CN101399402A - Waveguide split array antenna used for satellite communication - Google Patents
Waveguide split array antenna used for satellite communication Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A waveguide slot array antenna used for satellite communication consists of three waveguide layers, the first layer is a radiating layer, the second layer is a coupling layer or a feeding layer, and the third layer is a feeding layer, the three layers are directly welded/connected sequentially, each layer consists of two waveguides with different specifications, and the two different waveguides respectively generate two radiation slots with different sizes on the antenna radiating layer to produce two different receiving frequency and emission frequency; in the two different radiation slots with different sizes, one slot is in the direction of the waveguide length, and the other slot is in the direction of the waveguide width, the two slots are mutually orthogonal; the radiating waveguides of the two mutually orthogonal slots with different sizes are alternately and closely arranged side by side and generate orthogonal polarization properties which are perpendicular to each other to meet the special requirements of satellite communication while sharing an antenna aperture face. The invention provides a satellite communication antenna which can be satisfactorily applied to transmitting and receiving satellite signals and is characterized by small occupation space, wider use frequency of antenna and lower feeding loss, and the structure of the antenna is reduced from three layers to two layers to cause the antenna to be more easily processed. The antenna is particularly suitable for the occasions such as narrow airborne, vehicle-borne spaces, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the antenna that satellite communication is used, especially satellite communication or satellite television receive the waveguide slotted array array antenna of usefulness.
Background technology
Satellite communication technology is widely used in many fields in recent years, and is especially with fastest developing speed at satellite television and satellite broadcasting field.Meanwhile, universal day by day along with vehicles such as automobile, aircrafts, people wish can keep mobile communication on the automobile that moves, aircraft or watch satellite television programming or listen to satellite radio broadcast.Realize that mobile satellite communications and mobile TV receive or the mobile-satellite broadcast reception, miniaturization, satellite communication antenna is essential key equipment efficiently.
Traditional satellite communication antenna reflection commonly used planar antenna, for example frequent " teledish " or " pot cover type antenna " said of people.The feed but this kind antenna need fix up an aerial wire at its focus place, thereby bore is bigger, antenna takes up room bigger.The efficient of this kind antenna is not very high simultaneously, generally has only 65%-75%, and all will take certain distance and space before and after the antenna, is not easy to use in narrow and small occasion.In order to overcome this shortcoming, people have proposed the demand of flat plate efficient antenna.Because planar antennas all can be made the shape on complete plane, thereby volume is less, is convenient to install in small space, also less to the change that the carrier profile is installed simultaneously, be subjected to user's welcome deeply.
People have designed the antenna of multiple flat type in recent years, and wherein, using more is microband printing circuit type antenna and waveguide slit formation antenna:
Microband printing circuit type antenna is a kind of planar printed antenna of sticking on conductor sheet and constitute on the dielectric substrate that has the conductor ground plate.According to the difference that the width of cloth is penetrated unit form, microstrip antenna comprises four big classes such as micro-strip paster antenna, micro-strip oscillator antenna, microband travelling wave antenna and little band leaky antenna.But the reflector antenna that the efficient of this type of antenna is more traditional is also low.
Waveguide slit formation antenna is a kind of planar antennas of utilizing the energy storage and the selecting frequency characteristic design of resonator.Common leaky antenna is to form (as: microstrip line, dielectric waveguide, the line of rabbet joint etc.) with the transmission line type material.This kind antenna has the flat pattern feature of flat-type antenna, and wherein some type also has higher antenna efficiency.But in general, crack class antenna is along with the increase of bay number, and design and the difficulty of making sharply increase.Therefore, seldom see the leaky antenna of larger caliber on the market.
Application number is that ZL2005201107426, denomination of invention are that the Chinese patent of waveguide slotted array array antenna is a patent close with the application, it takes up room little, it is the higher antenna of antenna efficiency, it is wide inadequately that but its shortcoming is an operating frequency, the feed loss is bigger, thereby is not suitable for using in the satellite communication field.
The waveguide slotted array antenna is to design at some continuous frequency bands traditionally, and this kind antenna technology usually is used in radar and guidance field in recent years.Up to now, this kind antenna never obtains to use aspect satellite communication.Because satellite communication has two different specific (special) requirements with radar application, the application in the satellite communication field has brought great difficulty to this kind antenna in these two specific (special) requirements.These two specific (special) requirements are: 1) satellite communication requires emission and the receive frequency must be in different frequency ranges, and both frequencies have differed more than the 2GHz.One complementary wave is led leaky antenna and is difficult to cover so wide frequency range, so this kind antenna technology can't be used for the satellite communication purpose; 2) satellite communication requires to transmit must use different polarization with received signal, such as: for the linear polarity format signal, if transmit the employing perpendicular polarization, then received signal must adopt horizontal polarization.Vice versa.The difficulty that this feature has caused waveguide leaky antenna technology to use in the satellite communication field equally.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above prior art weak point, design a kind of take up room little, the antenna frequency of utilization is wideer, the feed loss is less, the more optimal antenna of structure, can satisfy simultaneously two specific (special) requirements of satellite communication again, enable application is in the satellite communication antenna of satellites transmits and reception.The present invention selects the slotted waveguide array technology to realize Antenna Design.
