CN102030585B - Corn special fertilizer in case of returning all straws to field in Huanghuai Plain and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Corn special fertilizer in case of returning all straws to field in Huanghuai Plain and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a corn special fertilizer in case of returning all straws to field in Huanghuai Plain and a preparation method thereof. The raw materials of the corn special fertilizer are as follows in parts by mass: 15-35 parts of urea, 15-17 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 22-24 parts of potassium chloride, 23-39 parts of weathered coal and 5 parts of granulating additives; and the granulating additives are formed by fertilizer adhesives and activated additives with the mass ratio of (3-4):(1-2). The corn special fertilizer is prepared through disc granulating by adding granulating additives after the raw materials are dried, crushed and mixed. The corn special fertilizer has the characteristics that the production process is simple, the cost is low, no environment pollution exists, the utilization rate is high and the increasing of capability of efficiency is realized, and the fertilizer and the method are suitable for demands of corn production in case of returning all straws to field in Huanghuai Plain.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to field of fertilizer manufacturing, particularly prescription of corn fertilizer and preparation method thereof under the Plain of Huanghua Area returning total stalks into fields condition.
Two, background technology
In recent years, the research and development of new-type fertilizer and the emphasis of application turn to composite fertilizer by straight fertilizer both at home and abroad.The Special Fertilizers for Various Crops material is a kind of as composite fertilizer, because the nutritive element kind is more abundant, proportioning is more reasonable, it is convenient to use, deeply is subjected to the welcome in fertilizer market.Corn is at the sown area of China and ultimate production is only second to paddy rice and wheat occupies the 3rd.Corn is food crop, is again economy and feed dual-purpose crop, also is the important source material of hundreds of Industrial products simultaneously, accounts for extremely important status in national economy.Therefore, the research and development of corn fertilizer are paid attention to using always deeply, and for example, CN101125775A discloses a kind of prescription and compound method of the corn special-purpose fertilizer that forms take urea, ammonium chloride, phosphorus ammonium, potash fertilizer, sulphur ammonium, carbon ammonium, additive as raw material.CN 101638343A provides the method for utilizing oil shale lime-ash, furfural dregs, calcium carbonate, urea, Secondary ammonium phosphate, Repone K, polyvinyl alcohol, W-Gum, Dyhard RU 100 pulvis, citric acid, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, borax etc. to prepare corn special-purpose fertilizer.CN 101054327A utilizes the preparation special carbon-base slow release fertilizer for corn such as corn cob granule carbon particle, granular urea, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate, Repone K, boron fertilizer, Acidic Bentonite or clay.But, at present China's corn special-purpose fertilizer merely take crop species as the main reference factor, ignored the important factors such as soil type, tillage method of corn growth.Area 6000 sq-kms in the Plain of Huanghua Area are that China promotes straw-returning, promote the emphasis agricultural producing region of farmland stalk resource comprehensive utilization, and traditional fertilizer application mode can not adapt to the demand of current Plain of Huanghua Area Maize Production, demands urgently improving.
Three, summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of corn fertilizer and preparation method thereof according to the nutrient uptake feature of corn growth under the returning total stalks into fields condition of the Plain of Huanghua Area.
The present invention adds the compound additive that is comprised of sizing agent and activator take urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K and weathered coal as basic raw material, and disc granulation makes.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of corn fertilizer, raw materials quality part is composed as follows:
15～35 parts in urea, 15～17 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 22～24 parts in Repone K, 23～39 parts of weathered coals, 5 parts of pelletizing additives;
Described pelletizing additives is fertilizer sizing agent and activating additive in mass ratio (3～4): the combination of (1～2).
Described fertilizer sizing agent is selected from: kaolin, wilkinite or atlapulgite.
Described activating additive is selected from: potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.
In the corn fertilizer of the present invention, the nutrient mass ratio is N: P
2O
5: K
2O=8～16: 6～7: 12～13.
The particle diameter of described urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K, weathered coal is 0.1～0.3mm; Water content≤the 2wt% of urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K wherein, weathered coal water content≤20wt%.Weathered coal organic content 50wt%, free state content of humic acid 〉=30wt%.
One of further preferred corn fertilizer prescription such as following A～C:
A. corn fertilizer, raw materials quality part consists of: 1 part of 35 parts in urea, 15 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 22 parts in Repone K, 23 parts of weathered coals, 4 parts of fertilizer sizing agents and activating additive; Described fertilizer sizing agent is selected from atlapulgite, and described activating additive is selected from potassium hydroxide.
