CN101414729B - Self-mode-locking laser - Google Patents
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- CN101414729B CN101414729B CN200810234183.8A CN200810234183A CN101414729B CN 101414729 B CN101414729 B CN 101414729B CN 200810234183 A CN200810234183 A CN 200810234183A CN 101414729 B CN101414729 B CN 101414729B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a setting method of a self-locking model laser. Pump light irradiates into a laser cavity resonator from an end surface of a laser crystal; a beam shaping system is adopted to enable the light intensity at the central part of a pump luminous spot to be less than the surrounding light intensity so as to cause a Gauss beam with a sunken part in the center; the laser crystal is used as a model locking part while used as a laser gain crystal; an area similar to a diaphragm is formed at the center of the laser crystal; the size of the diaphragm area can be controlled through adjusting a pump beam; the Kerr effect of the crystal and a soft diaphragm commonly act to complete the starting and maintenance for laser running of the locking model and realize the ultrashort pulse output of a continuous locking model or realize the locking model pulse output of Q regulation. The invention solves the problem existing in the existing ultrashort pulse laser that the system is huge, peripheral equipment is more, the precision required by the modulation is high, and self-starting can not be performed, improves the efficiency, reduces the cost and has very high application value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the self mode-locked laser of a kind of self mode-locked laser, particularly a kind of self-starting.
Background technology
Kerr lens mode locking is one of effective method that obtains from solid-state laser at present ultrashort pulse.The simplest concrete device is to utilize the nonlinear refractive index of laser crystal late (referring to Spence D.E.etc. as the soft light of the gain profiles formation of kerr medium and laser material inside, Opt.Lett.16, p42), but because the nonlinear refractive index of laser crystal itself is generally smaller, and be subject to the restriction of the saturated light intensity of laser crystal itself, only have and when the peak power density of oscillating impulse reaches some strength, just can in crystal, form effectively gain diaphragm, and then in the chamber, form the nonlinear loss that reduces with the light intensity increase, keep the continuous locking mold running.In actual applications, people use four mirror chambeies mostly, place the large crystal of nonlinear refractive index in the position that light beam focuses on, and place hard diaphragm at place with a tight waist, thereby obtain the action effect of quick saturable absorber.
In addition, because kerr lens mode locking is not enough to the continuous locking mold program is carried out self-starting, need to reach self-starting with the non-linear method of intensity fluctuation that causes of disturbance cavity or increase system, such as Regenerative feedback, synchronous pump, cavity mirror dress PZT (piezoelectric transducer) and with methods such as semiconductor saturable absorber drivings (referring to W. Ke Xinaier, " Solid State Laser engineering "), these methods make whole Optical Maser System become huge and complicated when starting the locked mode running undoubtedly, have also increased the difficulty of system debug.
The pump light of traditional end-pumped laser is Flattened Gaussian Beams, and purpose is to export in order to obtain Gauss TEM00 mould, and for this reason, people have designed various coupled systems.But, this desirable flat-top Gauss pump beam is difficult to form the effect of effective self-starting locked mode in laser crystal, although had in some theoretical proof laser crystals and can form the gain diaphragm, but experimentally but never realize up hill and dale, even idol has report, be not accepted (referring to G.Cerullo, Opt.Lett.19, p1040) because its reproducibility is poor yet.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to: the shortcoming that solves above-described kerr lens mode locking laser; a kind of method to set up and laser thereof of self mode-locked laser are proposed: do not need diaphragm and the large crystal of nonlinear refractive index in the laserresonator; also without any need for the locked mode starting drive; only with the method that changes the pump beam light distribution; in laser crystal, form effective locked mode mechanism; realize the self-starting of continuous locking mold running; the locked mode of realizing with the method not restriction of the saturation intensity of Stimulated Light crystal of turning round itself can obtain ultra-short pulse laser in the very low situation of pumping light intensity.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the method to set up of self mode-locked laser, adopt the beam shaping system to make the light intensity of center of pump spot less than the light intensity around it, namely cause the central light strength of pump light that depression is arranged, this pump light by a surface feeding sputtering of laser crystal to laserresonator, when adopting laser crystal as the laser gain crystal again as the locked mode device, thereby in laser crystal, be formed centrally a zone that is similar to diaphragm, by regulating pump beam, just can control the size in diaphragm zone, crystal Kerr effect and the acting in conjunction of soft light door screen, finish the startup of locked mode running and keep, its pumping source comprises diode laser, the various pump light sources such as all solid state laser can also realize Q-switch and mode-locking pulse output.
