CN101391912B - 美丽竹芋营养液 - Google Patents

美丽竹芋营养液 Download PDF

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CN101391912B
CN101391912B CN2008101520440A CN200810152044A CN101391912B CN 101391912 B CN101391912 B CN 101391912B CN 2008101520440 A CN2008101520440 A CN 2008101520440A CN 200810152044 A CN200810152044 A CN 200810152044A CN 101391912 B CN101391912 B CN 101391912B
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nutrient fluid
plant
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roseopicta
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CN101391912A (zh
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杨铁顺
赵亮
王宝生
吴建平
王立娟
夏慧琴
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Tianjin Dongxin International Flower Co ltd
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Tianjin Binhai International Flower Technology Park Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及植物营养液领域。美丽竹芋营养液，含有以下比例成分的水溶液(mg/L)：Ca(NO3)2590~945，KNO3 253~809，KH2PO4 68~153，MgSO4 347~493；微量元素(mg/L)：Na2Fe-EDTA20，H3BO3 2.86，MnSO4·4H2O 2.13，ZnSO4·7H2O 0.22，CuSO4·5H2O 0.08，(NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O 0.02。使用本发明营养液配方后，美丽竹芋植株株高由20.1提高到42.7，叶片数由8片提高到了16片，叶片面积有150cm2提高到了300cm2，极大的提高了品质。

Description

美丽竹芋营养液
技术领域
本发明涉及植物栽培技术领域；特别是植物营养液领域。
背景技术
美丽竹芋(Calathea roseopicta)又称饰叶肖竹芋，是竹芋科肖竹芋属的多年生草本花卉。美丽竹芋的叶为卵圆形至披针形，叶长为20cm，叶宽为8cm，在侧脉之间有多对乳白色斑块。幼株时呈粉红色，叶背面为紫红色。美丽竹芋生长过程中喜欢高温多湿半荫蔽的环境条件，所以在栽培过程中应保持栽培基质中有充足的水分，但也忌栽培基质中积水过多。夏季栽培过程中应避免强烈阳光照射，并经常向叶面喷水，应保持温度在30℃以下，冬季在栽培过程中应保持比较干燥的栽培基质，温度不应低于10℃。美丽竹芋也适合在我国南方地区种植，北方种植以设施内种植为主。
目前使用的营养液多为含有固定的组成分、配比和用量的N、P、K大量元素和Ca、Mg、S、Zn、Cu、Fe、Mn、Mo、B等中量、微量元素按照不同的剂量复配在一起使用。大量的试验研究证明，要使营养液类液体肥料发挥其较好的肥效，必须按照花卉的需肥规律和土壤的供肥能力来确定营养元素的种类、配比和用量。花卉和土壤类型不同，需用营养元素的种类、配比和用量也不同，否则易出现应用效果不稳定或负作用。
一些营养液态肥料中，还含有诸如黄腐酸、30烷醇、奎宁、口—萘乙酸、阿斯匹林等生长激素物质和杀虫灭菌农药，少数产品中还添加有中草药物，虽均可获得较好的应用效果，但其效果不一定是因添加生长激素所至。因为大多数生长激素难溶于水，在水溶液中极易分解而失去活性，而且用量要求严格，价格昂贵，如使用不当易引起负作用；杀虫灭菌农药均有一定的毒性，使用不当易造成对植物、人畜的毒害和环境污染。
美丽竹芋是以观叶为主的花卉，在种植过程中以促进叶片的生长为主要。生长过程中在保证各种营养元素供应的基础上，应适宜供应氮肥，以促进植株的正常生长，但具体的营养液配方目前尚未有成熟的产品市售。
发明内容
本发明为解决公知技术中存在的技术问题而筛选出一种美丽竹芋营养液配方，使美丽竹芋植株，株型高，叶片数多且叶面积大。
美丽竹芋营养液，含有以下比例成分的水溶液(mg/L)：Ca(NO3)2590~945，KNO3253~809，KH2PO468~153，MgSO4347~493；微量元素(mg/L)：Na2Fe-EDTA20，H3BO32.86，MnSO4·4H2O2.13，ZnSO4·7H2O0.22，CuSO4·5H2O0.08，(NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O0.02。
本发明具有的优点和积极效果是：使用本发明营养液配方后，美丽竹芋植株，株高由20.1提高到42.7，叶片数由8片提高到了16片，叶片面积有150cm2提高到了300cm2，极大的提高了美丽竹芋的品质。
具体实施方式
本试验以进口草炭、珍珠岩为栽培基质，进行美丽竹芋的无土栽培，栽培过程中对美丽竹芋浇灌不同的营养液，以观测适宜的营养液配方。设六个配方的营养液配方，每个配方处理栽植竹芋植株90株。
配方：美丽竹芋营养液，含有以下比例成分的水溶液(mg/L)：
A：Ca(NO3)2590+KNO3253+KH2PO468+MgSO4347(mg/L)
B：Ca(NO3)2945+KNO3809+KH2PO4153+MgSO4493(mg/L)
C：Ca(NO3)21180+KNO3506+K3PO4136+MgSO4693(mg/L)
D：KNO3700+Ca(NO3)2200+Ca3(PO4)21090+MgSO4450+(NH4)2SO4156(mg/L)
E：Ca(NO3)2250+KNO3700+Ca(H2PO4)2350+(NH4)2SO4520+MgSO4350(mg/L)
微量元素(mg/L)：Na2Fe-EDTA20，H3BO32.86，MnSO4·4H2O2.13，ZnSO4·7H2O0.22，CuSO4·5H2O0.08，(NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O0.02。
按配方剂量称取不同成分的肥料，逐一的放入预先接好水的水桶中，每加入一种肥料要充分搅拌均匀，方可加入第二种肥料，依次直到全部加完肥料，然后再搅拌至所有肥料全部溶于水后即可。
在装满基质的花盆中种植上美丽竹芋的幼苗，将花盆放入温室栽培床上，控制温室温度为23-25℃，相对湿度60-70％，光照强度为20000-30000lux。移栽后的植株及时浇灌营养液。生长期间根据植株生长情况每7-10天浇灌一次营养液，定期观察植株的生长情况。
为了了解不同营养液配方对美丽竹芋植株生长的影响，对浇灌不同营养液配方的美丽竹芋植株进行生长势的观测。主要观测植株的株高、叶片数、最大叶叶面积等指标。
表1不同营养液配方对美丽竹芋生长势影响
 