The corn fertilizer nutrient content of this prescription is N: P
2O
5: K
2O=16: 6: 12, be particularly suitable for using as base manure in the lower plot of basic soil fertility.
B. corn fertilizer, raw materials quality part consists of: 1.5 parts of 20 parts in urea, 15 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 22 parts in Repone K, 38 parts of weathered coals, 3.5 parts of fertilizer sizing agents and activating additives; Described fertilizer sizing agent is selected from atlapulgite, and described activating additive is selected from potassium hydroxide.
The corn fertilizer product nutrient content of this prescription is N: P
2O
5: K
2O=10: 6: 12, be particularly suitable for using as base manure in the medium plot of basic soil fertility.
C. corn fertilizer, raw materials quality part consists of: 2 parts of 15 parts in urea, 17 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 24 parts in Repone K, 39 parts of weathered coals, 3 parts of fertilizer sizing agents and activating additives; Described fertilizer sizing agent is selected from atlapulgite, and described activating additive is selected from potassium hydroxide.
The corn fertilizer product nutrient content of this prescription is N: P
2O
5: K
2O=8: 7: 13, be particularly suitable for using as base manure in the higher plot of basic soil fertility.
The preparation method of corn fertilizer of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K, each raw material of weathered coal is suitably dry, make the water content of urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K≤2%, weathered coal water content≤20%.After each feed composition drying, pulverize, to particle diameter 0.1～0.3mm.
(2) take by weighing in proportion each feed composition that step (1) obtains, mix, get compound, deliver in the granulating disc,
(3) get in proportion fertilizer sizing agent and activating additive soluble in water, be sprayed onto in the compound in the granulating disc, the water content of control compound is at 40～50wt%, and the rotating speed of pelletizing disks is controlled at 30～40r/min.
(4) fertilizer after the granulation is placed Rotary drying sclerosis and secondary granulation in 60 ℃～70 ℃ rotary drying drums, carry out again vibrosieve, get the fertilizer finished product of particle diameter 1mm～4.75mm, water content≤10wt%.
Above-mentioned steps (4) screening out greater than the fertiliser granulates of 4.75mm after crushed, returning charge is granulation again, diameter is less than the directly returning charge granulation of fertiliser granulates of 1mm.
The fertilizer finished product of the water content that above-mentioned steps (4) makes≤10%, particle diameter 1mm～4.75mm is deposited in dry shady and cool place through bagging and packaging.
The application of corn fertilizer of the present invention is as the base manure applied once.Amount of application is about 1450～1550kg/hm
2, the corn growth typhon mouth phase imposes urea 15～20kg/hm again
2, comparable existing peasant habit fertilization mode volume increase about 10%.
The present invention take urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K, weathered coal, fertilizer sizing agent and activating additive as basic raw material, produces N: P according to the nutrient uptake feature of corn growth under the returning total stalks into fields condition of the Plain of Huanghua Area
2O
5: K
2The corn fertilizer of O=8～16: 6～7: 12～13 has reasonable ratio, and preparation technology is simple, and is with low cost, and the advantage such as increase production and improve productivity significantly is fit to the needs of Maize Production under the returning total stalks into fields condition of the Plain of Huanghua Area very much.
Four, embodiment
Used weathered coal is that the prosperous humic acid factory product that reaches in Shanxi is sold weathered coal organic content 〉=50wt%, free state content of humic acid 〉=30wt% among the embodiment.
Embodiment 1: a kind of corn fertilizer, take urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K and weathered coal as basic raw material, pelletizing additives is fertilizer sizing agent and activating additive, and the mass parts of each component is: 1 part of 35 parts in urea, 15 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 22 parts in Repone K, 23 parts of weathered coals, 4 parts of fertilizer sizing agents and activating additive; Described fertilizer sizing agent is atlapulgite, and described activating additive is potassium hydroxide.
The preparation method is as follows:
Batching, granulation: with urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K raw material drying to water content≤2wt%,, the weathered coal raw material drying is to water content≤20wt%.Behind the raw material drying, pulverize, make each feedstock component particles diameter 0.1～0.3mm.The mixing of weighing in proportion of raw material after the drying and crushing in belt conveyor is delivered to granulating disc, is added pelletizing additives in the time of disc granulation.Fertilizer sizing agent and activating additive is soluble in water, be sprayed onto in the granulating disc by the shower nozzle above the pelletizing disks.The water content of mixing raw material should be controlled at 45wt% in the pelletizing disks, and the rotating speed of pelletizing disks should be controlled at 30～40r/min.
