CN101430417B - 广角镜头及成像装置 - Google Patents

广角镜头及成像装置 Download PDF

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CN101430417B
CN101430417B CN2007102023900A CN200710202390A CN101430417B CN 101430417 B CN101430417 B CN 101430417B CN 2007102023900 A CN2007102023900 A CN 2007102023900A CN 200710202390 A CN200710202390 A CN 200710202390A CN 101430417 B CN101430417 B CN 101430417B
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light
wide
combining prism
lens
imaging
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CN101430417A (zh
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梁国彦
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Hongfujin Precision Industry Shenzhen Co Ltd
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
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Hongfujin Precision Industry Shenzhen Co Ltd
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/06—Panoramic objectives; So-called "sky lenses" including panoramic objectives having reflecting surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/1006—Beam splitting or combining systems for splitting or combining different wavelengths
    • G02B27/1013—Beam splitting or combining systems for splitting or combining different wavelengths for colour or multispectral image sensors, e.g. splitting an image into monochromatic image components on respective sensors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/14—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only
    • G02B27/149—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only using crossed beamsplitting surfaces, e.g. cross-dichroic cubes or X-cubes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B33/00—Colour photography, other than mere exposure or projection of a colour film
    • G03B33/08—Sequential recording or projection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B33/00—Colour photography, other than mere exposure or projection of a colour film
    • G03B33/10—Simultaneous recording or projection
    • G03B33/12—Simultaneous recording or projection using beam-splitting or beam-combining systems, e.g. dichroic mirrors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B37/00—Panoramic or wide-screen photography; Photographing extended surfaces, e.g. for surveying; Photographing internal surfaces, e.g. of pipe
    • G03B37/04—Panoramic or wide-screen photography; Photographing extended surfaces, e.g. for surveying; Photographing internal surfaces, e.g. of pipe with cameras or projectors providing touching or overlapping fields of view
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/10—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from different wavelengths
    • H04N23/12—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from different wavelengths with one sensor only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/10—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from different wavelengths
    • H04N23/125—Colour sequential image capture, e.g. using a colour wheel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/58—Means for changing the camera field of view without moving the camera body, e.g. nutating or panning of optics or image sensors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/698—Control of cameras or camera modules for achieving an enlarged field of view, e.g. panoramic image capture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
    • H04N25/10—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof for transforming different wavelengths into image signals
    • H04N25/11—Arrangement of colour filter arrays [CFA]; Filter mosaics
    • H04N25/13—Arrangement of colour filter arrays [CFA]; Filter mosaics characterised by the spectral characteristics of the filter elements
    • H04N25/134—Arrangement of colour filter arrays [CFA]; Filter mosaics characterised by the spectral characteristics of the filter elements based on three different wavelength filter elements

Abstract

本发明提供一种广角镜头，其包括镜筒及收容于该镜筒内的成像透镜组。该广角镜头还包括设置于该成像透镜组物侧的合光棱镜。该合光棱镜包括三个裸露于该镜筒外的入射面及与该成像透镜组相对的出射面，该三个入射面镀有不同的单色滤光膜以分别滤取不同波长的单色光。本发明的广角镜头可收集三个视场(对应合光棱镜的三个入射面)的入射光，具有理想的视场角(接近270°)。另外，本发明还提供一种采用该广角镜头的成像装置。

