CN101417904B - Weathered coal soil salinization modifying agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Weathered coal soil salinization modifying agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101417904B CN101417904B CN2008101601787A CN200810160178A CN101417904B CN 101417904 B CN101417904 B CN 101417904B CN 2008101601787 A CN2008101601787 A CN 2008101601787A CN 200810160178 A CN200810160178 A CN 200810160178A CN 101417904 B CN101417904 B CN 101417904B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a saline soil restoration material for weathered coal soil and a preparation method thereof. The restoration material consists of the following elements: weathered coal: 55 to 65 portions; monoammonium phosphate: 10 to 12 portions; carbamide: 2 to 6 portions; ferrous sulfate: 2 to 6 portions; zinc sulphate: 1 to 4 portions; manganous sulfate: 1 to 3 portions; calcareous adhesive: 5 to 15 portions and dilute nitric acid: 15 to 30 portions. The saline soil restoration material can be used as basic fertilizer or additional manuring. The saline soil restoration material for weathered coal soil can neutralize soil alkalinity, and the active calcium ion contained can replace the sodium ions absorbed on soil colloids which can be washed out of soil by rain water or irrigation water. The invention can raise the organic content in alkalization soil, make up for the insufficiency of the contents of the medium elements and trace elements in alkalization soil, and the active humic acid contained in the saline soil restoration material can promote plants to grow fast.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil improvement agent, be specially a kind of soil salinization modifying agent and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Saline soil has comprised solonchak, alkaline earth and salinization in various degree and alkali-affected soil, and the present saline soil area of China is 3,500 ten thousand hectares, and wherein, more than 1,000 ten thousand hectares of arable lands are subjected to saliferous harm.Because the geographic area difference, the characteristics of saline soil are difference to some extent.Marine solonchak is distributed in the coastland, has the entire body salt content and weighs, and salt is grouped into the characteristics based on muriate.The saline soil of the Yellow River and Huai He River sea plain is the patch shape more and is distributed in the arable land, and the poly-property of the table of salinity is strong, the very fast decline of soil salt content that the top layer is following.The saline soil of song-Nen plain belongs to soda type mostly, and soil body saltiness is not very too high, but the carbonate content height is big to the harm of plant, many spot shape bare lands occur.Ban Mo border solonchak mainly is distributed in the Hetao Irrigation District of the Junggar Basin, Hexi Corridor, Gansu, Yinchuan Plain in Ningxia and the Inner Mongol in Xinjiang, is in flakes to distribute, and major part is muriate-vitriol or vitriol-chloride type.Unconcerned border solonchak is distributed in Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, Turpan Basin and the Caidamu Basin, Qinghai, and this type solonchak area is big, and soil salification amount height, salinity obviously table are poly-, and the face of land forms thick and hard salt crust.
The improvement of salt and alkaline land utilization can take flushing to drench hydro project measures such as salt, draining, irrigation well, ditch, canal combination; Fertilizing soil, the face of land cover, use the agro-ecology measures such as plantation of fertilizer, kind rice and rice field-upland field rotation, afforestation, rational tillage, salt tolerant crop; And use chemical modifying measure improvement saline soil such as modifying agent, the control soil salinization.
The solid soil salinization modifying agent all is main component with calcium sulfate in the prior art.CN1487052 (03155201.3) soil salinization modifying agent is made up of terra alba, anhydrous calciumsulphate, sulfurous iron ore, oxalic acid, phosphorus, potassium and trace element.Smashing fineness requires 〉=120 orders, and this causes a large amount of dust pollutions easily in producing and using, and it recommends consumption is every mu of 500-700kg, and labour intensity is also very high.CN1377936 (01110198.9) discloses a kind of method of utilizing waste gypsum plate production saline-alkali soil conditioner and products thereof and has used, and utilizes waste gypsum plate to be raw material, makes after crushed, and the composition more than 75% is a calcium sulfate.It is to effectively utilizing building castoff, and it is significant to reduce environmental pollution, but because the insoluble of calcium sulfate is slow for the improvement of salt affected soil.
