CN101389871B - 球窝接头 - Google Patents

球窝接头 Download PDF

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CN101389871B
CN101389871B CN2007800065150A CN200780006515A CN101389871B CN 101389871 B CN101389871 B CN 101389871B CN 2007800065150 A CN2007800065150 A CN 2007800065150A CN 200780006515 A CN200780006515 A CN 200780006515A CN 101389871 B CN101389871 B CN 101389871B
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housing
ball
cartridge housing
socket joint
bulb
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CN101389871A (zh
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L·绍曼
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With industry technology Kaili Automobile Co. Ltd. know Mao
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TRW Automotive GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C11/00Pivots; Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/04Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/06Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
    • F16C11/0619Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints the female part comprising a blind socket receiving the male part
    • F16C11/0623Construction or details of the socket member
    • F16C11/0628Construction or details of the socket member with linings
    • F16C11/0633Construction or details of the socket member with linings the linings being made of plastics
    • F16C11/0638Construction or details of the socket member with linings the linings being made of plastics characterised by geometrical details
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C11/00Pivots; Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/04Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/06Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
    • F16C11/0619Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints the female part comprising a blind socket receiving the male part
    • F16C11/0623Construction or details of the socket member
    • F16C11/0647Special features relating to adjustment for wear or play; Wear indicators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/32Articulated members
    • Y10T403/32606Pivoted
    • Y10T403/32631Universal ball and socket
    • Y10T403/32713Elastomerically biased or backed components
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/32Articulated members
    • Y10T403/32606Pivoted
    • Y10T403/32631Universal ball and socket
    • Y10T403/32721Elastomeric seat
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/32Articulated members
    • Y10T403/32606Pivoted
    • Y10T403/32631Universal ball and socket
    • Y10T403/32737Universal ball and socket including liner, shim, or discrete seat

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
  • Joints Allowing Movement (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种球窝接头,特别是一种轴向接头,它具有壳体(10)、设置在该壳体(10)内的轴承壳(12)以及带有设置在该轴承壳(12)内的球头(14)的球轴颈(16),轴承壳(12)由球头(14)弹性地弯曲打开,这样,该轴承壳变形产生的恢复力在球头(14)上施加应力,以试图将球头(14)挤压到壳体(10)之外,其特征在于,在未安装好的初始状态,在位于轴承壳的底部之上的区域中,轴承壳(12)的曲率半径小于球头(14)的半径。

