CN101429072A - Humic acid composite slow release fertilizer and producing method thereof - Google Patents
Humic acid composite slow release fertilizer and producing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a humic acid composite slow-release fertilizer and a method for preparing the same. In the fertilizer, weathered coal and the common fertilizer are used as raw materials, and subjected to activation of the weathered coal, material mixing, high-temperature spraying granulation and drying to obtain the fertilizer. By the organic-inorganic combination, the organic-inorganic mutual-aid control and the nutrient slow release, the fertilizer improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer (10 to 15 percent), reduces loss of nutrients and avoids the secondary pollution. The fertilizer has the characteristics of wide material source, high mechanical strength of fertilizer particle (the mechanical strength is more than and equal to 16N), no deliquescence, convenient transportation and use and the like, and has wide application prospect in production.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to slow release fertilizer and production method thereof, more specifically, the present invention relates to humic acid composite slow release fertilizer and production method thereof.
[background technology]
The slow release fertilizer of development is mainly enveloped slow release fertilizer both at home and abroad, used coated fertilizer mainly contains two classes, the one, organic high molecular polymer (for example resin polyolefins), the 2nd, the inorganic materials of slightly water-soluble or microsolubility (as sulphur, ground phosphate rock, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate etc.).The making of high polymer film-coated type slow release fertilizer needs special coating tower and solvent, and the coated fertilizer price is more expensive, and the production process cost is higher, and coated fertilizer decomposes slow and easily residual in soil.But the controlled release properties of macromolecule polymeric material is better.Because price is higher, high polymer film-coated type slow release fertilizer is used for garden crop, lawn, golf course and ornamental plant etc. more.The inorganic materials enveloped slow release fertilizer of slightly water-soluble or microsolubility can be made of opening common granulating equipment, and the production process cost is low, and the fertilizer price is low, but its controlled release properties is relatively poor relatively, and nutrient slowly-released effect is not ideal enough.
The combination of organic-inorganic nutrient is the fundamental principle of China's fertilizer practice, it also is the important directions of fertilizer industry development, organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is to realize organic-inorganic bonded technology carrier, is the product up-gradation to traditional organic fertilizer, is to realize China's agricultural year fine important leverage.
Humic acids has functions such as good physiologically active and absorption, complexing, exchange, be the larger molecular organics matter that occurring in nature extensively exists, be widely used in every field such as agricultural are herded, oil, chemical industry, building materials, medical and health, environmental protection, across tens industries.Particularly advocate ecological agriculture construction, pollution-less agriculture production, green food, pollution-free environmentfriendly products etc. now, more make ＂ humic acids ＂ enjoy high praise.In recent years, China's humic acids series product was increasing, as Sodium salts humic acids, potassium humate, nitro humic acid, particle humic acids SPNH High Temperature High Pressure fluid loss agent, FA drought resistance agent, compoiste fertilizer, peat nutrition soil etc.
The present invention makes certain density slip with humic acids and different chemical fertilizer mixed dissolution in water, carry out spray granulating under hot conditions, and make the humic acids composite slow-release fertilizer.This is the compound slow release fertilizer of a kind of multi-functional organic-inorganic, has the fertile characteristics of confession of the long-lasting and nutrient slowly-released property of inorganic fertilizer of organic fertilizer nutrient concurrently.Wherein, humic acids is the sustained release dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer and stablizer, the synergistic agent of phosphate fertilizer, the protective material of potash fertilizer, be in, amendment, the complexing agent of trace element, fertilizer is had synergistic function.In addition, humic acids can also provide nutritive substance, improves the soil, and culture fertility improves product quality, improves the drought resisting of crop, cold-resistant, anti-anti-adversity ability such as saline and alkaline.Therefore humic acid composite slow release fertilizer is compared with general compound manure and is had the utilization rate of fertilizer height, combines the use of land with the nurturing of land, improves output, improves many advantages such as quality.