Laserresonator is the linear cavity of end pumping mode, from the X-type chamber of an end pumping of laser crystal and the refrative cavity of double-end pumping, all end faces from laser crystal carry out the resonant cavity type of pumping can realize ultra-short pulse laser with the method.
Can be directly focus on the pump beam of coupling mirror to optical fiber output, the light intensity at the spot center place of the light beam after the focus is reduced; Also can directly regulate the output of diode laser; make the transverse mode of diode laser reach requirement; so long as by changing the light distribution of pump beam, be different from traditional Flattened Gaussian Beams, all belong to technical scheme of the present invention thereby in gain medium, form effective locked mode mechanism.
Laser crystal can be with containing transition metal ion Cr
3+, Ti
3+, Co
2+Deng tunable laser crystal, also can be Nd
3+, Ho
3+, Yb
3+, Tm
2+, Er
3+Deng the gain media of doping with rare-earth ions, can realize the ultra-short pulse laser running with this scheme so long as can carry out from the end face of crystal the laser crystal of pumping.
Can in resonant cavity, arrange to strengthen locked mode as other locked mode devices of purpose, such as hard diaphragm, non-linear saturable absorber Cr
4+: YAG, GaAs, SESAM etc.
For the laser crystal of wide gain, the GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion) compensating device can be set, to obtain the ultrashort pulse of the conversion limit in the chamber or outside the chamber; For the crystal of narrower gain, particularly change the crystal that the limit is picosecond magnitude, GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion) is very little on the impact of pulsewidth, can no longer increase dispersion compensation device.
The X-type chamber femto-second laser of single face pumping, be provided with a beam shaping system that makes light intensity centered by the pump beam that incides on the laser crystal that the Flattened Gaussian Beams of depression be arranged, 527nm light beam to the output of Nd:YLF frequency multiplication carries out shaping, X-type endovenous laser crystal is Ti: sapphire, the input mirror M2 plated film in X-type chamber is the high reflection in 750～850nm broadband and the high transmission of 527nm, three chamber mirror M of other of X-type chamber
1, M
3, M
4Plated film is the high reflection in 750～850nm broadband, and the output of X-type chamber is through to being that the prism of GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion) compensating device is by outgoing mirror M
5Output, M
5Broadband 750～850nm transmitance 3.6%,, realize the continuous locking mold running of self-starting, the tunable femtosecond pulse of output wavelength.
The Z-type refrative cavity picosecond laser of single end face pump is provided with a beam shaping system that contains coupling mirror that makes light intensity centered by the pump beam that incides on the laser crystal that the Flattened Gaussian Beams of depression be arranged, and Z-type endovenous laser crystal is Nd:YVO
4, the plane input mirror M of Z-type refrative cavity
1, plated film is high reflection 1342nm and high transmission 808nm; Two plano-concave mirror M
2, M
3Radius of curvature is respectively 500mm and 300mm, and plated film is high reflection 1342nm; The flat output mirror M of laser
4To 1342nm transmitance 10%, described coupling mirror is two plano-convex condenser lenses.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: at present, realized experimentally the continuous locking mold picopulse sequence of complete self-starting with the inventive method, just realized completely continuous locking mold running in less than 1 watt situation at pump power, and it is stable that power output and pulse duration keep for a long time, fully self-starting, without any need for external disturbance, proved that the method is in full force and effect feasible.The X-type chamber femto-second laser of single face pumping and Z-type refrative cavity picosecond laser especially have the good laser of implementation result.
Although realized this self mode-locked laser in experiment, locked mode mechanism wherein waits further investigated, among in fact the locked mode mechanism of kerr lens also being studied.But the mode-locked laser that the inventive method realizes is oversimplified whole Optical Maser System, do not need additional any disturbance measure, the locked mode threshold value reduces greatly, and operating wavelength range is wide, can realize in this way ultra-short pulse laser output to all wavelengths in the crystal stimulated radiation scope.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 has the light path 1 (a) of X-type chamber self mode-locked laser of dispersion compensation and the schematic diagram of pumping light distribution 1 (b)
The light path 2 (a) of the Z-type chamber self mode-locked laser of Fig. 2 end pumping and the schematic diagram of pumping light distribution 2 (b)
Fig. 3 adopts the continuous locking mold pulse train of the self mode-locked laser output of Fig. 2 device
Laser crystal 1, the beam shaping system 2 that contains coupling mirror, LD pump light among the figure.
Embodiment
(1) with a coupled system 527nm pump beam of Nd:YLF frequency multiplication output is modulated, make light intensity centered by the light beam that incides on the laser crystal that the Flattened Gaussian Beams of depression be arranged, such as accompanying drawing 1 (a), adopt the refrative cavity shown in the accompanying drawing 1 (b), laser crystal is Ti:Sapphire, cavity mirror plating film M
1, M
3, M
4: HR (high reflection)@750-850nm, M
2: HR@750-850nm﹠amp; HT (high transmission)@527nm, M
5: T (transmitance)=3.6%@750-850nm, can realize the continuous femtosecond pulse output in broadband.