配方 株高(cm) 叶片数(片) 叶面积(cm<sup>2</sup>)
A 42.7 16 300
B 41.9 15 284
C 25.6 8 150
D 23.2 9 163
E 20.1 10 152
由表1可以看出。浇灌营养液配方A、B的美丽竹芋无论是从株高、叶片数和叶面积上，都强于其他配方。

Claims (1)

1.美丽竹芋营养液，含有以下比例成分的水溶液，单位mg/L：Ca(NO3)2590~945，KNO3253~809，KH2PO468~153，MgSO4347~493；微量元素，单位mg/L：Na2Fe-EDTA20，H3BO32.86，MnSO4·4H2O2.13，ZnSO4·7H2O0.22，CuSO4·5H2O0.08，(NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O0.02。
CN2008101520440A 2008-10-08 2008-10-08 美丽竹芋营养液 Active CN101391912B (zh)

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CN101654389B (zh) * 2009-08-06 2014-10-22 天津滨海国际花卉科技园区股份有限公司 金花竹芋栽培营养组合物及其施肥方法
CN101792344A (zh) * 2010-03-05 2010-08-04 东莞市农业科学研究中心 翠叶竹芋栽培营养液配方及其栽培方法
CN102093103B (zh) * 2010-11-10 2014-04-16 天津滨海国际花卉科技园区股份有限公司 百合无土扦插营养液

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1294106A (zh) * 1999-10-29 2001-05-09 刘敏 一种植物营养液
CN1778773A (zh) * 2005-10-17 2006-05-31 浙江林学院 一种含木醋液或草醋液的液体肥料及其制备方法

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1294106A (zh) * 1999-10-29 2001-05-09 刘敏 一种植物营养液
CN1778773A (zh) * 2005-10-17 2006-05-31 浙江林学院 一种含木醋液或草醋液的液体肥料及其制备方法

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