CN101431974B - 床,尤其是医院用床或护理床 - Google Patents

床,尤其是医院用床或护理床 Download PDF

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CN101431974B
CN101431974B CN2007800153166A CN200780015316A CN101431974B CN 101431974 B CN101431974 B CN 101431974B CN 2007800153166 A CN2007800153166 A CN 2007800153166A CN 200780015316 A CN200780015316 A CN 200780015316A CN 101431974 B CN101431974 B CN 101431974B
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bed
underframe
upper frame
light beam
control unit
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CN101431974A (zh
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T·E·安德森
M·福格
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Linak AS
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61GTRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/002Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons having adjustable mattress frame
    • A61G7/012Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons having adjustable mattress frame raising or lowering of the whole mattress frame
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C19/00Bedsteads
    • A47C19/04Extensible bedsteads, e.g. with adjustment of length, width, height
    • A47C19/045Extensible bedsteads, e.g. with adjustment of length, width, height with entire frame height or inclination adjustments
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61GTRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G1/00Stretchers
    • A61G1/02Stretchers with wheels
    • A61G1/0275Stretchers with wheels having driven wheels, e.g. motorised
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61GTRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/002Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons having adjustable mattress frame
    • A61G7/005Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons having adjustable mattress frame tiltable around transverse horizontal axis, e.g. for Trendelenburg position
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61GTRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/002Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons having adjustable mattress frame
    • A61G7/018Control or drive mechanisms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61GTRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/05Parts, details or accessories of beds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61GTRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G2203/00General characteristics of devices
    • A61G2203/70General characteristics of devices with special adaptations, e.g. for safety or comfort
    • A61G2203/72General characteristics of devices with special adaptations, e.g. for safety or comfort for collision prevention
    • A61G2203/726General characteristics of devices with special adaptations, e.g. for safety or comfort for collision prevention for automatic deactivation, e.g. deactivation of actuators or motors

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Nursing (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Therapy (AREA)
  • Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)
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Abstract

床,包括下框架(1)和上框架(2),该上框架上安装有用于床垫的支撑表面,并且该上框架(2)连接到下框架(1),从而通过由电动马达驱动的一个或多个调节装置(5,6),上框架可以相对于下框架上升和下降。为防止上框架下降时上框架与下框架之间的挤压,该床提供有防挤压装置。这些包括布置在下框架的角上的光源和接收器。该光源发送光束,该光束一路上沿着下框架并行进在下框架顶侧的紧上方。当光束阻断时,控制单元通过切断供应到马达上的电流而起作用。