(2) with the modulation of a set of lenses realization to flat-top Gauss pump beam, make light intensity centered by the pump beam that incides on the laser crystal that the light beam of depression be arranged, such as accompanying drawing 2 (a), adopt the Z-type refrative cavity of the end pumping shown in the accompanying drawing 2 (b), laser crystal is Nd:YVO
4, cavity mirror plating film M1:HR@1342﹠amp; HT@808nm, M
2, M
3: HR@1342nm, M
4: T=10%@1342nm, can realize the continuous picopulse output of 1342nm.
(3) self mode-locked laser of realizing according to embodiment (2), laser crystal can also be Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF, Nd:glass, Nd:GdVO
4, Yb:YAG, Yb:KVW, the laser crystal of the multiple doping such as Yb:glass, the absorbing wavelength change pumping light wavelength according to crystal to the cavity mirror plating film, can also realize near the continuous locking mold Laser output of the wavelength of 1.0 μ m and 0.9 μ m according to oscillation wavelength.
(4) self mode-locked laser of realizing according to embodiment (2), (3) can also increase the GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion) compensating device in the chamber, to obtain the ultra-short pulse laser output of the conversion limit.
(5) self mode-locked laser of realizing according to embodiment (1), laser crystal can also be Cr:forsterite, Cr:LiSAF, the wider laser crystal of the gain live width such as Cr:LiCAF, as long as the absorbing wavelength according to crystal changes the pumping light wavelength, to the cavity mirror plating film, just can realize the continuous ultra-short pulse laser output of wide-band tuning in these crystal gain live widths according to oscillation wavelength.
(6) self mode-locked laser of realizing according to embodiment (1)-(5) in order to strengthen the non-linear modulation in the chamber, can also add diaphragm near level crossing, perhaps place non-linear saturated absorbing body, comprises Cr4
+: YAG, GaAs, InGaAs quanta trap semiconductor saturable absorption sheet etc.
(7) self mode-locked laser of realizing according to embodiment (1)-(5) for extended wavelength range, can also increase nonlinear crystal in the chamber or outside the chamber, obtain the ultra-short pulse laser of high order harmonic component.
The X-type chamber femto-second laser of single face pumping, accompanying drawing 1 (a): the 527nm light beam of the Nd:YLF frequency multiplication being exported with a beam shaping system carries out shaping, make light intensity centered by the pump beam that incides on the laser crystal that the Flattened Gaussian Beams of depression be arranged, shown in accompanying drawing 1 (b), laser crystal is Ti:Sapphire, chamber mirror M
1, M
3, M
4Plated film is the high reflection in 750～850nm broadband, input mirror M
2Plated film is the high reflection in 750～850nm broadband and the high transmission of 527nm, outgoing mirror M
5Broadband 750～850nm transmitance 3.6%, prism realize the continuous locking mold running of self-starting, the tunable femtosecond pulse of output wavelength to being the GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion) compensating device.
The Z-type refrative cavity picosecond laser of single end face pump, accompanying drawing 2 (a): laser crystal is Nd:YVO
4, plane input mirror M
1, plated film is high reflection 1342nm and high transmission 808nm; Plano-concave mirror M
2, M
3Radius of curvature is respectively 500mm and 300mm, and plated film is high reflection 1342nm; Flat output mirror M
4To 1342nm transmitance 10%, coupling mirror is two plano-convex condenser lenses, because the thickness in zone, lens centre is greater than the edge, the focal length of lens is increased along radius gradually by central core region, the light intensity in the spot center zone after light beam focuses on through this coupling mirror is less than the periphery, and namely central light strength has a little depression, such as accompanying drawing 2 (b), realize the 1342nm continuous locking mold running of complete self-starting, the output picosecond pulse laser.