Dry sclerosis: the fertilizer after the granulation carries out the dry hardening process of fertiliser granulates in belt conveyor is delivered to rotary drying drum, and the temperature in the rotary drying drum should be controlled at 64 ℃～66 ℃.In the time of the drying cylinder rotation, fertilizer can carry out secondary granulation.
Screening: directly send into after the dry sclerosis of fertiliser granulates in rolling screen and the reciprocating vibration sieve, greater than the fertiliser granulates of 4.75mm after crushed, returning charge is granulation again, and diameter is less than the directly returning charge granulation of fertiliser granulates of 1mm.
Finished product packing: the fertilizer finished product of water content≤10%, particle diameter 1mm～4.75mm is delivered to through belt conveyor and is sent in the fertilizer wrapping machine, bagging and packaging, and deposit in dry shady and cool place.
The corn fertilizer nutrient content that makes is N: P
2O
5: K
2O=16: 6: 12.
This corn fertilizer is adapted at the lower plot of basic soil fertility and uses as base manure, and amount of application is 1500kg/hm
2, the typhon mouth phase can impose urea 18kg.Increase production approximately 15% than peasant habit fertilization mode.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of corn fertilizer, the mass parts of each component is: 1.5 parts of 20 parts in urea, 15 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 22 parts in Repone K, 38 parts of weathered coals, 3.5 parts of fertilizer sizing agents and activating additives; Described fertilizer sizing agent is atlapulgite, and described activating additive is potassium hydroxide.
The preparation method is with embodiment 1.Corn fertilizer product nutrient content is N: P
2O
5: K
2O=10: 6: 12.
This corn fertilizer is adapted at the medium plot of basic soil fertility and uses as base manure, and amount of application is 1500kg/hm
2, the typhon mouth phase can impose urea 18kg.Increase production approximately 11% than peasant habit fertilization mode.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of corn fertilizer, the mass parts of each component is: 2 parts of 15 parts in urea, 17 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 24 parts in Repone K, 39 parts of weathered coals, 3 parts of fertilizer sizing agents and activating additives; Described fertilizer sizing agent is atlapulgite, and described activating additive is potassium hydroxide.
The preparation method is with embodiment 1.Corn fertilizer product nutrient content is N: P
2O
5: K
2O=8: 7: 13.
This corn fertilizer is adapted at the higher plot of basic soil fertility and uses as base manure, and amount of application is 1500kg/hm
2, the typhon mouth phase can impose urea 18kg.Than peasant habit fertilization mode volume increase about 8%.
The field experiment result:
Comparative Examples: common Repone K composite fertilizer, wherein N, P
2O
5, K
2O content is respectively 15wt%, 15wt%, 15wt%, urea, nitrogen content 46wt%.
The effect of above embodiment 1～3 and Comparative Examples is as follows:
Test site: Jinan, Shandong Province city Licheng District, Wudi County, Shandong Province, Zoucheng City of Shandong Province
Test period: 2009～2010.
For examination corn variety: Zheng Dan 958.
Each experimental point is established basic, normal, high three test sites of basic soil fertility, and 3 kinds of fertilizer of embodiment 1～3 are used in grouping respectively, and application process: as the base manure applied once, amount of application is about 1500kg/hm
2, the corn growth typhon mouth phase imposes urea 18kg/hm again
2And take Comparative Examples fertilizer as control group, the Comparative Examples fertilizer amount is pressed local farmers custom Determination of quantity, and its fertilizing method is the peasant habit method, and namely Repone K composite fertilizer imposes in the seed furrow at seeding time, and urea imposed in the corn typhon mouth phase.The effect average result sees Table 1.