The soil salinization modifying agent main component of liquid is based on organic acid in the prior art.CN1263142 (00100436.0) discloses a kind of soil salinization modifying agent and preparation method thereof, is made up of citric acid, xanthohumic acid, humic acids, oxysuccinic acid, humic acid, propionic acid, Whitfield's ointment, suitable/FUMARIC ACID TECH GRADE, tetra-sodium etc., emulsifying agent soil temperature-100 and water.It is mainly mixed by acid, and is better to the improved effect of alkaline earth and alkali soil, and general to the improved effect of solonchak and salinization soil.CN1317539 (00105747.2) discloses a kind of soil salinization modifying agent, and it is made up of poly-maleic acid, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate and water.This invention contains the moisture of 40%-59%, and the amount of application of unit surface is not provided.Therefore,, overcome the weak point of above technology at the salinification characteristics of soil, produce a kind of improve saline and alkaline effective, to use alkaline land modifying agent simple, convenient transportation be that agriculture production is necessary.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of soil salinization modifying agent and preparation method thereof.
Summary of the invention: the present invention utilizes saline-alkali soil by the chemical improvement, with acid macromolecule organic matter sweetening of the soil alkalescence, eliminates the carbonate in the soil, reduces basicity; With the sodium ion of acive calcium ion displacement soil colloid absorption, make sodium ion go out soil with precipitation or irrigation drip washing; Can improve simultaneously the organic content of soil, improve soil fertility, chessom overcomes the deficiency of the moderate-element and the trace element of salt affected soil.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
Soil salinization modifying agent of the present invention, parts by weight of raw materials is composed as follows:
Weathered coal 55-65 part, monoammonium phosphate 10-12 part, urea 2-6 part, ferrous sulfate 2-6 part, zinc sulfate 1-4 part, manganous sulfate 1-3 part, calcareous tackiness agent 5-15 part; Rare nitric acid 15-30 part.
The humic acids content of described weathered coal is 20%～80%wt.
Described weathered coal be meant near or be exposed to brown coal, bituminous coal, the hard coal on the face of land, the product that forms through air, sunlight, sleet, dust storm, freezing etc. infiltration weathering, have characteristics such as intensity is low, hardness is little, water absorbability increases, and thermal value is low.The humic acids of process generation is called weathered coal humic acid thus, also claims natural regeneration humic acids.Humic acids content fluctuation in the weathered coal is bigger, can not wait from 5%～80%.The weathered coal that this not burning is worth is not used as useful Mineral resources in the past always, lets alone to discard contaminate environment.That China weathered coal resource distributes is wide, reserves are abundant, according to incompletely statistics, are about 1,000 hundred million tons, in Shanxi, provinces and regions such as Xinjiang, the Inner Mongol, Heilungkiang all have to concentrate and distribute.The weathered coal of Xinjiang region, not only reserves are big but also quality better, and the organic content of weathered coal is many more than 70%, and humic acids content is domestic and international rare higher-grade resource of humic acid more than 50%.
The preparation method of soil salinization modifying agent of the present invention, step is as follows:
(1) the exsiccant weathered coal is pulverized, cross 60 mesh sieves, take by weighing 55-65 part, join in the reaction warehouse, adding mass concentration by mass volume ratio (Kg/L) 1:0.30-0.40 is rare nitric acid of 20%, and the limit edged stirs, stir, the confined reaction storehouse, normal temperature was placed 12-24 hour, must contain the weathered coal of nitro humic acid.
(2) take by weighing powdery monoammonium phosphate 10-12 part, join in the described reaction warehouse of step (1), the limit edged stirs, the confined reaction storehouse, and normal temperature is placed ageing 12-24 hour.Then the drying materials in the reaction warehouse is pulverized, whole mistake 40 mesh sieves join in the granulating disc.