Description

广角镜头及成像装置
技术领域
本发明涉及成像技术，特别涉及一种广角镜头及成像装置。
背景技术
电子式医用内视镜通常包括成像镜头及设置于成像镜头像侧的影像感测器，成像镜头包括镜筒及收容于镜筒内的成像镜片组。为了方便腔内检查或者腔内手术操作，一般要求医用内视镜具有广角成像特性，即要求成像镜头具有广角特性。为此，业界企图通过设计成像镜片组中各个镜片的光焦度及各个镜片的间距来提高成像镜头的视场角，然而，由此获得的成像镜头的视场角并不理想。
发明内容
有鉴于此，有必要提供一种具有理想视场角的广角镜头及采用该广角镜头的成像装置。
一种广角镜头，其包括镜筒及收容于该镜筒内的成像透镜组。该广角镜头还包括设置于该成像透镜组物侧的合光棱镜。该合光棱镜包括三个裸露于该镜筒外的入射面及与该成像透镜组相对的出射面，该三个入射面镀有不同的单色滤光膜以分别滤取不同波长的单色光。
一种成像装置，其包括广角镜头及设置于该广角镜头像侧的影像感测器。该广角镜头包括镜筒及收容于该镜筒内的成像透镜组。该广角镜头还包括设置于该成像透镜组物侧的合光棱镜。该合光棱镜包括三个裸露于该镜筒外的入射面及与该成像透镜组相对的出射面，该三个入射面镀有不同的单色滤光膜以分别滤取不同波长的单色光。
相较于现有的成像镜头，本发明的广角镜头可收集三个视场(对应合光棱镜的三个入射面)的入射光，具有理想的视场角(接近270°)。采用该广角镜头的成像装置可同时摄取(收集光线并生成对应的图像)三个视场的场景，具有广角成像特性。
附图说明
图1为本发明第一实施方式的成像装置的结构示意图。
图2为本发明第一实施方式所采用的影像感测器的结构示意图。
图3为本发明第二实施方式的成像装置的结构示意图。
图4为本发明第二实施方式所采用的色轮的平面示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明的广角镜头及成像装置可应用于医用内视镜中。
请参阅图1，第一实施方式的成像装置100包括广角镜头10及设置于广角镜头10像侧的影像感测器20。广角镜头10包括镜筒11、收容于镜筒11内的成像镜片组12及设置于成像镜片组12物侧的合光棱镜13(X-cube)。合光棱镜13包括三个裸露于镜筒11外的入射面13r，13g，13b及与成像透镜组12相对的出射面13w，三个入射面13r，13g，13b分别镀有红(R)、绿(G)、蓝(B)色滤光膜14r，14g，14b以分别滤取红、绿、蓝三种单色光。
镜筒11用于固持成像镜片组12及合光棱镜13，并阻隔外界光线进入成像光路(合光棱镜13的出射面13w与影像感测器20之间的光路)影响成像。具体地，本实施方式的镜筒11采用塑料空心圆筒，其物侧端形成有合光棱镜收容部111，合光棱镜收容部111与合光棱镜13形状相配合。如此，合光棱镜13固设于合光棱镜收容部111将密封镜筒11，以阻隔外界光线进入成像光路影响成像。
成像镜片组12用于光学成像(将合光棱镜13的出射面13w的出射光成像于影像感测器20)，其可采用一片或多片同轴设置的塑料球面镜、塑料非球面镜、玻璃球面镜或玻璃非球面镜，视需求(如对广角镜头10的成像质量、成本或尺寸的要求)而定。本实施方式的成像镜片组12采用四片球面玻璃镜，以保证广角镜头10的成像质量，控制广角镜头10的成本及尺寸。
合光棱镜13包括相互接合的四个偏振分光棱镜(polarization beam splitter)。由于三个入射面13r，13g，13b分别镀有红、绿、蓝滤光膜14r，14g，14b，所以：入射面13r的入射光只有红色光(红色s偏振光)由出射面13w进入镜筒11；入射面13g的入射光只有绿色光(绿色s偏振光)由出射面13w进入镜筒11；入射面13b的入射光只有蓝色光(蓝色s偏振光)由出射面13w进入镜筒11。即，合光棱镜13的三个入射面13r，13g，13b分别用于收集红、绿、蓝三种单色光。
影像感测器20可采用电荷耦合型(charge coupled device，CCD)感测器或补充性金属半导体(complementary metal oxide semiconductor，CMOS)感测器。请一并参阅图2，CCD感测器及CMOS感测器一般包括三个分别用于感测红、绿、蓝三种单色光的像素阵列，每个像素阵列分别用于产生图像的一个原色分量(primary color component)。可以理解，本实施方式中，三个像素阵列产生的三个原色分量分别对应入射面13r，13g，13b的入射光经成像镜片组12后所成的原色像。
具体地，本实施方式的影像感测器20采用CCD感测器，并设置于成像镜片组12的像平面处。
相较于现有的成像镜头，本发明的广角镜头10可收集三个视场(对应合光棱镜13的三个入射面13r，13g，13b)的入射光，具有广角特性(接近270°)。本发明的成像装置100可同时摄取(收集光线并生成对应的图像)三个视场的场景，具有广角成像特性。
请参阅图3，第二实施方式的成像装置200与成像装置100的区别包括：成像装置200还包括一个设置于成像透镜组12与合光棱镜13之间的色轮15。
请一并参阅图4，色轮15包括红、绿、蓝三段滤光片组成的环状滤光片组件152及用于驱动环状滤光片组件152转动的马达151。环状滤光片组件152部分(约一段)嵌入镜筒11，并插入成像光路中。如此，当马达151转动时，环状滤光片组件152的红、绿、蓝三段滤光片轮流插入成像光路，分离合光棱镜13的出射面13w的出射光以产生以产生红，绿，蓝时序色光。即，时序地允许入射面13r，13g，13b的入射光经过成像镜片组12(如入射面13r，13g，13b的红、绿、蓝单色光按序经过成像镜片组12)成像于影像感测器20。如此设置，当成像装置200应用于医用内视镜或其他动态摄像装置(video camera)进行动态拍摄时，影像感测器20将轮流摄取三个视场的场景(在三个视场间切换显示)，具有广角成像特性。
应该指出，上述实施方式仅为本发明的较佳实施方式，本领域技术人员还可在本发明精神内做其它变化。这些依据本发明精神所做的变化，都应包含在本发明所要求保护的范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种广角镜头，其包括镜筒及收容于该镜筒内的成像透镜组；其特征在于：该广角镜头还包括设置于该成像透镜组物侧的合光棱镜；该合光棱镜包括三个裸露于该镜筒外的入射面及与该成像透镜组相对的出射面，该三个入射面镀有不同的单色滤光膜以分别滤取不同波长的单色光。
2.如权利要求1所述的广角镜头，其特征在于，该合光棱镜密封该镜筒。
3.如权利要求1所述的广角镜头，其特征在于，该广角镜头还包括设置于该成像透镜组与该合光棱镜之间的色轮，该色轮用于分离该合光棱镜的出射面的出射光以产生时序色光。
4.一种成像装置，其包括如权利要求1所述的广角镜头及设置于该广角镜头像侧的影像感测器。
5.如权利要求4所述的成像装置，其特征在于，该合光棱镜密封该镜筒。
6.如权利要求5所述的成像装置，其特征在于，该广角镜头还包括设置于该成像透镜组与该合光棱镜之间的色轮，该色轮用于分离该合光棱镜的出射面的出射光以产生时序色光。
7.如权利要求6所述的成像装置，其特征在于，该合光棱镜的三个入射面分别用于收集红、绿，蓝三种单色光；该色轮用于分离该合光棱镜的出射面的出射光以产生红，绿，蓝时序色光；该影像感测器包括分别用于感测红，绿，蓝光的三个像素阵列。
CN2007102023900A 2007-11-05 2007-11-05 广角镜头及成像装置 Expired - Fee Related CN101430417B (zh)

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