At present, humic-acid kind compound (mixing) hypertrophy all is to form by the granulating method manufacturing by disk or tumbledrum process, and humic acid material and chemical fertilizer recombination process mainly are physical mixed, and product appearance quality, inner quality, slow-releasing etc. are all poor.Product of the present invention is to prepare humic acid composite slow release fertilizer by the dry granulating technology of slip high temperature dehydration.
Therefore, also need the compound manure of organic and inorganic bonded sustained release performance excellence now, for this reason, the inventor has carried out a large amount of research work, has finished the present invention finally.
[summary of the invention]
[technical problem that will solve]
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of particulate state humic acid composite slow release fertilizer.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of production method of above-mentioned humic acid composite slow release fertilizer.
[technical scheme]
The present invention uses and contains the profuse weathered coal of humic acid substance as slow-release material and general chemistry fertilizer, adopt the high temperature whitewashing to dehydrate granulating, produce humic acid composite slow release fertilizer, realize that organic and inorganic is in conjunction with, organic and inorganic mutual aid regulation and control, nutrient slowly-released etc., improve this season utilization ratio of fertilizer, and promote unemployed nutrient to be retained in the soil, increase soil fertility.
Principle of the present invention is to contain nutritive element, organic carbon long-chain and aromatic proton, hydroxyl, carboxyl isoreactivity groups such as C, H, O, N, P, K, S according to humic acids, by with chemical fertilizer in the nutrient ion carry out chemistry and physical actions such as bonding, gluing, complexing, make humic acid substance and chemical fertilizer molecule form more stable composite structure, reach organic and inorganic in conjunction with, organic and inorganic mutual aid regulation and control, nutrient slowly-released effect.
To achieve these goals, the present invention takes following technical proposals.
A kind of humic acid composite slow release fertilizer is characterized in that this fertilizer is composed as follows:
Activation weathered coal 30～80 weight parts
Chemical fertilizer 20～70 weight parts
The weight ratio of the nitrogen in its chemical fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium is respectively in this chemical fertilizer gross weight 17～46%, 10～48%, 30～56%.
The weight ratio of described chemical fertilizer and described nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be adjusted according to actual agriculture production needs, and their amount possibility is higher or lower all to be possible, also be essential, so they all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
On meaning of the present invention, described activation weathered coal should be appreciated that it is after mixing and water addings such as weathered coal and potassium hydroxide or ammoniacal liquor are stirred, to make weathered coal slaking and activation, improves that it is water-soluble.Described activation weathered coal is characterised in that fineness is generally more than 100 orders.
On meaning of the present invention, described weathered coal should be appreciated that it is the activation weathered coal.
Preferably, this humic acid composite slow release fertilizer is composed as follows:
Activation weathered coal 50～60 weight parts
Chemical fertilizer 40～50 weight parts.
Wherein, described chemical fertilizer is one or more chemical fertilizer that are selected from nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer or potash fertilizer.
Described nitrogenous fertilizer is one or more nitrogenous fertilizer that are selected from ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride or nitrocalcite.
Described phosphate fertilizer is one or more phosphate fertilizer that are selected from ground phosphate rock, ammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate or thomas phosphate.
Described potash fertilizer is that one or more are selected from potash fertilizer such as vitriolate of tartar, Repone K.
On meaning of the present invention, described chemical fertilizer also should comprise trace element fertilizers such as secondary nutrientses such as calcareous fertilisers, fertiliser containing magnesium, sulfur fertilizer and iron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, copper fertilizer except nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer.In fact, in humic acid composite slow release fertilizer of the present invention, can also contain other fertilizer compatible, for example various organic fertilizer, contain the fertilizer of useful element (as Se, Ti, Co etc.) etc. with fertilizer of the present invention.
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of humic acid composite slow release fertilizer, it is characterized in that the step of this method is as follows:
A. past 100 weight part weathered coals add 2% potassium hydroxide 5～10 weight parts or 30～40 weight parts, 25% ammoniacal liquor or 20～30 weight part bicarbonate of ammonia and 15～20 weight parts waters, compress in heaps after stirring, cover one deck coal ash or plastics film, place after 3～5 days, can make described activation weathered coal;
B. the activation weathered coal that allows step A obtain mixes with water, obtains moisture 55%～60% slip, adds the chemical fertilizer that one or more are selected from nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer or potash fertilizer then, mixes to make the compound slip of organic-inorganic; The chemical fertilizer that adds should make last humic acid composite slow release fertilizer reach following composition:
Activation weathered coal 30～80 weight parts
Chemical fertilizer 20～70 weight parts.