Specific embodiments of the present invention is as follows:
The waveguide slotted array array antenna that is used for satellite communication is made up of three layers of waveguide, and ground floor is a radiating layer, on the upper strata; The second layer is coupling layer or feed layer, in the centre; The 3rd layer is feed layer, at bottom; More than three layers directly weld successively/link together, every layer of waveguide composition that adopts two kinds of different sizes of three layers of described waveguide slotted array array antenna, the waveguide of these two kinds of different sizes generates the radiating slot of two kinds of different sizes respectively on the aerial radiation layer, to produce reception and to launch two kinds of different frequencies, in the radiating slot of described two kinds of different sizes, a kind of crack is on the waveguide length direction, another kind of crack is on the duct width direction, two kinds of cracks are quadrature each other, these two kinds have different size and the radiating guide alternately closely arrangement side by side of orthogonal fracture each other, in shared same antenna bore face, generate orthogonal polarization characteristic again.
The waveguide slotted array array antenna that is used for satellite communication is made up of three layers of waveguide, and ground floor is a radiating layer, on the upper strata; The second layer is coupling layer or feed layer, in the centre; Be the 3rd layer and be feed layer, at bottom; More than three layers directly weld successively/link together, the radiating layer of described waveguide slotted array array antenna is made of the rectangular waveguide that is carved with the crack, be called the radiating layer waveguide, waveguide adopts mode in parallel to arrange, the export-oriented face of waveguide is a radiating surface, be carved with more than one radiating slot on the radiating surface of every waveguide, the radiating layer waveguide can be formed by a plurality of structures and measure-alike radiating element module combinations, also can form by the tailored radiation unit module, the radiating element module number that typical radiating surface adopts is: whole radiating layer is made up of 1 unit module, or combine by 2 unit modules, or combine by 4 unit modules, or combine by 8 unit modules, or combine by 16 unit modules, or adopt 32 unit modules to combine, the radiating layer waveguide has three kinds of specifications: a kind of is that broadside is 14-15mm, and narrow limit is the rectangular waveguide of 4.5-7.5mm; Another kind is that broadside is that the narrow limit of 16-17mm is the rectangular waveguide of 4.5-8.5mm; The third is that broadside is 8-11mm, narrow limit is the rectangular waveguide of 4-7mm, waveguide also can be adopted the ridge waveguide of similar size except that rectangular waveguide, rectangular waveguide can be placed by broadside outwardly, also can place outwardly on narrow limit, also can mix placement, be carved with radiating slot on the waveguide surface outwardly, be carved with coupling slit on the waveguide surface inwardly, place many waveguides in each radiating element module side by side, be carved with radiating slot on the every export-oriented face of waveguide, and with array way arrangement placement, the minimized radiation crack quantity of unit module is 2 cracks of 2 X, every unit, the maximum-norm in crack is not limit, but generally be no more than 96 radiating slots of 96 X, if adopt same specification crack, then the typical scale of the contained radiating slot of each modular unit is: 32 X 32,16 X 16,8 X 8,4 X 4,2 of 2 X, if adopt two or more flaw size component units modules, typical crack scale is generally at 64 X below 64, and the crack that the radiating element module is carved on radiating surface can be the crack of same length and same width, also can be that length and width change according to certain rules, the radiating slot that size is incomplete same, no matter whether radiating slot adopts same size, and all radiating slots can reduce two kinds: a kind of for length between 10-13mm, the radiating slot of width between 0.8-3mm; Another kind is that length is between 3-7mm, the radiating slot of width between 0.8-1.5mm, another side relative with being carved with the radiating slot one side in the radiating layer waveguide is carved with coupling slit, the size of coupling slit has two kinds, its size can be measure-alike with two kinds of above-mentioned radiating slot, the feed layer waveguide can be adopted three kinds of waveguides equally: a kind of is that broadside is that the narrow limit of 14-15mm is the rectangular waveguide of 4.5-7.5mm, another kind is that broadside is that the narrow limit of 16-17mm is the rectangular waveguide of 4.5-8.5mm, the third is that broadside is 8-11mm, narrow limit is the rectangular waveguide of 4-7mm, feed layer can be used the waveguide of a kind of size wherein or use the waveguide of two or more sizes simultaneously, feed layer is made up of feed waveguide and coupling slit, the inside face of the outside one side of feed waveguide and radiating layer waveguide overlaps and forms common sides, the coupling slit of radiating guide and feed waveguide coupling slit are shared on common sides, form the electric and mechanical connection of radiating layer and feed layer, adopt feed waveguide that the form of each radiating element module of radiating layer through serial or parallel connection coupled together, converge and form one or two output/input port, typical feeding network adopts one-to-two, two minutes four, four minutes eight, eight minutes 16,16 minutes 32 the distribution structure of feed symmetrically and evenly.
