CN112768922B - 2 x 4 broadband wave beam fixed travelling wave antenna - Google Patents
2 x 4 broadband wave beam fixed travelling wave antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN112768922B CN112768922B CN202011623494.0A CN202011623494A CN112768922B CN 112768922 B CN112768922 B CN 112768922B CN 202011623494 A CN202011623494 A CN 202011623494A CN 112768922 B CN112768922 B CN 112768922B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
Abstract
The invention provides a 2 x 4 broadband beam fixed array antenna, which comprises an upper layer metal plate, a lower layer metal plate, a dielectric plate, a main feeder line, 2 groups of total branches and 8 radiation patches, wherein: the upper metal plate, the lower metal plate and the dielectric plate are rectangular plates, the upper metal plate is attached to the upper surface of the dielectric plate, and the lower metal plate is attached to the lower surface of the dielectric plate; the dielectric plate is provided with an intermediate layer in the middle, the main feeder, 2 groups of main branches and 8 radiation patches are all arranged in the intermediate layer, the main feeder is arranged along the length direction of the dielectric plate, the 2 groups of main branches are respectively connected with the main feeder, the 2 groups of main branches respectively comprise 4 branches, the 2 groups of main branches have length differences in total, and the 2 groups of main branches have length differences in total and 8 branches are respectively connected with 1 radiation patch. The invention realizes the radiation characteristic of beam fixation through the length difference of 2 groups of 8 branches.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of communication antennas, in particular to a 2 x 4 broadband beam fixed traveling wave antenna.
Background
A beam fixed antenna is an antenna commonly used in wireless communication, which can radiate in a fixed direction, and can be used in satellite communication and point-to-point communication. Conventional antennas capable of achieving beam fixing have a series-fed array antenna. The partial leaky-wave antenna can also be regarded as a series-fed array antenna, but the beam dispersion condition exists, the beam dispersion is reduced, and the method for realizing the beam fixation comprises a coupled substrate integrated waveguide antenna, a metamaterial antenna, a super-surface antenna and the like, but the design of the antennas is complex.
Chinese patent publication No. CN107394381A, published 24/11/2017, discloses a stacked traveling wave antenna unit-based low-profile broadband circularly polarized array antenna, comprising: the antenna comprises a circularly polarized antenna unit formed by 3 sections of metal layers printed on two sides of a dielectric plate in an end-to-end manner and metallized through holes connected with 2 layers, a 2 x 2 antenna subarray formed by a metallized through hole cavity and 4 antenna units, a 16-path fully parallel feed network formed by metallized through holes, a gap for coupling feed between a feed layer and a metal cavity and between antennas, and a switching structure between a Grounded Coplanar Waveguide (GCPW) for testing and a Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW), but the design of the antenna is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a 2 x 4 broadband beam fixed traveling wave antenna, which realizes beam fixation and large bandwidth, and has the advantages of easy integration and easy processing.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a2 x 4 broadband beam fixed array antenna comprises an upper metal plate, a lower metal plate, a dielectric plate, a main feeder, 2 groups of total branches and 8 radiation patches, wherein:
the upper metal plate, the lower metal plate and the dielectric plate are rectangular plates, the upper metal plate is attached to the upper surface of the dielectric plate, and the lower metal plate is attached to the lower surface of the dielectric plate;
the dielectric plate is provided with a middle layer in the middle, the main feeder, 2 groups of main branches and 8 radiation patches are arranged in the middle layer, the main feeder is arranged along the length direction of the dielectric plate, the 2 groups of main branches are respectively connected with the main feeder, the 2 groups of main branches respectively comprise 4 branches, the 2 groups of main branches totally comprise 8 branches with length difference, and the 2 groups of main branches totally comprise 8 branches which are respectively connected with 1 radiation patch.
Preferably, the lengths of the upper metal plate, the lower metal plate and the dielectric plate are equal, the width of the dielectric plate is longer than the widths of the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate, the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate are aligned and attached along the long edge of one side of the dielectric plate, and the overlapped area of the upper metal plate, the lower metal plate and the dielectric plate is an overlapped area.
Preferably, the dielectric plate is a solid dielectric.
Preferably, the distance between the middle layer and the upper surface and the distance between the middle layer and the lower surface of the dielectric plate are equal.
Preferably, the main feeder line and 2 groups of total branches have 8 branches located in the overlapping region at the position of the middle layer, and the 8 radiation patches are located outside the overlapping region at the position of the middle layer.
Preferably, the length of the main feeder is equal to the lengths of the upper metal plate, the lower metal plate and the dielectric plate.
Preferably, the 2 groups of total branches are a first total branch and a second total branch, wherein the first total branch further comprises a first wiring structure, and 4 branches of the first total branch are connected with the main feeder through the first wiring structure, and wherein the second total branch further comprises a second wiring structure, and 4 branches of the second total branch are connected with the main feeder through the second wiring structure.