C. feed the water vapor of 120～180 ℃ of pressure 6～10MPa, temperature in the slip that obtains toward step B, should be heated to 50～80 ℃ by compound slip;
D. use high-pressure pump will this compound slip to inject directly on the rotary drum material curtain in the spray granulating system by 4～6MPa pressurized air then, described material curtain is made up of the returning charge powder of subsequent granulation and potash fertilizer powder;
In the present invention; described spray granulating system is the spray granulating system that those skilled in the art know; spray granulating machine for example, the spray granulating system that the dry Engineering Co., Ltd of spray granulating system, Luoyang Rui Dao of selling with trade(brand)name spray granulating machine as Jining Hui Spring industrial and mineral equipment company limited sells with trade(brand)name rotating cylinder sponging granulator, the spray granulating system that Yutai China clear water treatment project company limited sells with the trade(brand)name spray granulation drier.
Returning charge powder that described material curtain is a subsequent granulation and potash fertilizer powder are formed, and the part by weight of described returning charge powder and potash fertilizer powder is 2～4.
E. be blown into the high-temperature hot-air of 300 ℃～400 ℃ of temperature on the described material curtain of step D simultaneously, granulating and dry rapidly under action of high temperature.The temperature of described fertilizer is that 85 ℃, water-content reach 0.2～0.5% (weight part) when discharge port;
F. the fertiliser granulates that step e is obtained is sent into trommel screen and is sieved, cooling, and packing obtains described humic acid composite slow release fertilizer.
In the present invention, described trommel screen is the screening plant that those skilled in the art know, for example: the trommel screen that the trommel screen that the trommel screen that Xiang power environment protection equipment company limited of Shenyang section sells with trade(brand)name GT-series trommel screen, Wuxi City duplex engineering conveyor tool company limited sell with trade(brand)name GTS series trommel screen, Shijiazhuang City Yongxing machinery company limited sell with trade(brand)name GTS type trommel screen.
Humic acid composite slow release fertilizer production method of the present invention as shown in Figure 1.
Available nutrient in the humic acid composite slow release fertilizer of the present invention can adopt standard method GB8572-88, GB/T 8573-1999 or GB 8574-88 to measure nitrogen content, phosphorus content and potassium content respectively.
Uses such as humic acid composite slow release fertilizer of the present invention can be used as base manure, topdresses, seed manure.
The usage quantity of humic acid composite slow release fertilizer of the present invention needs to determine according to factors such as soil regime, crop varieties, crop growth phase, crop alimentary situations.
[beneficial effect]
Advantage of the present invention is: product is a humic acid composite slow release fertilizer, discharges to utilize at nutrient and can realize organic-inorganic mutual aid regulation and control, slowly-releasing, has strengthened the slow release effect of fertilizer, has improved utilization rate of fertilizer; In farming, can simplify agricultural operation; On benefit, can improve plant recovery of nutrient (10～15%); Particularly " organic-inorganic mutual aid regulation and control ", can be organic short inorganic, build up fertility, reduce nutrient loss, avoid secondary pollution, reduce agricultural cost, and have raw material sources extensively, deliquescence not, transport, use characteristics such as convenient; Product fertiliser granulates physical strength height (physical strength 〉=16N), have a extensive future aborning.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is a humic acid composite slow release fertilizer Production Flow Chart synoptic diagram of the present invention.
1 weathered coal, 2 slurry vessels, 3 chemical fertilizer, 4 air, 5 high-pressure pump, 6 spray granulating systems, 7 high-temperature gases, 8 returning charges, 9 coolings, 10 screenings, 11 products.