The waveguide slotted array array antenna that is used for satellite communication is made up of three layers of waveguide, and ground floor is a radiating layer, on the upper strata; The second layer is coupling layer or feed layer, in the centre; The 3rd layer is feed layer, at bottom; More than three layers directly weld successively/link together, the radiating slot of being carved on the radiating surface of the waveguide of described antenna, radiating slot are two kinds: a kind of for length between 10-13mm, the radiating slot of width between 0.8-3mm; Another kind is that length is between 3-7mm, the radiating slot of width between 0.8-1.5mm, if adopt the single size crack, then fracture length is between 10-13mm, and width is between 0.8-2mm, when adopting two kinds of above-mentioned radiating slots at the same time, a kind of crack is created on the waveguide length direction, another kind of crack is created on the duct width direction, and the waveguide in two kinds of different cracks is alternately placed to walk abreast and closely arranged the direction of two kinds of radiating slots mutually orthogonal (or nearly orthogonal).
The waveguide slotted array array antenna that is used for satellite communication is made up of three layers of waveguide, and ground floor is a radiating layer, on the upper strata; The second layer is coupling layer or feed layer, in the centre; The 3rd layer is feed layer, at bottom; More than three layers directly weld successively/link together, the radiating surface of the waveguide of described antenna adopts the radiating slot of two kinds of different sizes to form, the length in described two kinds of cracks is different with width, its length is all between 10-13mm, its width is all between 0.8-3mm, two kinds of cracks are all within the size range in first kind of above-mentioned crack, long crack is created on the waveguide length direction, short crack is created on the duct width direction, the waveguide that has two kinds of different cracks is alternately placed, parallel arranged, shared same bore face, two kinds of radiating slots mutually orthogonal or nearly orthogonal on direction.
The waveguide slotted array array antenna that is used for satellite communication is made up of three layers of waveguide, and ground floor is a radiating layer, on the upper strata; The second layer is coupling layer or feed layer, in the centre; The 3rd layer is feed layer, at bottom; More than three layers directly weld successively/link together, the radiating surface subregion that the crack waveguide of two kinds of different sizes of described antenna forms is independently placed and Composition Region arrangement architecture form, form reception antenna crack area and transmitting antenna crack area respectively, the crack of zones of different is vertical mutually on direction, and described reception antenna crack area and connected feed waveguide can take out use separately.
The waveguide slotted array array antenna that is used for satellite communication is made up of three layers of waveguide, and ground floor is a radiating layer, on the upper strata; The second layer is coupling layer or feed layer, in the centre; The 3rd layer is feed layer, at bottom; More than three layers directly weld successively/link together, the crack waveguide of two kinds of sizes of described antenna is interweaved to mix side by side and closely places, two kinds of same areas of the common use in crack, the common same antenna bore that uses, alternately arrange mutually in the crack of two kinds of different sizes, adjacent one another are between the one-dimensional array that the one-dimensional array that longer crack forms and shorter crack form, and on fractuer direction mutual perpendicular quadrature.
The waveguide slotted array array antenna that is used for satellite communication is made up of three layers of waveguide, and ground floor is a radiating layer, on the upper strata; The second layer is coupling layer or feed layer, in the centre; The 3rd layer is feed layer, at bottom; More than three layers directly weld successively/link together, the radiating slot of being carved on the radiating surface of the waveguide of described antenna is the array that the yi word pattern crack is formed, fracture length is between 10-13mm, width is between 0.8-3mm.
The waveguide slotted array array antenna that is used for satellite communication is made up of three layers of waveguide, and ground floor is a radiating layer, on the upper strata; The second layer is coupling layer or feed layer, in the centre; The 3rd layer is feed layer, at bottom; More than three layers directly weld together successively, the radiating slot of being carved on the radiating surface of the waveguide of described antenna is the cross type crack, fracture length is between 9-13mm, width and is formed array with this kind cross fracture between 0.8-3mm.
The waveguide slotted array array antenna that is used for satellite communication is made up of three layers of waveguide, and ground floor is a radiating layer, on the upper strata; The second layer is coupling layer or feed layer, in the centre; The 3rd layer is feed layer, at bottom; More than three layers directly weld together successively, described antenna feeding network adopts one-to-two, two minutes four, four minutes eight, eight minutes 16,16 minutes 32 the distribution structure of feed symmetrically and evenly, the second layer is that coupling layer can omit, and forms double-layer structure, and promptly ground floor is a radiating layer, the second layer is a feed layer, more than two-layer direct welding/link together.
The waveguide slotted array array antenna that is used for satellite communication is made up of three layers of waveguide, and ground floor is a radiating layer, on the upper strata; The second layer is coupling layer or feed layer, in the centre; The 3rd layer is feed layer, at bottom; More than three layers directly weld together successively, branch joint center position at described antenna feeding network has a metal partion (metp), and the thickness of dividing plate is 0.8-1.5mm, and length is 7-10mm, waveguide bend interface slightly bore shrinks about 0.8-3mm, and constriction length is 2-5mm.