Preferably, the first wiring structure comprises four sections, and the first section extends from the main feeder line along the width direction of the dielectric plate; the second section extends for 8 delta L millimeters from the terminal point of the first section along the length direction of the dielectric slab; the third section extends for delta y millimeters along the width direction of the dielectric slab from the terminal point of the second section, and the extending direction is the same as that of the first section; the fourth section extends from the end point of the third section along the length direction of the dielectric slab and the extending direction of the fourth section is opposite to that of the second section; the 4 branches of the first total branch are connected to the fourth section at intervals of L mm;
the second wiring structure comprises four sections, wherein the first section extends from the main feeder line along the width direction of the dielectric slab; the second section extends for 4 delta L millimeters from the terminal point of the first section along the length direction of the dielectric slab; the third section extends for delta y millimeters along the width direction of the dielectric slab from the terminal point of the second section, and the extending direction is the same as that of the first section; the fourth section extends from the end point of the third section along the length direction of the dielectric slab and the extending direction of the fourth section is opposite to that of the second section; the 4 branches of the second total branch are connected to the fourth section at equal intervals of L millimeters;
the length of the first segment of the second wiring structure is longer than the length of the first segment of the first wiring structure by ay millimeters.
Preferably, 4 branches of the first total branch are all L-shaped branches, one side of each L-shaped branch is connected with the fourth section of the first wiring structure, and the length of one side of each L-shaped branch is sequentially increased by Δ y millimeters; the other side of the L-shaped branch is connected with the radiation patch, the other side of the L-shaped branch is sequentially reduced by delta L millimeters, and the longest length of the other side of the L-shaped branch is 3 delta L millimeters.
Preferably, 4 branches of the second total branch are all L-shaped branches, one side of each L-shaped branch is connected with the fourth section of the first wiring structure, and the length of one side of each L-shaped branch is sequentially increased by Δ y millimeters; the other side of the L-shaped branch is connected with the radiation patch, the other side of the L-shaped branch is sequentially reduced by delta L millimeters, and the longest length of the other side of the L-shaped branch is 3 delta L millimeters.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention realizes the radiation characteristic of beam fixation through the length difference of 2 groups of 8 branches, and simultaneously, the structure of the invention can adopt the printed circuit board technology and has the characteristics of easy integration and easy processing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a graph of reflection coefficient and gain for an embodiment;
fig. 5 is a radiation pattern of an embodiment.
The reference numbers illustrate:
| reference numerals | Name (R) | Reference numerals | Name (R) |
| 1 | Upper |
2 | |
| 3 | |
4 | |
| 5 | |
6 | Radiation patch 6 |
| Wg | Width of dielectric plate | Lg | Length of dielectric plate |
| Wm1(mm) | Width of feed line | εr | Dielectric constant of dielectric plate |
| Lp | Patch length | Wp | Width of patch |
| Δy(mm) | Height difference of branch 5 | L(mm) | Distance between the |
| ΔL(mm) | Difference in length of branch 5 | Wm(mm) | Width of branch 5 |
| g(mm) | Distance between patch and metal plate | h(mm) | Thickness of single layer plate |
| L1(mm) | Distance between patch and feeder |
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product;
it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a 2 × 4 broadband beam fixed array antenna, as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, including an upper metal plate 1, a lower metal plate 2, a dielectric plate 3, a main feeder 4, 2 groups of total branches, and 8 radiation patches 6, where:
the upper-layer metal plate 1, the lower-layer metal plate 2 and the dielectric plate 3 are rectangular plates, the upper-layer metal plate 1 is attached to the upper surface of the dielectric plate 3, and the lower-layer metal plate 2 is attached to the lower surface of the dielectric plate 3;
the dielectric plate 3 is provided with a middle layer in the middle, the main feeder 4, 2 groups of main branches and 8 radiation patches 6 are arranged in the middle layer, the main feeder 4 is arranged along the length direction of the dielectric plate 3, the 2 groups of main branches are respectively connected with the main feeder 4, the 2 groups of main branches respectively comprise 4 branches 5, the 2 groups of main branches totally comprise 8 branches 5 with length difference, and the 2 groups of main branches totally comprise 8 branches 5 which are respectively connected with 1 radiation patch 6. In the present embodiment, the length and width of the radiation patch 6 are 8mm and 2 mm.
The length of upper metal sheet 1, lower floor's metal sheet 2 and dielectric slab 3 equals, the width of dielectric slab 3 is good at the width of upper metal sheet 1, lower floor's metal sheet 2, upper metal sheet 1 and lower floor's metal sheet 2 are along the long limit edge of one side of dielectric slab 3 aligns the laminating, the region of upper metal sheet 1, lower floor's metal sheet 2 and the coincidence of dielectric slab 3 is the coincidence region. In this embodiment, the lengths of the upper metal plate 1 and the lower metal plate 2 are 90mm, and the length, the width and the thickness of the dielectric plate 3 are 90mm, 50mm and 1mm, respectively.