[embodiment]
Embodiment 1:
Take by weighing 100 weight part dryings, the above weathered coal of crushing screening 80 orders, toward wherein adding 25 weight part bicarbonate of ammonia and 20 weight parts waters, compress in heapsly after stirring, cover and press one deck coal ash or plastics film, place discharging after 3 days, obtain described activation weathered coal.Then, adding water in the described activation weathered coal mixes, obtain moisture 60% activation weathered coal slip, add respectively again with activation weathered coal slip weight part and count 20% ammonium sulfate, 10% vitriolate of tartar and 20% ammonium phosphate, make the compound slip of organic-inorganic, stirring and evenly mixing, toward wherein feeding 8MPa, 150 ℃ of high-temperature steams, the compound slip of this organic-inorganic is heated to 60 ℃, re-use in high-pressure pump directly sprays into slip by nozzle atomization the 4.2m * 22m of spray granulating system by 5.0MPa pressurized air the rotary drum and (on the wall flight is arranged around the rotary drum, in 300 blocks of material curtain plates are arranged, every 40cm * 80cm), aerosol directly are sprayed onto mainly on the material curtain that is formed by internal return powder (the potash fertilizer powder for adding originally) and carry out " curtain spraying "; Be blown into 300 ℃～400 ℃ high-temperature hot-air simultaneously at spray material port, the atomizing slip that sprays into is through " curtain spraying ", and under the elevated temperature heat wind action rapid granulating drying.At discharge port, the direct discharging of qualified fertiliser granulates, underproof particle enters the returning charge pipeline by the returning charge mouth and gets back to opening for feed and carry out " curtain spraying " again.Becoming the temperature of granule product when rotary drum exports is 85 ℃, ℃, moisture 0.3% (weight part).Then, fertiliser granulates directly enters trommel screen (2m * 12m) sieve and cooling off is finished product.Carrying out the product packing then gets final product.This product adopts standard method GB 8572-88, GB/T 8573-1999 and GB 8574-88 determination and analysis nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content respectively, obtains N:13%; P
2O
5: 5%; K
2O:10%.
Embodiment 2:
Take by weighing 100 weight part dryings, the above weathered coal of crushing screening 80 orders, toward wherein adding 25 weight part bicarbonate of ammonia and 20 weight parts waters, compress in heapsly after stirring, cover and press one deck coal ash or plastics film, place discharging after 3 days, obtain described activation weathered coal.Then, adding water in the described activation weathered coal mixes, obtain moisture 60% slip, be metered into weight part by nutrients ratio again and be respectively 20% ammonium sulfate, 15% Repone K and 15% ammonium phosphate, make the compound slip of organic-inorganic, stirring and evenly mixing, toward wherein feeding 8MPa, 150 ℃ of high-temperature steams, the compound slip of this organic-inorganic is heated to 60 ℃, re-use in high-pressure pump directly sprays into its slip the 4.2m * 22m of spray granulating system by 5.0MPa pressurized air the rotary drum and (on the wall flight is arranged around the rotary drum, in 300 blocks of material curtain plates are arranged, every 40cm * 80cm), aerosol directly are sprayed onto mainly on the material curtain that is formed by internal return (the sylvite powder for adding originally) and carry out " curtain spraying "; Be blown into 300 ℃～400 ℃ high-temperature hot-air simultaneously at spray material port, the atomizing slip that sprays into is through " curtain spraying ", and under the elevated temperature heat wind action rapid granulating drying.At discharge port, the direct discharging of qualified fertiliser granulates, underproof particle enters the returning charge pipeline by the returning charge mouth and gets back to opening for feed and carry out " curtain spraying " again.Temperature during the granulating products export is 85 ℃, moisture 0.4% (weight part).Then, fertiliser granulates directly enters trommel screen (2m * 12m) sieve and cooling off is finished product.Carrying out the product packing then gets final product.This product adopts standard method GB 8572-88, GB/T 8573-1999 and GB 8574-88 determination and analysis nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content respectively, obtains N:15%; P
2O
5: 6%; K
2O:8%.