(3) respectively urea, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate and calcareous tackiness agent are pulverized; cross 40 mesh sieves; take by weighing urea 2-6 part, ferrous sulfate 2-6 part, zinc sulfate 1-4 part, manganous sulfate 1-3 part, calcareous tackiness agent 5-15 part; after mixing; join granulation in the described granulating disc of step (2), get the particulate state soil salinization modifying agent.
With above-mentioned particulate state soil salinization modifying agent oven dry, cooling is sieved, and gets product after the metering packing.
Humic acids R-(COOH) n and the reaction of salt affected soil intermediate ion after nitrated of soil salinization modifying agent of the present invention, weathered coal is as follows:
(1)R-(COOH)
n+Na
2CO
3→R-(COO-Na)
n+CO
2↑+H
2O
(2)R-(COOH)
n+NaHCO
3→R-(COO-Na)
n+CO
2↑+H
2O
(3)R-(COO)
n-Ca
n/2+Na
2-X→R-(COO-Na)
n+Ca-X
(4)Ca
2++Na
2-X→Ca-X+2Na
+
R represents the nuclear in the nitro humic acid molecule in the above reaction formula, and x represents soil colloid.
Soil salinization modifying agent of the present invention can be made base manure and topdress and use, the earthing of turning over when making base manure, and the suggestion amount of application is 40-150 kilogram/mu.Use and to be beneficial to the sodium ion that drip washing calcium replaces out in conjunction with irrigating and draining at the above salt affected soil of moderate, reduce soil salt content to a greater extent.
This Weathered coal soil salinization modifying agent can sweetening of the soil alkalescence, can improve the organic content of salt affected soil, can also remedy the deficiency of the moderate-element and the trace element of salt affected soil; Its activated humic acid that contains can stimulate plant growth.This Weathered coal soil salinization modifying agent can improve the output of saline soil district unit surface farm crop, improves the salt affected soil of fostering and apply fertilizer, and promotes the development and use of China's big area salt affected soil.
Effect
Soil salinization modifying agent of the present invention after Cao County, Shandong Province and Shouguang City use, shows tangible reduction soil alkalinity respectively, reduces soil salt and increases the effect of crop yield.Test situation is as follows:
(1), soil salinization modifying agent is to the influence of soybeans they grow and output
Test site is An Zhuan village, blue or green Gu market town in Cao County, Shandong Province, and test soil is slight salinization soil, the organic 11.8g/kg of soil organic matter content, saltiness 0.18%, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 47.5mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 37.7mg/kg, available potassium 62mg/kg, pH8.11.
4 processing are established in test, are respectively (1), CK, do not apply fertilizer, (2) fertilizer contrasts, and uses and handle the nitrogen phosphorus and the trace element fertilizer of (4) equivalent, (3) use weathered coal, (4) use soil salinization modifying agent of the present invention, and concrete formulation by weight is 57 parts of weathered coals, 10 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 5 parts in urea, 6 parts in ferrous sulfate, 4 parts in zinc sulfate, 3 parts of manganous sulfates, 15 parts in calcareous tackiness agent.Mass percent concentration is 20 parts in 20% a nitric acid.Sub-district area 13.5m
2, each is handled 3 times and repeats.
Table 1 is the influence of different treatment to soybean biomass and output.The result shows: in 4 processing, soybean yields is the highest with the processing of using soil salinization modifying agent, compares with fertilizer treatment not, and the biomass stimulation ratio reaches 36.0%, and the output stimulation ratio reaches 39.9%; Compare with the fertilizer control treatment, the soybean biomass stimulation ratio that modifying agent is handled is 17.7%, and the soybean yields stimulation ratio is 20.7%.This shows that this soil salinization modifying agent can obviously promote the growth of soybean on slight salinized soil, improve the output of soybean.