Table 1. is compared the effect of embodiment 1～3 with Comparative Examples
| Stimulation ratio (%) | Reduce fertilising cost (unit/hm 2) | Net earnings increases (%) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 15.4 | 670 | 22.6％ |
| Embodiment 2 | 10.5 | 590 | 14.2％ |
| Embodiment 3 | 7.8 | 690 | 14.4％ |
Claims (6)
1. corn fertilizer under the Plain of Huanghua Area returning total stalks into fields condition, it is characterized in that: raw materials quality part is composed as follows:
15 ~ 35 parts in urea, 15 ~ 17 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 22 ~ 24 parts in Repone K, 23 ~ 39 parts of weathered coals, 5 parts of pelletizing additives;
Described pelletizing additives is fertilizer sizing agent and activating additive in mass ratio (3 ~ 4): the combination of (1～2);
Described fertilizer sizing agent is selected from kaolin, wilkinite or atlapulgite;
Described activating additive is selected from potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide;
Make according to the following steps:
(1) urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K, each raw material of weathered coal is suitably dry, make the water content of urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K≤2%, weathered coal water content≤20%; After each feed composition drying, pulverize, to particle diameter 0.1 ~ 0.3mm;
(2) take by weighing in proportion each feed composition that step (1) obtains, mix, get compound, deliver in the granulating disc;
(3) get in proportion fertilizer sizing agent and activating additive soluble in water, be sprayed onto in the compound in the granulating disc, the water content of control compound is at 40 ~ 50wt%, and the rotating speed of pelletizing disks is controlled at 30 ~ 40r/min;
(4) fertilizer after the granulation is placed Rotary drying sclerosis and secondary granulation in 60 ℃ ~ 70 ℃ rotary drying drums, carry out again vibrosieve, get the fertilizer finished product of particle diameter 1mm ~ 4.75mm, water content≤10wt%.
2. corn fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that raw materials quality part consists of: 1 part of 35 parts in urea, 15 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 22 parts in Repone K, 23 parts of weathered coals, 4 parts of fertilizer sizing agents and activating additive; Described fertilizer sizing agent is atlapulgite, and described activating additive is potassium hydroxide.
3. corn fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that raw materials quality part consists of: 1.5 parts of 20 parts in urea, 15 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 22 parts in Repone K, 38 parts of weathered coals, 3.5 parts of fertilizer sizing agents and activating additives; Described fertilizer sizing agent is atlapulgite, and described activating additive is potassium hydroxide.
4. corn fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that raw materials quality part consists of: 2 parts of 15 parts in urea, 17 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 24 parts in Repone K, 39 parts of weathered coals, 3 parts of fertilizer sizing agents and activating additives; Described fertilizer sizing agent is atlapulgite, and described activating additive is potassium hydroxide.
5. the application of each described corn fertilizer of claim 1～4 is as the base manure applied once.
6. the application of corn fertilizer as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that amount of application is 1450 ~ 1550kg/hm
2, the corn growth typhon mouth phase imposes urea 15 ~ 20kg/hm again
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| CN 201010512645 CN102030585B (en) | 2010-10-20 | 2010-10-20 | Corn special fertilizer in case of returning all straws to field in Huanghuai Plain and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102030585B true CN102030585B (en) | 2013-01-23 |
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| CN102503635A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-06-20 | 山西师范大学 | Production process for potassium nitrogen compound fertilizer |
| CN102491856A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2012-06-13 | 史丹利化肥股份有限公司 | Special slow release fertilizer for corn zinc power and preparation method thereof |
| CN102515950B (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2013-06-05 | 山东省农业可持续发展研究所 | Mid-low yield field alfalfa special-purposed fertilizer, preparation method thereof, and application method thereof |
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| CN1609077A (en) * | 2004-11-03 | 2005-04-27 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Production process of slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer for summer corn |
| CN1803734A (en) * | 2006-01-18 | 2006-07-19 | 山东农业大学 | Production method of dedicated substrate sustained release fertilizer for wheat by weathered coal |
| CN1948235A (en) * | 2006-08-14 | 2007-04-18 | 辽宁乌兰山生物技术有限公司 | High content organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer |
| CN101045653A (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2007-10-03 | 烟台开发区宝源生物实业有限公司 | Mixed fretilizer added with chelating middle trace element and production process thereof |
| CN101717300A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-06-02 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Chloride-based slow-release complex fertilizer and production process thereof |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1609077A (en) * | 2004-11-03 | 2005-04-27 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Production process of slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer for summer corn |
| CN1803734A (en) * | 2006-01-18 | 2006-07-19 | 山东农业大学 | Production method of dedicated substrate sustained release fertilizer for wheat by weathered coal |
| CN1948235A (en) * | 2006-08-14 | 2007-04-18 | 辽宁乌兰山生物技术有限公司 | High content organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer |
| CN101045653A (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2007-10-03 | 烟台开发区宝源生物实业有限公司 | Mixed fretilizer added with chelating middle trace element and production process thereof |
| CN101717300A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-06-02 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Chloride-based slow-release complex fertilizer and production process thereof |
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