CN101424453A - 炼油厂高温热联合系统及其应用 - Google Patents

炼油厂高温热联合系统及其应用 Download PDF

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CN101424453A
CN101424453A CNA2008102041299A CN200810204129A CN101424453A CN 101424453 A CN101424453 A CN 101424453A CN A2008102041299 A CNA2008102041299 A CN A2008102041299A CN 200810204129 A CN200810204129 A CN 200810204129A CN 101424453 A CN101424453 A CN 101424453A
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CN101424453B (zh
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张高博
张旭东
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Shanghai Youhua System Integration Technology Co., Ltd.
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SHANGHAI JIUYUAN PETROCHEMICAL CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及工厂高温热的换热系统,具体地说是一种利用高温位物流热量而设计的一种炼油厂高温热联合系统,其其特征在于将三个独立的热源装置采用热介质管连接并以热介质管中的导热油为传热媒介形成热联合的方式进行高温热量的采集利用。本发明同现有技术相比,优化了换热网络,节约燃料气和塔底再沸器的中压蒸汽,降低装置能耗,降低炼油成本,提高经济效益。

Description

炼油厂高温热联合系统及其应用
[技术领域]
本发明涉及工厂高温热的换热系统,具体地说是一种利用高温位物流热量而设计的一种炼油厂高温热联合系统。
[技术背景]
目前,公知的工厂的高温热的利用以各装置内利用为特点,如发生蒸汽等,各单元装置之间未考虑热量的综合利用,有高温热的单元装置内物流之间的换热有高温低用的情况存在,另一方面,其它单元装置的热阱物流需要加热升温,有些物流要通过加热炉消耗燃料或利用中压蒸汽加热以升高热阱物流的温度,在全厂范围内未实现高温位热量的多级利用,造成能量浪费,与“温度对口,梯级利用”科学用能原理不相符,导致燃料和蒸汽消耗较大,装置能耗高,消耗资源多。现有装置及工作流程如下:
热源装置11:所述的热源装置11,如催化裂化装置,催化裂化装置中的分馏塔6出来的350-300℃左右的热源装置11的物流经第一换热设备3与来自于热源装置11外部的其它装置,如常减压蒸馏装置、加氢处理等装置出来的80-150℃左右的其它装置物流进行换热,其它装置物流被换热到温度Ta=170-230℃,热源装置11的物流被换热到温度Tb=350-280℃后,热源装置11的物流经第二换热设备5的管程与第二换热设备5壳程中的240℃左右的中压蒸汽换热到温度Tc=270-250℃之后分两路,一路返回分馏塔6,一路经第三换热设备7冷却到90℃左右出装置。其中,第二换热设备5壳程中240℃左右中压蒸汽是由104-200℃的除氧水产生的,而分馏塔6底部出来的350—300℃左右的高温的热源装置11的物流与产生此240℃左右中压蒸汽的除氧水的换热温差大,高温位热量未得到科学、合理的梯级利用,降低了能量利用的质量,不节能。