Table 1 different treatment is to the influence of soybean biomass and output
(2), soil salinization modifying agent of the present invention is to the influence of salt affected soil physico-chemical property and corn yield
Test is located at Yang Zhuan village, Yang Zhuan township, Shouguang City, Shandong Province, and test soil is moderate salinification beach salty soil, and trial crops is a corn.4 processing of test design are respectively on the basis of using 6kg/ mu nitrogen, (1) CK, do not apply fertilizer, the contrast of (2) fertilizer: use and handle the nitrogen phosphorus and the trace element fertilizer of (4) equivalent, (3) use weathered coal, (4) use modifying agent of the present invention, concrete formulation by weight is 61 parts of weathered coals, 12 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 5 parts in urea, 3 parts in ferrous sulfate, 2 parts in zinc sulfate, 2 parts of manganous sulfates, 15 parts in calcareous tackiness agent.Mass percent concentration is 22 parts in 20% a nitric acid.
All use as base manure with apply fertilizer, weathered coal and modifying agent, nitrogen is a urea, and 1/4 base is executed, and 3/4 imposed in the corn jointing stage, and each is handled 3 times and repeats sub-district area 50m
2See Table 2 for the examination soil physical and chemical property.
Soil physical and chemical property before the test of table 2. corn
Table 3 is the influence of different treatment to corn yield.The result shows that fertilizer contrast, weathered coal and modifying agent all can significantly improve corn yield, and is best with the effect of increasing production of modifying agent.On this salinization soil, enrich weathered coal and can make corn yield volume increase 19.38%, enrich modifying agent and can make corn yield increasing 25.55%, this soil salinization modifying agent can promote that corn is to other nutrient absorbing on the moderate salinization soil, stimulate corn growth, use the obvious effect of increasing production of back corn.
Table 3. different treatment is to the influence of corn yield
Get the 0-20cm pedotheque of different treatment sub-district during harvest corn.Table 4 is the influence of different treatment to moderate salinization soil physico-chemical property.As can be seen from the table, 9.0 be reduced to 7.9 before using soil salinization modifying agent and can making pH in soil by test, this mainly is because soil salinization modifying agent contains macromolecular many carboxyls weak acid, its carbanion in can sweetening of the soil.The soil total salt content is reduced to 0.156% by 0.223% before testing, the alkalization of soils degree is reduced to 23.1% by 32.6%, total alkalinity also is reduced to 0.122% by 0.157%, as seen this soil salinization modifying agent has positive effect for improvement coastal saline-alkali soil: soil pH value is reduced, total salt content reduces, and the alkalization of soils degree reduces and soil total alkalinity (CO
3 2-And HCO
3 -The content sum) reduces, soil organic matter content is slightly improved.
Table 4 different treatment is to the influence of moderate salinization soil physico-chemical property
Modifying agent of the present invention adopts the activatory weathered coal at the characteristics of salt affected soil, adds chemical anti-salt agent, can obviously reduce salt affected soil pH, increases soil organic matter content simultaneously; For crop provides essential nutritive element, can improve the drought resisting of crop, the ability of cold-resistant, disease and insect resistance, stimulate plant growth, can make crop yield than the contrast of not applying fertilizer and increase production 25.5%-39.9%, have good application prospects.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.Weathered coal among the embodiment is available from section, five colours gulf, accurate eastern coal electricity Coal Chemical Industry base, Xinjiang, and humic acids content is 40-75%wt.
Embodiment 1. soil salinization modifying agents, parts by weight of raw materials is composed as follows:
57 parts of weathered coals, 10 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 5 parts in urea, 6 parts in ferrous sulfate, 4 parts in zinc sulfate, 3 parts of manganous sulfates, 15 parts in calcareous tackiness agent.Be equipped with in addition mass percent concentration and be nitric acid 17-23 part of 20%.
Recommend every mu of 40-50 kilogram of amount of application, be mainly used in slight-moderate saltings.
The preparation method:
(1) the exsiccant weathered coal is pulverized, cross 60 mesh sieves, take by weighing 57 parts, join in the reaction warehouse, adding mass percent concentration by mass volume ratio 1:0.30-0.40 is rare nitric acid of 20%, and the limit edged stirs, stir, the confined reaction storehouse, normal temperature was placed 12-24 hour, must contain the weathered coal of nitro humic acid.