Embodiment 3:
Take by weighing 100 weight part dryings, the above weathered coal of crushing screening 80 orders, toward wherein adding 25 weight part bicarbonate of ammonia and 20 weight parts waters, compress in heapsly after stirring, cover and press one deck coal ash or plastics film, place discharging after 3 days, obtain described activation weathered coal.Then, adding water in the described activation weathered coal mixes, obtain moisture 60% slip, adding weight part respectively by nutrients ratio metering again is 10% nitrocalcite, 10% Repone K, 10% vitriolate of tartar and 15% ammonium phosphate, make the compound slip of organic-inorganic, stirring and evenly mixing, feed pressurized high-temperature steam (8Pa, 150 ℃) be heated to 60 ℃, feed the 25kg air through high-pressure pump (5Pa) compression atomizing, directly spray in the rotary drum of the 4.2m * 22m of spray granulating system and (on the wall flight is arranged around the rotary drum, in 300 blocks of material curtain plates are arranged, every 40cm * 80cm), aerosol directly are sprayed onto mainly on the material curtain that is formed by internal return (the sylvite powder for adding originally) and carry out " curtain spraying "; Be blown into 300 ℃～400 ℃ high-temperature hot-air simultaneously at spray material port, the atomizing slip that sprays into is through " curtain spraying ", and under the elevated temperature heat wind action rapid granulating drying.At discharge port, the direct discharging of qualified fertiliser granulates, underproof particle enters the returning charge pipeline by the returning charge mouth and gets back to opening for feed and carry out " curtain spraying " again.Temperature during the granulating products export is 85 ℃, moisture 0.3% (weight part).Then, fertiliser granulates directly enters trommel screen (2m * 12m) sieve and cooling off is finished product.Carrying out the product packing then gets final product.This product adopts standard method GB 8572-88, G B/T8573-1999 and GB 8574-88 determination and analysis nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content respectively, obtains N:15%; P
2O
5: 8%; K
2O:10%.
[fertilizer test]
Experimental example 1: fertilizer slow release test
With reference to relevant document (Xue Shichuan, Sun Zhimei, Peng Zhengping, Du Huiying, the nutrient element releasing rule of humic acid combined fertilizer and controlled release mechanism research [J], " humic acid ", 2001, (3/4): 30-32), the test method of utilization lab simulation soil drip washing has been carried out the slowly-releasing test of nutrient N in the humic acid composite slow release fertilizer.
Two processing are established in test: (1) CK, (Jining, Shandong chemical industry limited liability company of high section produces, N:P for common compound fertilizer
2O
5: K
2O=16:16:16); (2) HAF is the humic acid composite slow release fertilizer (N:P of the embodiment of the invention 1
2O
5: K
2O=13:5:10).
Test method: respectively by pure nutrient N 228mg/kg soil, P
2O
5228mg/kg soil, K
2The consumption of O 114mg/kg soil takes by weighing fertilizer, with the abundant mixing of soil, pack in the pvc pipe (Φ 12cm), connect a big funnel that is connected with emulsion tube under the pvc pipe, be covered with one deck gauze and quartz sand in advance in the big funnel, the emulsion tube end opening seals with tongs, be the disturbance that prevents to water to last soil layer, soil the superiors shop one deck quartz sand or filter paper, keeping soil moisture content with deionized water is 60% of field capacity, place 25 ℃ of room temperatures, duration of test is sealed the pvc pipe mouth with sealing film, in case moisture evaporation.As 1 hour (h) in interval, 7 hours (h), 23 hours (h), 47 hours (h), 95 hours (h), 1 week (1w), 2 weeks (2w), 4 weeks (4w), during 5 weeks (5w), in pvc pipe, add the 50m1 deionized water respectively, open tongs behind the balance 1h, collect the equivalent transudate with beaker, measure the nutrient content in the transudate, be considered as being cultured to 2h, 8h, 24h, 48h, 96h, 1w, 2w, 4w, the nutrient release amount during 5w.Test is provided with 4 repetitions.