Communication receiving/transmission duplex type antenna adopts the waveguide of two kinds of different sizes, on the aerial radiation layer, generate the radiating slot of two kinds of different sizes respectively with the waveguide of these two kinds of different sizes, the reception that requires at satellite communication with this and the different frequency of emission (be that its specification of a kind of waveguide and the crack on it are designed at tranmitting frequency, its specification of another kind of waveguide and the crack on it are designed at receive frequency).Simultaneously, when radiating layer waveguide fracture design, having a mind to above two kinds of fracture design is that a kind of crack is on the waveguide length direction, another kind of crack is on the duct width direction, have different flaw sizes and when vertical each other radiating guide is alternately closely arranged side by side on fractuer direction, just can realize two purposes when these two kinds: 1) transmit and receive the same antenna opening diametric plane of partial common (being that the antenna of same bore is realized satellite-signal is received and signal is launched the covering of two kinds of frequencies); 2) generate the different and vertical each other radiating slot of two kinds of sizes on the radiating surface.Alternately arrange the antenna of being formed by the radiating layer waveguide that has different bores and different size crack with these two kinds like this, both realized covering to different sending and receiving frequencies, simultaneously also because two kinds of radiating slots that generate on these two kinds of radiating surfaces quadrature each other, thereby generate orthogonal polarization characteristic, what solve satellite communication transmits and receives the requirement of frequency aspect orthogonal polarization.Adopt the above design can be so that the antenna of waveguide crack form satisfies the special technique needs of distinctive frequency bandwidth of satellite communication and orthogonal polarization, make the slotted waveguide array antenna technology that uses in field of radar traditionally can expand to the satellite communication field, thereby generate a class satellite communication antenna.
The radiating layer of antenna adopts the unit module of same form to splice and combine and forms the aerial radiation surface.The radiating layer waveguide can by a plurality of structures and size just as the radiating element module combinations form, also can form by the tailored radiation unit module.The radiating element module number that typical radiating layer adopts is: whole radiating layer is made up of 1 unit module or is combined or combined or combined or combined or adopt 32 unit modules to combine by 16 unit modules by 8 unit modules by 4 unit modules by 2 unit modules.
The radiating layer waveguide has three kinds of specifications: a kind ofly be the rectangular waveguide of broadside 14-15mm, narrow limit 4.5-7.5mm; Another kind is the rectangular waveguide of the narrow limit 4.5-8.5mm of broadside 16-17mm; The third is the rectangular waveguide of broadside 8-11mm, narrow limit 4-7mm.Waveguide also can be adopted the ridge waveguide of similar size except that rectangular waveguide.Waveguide can be placed by broadside outwardly, also can place outwardly on narrow limit.Communication type is received and dispatched altogether, and aperture antenna adopts the broadside of waveguide and narrow limit alternately to mix the placement (see figure 2).The communication antenna of bore does not adopt reception and transmit waveguide subregion to place (see figure 1) altogether.Be carved with a plurality of radiating slots on the waveguide surface outwardly, be carved with coupling slit on the waveguide surface inwardly.
Each unit module structure on the aerial radiation face is identical.Place many waveguides in each radiating element module side by side, be carved with a plurality of radiating slots on the every export-oriented face of waveguide, and place with the array way arrangement.The minimized radiation crack quantity of unit module is 2 cracks of 2 X, every unit, and the maximum-norm in crack is not limit.But generally be no more than 96 radiating slots of 96 X.If adopt same specification crack, then the typical scale of the contained radiating slot of each modular unit is: 2 of 32 X, 32,16 X, 16,8 X, 8,4 X, 4,2 X.If adopt the crack component units module of two or more sizes, typical crack scale is generally at 64 X below 64.
It is that reception and emission are total to aperture antenna or reception and two kinds of situations of emission subregion placement antenna that its antenna is looked in the crack that the radiating element module is carved on radiating surface:
For receiving and emission subregion placed type antenna, antenna is divided into receiving area and emitting area two parts.The crack of same length and same width is adopted in each zone, and the crack can be in-line crack (a corresponding linear polarized antenna type), also can be the crack (corresponding circle poliarizing antenna type) of cruciform shape.If have higher lobe requirement, can adopt length and width to change the radiating slot that size is incomplete same by certain weighting rule (as: Taylor's weighting method).
For receiving and launching bore type antenna altogether, the reception of antenna and emission are blended within the zone.General adopt two kinds of different cracks to mix to generate the radiating element modules, and two kinds of cracks or be vertical.If have higher lobe requirement, can adopt length and width to change the radiating slot that size is incomplete same by certain weighting rule (as: Taylor's weighting method).
No matter whether two kinds of radiating slots are blended in the same area, and all radiating slots of the design are selected two kinds of specifications for use: a kind of for length between 10-13mm, the radiating slot of width between 0.8-3mm; Another kind be length between 3-7mm, the radiating slot of width between 0.8-1.5mm.When placed reception and radiating portion subregion, radiating surface can adopt the radiating slot (this kind technology can be used for satellite television receiving antenna) of unified specification in the same area.Receive and radiating portion is blended in (bore designs altogether) when placing in the zone in, the combination (being used for satellite communication transmitting-receiving bidirectional antenna) that is staggered of the radiating slot of two kinds of specifications of employing, two kinds of radiating slots, and make two kinds of cracks mutually orthogonal.When adopting two kinds of cracks to make up, generally adopt above two kinds of sizes.But also can be in the size range in first kind of crack, choose respectively the less relatively crack of the relatively large crack of a kind of size and a kind of size (such as: a kind of length is: between the 11.5-12mm, another kind of length is two kinds of cracks between the 10-10.5mm, forms two kinds of different cracks combinations with this).If adopt single size crack (reception antenna), then fracture length is between 10-13mm, and width is between 0.8-3mm.If adopt the design of weighting, no matter each crack on the position that distributes, still on the length and width in slit, all may have difference in a small amount, and promptly each crack is all incomplete same.But these cracks generally do not exceed above two kinds of size ranges.