(2) take by weighing 10 parts of powdery monoammonium phosphates, join in the described reaction warehouse of step (1), the limit edged stirs, the confined reaction storehouse, and normal temperature is placed ageing 12-24 hour.Drying materials in the reaction warehouse is pulverized, and whole mistake 40 mesh sieves join in the granulating disc.
(3) respectively urea, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate and calcareous tackiness agent are pulverized; cross 40 mesh sieves; take by weighing 5 parts in urea, 6 parts in ferrous sulfate, 4 parts in zinc sulfate, 3 parts of manganous sulfates, 15 parts in calcareous tackiness agent; mix; join granulation in the described granulating disc of step (2), get the particulate state soil salinization modifying agent.
With above-mentioned particulate state soil salinization modifying agent oven dry, cooling is sieved, and gets product after the metering packing.
Embodiment 2. soil salinization modifying agents, parts by weight of raw materials is composed as follows:
61 parts of weathered coals, 12 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 5 parts in urea, 3 parts in ferrous sulfate, 2 parts in zinc sulfate, 2 parts of manganous sulfates, 15 parts in calcareous tackiness agent.Be equipped with in addition mass percent concentration and be nitric acid 18-24 part of 20%.
Recommend every mu of 80-100 kilogram of amount of application, be mainly used in moderate-heavy salinized ground.
The preparation method:
(1) the exsiccant weathered coal is pulverized, cross 60 mesh sieves, take by weighing 61 parts, join in the reaction warehouse, adding mass percent concentration by mass volume ratio 1:0.30-0.40 is rare nitric acid of 20%, and the limit edged stirs, stir, the confined reaction storehouse, normal temperature was placed 12-24 hour, must contain the weathered coal of nitro humic acid.
(2) take by weighing 12 parts of powdery monoammonium phosphates, join in the described reaction warehouse of step (1), the limit edged stirs, the confined reaction storehouse, and normal temperature is placed ageing 12-24 hour.Drying materials in the reaction warehouse is pulverized, and whole mistake 40 mesh sieves join in the granulating disc.
(3) respectively urea, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate and calcareous tackiness agent are pulverized; cross 40 mesh sieves; take by weighing 5 parts in urea, 3 parts in ferrous sulfate, 2 parts in zinc sulfate, 2 parts of manganous sulfates, 15 parts in calcareous tackiness agent; mix; join granulation in the described granulating disc of step (2), get the particulate state soil salinization modifying agent.
With above-mentioned particulate state soil salinization modifying agent oven dry, cooling is sieved, and gets product after the metering packing.
Embodiment 3. soil salinization modifying agents, parts by weight of raw materials is composed as follows:
65 parts of weathered coals, 11 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 5 parts in urea, 2 parts in ferrous sulfate, 1 part in zinc sulfate, 1 part of manganous sulfate, 15 parts in calcareous tackiness agent.Be equipped with in addition mass percent concentration and be nitric acid 19-25 part of 20%.
Recommend every mu of 120-150 kilogram of amount of application, be mainly used in the above saltings of severe.
The preparation method:
(1) the exsiccant weathered coal is pulverized, cross 60 mesh sieves, take by weighing 65 parts, join in the reaction warehouse, adding mass percent concentration by mass volume ratio 1:0.30-0.40 is rare nitric acid of 20%, and the limit edged stirs, stir, the confined reaction storehouse, normal temperature was placed 12-24 hour, must contain the weathered coal of nitro humic acid.
(2) take by weighing 11 parts of powdery monoammonium phosphates, join in the described reaction warehouse of step (1), the limit edged stirs, the confined reaction storehouse, and normal temperature is placed ageing 12-24 hour.Drying materials in the reaction warehouse is pulverized, and whole mistake 40 mesh sieves join in the granulating disc.
(3) respectively urea, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate and calcareous tackiness agent are pulverized; cross 40 mesh sieves; take by weighing 5 parts in urea, 2 parts in ferrous sulfate, 1 part in zinc sulfate, 1 part of manganous sulfate, 15 parts in calcareous tackiness agent; mix; join granulation in the described granulating disc of step (2), get the particulate state soil salinization modifying agent.