热源装置22:所述的热源装置22,如重整装置或甲乙酮装置或特种溶剂油装置,这些装置中出来的200-260℃左右的热阱物流经加热炉9加热到温度T1r=200-280℃后返回另一分馏塔10,由于从另一分馏塔10底抽出的200-260℃左右热阱物流需要经加热炉加热到所需的温度T1r,然后才能返回另一分馏塔10的返塔入口,然而此温度T1r只略高于从另一分馏塔10底抽出的200-260℃左右的热阱物流的温度,所以专门用加热炉加热,增加了能耗,不科学。
热源装置33:所述的热源装置33,如芳烃抽提装置或甲乙酮装置,从这些装置中的又一分馏塔14底部抽出的150-200℃左右的物流,经第四换热设备13与厂内蒸汽管网出来的250-400℃左右的管网中压蒸汽换热到温度T2r=150-300℃再返回又一分馏塔14。由于从又一分馏塔14底抽出的150-200℃左右的物流加热到所需的150-300℃的温度T2r,然后再返回又一分馏塔14,此T2r=150-300℃的物流返塔温度较低,用250-400℃左右的中压蒸汽加热物流,传热温差大,蒸汽的热量未充分利用,降低了能量利用的质量,不节能。
上述各单元装置能量的利用没有系统的综合考虑,没有从全厂范围内优化匹配,高温位物流的热量的利用方式是发生蒸汽;产生的蒸汽进入蒸汽管网,输送至其它装置作为其它装置的热源;该做法能量转换环节较多,且蒸汽的输送也有损耗,最终的结果就是高温位物流的热量的利用效率低,高质低用,浪费严重,也增加了加热炉的高品质的燃料的消耗。
[发明内容]
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术的不足,依照“温度对口,梯级利用”的科学用能原则,从全厂范围内综合利用高温热,建立高温热大系统,优化换热网络,节约能源。
为实现上述目的,提供一种炼油厂高温热联合系统,包括三个热源装置,热源装置11主要由分馏塔6底部抽出口依次连接第一换热设备3及第二换热设备5的管程,第二换热设备5的管程出口再分两路,一路返回连接分馏塔6的下部回流入口,另一路连接第三换热设备7的管程进口组成;另一热源装置22主要由另一分馏塔10底部抽出口连接加热炉9进口,加热炉9出口再连接另一分馏塔10的返塔入口组成;又一热源装置33为主要由又一分馏塔14底部抽出口设两路,一路为出装置,另一路连接第四换热设备13的壳程进口,第四换热设备13的壳程出口再返回连接又一分馏塔14的返塔入口组成,其特征在于将三个独立的热源装置采用热介质管连接并以热介质管中的导热油为传热媒介形成热联合的方式进行高温热量的采集利用,其具体连接结构为:
在热源装置11中的分馏塔6与第一换热设备3之间增设第五换热设备16,分馏塔6底部抽出口连接第五换热设备16的管程进口,第五换热设备16的管程出口连接第一换热设备3的管程进口;
另一热源装置22中采用第六换热设备17壳程连接替换原加热炉9连接,即另一分馏塔10底部抽出口连接第六换热设备17壳程进口,第六换热设备17壳程出口再连接另一分馏塔10的返塔入口组成;
热源装置11中的第五换热设备16的壳程进口采用热介质管连接又一热源装置33中的第四换热设备13的管程出口,第五换热设备16的壳程出口连接另一热源装置22中的第六换热设备17的管程进口,第六换热设备17的管程出口再连接又一热源装置33中的第四换热设备13的管程进口;
其换热流程为:200-250℃的导热油通过热介质管进入热源装置11中新增的第五换热设备16的壳程,与第五换热设备16的管程中由分馏塔6底部抽出口出来的热源装置11的物流换热,换热后热源装置11物流的温度为Td,热源装置11物流再进第一换热设备3的管程与进第一换热设备3壳程的物流进行换热,进第一换热设备3壳程的物流被换热到Ta,热源装置11的物流被换热到Tb’,然后热源装置11的物流再进第二换热设备5的管程与进第二换热设备5壳程的物流换热到Tc之后热源装置11的物流分两路,一路返回分馏塔6下部回流入口,另一路进第三换热设备7的管程换热到90℃后出装置,使第二换热设备5不发生或少发生中压蒸汽;从第五换热设备16壳程出来的高于T1r的温度为T1r’的导热油15进入热源装置22中第六换热设备17的管程,并与第六换热设备17壳程中的从另一分馏塔10出来的热阱物流换热,热阱物流换热到T1r后返回另一分馏塔10的返塔入口,导热油再换热到高于T2r的温度T2r’,替换出原加热炉9消耗的高能质的一次能源;温度为T2r’的导热油再进入热源装置33中第四换热设备13的管程与第四换热设备13壳程中的由分馏塔14底部出来的热源装置33的物流换热,热源装置33的物流换热到T2r返回分馏塔14的返塔入口,导热油再换热到T3,替换出原第四换热设备13消耗的中压蒸汽,温度为T3的导热油再进入热源装置11开始循环换热。