The transmission duplex antenna adopts the radiating slot of two kinds of different sizes to form radiating surface, and these two kinds of radiating slots are vertical (or near normal) each other.The radiating surface of two kinds of crack waveguide formation can independently be placed (two kinds of crack waveguides of Fig. 1 radiating layer subregion arrangement architecture form) by subregion, also can replace mutually and mix to arrange place, cover and orthogonal polarization requires (seeing that two kinds of crack waveguides of Fig. 2 radiating layer alternately mix arrangement placement situation mutually) with the needed frequency of tranmitting frequency of the receive frequency that satisfies satellite communication 11.7GHz-12.75GHz respectively and 14.0GHz-14.5GHz.Antenna can adopt the yi word pattern crack to form array (linear polarization mode) (seeing Fig. 3 radiating layer one word crack arrangement architecture form), also can adopt the cross type crack to form array (circular polarization mode) (seeing Fig. 4 radiating layer crack cross arrangement version).
The design that aforesaid satellite receives and the emission subregion is placed can cause another direct application: promptly the receiving area is taken out the formation satellite earth antenna separately and independently use, this antenna can be directly used in satellite television and receive.Certainly, also can take out the formation satellite transmitting antenna to emitting area separately and independently use, but this application demand is comparatively rare.
In the radiating layer waveguide, the another side relative with being carved with the radiating slot face is carved with coupling slit.Size for communication type antenna coupling slit has two kinds, and its size can be identical with radiating slot.
The feed layer waveguide can be adopted three kinds of waveguides equally: a kind of is broadside 14-15mm, the rectangular waveguide of narrow limit 4.5-7.5mm; Another kind is broadside 16-17mm, the rectangular waveguide of narrow limit 4.5-8.5mm.The third is broadside 8-11mm, the rectangular waveguide of narrow limit 4-7mm.Feed layer can use the waveguide of a kind of size wherein or the waveguide of two or more sizes to use simultaneously.
Feed layer is made up of feed waveguide and coupling slit.The inside face of the outside one side of feed waveguide and radiating layer waveguide overlaps and forms common sides.The coupling slit of radiating guide and feed waveguide coupling slit are shared on common sides, form the electric and mechanical connection of radiating layer and feed layer.Adopt feed waveguide that the form of each radiating element module of radiating layer through serial or parallel connection coupled together, converge one or two output/input port of formation.Typical feeding network adopts one-to-two, two minutes four, four minutes eight, eight minutes 16,16 minutes 32 the method for salary distribution of feed symmetrically and evenly.Fig. 5. feed waveguide version.Realizing reducing difficulty of processing with one deck for making feeding network to reduce the number of plies of feed layer.We have designed the feed layer waveguiding structure wire laying mode of antenna as shown in Figure 7, and the feasible network of wanting the multilayer feed waveguide to realize usually of the cabling mode of this kind feeding network can be realized on one deck structure.Greatly reduce difficulty of processing and expense.
For making feeding network of array antennas have better impedance and bandwidth characteristic, designed a metal partion (metp) at the branch joint center position of feeding network.The thickness of dividing plate is 0.8-1.5mm, and length is 7-10mm.Simultaneously, waveguide bend interface slightly bore shrinks about 0.8-3mm, and constriction length is 2-5mm.See the radiating surface overall structure figure of Fig. 6 antenna.Fig. 7 is the feed layer waveguide junction composition of waveguide slotted array array antenna.
In the waveguide slotted array array antenna of the present invention, can omit the second layer, i.e. coupling layer, and form double-layer structure, promptly ground floor is a radiating layer, the second layer is a feed layer, more than two-layerly directly weld together.
Description of drawings
Two kinds of crack waveguide of Fig. 1 aerial radiation layer of the present invention subregion arrangement architecture form
Two kinds of different size cracks of Fig. 2 aerial radiation layer of the present invention and two kinds of different size waveguides are mutually alternately and make the mutually orthogonal mixing arrangement architecture form of fractuer direction
Fig. 3 aerial radiation layer one word crack arrangement architecture form of the present invention
Fig. 4 aerial radiation slabbing seam of the present invention cross arrangement version
Fig. 5 feed waveguide version of the present invention
The radiating surface overall structure figure of Fig. 6 waveguide leaky antenna of the present invention
The feed layer waveguide junction composition of Fig. 7 waveguide leaky antenna of the present invention
Fig. 8 waveguide leaky antenna of the present invention example
Embodiment
Under the technical scheme of above-described antenna structure instructs, multiple different embodiment can be arranged.Wherein a kind of as follows: this antenna adopts the waveguide material manufacturing.Antenna is made up of two-layer: ground floor is that the upper strata is the radiated wave conducting shell, is responsible for receiving from the microwave energy of satellites transmits or to the satellite microwave radiation energy.The second layer is the feed waveguide layer, is carved with coupling slit in the middle of the ground floor and the second layer.And connect output/input by Waveguide interface feedback at the second layer.More than adopt welding manner directly to link together between two-layer.Ground floor (radiated wave conducting shell) is made up of than the large fracture radiating element 16 less radiating slot unit modules and 4.Each radiating slot unit adopts six roots of sensation waveguide to form side by side, is carved with 6 cracks in the every waveguide, forms array so each module has 6 X, 6 radiating slots.Therefore the radiating slot of the total reduced size of radiating surface is 576, than 144 in large radiation crack.Length than the large radiation crack is 12mm.Less radiating slot length is 10mm.Two kinds of mutually orthogonal arrangements in crack (as shown in Figure 6) are placed and made to two kinds of radiating slot subregions.