With above-mentioned particulate state soil salinization modifying agent oven dry, cooling is sieved, and gets product after the metering packing.
Claims (2)
1. soil salinization modifying agent is characterized in that parts by weight of raw materials is composed as follows:
Weathered coal 55-65 part, monoammonium phosphate 10-12 part, urea 2-6 part, ferrous sulfate 2-6 part, zinc sulfate 1-4 part, manganous sulfate 1-3 part, calcareous tackiness agent 5-15 part; Rare nitric acid 15-30 part, described rare nitric acid are that mass percent concentration is 20% nitric acid.
2. the preparation method of a soil salinization modifying agent, step is as follows:
(1) the exsiccant weathered coal is pulverized, cross 60 mesh sieves, take by weighing 55-65 part, join in the reaction warehouse, adding mass percent concentration by mass volume ratio 1: 0.30-0.40 is rare nitric acid of 20%, and the limit edged stirs, stir, the confined reaction storehouse, normal temperature was placed 12-24 hour, must contain the weathered coal of nitro humic acid;
(2) take by weighing powdery monoammonium phosphate 10-12 part, join in the reaction warehouse of step (1), the limit edged stirs, the confined reaction storehouse, and normal temperature is placed ageing 12-24 hour; Drying materials in the reaction warehouse is pulverized, and whole mistake 40 mesh sieves join in the granulating disc;
(3) respectively urea, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate and calcareous tackiness agent are pulverized, cross 40 mesh sieves, take by weighing urea 2-6 part, ferrous sulfate 2-6 part, zinc sulfate 1-4 part, manganous sulfate 1-3 part, calcareous tackiness agent 5-15 part, mix, join granulation in the described granulating disc of step (2), get the particulate state soil salinization modifying agent;
Described raw material composition is weight part.
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| CN101417904B true CN101417904B (en) | 2011-05-11 |
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| CN102703088B (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2017-10-27 | 浙江农林大学 | A kind of alkaline land improving medicament and alkaline land improving afforestation and soil preparation method |
| CN103553808B (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2015-07-15 | 太原师范学院 | Humic acid saline-alkali soil modifying agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN103755489A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-04-30 | 于鹏 | Soil activating component and preparation method thereof |
| CN105016921A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-11-04 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Method for carburetting and fertilizing soil of saline-alkali land by adopting coal humic acid soil deep scarifying agent |
| CN105330488B (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2019-01-18 | 华北理工大学 | One kind composite soil conditioner containing humic acid and its preparation method and application |
| CN111303896B (en) * | 2020-02-04 | 2021-09-03 | 中化农业（临沂）研发中心有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil conditioner and method for preparing saline-alkali soil conditioner by utilizing phosphate rock tailings and low-rank coal |
| CN113789180A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2021-12-14 | 世纪云天(黑龙江)化学有限公司 | Soil conditioner for improving saline-alkali soil |
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| CN1460665A (en) * | 2003-06-17 | 2003-12-10 | 李琴 | High-efficiency drought-resistant fertilizer |
| CN1865195A (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2006-11-22 | 刘凡 | Method for preparing fertilizer dedicated to alkaline land |
| AU2006207886A1 (en) * | 2005-09-27 | 2007-04-19 | John Pashai | Fertiliser |
| CN1990432A (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2007-07-04 | 郭宗恒 | Processing method for humic acidic ammonium complex blending fertilizer |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1460665A (en) * | 2003-06-17 | 2003-12-10 | 李琴 | High-efficiency drought-resistant fertilizer |
| AU2006207886A1 (en) * | 2005-09-27 | 2007-04-19 | John Pashai | Fertiliser |
| CN1990432A (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2007-07-04 | 郭宗恒 | Processing method for humic acidic ammonium complex blending fertilizer |
| CN1865195A (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2006-11-22 | 刘凡 | Method for preparing fertilizer dedicated to alkaline land |
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