Description

球窝接头
技术领域
本发明涉及一种球窝接头,特别是一种轴向接头。
背景技术
通常在球窝接头中,尤其是在轴向球窝接头中,可能会出现轴承壳日益磨损的问题,并且球头也会在壳体内跳动。这种跳动本质上是不合乎需要的。
根据现有技术的轴向球窝接头示于图1和3。在图1中,该轴向球窝接头在壳体闭合前处于安装好的状态,图3所示的球窝接头处于完全安装好的状态。可以看到壳体10,其中设置有轴承壳12。球轴颈16的球头14被插入到该轴承壳内。在图3的完全安装好的状态,壳体的边缘区域18向内折边,以使得球头14牢固地保持在壳体10内。
图2示出了在沿箭头F施加应力的情况下,球头14的位移特征曲线。可以看出,力随球头位移的曲线急剧上升,这是因为球头仅在轴承壳被压缩时发生移动。对于此将需要很大的力。
图4a示出了球窝接头在闭合、完全安装好的情况下遭受轴向应力时产生的曲线。当壳体10闭合时,由于球头14牢固地压在轴承壳上,轴承壳将在接触区域遭受很高的弹性压缩。因此,产生了非常陡峭的力随位移的曲线。可以看出,曲线连续地通过零点,这是因为球窝接头不具有任何跳动。
图4b示出了在球窝接头被彻底磨损后,力随球头位移的曲线。由于下陷和磨损,该磨损导致轴承壳12的与球头相接触区域的厚度部分地减小了。因此,球头14可在基本上不需要向下及向上的力的作用下围绕其中心位置移动,而在与轴承壳12邻接后,它仅在轴承壳的材料被弹性压缩后产生进一步移动。因此,在过零区域内,即,在施加负载的反方向上,产生了不连续的曲线,但是,在不连续部分之外的曲线具有和实际上新的球窝接头大致相同的斜率。
如果磨损后的球窝接头具有跳动,这无疑是不合乎需要的。另一方面,当加载方向反向,球头从轴承壳的一侧移动到另一侧时,这种跳动将产生噪音。另一方面,当加载方向反向时,这种跳动将导致球窝接头以及与其连接的部件的应力增加。
在EP0784755A1中,公开了一种试图消除由于磨损产生的应力的球窝接头。在该球窝接头中,在壳体和轴承壳之间设置有橡胶圈,该橡胶圈在球窝接头安装好后被压缩,并且因此将轴承壳部分弹性地挤压到球头上。这样,即使轴承壳被磨损,由于橡胶圈施加的弹性力,它仍然平放在球头上。通过这种方式,可防止跳动发生,并且球头可不受壳体内的力的影响而自由移动。但是,该已知球窝接头的缺点是,存在橡胶圈形式的额外部件,这必需生产出来并保持准备就绪以及安装。这增加了成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的是进一步研发一种最初提及的那种类型的球窝接头,以便可以合适的成本生产,并且仍然可防止在壳体内产生跳动。
为实现该目的,根据本发明预先安排了一种最初提到的那种类型的球窝接头,它具有壳体、设置在该壳体内的轴承壳以及带有设置在该轴承壳内的球头的球轴颈,其中轴承壳由球头弹性地弯曲打开,这样,该轴承壳变形产生的恢复力在球头上施加应力,以试图将球头挤压到壳体之外,其特征在于,在未安装好的初始状态,在位于轴承壳底部之上的区域中,轴承壳的曲率半径小于球头的半径。本发明基于该基本思想,使用轴承壳的固有弹性来产生预应力。为此,生产出的轴承壳的形状并不完全与球头的形状和壳体的内表面配合,这样,在安装好后,轴承壳弹性变形,特别是膨胀。由此产生的恢复力可确保在轴承壳的厚度由于磨损减小后,轴承壳仍抵靠球头而不产生跳动。
优选地,当轴承壳安装到壳体中并且壳体闭合后,在壳体和轴承壳之间的支撑区域中基本上不存在自由空间。
优选地,在区域B中,轴承壳在未安装的初始状态具有不同的内曲率半径和外曲率半径。
优选地,轴承壳由区域A支撑在壳体中。
优选地,壳体的曲率半径在区域B中是偏心延伸的。
优选地,在区域B中,壳体的内表面由也是偏心延伸的数个曲率半径形成。
附图说明
下面通过由附图举例说明的实施例来描述本发明。
图1是根据现有技术的球窝接头的断面图,其处于部分安装状态;
图2是图1中球窝接头的负载随球头位移的特征曲线;
图3是根据现有技术的球窝接头的断面图,其处于完全安装状态;
图4a和图4b分别是图3中球窝接头的负载随球头位移的特征曲线,它们分别处于实际上的新的状态和磨损状态;
图5是根据本发明的球窝接头的断面图,其处于部分安装状态;
图6是图5中球窝接头的负载随球头位移的特征曲线;
图7是根据本发明的球窝接头的断面图,其处于完全安装状态;
图8a和图8b分别是图7中球窝接头的负载随球头位移的特征曲线,它们分别处于实际上的新的状态和磨损状态。
具体实施方式
在图5中,可看到一球窝接头,与图1中已知的球窝接头同样的方式,它具有壳体10,其内设置有轴承壳12,该轴承壳12又保持球轴颈16的球头14。与图1所示的球窝接头对比,此处的轴承壳12被构造为其内部空间尺寸,概括地说,比球头14的尺寸要小一些。特别的,在略位于球头14的赤道以下的区域B,轴承壳的曲率半径小于球头的半径。这导致球头14不能完全插入到轴承壳12和壳体10内。可以看出,被包围的自由空间被保持在球头和轴承壳之间,以及轴承壳和壳体之间。
如果球头14在该状态下沿箭头F的方向被施加应力,所产生的负载随球头位移的特征曲线示于图6中。首先是比较大的区域E,其中轴承壳12产生弹性,尤其是膨胀。该作用与盘簧的膨胀类似,并且大体上不同于图2的特征曲线。根据本发明的球窝接头,当球头被压向轴承壳的底部时,轴承壳12像弹簧那样被预加应力。在支撑区域B中的球头14和轴承壳12之间以及轴承壳12和壳体10之间的自由空间完全消除后,该作用结束。据此,由于轴承壳12的材料从这一点起必需被压缩,因此力随球头位移的特征曲线急剧上升。
图7示出了球窝接头处于完全安装好的状态。壳体10的折边区域18将球头保持在这样一种状态,即,它被向下牢固地压入到壳体10内,并且轴承壳12被弹性地预施加应力,而且对于支撑区域B来说,在球头14和轴承壳12之间以及轴承壳12和壳体10之间根本不存在自由空间。
图7的球窝接头的特征曲线示于图8a和8b中。在非磨损状态(图8a),由于轴承壳12的材料沿每一方向的负载均必需被直接压缩(见连续的直线),因此就产生了具有过零的直的特征曲线。在磨损状态(图8b),可以看出,在过零区域,即沿负载的反向,球窝接头没有产生跳动,但是在任意一种情况下,球头必需克服所限定的力移动。这是因为轴承壳12的弹性恢复力为球头被压向壳体的折边18做好了准备,这样就不会产生跳动。