所述的热源装置11为催化裂化装置;所述的热源装置22为重整装置或甲乙酮装置或特种溶剂油装置;所述的热源装置33为芳烃抽提装置或甲乙酮装置。
所述的换热设备由1-6台的换热器组成。
所述的温度Td为290-260℃,Ta为170-230℃,Tb’为280-260℃,Tc为270-250℃,T1r为200-280℃,T1r’为250-300℃,T2r为150-300℃,T2r’为210-290℃,T3为200-250℃。
一种炼油厂高温热联合系统的应用,其特征在于:应用于有温位在350-260℃的热源物流的化工装置或有温位在150-280℃的热阱物流的化工装置。
与现有技术相比,本发明优化换热网络,节约燃料气和塔底再沸器的中压蒸汽,降低装置能耗,降低炼油成本,提高经济效益。
[附图说明]
图1是现有化工单元装置换热系统连接示意图。
图2是本发明高温热大系统综合利用的连接示意图
指定图2为摘要附图。
参见图1和图2,3为第一换热设备;5为第二换热设备;6为分馏塔;7为第三换热设备;9为加热炉;10为另一分馏塔;13为第四换热设备;14为又一分馏塔;16为第五换热设备;17为第六换热设备;11为热源装置;22另一热源装置;33为又一热源装置。
[具体实施方式]
下面对本发明作进一步说明。
200-250℃的导热油通过热介质管进入热源装置11中新增的第五换热设备16的壳程,与第五换热设备16的管程中由分馏塔6底部抽出口出来的热源装置11的物流换热,换热后热源装置11物流的温度为Td=290-260℃,热源装置11物流再进第一换热设备3的管程与进第一换热设备3壳程的物流进行换热,进第一换热设备3壳程的物流被换热到Ta=170-230℃,热源装置11的物流被换热到Tb’=280-260℃,然后热源装置11的物流再进第二换热设备5的管程与进第二换热设备5壳程的物流换热到Tc=270-250℃之后热源装置11的物流分两路,一路返回分馏塔6下部回流入口,另一路进第三换热设备7的管程换热到90℃后出装置,使第二换热设备5不发生或少发生中压蒸汽;从第五换热设备16壳程出来的温度为T1r’=250-300℃的导热油15高于温度T1r=200-280℃,进入热源装置22中第六换热设备17的管程,并与第六换热设备17壳程中的从另一分馏塔10出来的热阱物流换热,热阱物流换热到T1r后返回另一分馏塔10的返塔入口,导热油再换热到温度T2r’=210-290℃,此T2r’温度高于T2r=150-300℃的,替换出原加热炉9消耗的高能质的一次能源;温度为T2r’的导热油再进入热源装置33中第四换热设备13的管程与第四换热设备13壳程中的由分馏塔14底部出来的热源装置33的物流换热,热源装置33的物流换热到T2r返回分馏塔14的返塔入口,导热油再换热到T3=200-250℃,替换出原第四换热设备13消耗的中压蒸汽,温度为T3的导热油再进入热源装置11开始循环换热。
上述的换热流程中由热源装置11的分馏塔6底部抽出口出来的350—300℃左右的热源装置11的物流在第五换热设备16的管程中不发生或少发生中压蒸汽,热源装置11的物流与热介质管中温度为T3=200-250℃的导热油换热,换热后导热油温度为T1r’=250-300℃,热源装置11的物流的温度换热到Td=290-260℃,导热油再与另一热源装置22的热阱物流换热,节省了原先设备中加热炉9消耗的燃料;之后导热油再与又一热源装置33的热阱物流换热,节省了第四换热设备13消耗的蒸汽,最终节省了原先加热炉9消耗的一次能源燃料和第四换热设备13消耗的中压蒸汽,使能量得到充分利用。

Claims (5)