The waveguide bar number of the design's antenna ground floor (radiated wave conducting shell) is 24, and the Wave guide unit module number is 16.The bar number of waveguide, Wave guide unit module also can be different and different according to the shape of arranging geometric surface.Its spread geometry is most typical to be spread patterns (Fig. 7 is a rectangular example) such as rectangle, circle, ellipse.Present embodiment is the rectangular arranged form.
The 2nd layer of feed layer adopts two kinds of specification waveguides.A kind of broadside of waveguide is of a size of: 16.5mm, the broadside of another kind of waveguide is of a size of 14.5mm.Waveguide cabling form adopts Fig. 8 version fully, and adopts diaphragm structure shown in Figure 7, and dividing plate length is 1mm for 8mm thickness, and interface shrinks 3mm.
The present embodiment covers 11.7-12.75GHz and 12-14.75GHz satellite communication scope through Computer-Assisted Design, Manufacture And Test proof antenna frequency of utilization, and antenna efficiency is up to 95%, and the transmitting-receiving polarization isolation reaches 33db.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that antenna efficiency can be up to the 93-95% magnitude under good design. Compare patent ZL2005201107426, the application's design is so that antenna on the basis of patent ZL2005201107426, has wider service band and littler feed loss. This antenna can make the frequency of utilization scope of patent ZL2005201107426 expand to 12-14.75GHz from 12-12.75GHz, thereby has satisfied the application requirements of satellite communication antenna. The while antenna is reduced to two-layer by three-decker, the processing that makes it to be more convenient for, and antenna also can be thinner. Antenna of the present invention is satisfying under the prerequisite of instructions for use in a word, and relative aperture tradition parabola antenna is little a lot, compact conformation, and it is littler to take up room, and operating frequency is wide simultaneously. This antenna can be widely used in satellite communication or satellite reception field, is particularly useful for the occasion of the narrow space such as airborne, vehicle-mounted.
Claims (10)
1. the waveguide slotted array array antenna that is used for satellite communication is made up of three layers of waveguide, and ground floor is a radiating layer, on the upper strata; The second layer is coupling layer or feed layer, in the centre; The 3rd layer is feed layer, at bottom; More than three layers directly weld successively/link together, three layers the every layer of waveguide composition that adopts two kinds of different sizes that it is characterized in that described waveguide slotted array array antenna, the waveguide of these two kinds of different sizes generates the radiating slot of two kinds of different sizes respectively on the aerial radiation layer, to produce reception and to launch two kinds of different frequencies, in the radiating slot of described two kinds of different sizes, a kind of crack is on the waveguide length direction, another kind of crack is on the duct width direction, two kinds of cracks are quadrature each other, these two kinds have different size and the radiating guide alternately closely arrangement side by side of orthogonal fracture each other, in shared same antenna bore face, generate orthogonal polarization characteristic again.