Test-results: compare with ordinary compound fertilizer, humic acid composite slow release fertilizer of the present invention (HAF) has slow release effect (seeing Table 1,2,3) preferably.By the testing data in the table, can find, at the drip washing initial stage, the nutrient stripping quantity of humic acid composite slow release fertilizer and ordinary compound fertilizer just shows certain otherness, in drip washing before 48 hours, each nutrient stripping quantity of humic acid composite slow release fertilizer all is lower than ordinary compound fertilizer, and afterwards, the former nutrient stripping percentage amounts just has been higher than the latter; After test carried out for 2 weeks, the stripping quantity of the nitrogen of ordinary compound fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium nutrition was all less than 1%, and the accumulation stripping quantity reaches N 97%, P respectively
2O
594% and K
2O 99%, and humic acid composite slow release fertilizer still has certain nutrient stripping quantity after 7 weeks of drip washing, and the accumulation stripping quantity of each nutrient is respectively N 90%, P
2O
583% and K
2O 85%.As seen, humic acid composite slow release fertilizer has slow-releasing preferably than ordinary compound fertilizer.
The stripping law of table 1 humic acid composite slow release fertilizer nitrogen of the present invention (N)
Table 2 humic acid composite slow release fertilizer phosphorus of the present invention (P
2O
5) stripping law
Table 3 humic acid composite slow release fertilizer potassium of the present invention (K
2O) stripping law
Experimental example 2:
Utilize field test to carry out the fertilizer efficiency checking of fertilizer of the present invention, test-results shows, under the condition that waits the nitrogen nutrient amount, product of the present invention can improve crop yield (8～15%), improved utilization rate of fertilizer, having reduced the drip washing semi-invariant (30～50%) of soil profile nitrate, improved this season utilization ratio of nitrogen nutrient, is a kind of environmental friendly fertilizer.The manure trial and the result thereof of product are as follows:
The field test of fertilizer efficiency checking of the present invention is carried out in the Yanzhou, Shandong, and test is provided with: (1) CK: be contrast, use the conventional fertilizer application mode of producing, (Jining, Shandong chemical industry limited liability company of high section produces, N:P with common composite fertilizer
2O
5: K
2O=16:16:16) 375kg/hm
2Make base manure, impose urea (Jining, Shandong chemical industry limited liability company of high section produces, and N 46%) 165kg/hm again in big mouthful of phase of corn
2(2) HAF: the fertilizer product (N:P that uses the embodiment of the invention 1
2O
5: K
2O=13:5:10) 1045kg/hm
2, the nitrogen consumption is identical with contrast, and it is disposable employed to make base manure.The experimental plot area is 333m
2, each is handled 3 times and repeats random alignment.Other field management is with local farmland.The ripe results of corn back meter produces.Take soil sample with earth boring auger, 3 points are got in each sub-district, and sampling depth is 200cm, and 20cm is a level, takes back the laboratory then rapidly, take by weighing fresh soil sample 12.00g in plastics vibration bottle, add 100mL 0.01mol/L CaCl
2The solution lixiviate was vibrated 1 hour, filtered, and filtrate is measured each layer soil nitrate nitrogen content with ultraviolet spectrometry.
Table 4 fertilizer product of the present invention is to the influence of Soil Nitrate content
Test-results: contrast (CK), corn yield 10877.85kg/hm2, using fertilizer product corn yield of the present invention is 12394.35kg/hm2, data processed result shows: fertilizer product of the present invention is obvious to the effect of increasing production of corn, than common composite fertilizer do base manure, after impose processing (CK) volume increase 13.94% of urea.Use fertilizer product of the present invention and can obviously reduce the interior nitrate nitrogen content (seeing Table 4) of soil profile 2m, the soil profile nitrate nitrogen content of using fertilizer product of the present invention (HAF) 0～200cm only is 59% of contrast, nitrate content has reduced by 41%, as seen, the ecological risk of the nitric nitrogen polluted underground water of contrast is apparently higher than using fertilizer product of the present invention.Test-results shows, waiting under the nitrogen nutrient amount condition, fertilizer product of the present invention can significantly improve crop yield (about 14%), reduced the drip washing semi-invariant (about 40%) of soil profile nitrate, can make this season utilization ratio of nitrogen improve 5～10%, improving utilization rate of fertilizer (10～15%), is a kind of environmental friendliness, economical fertilizer.
