, Figure 1 shows that the structural representation of an embodiment of proving installation of test infrared laser lighting source diverging angle provided by the present invention.This proving installation is by tested infrared laser light source 1, diffusion target 2, attenuator device 3, varifocal optical lens 4, optical filter 5, ccd video camera 6, computer processing system 7 is formed, and diffusion target 2 is located on the initial light path of tested infrared laser light source 1, and wherein the attenuator device 3, varifocal optical lens 4, optical filter 5, ccd video camera 6 are integrated in the structure case, form a CCD image-generating unit, the center of CCD image-generating unit equates with the distance of diffusion target with the distance of diffusion target and tested infrared laser light source, and the approximate coincidence of optical axis.
The wavelength of tested infrared laser light source 1 is that λ=940nm does not have the red laser lighting source of exposing to the sun in this example; The light emitting diode of a fixed target 2-1-4 940nm is set on diffusion target 2, the square of forming a 500mm, infrared laser hot spot 2-2 is not to be visible to the physical eyes on diffusion target 2, can it be shown by ccd video camera 6 and computer processing system 7; Attenuator device 3 is made of three attenuators; The focal distance f of varifocal optical lens 4 can change between the 16mm-160mm, can measure comparatively accurately big small light spot like this; The central homology wavelength of optical filter 5 is 940nm, and this optical filter can reduce the influence of space parasitic light to measuring accuracy.
Introduce with the test of the proving installation of above-mentioned test infrared laser lighting source diverging angle below in conjunction with Fig. 1 tested infrared laser light source 1 angle of divergence.Undertaken by following step after having debugged proving installation:
The first, tested infrared laser light source 1 is closed, open four light emitting diodes of the fixed target 2-1 on the diffusion target 2.
The second, the position of adjustment CCD imaging system by computer processing system 7, makes four light emitting diodes all in visual scope.
The 3rd, measure the distance D of tested infrared laser light source 1 by computer processing system 7 to diffusion target 2; Adopt formula:
D = f × ( 1 + k × L b )
Wherein, D: diffusion target is to the distance of tested infrared laser light source, and f: the focal length of varifocal optical lens, k: coefficient, L: the distance of fixed target, promptly light emitting diode surrounds the foursquare length of side on the diffusion target, b: the pixel value of fixed target point-to-point transmission.
The 4th, open tested infrared laser light source 1, and adjust its angle, make the infrared laser hot spot 2-2 of its emission, in the square that four light emitting diode 2-1 of diffusion target 2 form.
The 5th, close four light emitting diodes of fixed target 2-1-on the diffusion target 2.
The 6th, regulate attenuator device 3, make infrared laser hot spot 2-2 not have saturation point.
The 7th, computer processing system is according to flow process: the light intensity intercepting->spot center determines->spot size calculates spot size.
The threshold value that the light intensity intercepting is calculated according to definite luminous energies such as dark current of ccd video camera by computer processing system.Thereby all pixels on the image are divided into effectively and inactive pixels, and to these effectively and inactive pixels carry out binary conversion treatment.
Spot center is determined to adopt centroid method, and the pixel count of establishing the x direction is i, and the pixel count of y direction is j, and each pixel corresponding gray is M (i, j), and available point corresponding gray M (i, j) perseverance is 1, Null Spot corresponding gray M (i, j) perseverance is 0, then the spot center position is:
x = Σ i = 1 i Σ j = 1 j iM ( i , j ) / Σ i = 1 i Σ j = 1 j M ( i , j ) y = Σ i = 1 i Σ j = 1 j jM ( i , j ) / Σ i = 1 i Σ j = 1 j M ( i , j )
Spot size calculates: with the spot center is the center of circle, with the outwards expansion gradually of equidistant annulus, the light intensity of being had a few and satisfying in circle: the light intensity of being had a few in the circle and/always light intensity and=predetermined electric power energy ratio, represent spot size with this desirable diameter of a circle.For the hot spot pattern of uneven distribution, obtain spot center o after, be the center of circle with o, at the radius r place, do the annulus that width is a, the gray scale Density Distribution ρ of this endless belt is:
ρ ( r ) = ∫ r - a / 2 r + a / 2 M ( r ) dr / ∫ r - a / 2 r + a / 2 2 πrdr
According to the Density Distribution ρ that following formula calculates, can obtain the relation of ρ-r.Center with hot spot is the center of circle, is that unit is searched near the radius of circle R of 63% total valid pixel with 1 pixel, is spot radius R.
The 8th, by computer processing system 7 according to formula:
θ = 2 × arctan ( R D )
Can draw the angle of divergence of tested infrared laser light source 1.
The angle of divergence for the infrared laser light source of being tested is big, the focal length of varifocal optical lens can be turned down, the angle of divergence of maximum detection examination is 10 °, the angle of divergence for the infrared laser light source of being tested is little, the focal length of varifocal optical lens can be transferred greatly, the minimum testable angle of divergence is 0.5 °.

Claims (1)

1. the method for testing of an infrared laser lighting source diverging angle is characterized in that following these steps to finish test:
(1) regulates the center of the CCD image-generating unit of forming by attenuator device, varifocal optical lens, optical filter and ccd video camera, the center of CCD image-generating unit is equated with the distance of diffusion target with the distance and the tested infrared laser light source of diffusion target, and optical axis is approximate to be overlapped, and by this CCD image-generating unit and computer processing system the infrared laser hot spot on the diffusion target is tested;
(2) setting surrounds foursquare four light emitting diodes on diffusion target, and four light emitting diodes place on the position on foursquare four summits;
(3) close tested infrared laser light source, open be provided with on the diffusion target four fixedly light emitting diodes;
(4) adjust the CCD imaging system, by computer processing system, make four fixedly light emitting diode all in visual scope;
(5) adopt formula by computer processing system:
D = f × ( 1 + k × L b )
Calculate the distance of tested infrared laser light source to diffusion target; In the formula, D: diffusion target arrives the distance of tested infrared laser light source, f: the focal length of varifocal optical lens, and k: coefficient, L: the distance of fixed target, promptly light emitting diode surrounds the foursquare length of side on the diffusion target, b: the pixel value of fixed target point-to-point transmission;
(6) light beam that tested infrared laser light source is sent impinges upon on the diffusion target, and adjusts tested infrared laser light source, in the square that the light emitting diode of four stationkeeping that the infrared laser hot spot dropped on be provided with on the diffusion target surrounds;
(7) close be provided with on the diffusion target four fixedly light emitting diodes;
(8) calculate the infrared laser spot size by computer processing system according to following steps:
(8.1) light intensity intercepting: determine the threshold value that luminous energy is calculated by the dark current of ccd video camera, determine that light intensity is higher than the useful signal of pixel for participating in calculating of threshold value, promptly carries out binary conversion treatment to effective and invalid illumination pixel;
(8.2) spot center is determined: adopt centroid method to determine spot center;
(8.3) spot size calculates: with the spot center is the center of circle, with the outwards expansion gradually of equidistant annulus, the light intensity of being had a few satisfies in circle: the light intensity of being had a few in the circle and/always light intensity and=predetermined electric power energy ratio, represent spot size with this desirable diameter of a circle;
(9), adopt formula by distance D, the spot radius R of computer processing system according to diffusion target and tested infrared laser light source;
θ = 2 × arctan ( R D )
Calculate the angle of divergence of tested infrared laser light source.
CN2008102384142A 2008-12-10 2008-12-10 Method and device for testing infrared laser lighting source diverging angle Expired - Fee Related CN101435700B (en)

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