Description

床,尤其是医院用床或护理床
技术领域
本发明涉及床,尤其是如同在权利要求1的前序部分中所述的医院用床或护理床。
背景技术
医院用床或护理床典型地包括下框架和上框架,下框架装备有驱动轮,上框架连接到下框架上,从而上框架可以作为一个整体上升或倾斜,使得病人可以头部朝下或头部朝上(分别为正、反特伦德伦博格(Trendelenburg,antiTrendelenburg)卧位)。该运动或者是通过提升杆,或者是通过与连接机构相连的驱动器产生的。这种床的例子例如可以从Huntleigh Technology plc的EP0488582A2中获知。总之,在人们直接或者不直接地将工具(如地面拖把)挤压在这样的结构中时,显然是危险的。还有的经历是,病人起床并踩在脚开关上,从而使床运动。为了防止挤压,例如在Okin的DE19814269和Martin的US4534077中提出使用接触条带,所述接触条带切断供应到马达上的电流。Paramount的JP2002125807提到的床中,带有相应光电管的两个平行光源安装在上框架下面,或者更特别地,安装在连接机构与上框架的连接处,并且当光束被阻断时,上框架停止或者上升。在Hill-Rom的WO03/088885A1中,基于光毯、光源和光接收器的熟练定位描述了许多关于挤压保护装置的实施例。
本发明涉及挤压保护装置的类型,在WO03/088885A1的图12中指出,光源和相应的接收器位于下框架每一侧之上,且在其侧边元件上。为避免干扰,光源在所述两个侧边元件上互相对着布置,从而光线在相对方向上传送。另一个光源和接收器位于床的脚部。它们位于横杆的外部正面上,从而它们不与侧边元件上面的光束抵触。由于该光源位于横杆的侧边,其不提供任何直接保护,以防止来自上框架的挤压。在床的床头处,没有提供防止挤压的保护装置,尽管医院用床和护理床频繁地活动和保持自由停靠。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供更加完全覆盖的该类挤压保护装置。
这根据本发明通过设计如权利要求1所述的床实现。通过布置光源,使得光束一路上沿着下框架的顶边,也即侧边件及其两端的顶边传送,这直接防止了在床下挤压东西。如果某人将脚搁在下框架上,则防止上框架运动,同样地在小孩想在床下爬行时也有这种效果。在用拖把对床下的地面进行清洗时,拖把阻断光束也将防止床运动。这与Okin在DE19814269中陈述的和Paramout在JP2002125807中构建的带接触条带的挤压保护装置不同,对于后者,上框架在运行而不切断供应到马达的电流以停止该运行,直至达到接触。作为上框架的惯性的结果,无论如何将发生一定程度的挤压,不像根据本发明的结构,如果有陌生物体在床底阻断光束,上框架完全不能移动。可能有人反对说当把脚搁在下框架上时不可能调节该床,但是另一方面这预先防止了脚受到挤压。对比上述Hill-Rom在WO03/088885A1中提到的结构,防止挤压的保护装置在围绕床的各方面上获得,鉴于床绕着医院或护理所活动并经常暂时性地在房间或大厅过道中自由停靠,这除了别的以外是重要的。此外,经验显示尽管床布置为其床头靠着墙,这不防止床下的通道。
光束可以以不同方式在上框架的顶边上传播,例如在三个角上布置镜子,而光源和接收器布置在最后一个角上。然而,更安全和更明确工作的实施例是:将具有连接到控制单元的光源和接收器的主控器单元布置在下框架的一个角上,而转发光信号的从属器布置在其他角上。
对于控制单元如何起作用,人们可以考虑不同的选择,这完全依赖于结构的专门实施例。典型地,致使马达停止并且控制单元防止上框架进一步下降,但是不防止上框架上升。如果方便,如果光束在上框架下降时被阻断,控制单元可以布置为使驱动器自动短暂反转,也即使上框架提升一段距离。
附图说明
本发明的实施例将在下面结合附图更加全面地说明,其中:
图1表示医院床的示意图,
图2表示对床的挤压保护装置的示意图,
图3显示表格,
图4表示IR发射器和IR接收器的定时图,
图5表示挤压保护装置的运行方法的简化流程图,
图6表示带有IR发射器和接收器的主控器的透视图。
具体实施方式
图1所示的医院床包括装备有驱动轮的下框架1和上框架2。上框架上安装有用于床垫的可调节支撑表面,通过驱动器可以将其调节到假定的不同形状。该上框架2通过在其每一端的连接机构3、4连接到下框架。该上框架可以通过连接到连接机构的两个驱动器5、6升起和降下。所述驱动器是由低压直流电机驱动的线性驱动器,该类电机在均为LinakA/S的EP531247B1、EP647799B1中说明。所述驱动器连接到包括有电力供应和控制部的控制单元7。驱动器通过手动控制器8操作。
该床装备有安装在下框架1的顶边上的防止挤压保护装置,该挤压保护装置的结构在图2中提出。在下框架1的一个角安装有带红外线(IR)发射器的主控器9,IR发射器直接沿着并紧贴在下框架1的一个侧边件之上发送光束到邻近角,在邻近角上布置有从属器(slave)10,该从属器接收并转发信号,并将该信号沿着并紧贴在床脚附近的横杆之上传送到相邻角,在该相邻角中布置着另外一个从属器11,该从属器11将光沿着该下框架的其他侧边件传送到在相邻角中的再一个从属器12,该再一个从属器最终将信号传送回布置有接收器的主控器9。如果IR信号在其围绕下框架的途中中断,用于停止驱动器的信号就传送到控制单元,并且该控制单元阻止上框架进一步下降,而且在发现有必要时还可以提升该上框架。
图6示出了包括IR发射器和接收器的主控器9的立体图。该IR发射器穿过已知为窗口9a的镜头/滤光器发送光束。所述从属器10-12由相应的外壳组成,但是包括接收器/转发器,其接收并传送光束直至光束回到主控器9,在那里光束进入窗口9a。为了方便装配过程,光束的方向由位于外壳顶部上的箭头指示。为了阻止来自下框架顶边的分散的反射,镜头/滤光器的下面部分可以具有亚光处理部(mattfinish)9c。构造9d指示用于安装在下框架上的螺丝孔。
该控制单元可以包括总线,各种电气单元例如驱动器、手动控制器、控制面板等,可以连接到该总线上。该挤压保护装置的主控器9可以连接到相应的总线。为启动该挤压保护装置,主控器发射六个38kHz调制的IR脉冲,并且所有六个信号必须被接收到并为了被接收而至少有400μs。该主控器随后在总线系统中等待预定的1-框架(RESERVED 1-frame),当检测到时,位30被设置,用于指示该挤压保护系统连接到了该控制单元。位31仅仅在有一个接收到的IR脉冲低于400μs时被设置。用于IR发射器和IR接收器的定时图表附带地表示在图3中。如果该控制单元设置了位31,如在图表4中,控制单元将停止上框架潜在的下降。关于该挤压保护装置运行方法的简化流程图在图5中示出,并且该流程图代表其本身。
在光束不被阻断的情况下,在上框架2和构成主控器9和从属器10-12的外壳上边之间有东西受到挤压的可能性不太大。但是为排除这种可能性,用于在上框架下降时停止驱动器的开关可以布置在主控器9和从属器10-12的上边上。可选地,在外壳内引导并从上边中的开口处突出的弹簧负载板可以被布置在主控器和从属器10-12的外壳中。如果该板被压下,其被推入到光束通道中并阻断所述光束。该弹簧负载将会是:当该负载释放时,其自己的板再次被往上拉并从光束通道中离开。
本发明正是这样带来了具有在各个方面中对抗挤压的扩展保护的床。