Claims (6)

1.一种球窝接头,其具有壳体(10)、设置在该壳体(10)内的轴承壳(12)以及带有设置在该轴承壳(12)内的球头(14)的球轴颈(16),轴承壳(12)由球头(14)弹性地弯曲打开,这样,该轴承壳变形产生的恢复力在球头(14)上施加应力,以试图将球头(14)挤压到壳体(10)之外,其特征在于,在未安装好的初始状态,在位于轴承壳的底部之上的区域中,轴承壳(12)的曲率半径小于球头(14)的半径。
2.根据权利要求1所述的球窝接头,其特征在于,当轴承壳(12)安装到壳体(10)中并且壳体(10)闭合后,在壳体(10)和轴承壳(12)之间的支撑区域中基本上不存在自由空间。
3.根据权利要求1所述的球窝接头,其特征在于,在区域(B)中,轴承壳(12)在未安装的初始状态具有不同的内曲率半径和外曲率半径。
4.根据权利要求1所述的球窝接头,其特征在于,轴承壳(12)由区域(A)支撑在壳体(10)中。
5.根据权利要求1所述的球窝接头,其特征在于,壳体(10)的曲率半径在区域(B)中是偏心延伸的。
6.根据权利要求1所述的球窝接头,其特征在于,在区域(B)中,壳体(10)的内表面由也是偏心延伸的数个曲率半径形成。
CN2007800065150A 2006-02-22 2007-02-14 球窝接头 Active CN101389871B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006008250.8 2006-02-22
DE102006008250A DE102006008250A1 (de) 2006-02-22 2006-02-22 Kugelgelenk
PCT/EP2007/001282 WO2007096081A1 (de) 2006-02-22 2007-02-14 Kugelgelenk

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CN101389871A CN101389871A (zh) 2009-03-18
CN101389871B true CN101389871B (zh) 2011-10-12

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US (1) US7785029B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1991796B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN101389871B (zh)
DE (1) DE102006008250A1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2459620T3 (zh)
WO (1) WO2007096081A1 (zh)

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ITGE20110082A1 (it) * 2011-07-28 2013-01-29 Sirtres S R L Piede di appoggio per stabilizzatori .
DE102017206706B4 (de) * 2017-04-20 2019-03-14 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kugelgelenks
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CN108374831A (zh) * 2018-02-26 2018-08-07 苏世博(南京)减振系统有限公司 一种气弹簧球窝接头

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DE102006008250A1 (de) 2007-08-23
EP1991796A1 (de) 2008-11-19
US20090154989A1 (en) 2009-06-18
EP1991796B1 (de) 2014-04-09
CN101389871A (zh) 2009-03-18
ES2459620T3 (es) 2014-05-12
WO2007096081A1 (de) 2007-08-30
US7785029B2 (en) 2010-08-31

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