This shows that fertilizer of the present invention has that sustained release performance is excellent, nutrient this season utilization rate height, environment The characteristics such as close friend. Its technical matters processed is simple, raw material sources are wide, easy operating, cost are low etc.
Claims (9)
1. humic acid composite slow release fertilizer is characterized in that this fertilizer is composed as follows:
Activation weathered coal 30～80 weight parts
Chemical fertilizer 20～70 weight parts
The weight ratio of the nitrogen in its chemical fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium is respectively in this chemical fertilizer gross weight 17～46%, 10～48%, 30～56%.
2. humic acid composite slow release fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that this fertilizer is composed as follows:
Activation weathered coal 50～60 weight parts
Chemical fertilizer 40～50 weight parts
3. humic acid composite slow release fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described chemical fertilizer is one or more chemical fertilizer that are selected from nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer or potash fertilizer.
4. humic acid composite slow release fertilizer according to claim 3 is characterized in that described nitrogenous fertilizer is one or more nitrogenous fertilizer that are selected from ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate or nitrocalcite.
5. humic acid composite slow release fertilizer according to claim 3 is characterized in that described phosphate fertilizer is one or more phosphate fertilizer that are selected from ground phosphate rock, ammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate or thomas phosphate.
6, humic acid composite slow release fertilizer according to claim 3 is characterized in that described potash fertilizer is one or more potash fertilizer that are selected from Repone K, vitriolate of tartar or potassic-magnesian fertilizer.
7. the production method of a humic acid composite slow release fertilizer is characterized in that the step of this method is as follows:
A. past 100 weight part weathered coals add 2% potassium hydroxide 5～10 weight parts or 30～40 weight parts, 25% ammoniacal liquor or 20～30 weight part bicarbonate of ammonia and 15～25 weight parts waters, compress in heaps after stirring, cover one deck coal ash or plastics film, place after 3～5 days, can obtain described activation weathered coal;
B. the activation weathered coal that allows step A obtain mixes with water, obtains moisture 55～60% slip, adds the chemical fertilizer that one or more are selected from nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer or potash fertilizer then, mixes to make the compound slip of organic-inorganic; The chemical fertilizer that adds should make last humic acid composite slow release fertilizer reach following composition:
Activation weathered coal 30～80 weight parts
Chemical fertilizer 20～70 weight parts.
C. feed the water vapor of 120～180 ℃ of pressure 6～10MPa, temperature in the slip that obtains toward step B, should be heated to 50 ℃～80 ℃ by compound slip,
D. use high-pressure pump will this compound slip to inject directly on the rotary drum material curtain in the spray granulating system by 4～6MPa pressurized air then, described material curtain is made up of the returning charge powder of subsequent granulation and potash fertilizer powder;
E. be blown into the hot blast of 300 ℃～400 ℃ of temperature on the described material curtain of step D simultaneously, granulating and dry rapidly under the elevated temperature heat wind action, the temperature of described fertilizer is that 85 ℃, water-content reach 0.2～0.5% (weight part) when discharge port;
F. the fertiliser granulates that step e is obtained is sent into trommel screen and is sieved, cooling, and packing obtains described humic acid composite slow release fertilizer.
8, method according to claim 7 is characterized in that described spray granulating system is the high temperature spray granulation drier.
9, method according to claim 7 is characterized in that the ratio of described returning charge powder and potash fertilizer powder is 2～4.
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| CN102249780A (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2011-11-23 | 桑德环境资源股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing organic granular fertilizer by municipal waste compost |
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| CN102584498A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-07-18 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Humic acid urea and preparing method thereof |
| CN103044154A (en) * | 2013-01-21 | 2013-04-17 | 山东普金肥料有限公司 | Humic acid long-acting compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN100560543C (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2009-11-18 | 郭宗恒 | A kind of working method of humic acidic ammonium complex blending fertilizer |
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