Claims (8)

1.一种床,包括:
下框架(1),该下框架典型地装备有驱动轮,和上框架(2),该上框架上安装有用于床垫的支撑表面,并且该上框架(2)连接到下框架(1),从而通过由电动马达驱动的一个或更多个调节装置,上框架能够相对于下框架上升和下降,该电动马达具有控制单元(7),该控制单元能够由控制器(8)触发,并且该床装备有用于防止东西挤压在上框架下面的挤压保护装置,所述挤压保护装置包括在下框架顶边上的光源,该光源将红外线光束发送到连接至控制单元的接收器,并且当红外线光束被阻断时,控制单元收到信号,从而停止马达,其特征在于:
该光源和接收器互相紧邻布置,并且该红外线光束一路上沿着下框架传送到该接收器;
主控器(9)连接到所述控制单元上并包括所述光源和接收器,且主控器(9)布置在该下框架的一个角上,而转发光信号的从属器(10,11,12)布置在其他角上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的床,其特征在于:所述红外线光束在所述下框架上面传送。
3.根据权利要求1所述的床,其特征在于:所述主控器(9)和从属器(10-12)构建在各自的带有用于发射和接收红外线光束的开口的外壳中,所述外壳设计安装在下框架(1)的顶边上。
4.根据权利要求3所述的床,其特征在于:有开关安装在所述外壳的上边上,当上框架(2)下降并触发该开关时,使得所述马达停止运转。
5.根据权利要求3所述的床,其特征在于:在外壳内具有弹簧负载板,该弹簧负载板的一端通过弹簧负载从外壳上边的开口处突出,并且当该弹簧负载板压入外壳中时,该弹簧负载板的另一端被推入到红外线光束中并阻断该红外线光束。
6.根据权利要求1所述的床,其特征在于:所述床是医院用床。
7.根据权利要求1所述的床,其特征在于:所述床是护理床。
8.根据权利要求2所述的床,其特征在于,所述红外线光束在下框架顶边的紧邻上面传送。
CN2007800153166A 2006-04-27 2007-04-27 床,尤其是医院用床或护理床 Expired - Fee Related CN101431974B (zh)

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US9517171B2 (en) 2016-12-13
US20090064414A1 (en) 2009-03-12
AU2007246034A1 (en) 2007-11-08
DK2012731T3 (da) 2012-05-07
CN101431974A (zh) 2009-05-13
WO2007124748A1 (en) 2007-11-08
AU2007246034B2 (en) 2012-09-20
ATE546120T1 (de) 2012-03-15
RU2008146224A (ru) 2010-06-10
ES2381124T3 (es) 2012-05-23
RU2414877C2 (ru) 2011-03-27
EP2012731A1 (en) 2009-01-14
US20170202717A1 (en) 2017-07-20
PL2012731T3 (pl) 2012-07-31
EP2012731B1 (en) 2012-02-22

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