2. the waveguide slotted array array antenna that is used for satellite communication according to claim 1 is made up of three layers of waveguide, and ground floor is a radiating layer, on the upper strata; The second layer is coupling layer or feed layer, in the centre; Be the 3rd layer and be feed layer, at bottom; More than three layers directly weld successively/link together, the radiating layer that it is characterized in that described waveguide slotted array array antenna is made of the rectangular waveguide that is carved with the crack, be called the radiating layer waveguide, waveguide adopts mode in parallel to arrange, the export-oriented face of waveguide is a radiating surface, be carved with more than one radiating slot on the radiating surface of every waveguide, the radiating layer waveguide can be formed by a plurality of structures and measure-alike radiating element module combinations, also can form by the tailored radiation unit module, the radiating element module number that typical radiating surface adopts is: whole radiating layer is made up of 1 unit module, or combine by 2 unit modules, or combine by 4 unit modules, or combine by 8 unit modules, or combine by 16 unit modules, or adopt 32 unit modules to combine, the radiating layer waveguide has three kinds of specifications: a kind of is that broadside is 14-15mm, and narrow limit is the rectangular waveguide of 4.5-7.5mm; Another kind is that broadside is that the narrow limit of 16-17mm is the rectangular waveguide of 4.5-8.5mm; The third is that broadside is 8-11mm, narrow limit is the rectangular waveguide of 4-7mm, waveguide also can be adopted the ridge waveguide of similar size except that rectangular waveguide, rectangular waveguide can be placed by broadside outwardly, also can place outwardly on narrow limit, also can mix placement, be carved with radiating slot on the waveguide surface outwardly, be carved with coupling slit on the waveguide surface inwardly, place many waveguides in each radiating element module side by side, be carved with radiating slot on the every export-oriented face of waveguide, and with array way arrangement placement, the minimized radiation crack quantity of unit module is 2 cracks of 2 X, every unit, the maximum-norm in crack is not limit, but generally be no more than 96 radiating slots of 96 X, if adopt same specification crack, then the typical scale of the contained radiating slot of each modular unit is: 32 X 32,16 X 16,8 X 8,4 X 4,2 of 2 X, if adopt two or more flaw size component units modules, typical crack scale is generally at 64 X below 64, and the crack that the radiating element module is carved on radiating surface can be the crack of same length and same width, also can be that length and width change according to certain rules, the radiating slot that size is incomplete same, no matter whether radiating slot adopts same size, and all radiating slots can reduce two kinds: a kind of for length between 10-13mm, the radiating slot of width between 0.8-3mm; Another kind is that length is between 3-7mm, the radiating slot of width between 0.8-1.5mm, another side relative with being carved with the radiating slot one side in the radiating layer waveguide is carved with coupling slit, the size of coupling slit has two kinds, its size can be measure-alike with two kinds of above-mentioned radiating slot, the feed layer waveguide can be adopted three kinds of waveguides equally: a kind of is that broadside is that the narrow limit of 14-15mm is the rectangular waveguide of 4.5-7.5mm, another kind is that broadside is that the narrow limit of 16-17mm is the rectangular waveguide of 4.5-8.5mm, the third is that broadside is 8-11mm, narrow limit is the rectangular waveguide of 4-7mm, feed layer can be used the waveguide of a kind of size wherein or use the waveguide of two or more sizes simultaneously, feed layer is made up of feed waveguide and coupling slit, the inside face of the outside one side of feed waveguide and radiating layer waveguide overlaps and forms common sides, the coupling slit of radiating guide and feed waveguide coupling slit are shared on common sides, form the electric and mechanical connection of radiating layer and feed layer, adopt feed waveguide that the form of each radiating element module of radiating layer through serial or parallel connection coupled together, converge and form one or two output/input port, typical feeding network adopts one-to-two, two minutes four, four minutes eight, eight minutes 16,16 minutes 32 the distribution structure of feed symmetrically and evenly.
3. the waveguide slotted array array antenna that is used for satellite communication according to claim 1 is made up of three layers of waveguide, and ground floor is a radiating layer, on the upper strata; The second layer is coupling layer or feed layer, in the centre; The 3rd layer is feed layer, at bottom; More than three layers directly weld successively/link together, it is characterized in that the radiating slot carved on the radiating surface of waveguide of described antenna, radiating slot is two kinds: a kind of for length between 10-13mm, the radiating slot of width between 0.8-3mm; Another kind is that length is between 3-7mm, the radiating slot of width between 0.8-1.5mm, if adopt the single size crack, then fracture length is between 10-13mm, and width is between 0.8-2mm, when adopting two kinds of above-mentioned radiating slots at the same time, a kind of crack is created on the waveguide length direction, another kind of crack is created on the duct width direction, and the waveguide in two kinds of different cracks is alternately placed to walk abreast and closely arranged the mutually orthogonal or nearly orthogonal of the direction of two kinds of radiating slots.
4. the waveguide slotted array array antenna that is used for satellite communication according to claim 1 is made up of three layers of waveguide, and ground floor is a radiating layer, on the upper strata; The second layer is coupling layer or feed layer, in the centre; The 3rd layer is feed layer, at bottom; More than three layers directly weld successively/link together, the radiating surface that it is characterized in that the waveguide of described antenna adopts the radiating slot of two kinds of different sizes to form, the length in described two kinds of cracks is different with width, its length is all between 10-13mm, its width is all between 0.8-3mm, two kinds of cracks are all within the size range in first kind of above-mentioned crack, long crack is created on the waveguide length direction, short crack is created on the duct width direction, the waveguide that has two kinds of different cracks is alternately placed, parallel arranged, shared same bore face, two kinds of radiating slots mutually orthogonal or nearly orthogonal on direction.
5. the waveguide slotted array array antenna that is used for satellite communication according to claim 1 is made up of three layers of waveguide, and ground floor is a radiating layer, on the upper strata; The second layer is coupling layer or feed layer, in the centre; The 3rd layer is feed layer, at bottom; More than three layers directly weld successively/link together, it is characterized in that the radiating surface subregion that the crack waveguide of two kinds of different sizes of described antenna forms independently places and Composition Region arrangement architecture form, form reception antenna crack area and transmitting antenna crack area respectively, the crack of zones of different is vertical mutually on direction, and described reception antenna crack area and connected feed waveguide can take out use separately.