Claims (2)
1. the X-type chamber femto-second laser of a single face pumping, it is characterized in that being provided with a beam shaping system that makes light intensity centered by the pump beam that incides on the laser crystal that the Flattened Gaussian Beams of depression be arranged, adopt the beam shaping system to make the light intensity of center of pump spot less than the light intensity around it, namely cause central light strength that the Gaussian beam of depression is arranged, make light intensity centered by the light beam that incides on the laser crystal that the Gaussian beam of depression be arranged, pump light by a surface feeding sputtering of laser crystal to laserresonator, laser crystal as the laser gain crystal time again as the locked mode device, in laser crystal, be formed centrally a zone that is similar to diaphragm, by regulating pump beam, just can control the size in diaphragm zone, the Kerr effect of crystal and the acting in conjunction of soft light door screen, finish the startup of mode-locked laser running and keep the ultrashort pulse output of realization continuous locking mold or the mode locking pulse output that realizes transferring Q; From the X-type chamber of an end pumping of laser crystal, the 527nm light beam of Nd:YLF frequency multiplication output is carried out shaping, X-type endovenous laser crystal is Ti: sapphire, the input mirror M in X-type chamber
2Plated film is the high reflection in 750～850nm broadband and the high transmission of 527nm, and three chamber mirrors of other of X-type chamber are M
1, M
3, M
4Plated film is the high reflection in 750～850nm broadband, the output of X-type chamber through to behind the prism of GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion) compensating device again through outgoing mirror M
5Output, M
5Broadband 750～850nm transmitance 3.6% realizes the continuous locking mold running of self-starting, the tunable femtosecond pulse of output wavelength.
2. the Z-type refrative cavity picosecond laser of a single end face pump, it is characterized in that being provided with a beam shaping system that contains coupling mirror that makes light intensity centered by the pump beam that incides on the laser crystal that the Flattened Gaussian Beams of depression be arranged, adopt the beam shaping system to make the light intensity of center of pump spot less than the light intensity around it, namely cause central light strength that the Gaussian beam of depression is arranged, make light intensity centered by the light beam that incides on the laser crystal that the Gaussian beam of depression be arranged, pump light by a surface feeding sputtering of laser crystal to laserresonator, laser crystal as the laser gain crystal time again as the locked mode device, in laser crystal, be formed centrally a zone that is similar to diaphragm, by regulating pump beam, just can control the size in diaphragm zone, the Kerr effect of crystal and the acting in conjunction of soft light door screen, finish the startup of mode-locked laser running and keep the ultrashort pulse output of realization continuous locking mold or the mode locking pulse output that realizes transferring Q; Z-type endovenous laser crystal is Nd:YVO
4, the plane input mirror M of Z-type refrative cavity
1, plated film is high reflection 1342nm and high transmission 808nm; Two plano-concave mirror M
2, M
3Radius of curvature is respectively 500mm and 300mm, and plated film is high reflection 1342nm; The flat output mirror M of laser
4To 1342nm transmitance 10%, described coupling mirror is two plano-convex condenser lenses.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810234183.8A CN101414729B (en) | 2008-11-24 | 2008-11-24 | Self-mode-locking laser |
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| CN101414729A CN101414729A (en) | 2009-04-22 |
| CN101414729B true CN101414729B (en) | 2013-03-27 |
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| CN108089201A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-29 | 上海禾赛光电科技有限公司 | Obstacle information acquisition methods, the launching technique of laser pulse and device |
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| CN102074883B (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2012-10-10 | 聊城大学 | Picosecond laser oscillating source |
| JP6391904B2 (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2018-09-19 | ソニー株式会社 | Semiconductor laser device assembly |
| CN104348071A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2015-02-11 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | Kerr-lens mode-locked all-solid-state laser |
| CN103972778B (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2019-08-16 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of all solid state femto-second laser of kerr lens mode locking Yb:YCOB of diode pumping |
| CN104009381A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-27 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | Yb: LYSO laser for Kerr lens mode self-locking |
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| CN105846302A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-08-10 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | Novel Kerr-lens mode-locking Cr: ZnS femtosecond laser |
| CN106129800B (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2022-11-15 | 天水师范学院 | Dual-wavelength tunable laser based on single pump or double pumps |
| KR20210144919A (en) | 2016-12-16 | 2021-11-30 | 퀀텀-에스아이 인코포레이티드 | Compact mode-locked laser module |
| CN112424587A (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2021-02-26 | 宽腾矽公司 | Data acquisition control for advanced analytical instruments with pulsed light sources |
| CN108767651B (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2024-04-30 | 深圳市吉斯迪科技有限公司 | Medical double-pulse Q-switched laser capable of realizing laser mode switching |
| CN114303082A (en) | 2019-06-14 | 2022-04-08 | 宽腾矽公司 | Segmented grating coupler with enhanced beam alignment sensitivity |
| CN112186482B (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2021-08-03 | 华中科技大学 | Solid laser with adjustable laser output state |
| CN116316030B (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-11-14 | 重庆师范大学 | Self-mode-locking laser capable of improving output power |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN108089201A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-29 | 上海禾赛光电科技有限公司 | Obstacle information acquisition methods, the launching technique of laser pulse and device |
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