The dielectric plate 3 is a solid dielectric.
The intermediate layer is equidistant from the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric plate 3.
The main feeder 4 and the 2 groups of total branches are 8 branches 5 which are positioned in the overlapping area at the position of the middle layer, and the 8 radiating patches 6 are positioned outside the overlapping area at the position of the middle layer.
The length of the main feeder 4 is equal to the length of the upper layer metal plate 1, the length of the lower layer metal plate 2 and the length of the dielectric plate 3.
The 2 groups of total branches are a first total branch and a second total branch, wherein the first total branch further comprises a first wiring structure, and the 4 branches 5 of the first total branch are connected with the main feeder 4 through the first wiring structure, and the second total branch further comprises a second wiring structure, and the 4 branches 5 of the second total branch are connected with the main feeder 4 through the second wiring structure.
The first wiring structure comprises four sections, wherein the first section extends from the main feeder 4 along the width direction of the dielectric plate 3; the second section extends for 8 delta L millimeters from the terminal point of the first section along the length direction of the dielectric plate 3; the third section extends for delta y millimeter along the width direction of the dielectric plate 3 from the terminal point of the second section, and the extending direction is the same as the extending direction of the first section; the fourth section extends from the end point of the third section along the length direction of the dielectric plate 3 and the extending direction is opposite to that of the second section; the 4 branches of the first total branch are connected to the fourth section at intervals of L mm;
the second wiring structure comprises four sections, wherein the first section extends from the main feeder 4 along the width direction of the dielectric plate 3; the second section extends for 4 delta L millimeters from the terminal point of the first section along the length direction of the dielectric plate 3; the third section extends for delta y millimeter along the width direction of the dielectric plate 3 from the terminal point of the second section, and the extending direction is the same as the extending direction of the first section; the fourth section extends from the end point of the third section along the length direction of the dielectric plate 3 and the extending direction is opposite to that of the second section; the 4 branches 5 of the second total branch are connected to the fourth section at equal intervals of L millimeters;
the length of the first segment of the second wiring structure is longer than the length of the first segment of the first wiring structure by ay millimeters.
The 4 branches 5 of the first total branch are all L-shaped branches 5, one side of each L-shaped branch 5 is connected with the fourth section of the first wiring structure, and the length of one side of each L-shaped branch 5 is increased by delta y millimeters in sequence; the other side of the L-shaped branch 5 is connected with the radiation patch 6, the other side of the L-shaped branch 5 is sequentially reduced by delta L millimeters, and the longest length of the other side of the L-shaped branch 5 is 3 delta L millimeters.
The 4 branches 5 of the second total branch are all L-shaped branches 5, one side of each L-shaped branch 5 is connected with the fourth section of the first wiring structure, and the length of one side of each L-shaped branch 5 is increased by delta y millimeters in sequence; the other side of the L-shaped branch 5 is connected with the radiation patch 6, the other side of the L-shaped branch 5 is sequentially reduced by delta L millimeters, and the longest length of the other side of the L-shaped branch 5 is 3 delta L millimeters. In this embodiment Δ L takes 3.3, Δ y takes 0.8, the width of the branch 5 is 0.3mm, and the width of the main feed line 4 is 3 mm.
In the embodiment, the antenna is manufactured by adopting a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) technology, so that the cost is low and the assembly difficulty is low.
In a specific implementation, the antenna is assembled on a dielectric layer with the dielectric constant of 2.2, the loss tangent of 0.0009, the length of 90mm, the width of 50mm and the total thickness of 1 mm; the lengths of the upper layer metal plate 11 and the lower layer metal plate 22 are 90mm, the branches 5, the feeder 4 and the patch are arranged in the middle layer of the antenna, the distance between the branches 5 is 6.7mm, the height difference between the branches 5 is 0.8mm, the length difference between the branches 5 is 3.3mm, the width of the branch 5 is 0.3mm, the length of the feeder 4 is 90mm, and the width is 3 mm.
Fig. 4 shows the reflection coefficient and gain coefficient of the present invention, and it can be seen from fig. 4 that the bandwidth of the antenna impedance (| S11| < -10dB) is about 20%, the bandwidth is large, and the maximum gain is 5.9 dBi.
Fig. 5 shows the radiation pattern of the present invention operating at 9.0, 10.0, and 11.0GHz, and it can be seen that the antenna pattern is stable and the beam is fixed.