1、一种炼油厂高温热联合系统,包括三个热源装置,热源装置(11)主要由分馏塔(6)底部抽出口依次连接第一换热设备(3)及第二换热设备(5)的管程,第二换热设备(5)的管程出口再分两路,一路返回连接分馏塔(6)的下部回流入口,另一路连接第三换热设备(7)的管程进口组成;另一热源装置(22)主要由另一分馏塔(10)底部抽出口设两路,一路为出装置,另一路连接加热炉(9)进口,加热炉(9)出口再连接另一分馏塔(10)的返塔入口组成;又一热源装置(33)为主要由又一分馏塔(14)底部抽出口设两路,一路为出装置,另一路连接第四换热设备(13)的壳程进口,第四换热设备(13)的壳程出口再返回连接又一分馏塔(14)的返塔入口组成,其特征在于将三个独立的热源装置采用热介质管连接并以热介质管中的导热油为传热媒介形成热联合的方式进行高温热量的采集利用,其具体连接结构为:
在热源装置(11)中的分馏塔(6)与第一换热设备(3)之间增设第六换热设备(16),分馏塔(6)底部抽出口连接第六换热设备(16)的管程进口,第六换热设备(16)的管程出口连接第一换热设备(3)的管程进口;另一热源装置(22)中采用第七换热设备(17)的壳程连接替换原加热炉(9)连接,热源装置(11)中的第六换热设备(16)的壳程进口采用热介质管连接又一热源装置(33)中的第四换热设备(13)的管程出口,第六换热设备(16)的壳程出口连接另一热源装置(22)中的第七换热设备(17)的管程进口,第七换热设备(17)的管程出口再连接又一热源装置(33)中的第四换热设备(13)的管程进口;
其换热流程为:200-250℃的导热油通过热介质管进入热源装置(11)中新增的第六换热设备(16)的壳程,与第六换热设备(16)的管程中由分馏塔(6)底部抽出口出来的热源装置(11)的物流换热,换热后热源装置(11)物流的温度为Td,热源装置(11)物流再进第一换热设备(3)的管程与进第一换热设备(3)壳程的物流进行换热,进第一换热设备(3)壳程的物流被换热到Ta,热源装置(11)的物流被换热到Tb’,然后热源装置(11)的物流再进第二换热设备(5)的管程与进第二换热设备(5)壳程的物流换热到Tc之后热源装置(11)的物流分两路,一路返回分馏塔(6)下部回流入口,另一路进第三换热设备(7)的管程换热到90℃后出装置,使第二换热设备(5)不发生或少发生中压蒸汽;从第六换热设备(16)壳程出来的高于T1r的温度为T1r’的导热油(15)进入热源装置(22)中第七换热设备(17)的管程,并与第七换热设备(17)壳程中的从另一分馏塔(10)出来的热阱物流换热,热阱物流换热到T1r后返回另一分馏塔(10)的返塔入口,导热油再换热到高于T2r的温度T2r’,替换出原加热炉(9)消耗的高能质的一次能源;温度为T2r’的导热油再进入热源装置(33)中第四换热设备(13)的管程与第四换热设备(13)壳程中的由分馏塔(14)底部出来的热源装置(33)的物流换热,热源装置(33)的物流换热到T2r返回分馏塔(14)的返塔入口,导热油再换热到T3,替换出原第四换热设备(13)消耗的中压蒸汽,温度为T3的导热油再进入热源装置(11)开始循环换热。
2、如权利要求1所述的一种炼油厂高温热联合系统,其特征在于:所述的热源装置(11)为催化裂化装置;所述的热源装置(22)为重整装置或甲乙酮装置或特种溶剂油装置;所述的热源装置(33)为芳烃抽提装置或甲乙酮装置。
3、如权利要求1所述的一种炼油厂高温热联合系统,其特征在于:所述的换热设备由1-6台的换热器组成。
4、如权利要求1所述的一种炼油厂高温热联合系统,其特征在于:所述的温度Td为290-260℃,Ta为170-230℃,Tb’为280-260℃,Tc为270-250℃,T1r为200-280℃,T1r’为250-300℃,T2r为150-300℃,T2r’为210-290℃,T3为200-250℃。
5、一种炼油厂高温热联合系统的应用,其特征在于:应用于有温位在350-260℃的热源物流的化工装置或有温位在150-280℃的热阱物流的化工装置。
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