6. the waveguide slotted array array antenna that is used for satellite communication according to claim 1 is made up of three layers of waveguide, and ground floor is a radiating layer, on the upper strata; The second layer is coupling layer or feed layer, in the centre; The 3rd layer is feed layer, at bottom; More than three layers directly weld successively/link together, the crack waveguide that it is characterized in that two kinds of sizes of described antenna is interweaved to mix side by side and closely places, two kinds of same areas of the common use in crack, the common same antenna bore that uses, alternately arrange mutually in the crack of two kinds of different sizes, adjacent one another are between the one-dimensional array that the one-dimensional array that longer crack forms and shorter crack form, and on fractuer direction mutual perpendicular quadrature.
7. the waveguide slotted array array antenna that is used for satellite communication according to claim 1 is made up of three layers of waveguide, and ground floor is a radiating layer, on the upper strata; The second layer is coupling layer or feed layer, in the centre; The 3rd layer is feed layer, at bottom; More than three layers directly weld successively/link together, the array that the radiating slot that it is characterized in that being carved on the radiating surface of waveguide of described antenna is formed for the yi word pattern crack, fracture length is between 10-13mm, width is between 0.8-3mm.
8. the waveguide slotted array array antenna that is used for satellite communication according to claim 1 is made up of three layers of waveguide, and ground floor is a radiating layer, on the upper strata; The second layer is coupling layer or feed layer, in the centre; The 3rd layer is feed layer, at bottom; More than three layers directly weld together successively, it is characterized in that the radiating slot of being carved on the radiating surface of waveguide of described antenna is the cross type crack, fracture length is between 9-13mm, width and is formed array with this kind cross fracture between 0.8-3mm.
9. the waveguide slotted array array antenna that is used for satellite communication according to claim 1 is made up of three layers of waveguide, and ground floor is a radiating layer, on the upper strata; The second layer is coupling layer or feed layer, in the centre; The 3rd layer is feed layer, at bottom; More than three layers directly weld together successively, it is characterized in that described feeding network of array antennas adopts one-to-two, two minutes four, four minutes eight, eight minutes 16,16 minutes 32 the distribution structure of feed symmetrically and evenly, the second layer is that coupling layer can omit, and forms double-layer structure, and promptly ground floor is a radiating layer, the second layer is a feed layer, more than two-layer direct welding/link together.
10. the waveguide slotted array array antenna that is used for satellite communication according to claim 1 is made up of three layers of waveguide, and ground floor is a radiating layer, on the upper strata; The second layer is coupling layer or feed layer, in the centre; The 3rd layer is feed layer, at bottom; More than three layers directly weld together successively, it is characterized in that a metal partion (metp) being arranged at the branch joint center position of described antenna feeding network, the thickness of dividing plate is 0.8-1.5mm, length is 7-10mm, waveguide bend interface slightly bore shrinks about 0.8-3mm, and constriction length is 2-5mm.
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| CN101719599B (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2012-08-01 | 天津职业技术师范大学 | Array antenna of circularly polarized dielectric resonator |
| CN102646873A (en) * | 2012-01-15 | 2012-08-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Common-caliber variable-beam-width waveguide crack array antenna |
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| CN101719599B (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2012-08-01 | 天津职业技术师范大学 | Array antenna of circularly polarized dielectric resonator |
| CN102646873A (en) * | 2012-01-15 | 2012-08-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Common-caliber variable-beam-width waveguide crack array antenna |
| CN102646873B (en) * | 2012-01-15 | 2014-04-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Common-caliber variable-beam-width waveguide crack array antenna |
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| CN104638374A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-05-20 | 西安电子工程研究所 | C/X dual-wave waveband shared aperture waveguide slot array antenna |
| CN104638374B (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2017-07-28 | 西安电子工程研究所 | A kind of C/X two wavebands Shared aperture Waveguide slot array antenna |
| CN108432049A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2018-08-21 | 阿卜杜拉阿齐兹国王科技城 | Effective planar phased array array antenna component |
| CN106356642A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-01-25 | 成都雷电微力科技有限公司 | Medium waveguide crack array antenna with series feed of metal hollow waveguide |
| CN111542967A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2020-08-14 | 索尼公司 | Antenna device |
| CN111542967B (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2022-03-29 | 索尼公司 | Antenna device |
| CN108539437A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-09-14 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | A kind of dual-band and dual-polarization Shared aperture Waveguide slot array antenna |
| CN108923110A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-11-30 | 中电科航空电子有限公司 | A kind of MIMO airborne antenna using WiFi and LTE |
| CN108923110B (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2024-04-09 | 中电科航空电子有限公司 | MIMO (multiple input multiple output) airborne antenna adopting WiFi and LTE (Long term evolution) |
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| CN112768922A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-07 | 中山大学 | 2 x 4 broadband wave beam fixed travelling wave antenna |
| CN112768922B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-06-10 | 中山大学 | 2 x 4 broadband wave beam fixed travelling wave antenna |
| CN113224513A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-06 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二三研究所 | Integrated waveguide antenna with aperture expanding medium |
| CN113224513B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2024-02-13 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二三研究所 | Caliber-expanded dielectric integrated waveguide antenna |
| CN114883775A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-08-09 | 陕西长岭电子科技有限责任公司 | Flat plate crack array antenna of submarine radar |
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