The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar parts;
the terms describing positional relationships in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
it should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a fixed travelling wave antenna of 2 x 4 broadband beam which characterized in that, includes upper metal sheet, lower floor metal sheet, dielectric plate, main feeder, 2 groups total branches and 8 radiation patches, wherein:
the upper metal plate, the lower metal plate and the dielectric plate are rectangular plates, the upper metal plate is attached to the upper surface of the dielectric plate, and the lower metal plate is attached to the lower surface of the dielectric plate;
the middle of the dielectric slab is provided with a middle layer, the main feeder, 2 groups of main branches and 8 radiation patches are all arranged in the middle layer, the main feeder is arranged along the length direction of the dielectric slab, the 2 groups of main branches are respectively connected with the main feeder, the 2 groups of main branches respectively comprise 4 branches, the 2 groups of main branches totally comprise 8 branches with length difference, and the 2 groups of main branches totally comprise 8 branches which are respectively connected with 1 radiation patch;
the lengths of the upper metal plate, the lower metal plate and the dielectric plate are equal, the width of the dielectric plate is longer than the widths of the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate, the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate are aligned and attached along the long edge of one side of the dielectric plate, and the overlapped area of the upper metal plate, the lower metal plate and the dielectric plate is an overlapped area;
the main feeder line and 2 groups of total branches have 8 branches which are positioned in the overlapping area at the position of the middle layer, and the 8 radiating patches are positioned outside the overlapping area at the position of the middle layer.
2. The 2 x 4 broadband beam fixed traveling wave antenna according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric plate is a solid dielectric.
3. The 2 x 4 broadband beam fixed traveling-wave antenna according to claim 2, wherein the intermediate layer is equidistant from the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric plate.
4. The 2 x 4 broadband beam fixed traveling-wave antenna according to claim 3, wherein the length of the main feeder is equal to the lengths of the upper metal plate, the lower metal plate, and the dielectric plate.
5. The 2 x 4 wideband beam fixed traveling wave antenna according to claim 4 wherein the 2 groups of total branches are a first total branch and a second total branch, wherein the first total branch further comprises a first wiring structure through which 4 branches of the first total branch are connected to the main feed line, wherein the second total branch further comprises a second wiring structure through which 4 branches of the second total branch are connected to the main feed line.
6. The 2 x 4 broadband beam fixed traveling-wave antenna according to claim 5, wherein the first connection structure includes four segments, a first segment extending from a main feeder line in a width direction of the dielectric plate; the second section extends for 8 delta L millimeters from the terminal point of the first section along the length direction of the dielectric slab; the third section extends for delta y millimeters along the width direction of the dielectric slab from the terminal point of the second section, and the extending direction is the same as that of the first section; the fourth section extends from the end point of the third section along the length direction of the dielectric slab and the extending direction of the fourth section is opposite to that of the second section; the 4 branches of the first total branch are connected to the fourth section at intervals of L millimeters;
the second wiring structure comprises four sections, wherein the first section extends from the main feeder line along the width direction of the dielectric slab; the second section extends for 4 delta L millimeters from the terminal point of the first section along the length direction of the dielectric slab; the third section extends for delta y millimeters along the width direction of the dielectric slab from the terminal point of the second section, and the extending direction is the same as that of the first section; the fourth section extends from the end point of the third section along the length direction of the dielectric slab and the extending direction of the fourth section is opposite to that of the second section; the 4 branches of the second total branch are connected to the fourth section at equal intervals of L millimeters;
the length of the first segment of the second wiring structure is longer than the length of the first segment of the first wiring structure by ay millimeters.
7. The 2 x 4 wideband beam fixed traveling-wave antenna according to claim 6, wherein the 4 branches of the first total branch comprise 3 branches
Type branch and 1
A type branch, one side of the 4 branches and the first wiringThe fourth section of the structure is connected, and the lengths of the sides of the 4 branches of the first total branch, which are connected with the fourth section of the first wiring structure, are sequentially increased by delta y millimeters; the other sides of the 4 branches of the first total branch are connected with the radiating patches, and the other sides of the 3 branches of the first total branch are connected with the radiating patches
The middle edges of the type branches are sequentially reduced by Delta L millimeter, and 3 of the first total branches
The longest length of the middle side of the profile branch is 3 al millimeters.
8. The 2 x 4 wideband beam fixed traveling-wave antenna according to claim 7, wherein the 4 branches of the second total branch comprise 3 branches
Type branch and 1
The length of one side of the 4 branches of the second total branch connected with the fourth section of the first wiring structure is increased by delta y millimeters in sequence; the other sides of the 4 branches of the second main branch are connected with the radiation patch, and the other sides of the 3 branches of the second main branch are connected with the radiation patch
The middle edge of the profile branch is successively reduced by DeltaL mm, and the number of the second total branch is 3
The longest length of the middle side of the profile branch is 3 al millimeters.
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