CN101387208A - Push cam type internal combustion engine without side pressure - Google Patents
Push cam type internal combustion engine without side pressure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101387208A CN101387208A CNA2008100461500A CN200810046150A CN101387208A CN 101387208 A CN101387208 A CN 101387208A CN A2008100461500 A CNA2008100461500 A CN A2008100461500A CN 200810046150 A CN200810046150 A CN 200810046150A CN 101387208 A CN101387208 A CN 101387208A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cam
- cylinder
- cylinders
- combustion engine
- push rod
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Abstract
The invention relates to a non-side pressure push rod cam combustion engine, which transmits power of pistons to a main cam fixed on a main shaft by a push rod for output, wherein one end of the push rod is connected with hinges of the pistons, and the other end of the push rod is provided with a cam roller and a push rod roller; the cam roller is inserted into a cam-shaped groove on the main cam; the push rod roller is arranged inside a guide groove, so as to drive the push rod to move along the guide groove and make the guide groove bear the circumferential component force of the acting force of the main cam on the push rod, thereby the side pressure between the pistons and the cylinder walls is zero; cylinders are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the main cam and symmetrical with the axle center of the main cam; the acting force of all the pistons on the main cam is completely balanced; and a duplex inner cam which is fixed on the main shaft is used for controlling inlet valves and exhaust valves of all the cylinders. Compared with the prior combustion engine, the non-side pressure push rod cam combustion engine saves a crank-link mechanism, a distribution timing gear mechanism and so on, and has the characteristics of simple structure, small axial dimension, no side pressure, small abrasion, long service life, low vibration and noise, stable operation, large power, high transmission efficiency and so on.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the reciprocating internal combustion machine technology, particularly relate to the internal-combustion engine technology that the internal combustion engine piston to-and-fro motion is converted to the motion of power output main shaft gyration.
Background technique
Existing reciprocating four-stroke internal combustion engine is to utilize connecting rod to change the linear reciprocating motion of piston into bent axle rotatablely moving and output movement and power.There is the defective of following several respects in the internal-combustion engine of this structural type:
First: because the motion of connecting rod is periodic plane motion, make the very big periodicity alternation side pressure of generation between piston and cylinder wall, thereby the wearing and tearing of aggravation cylinder wall, piston (piston ring), shorten service life of engine, the aggravation wearing and tearing are more than the power that normal wear consumes, and make the transmission efficiency of internal-combustion engine lower.
Second:, cause bigger last item power, vibration and noise owing to the off-centre of part qualities such as bent axle, the plane motion of connection rod set and the reasons such as imbalance of part stress.
The 3rd: in order to increase the power of internal-combustion engine, adopt the multi-cylinder engine of arranging along same axis usually, the axial dimension of this internal-combustion engine is big.In addition, open and close in good time, will adopt distribution timing mechanism usually, make that the internal combustion engine part number is many, mechanism is complicated, volume is big and heavy in order to make intake valve, exhaust valve.
The 4th: the complex structure of bent axle, manufacture difficulty is big.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiency that the prior art reciprocating internal combustion engine exists, purpose of the present invention aims to provide a kind of push cam type internal combustion engine without side pressure, to overcome the above-mentioned defective that the prior art reciprocating internal combustion engine exists.
The technological scheme that the present invention is adopted for its technical problem of solution is, push cam type internal combustion engine without side pressure mainly comprises frame, rack-mounted cylinder system, oil supply system, gas distribution system and the reciprocating motion of the pistons of cylinder system is converted into the motion mode converting system of power output main shaft gyration motion, said converting system is the cam converting system, the main cam-shaped groove that goes out by Design and Machining on main cam, the guide groove and the push rod that are fixedly installed on the frame constitute, one end of push rod connects with piston hinge by wrist pin, the other end is equipped with push rod roller and tappet roller by push rod pin, the push rod roller is positioned at guide groove, the symmetrical line of guide groove overlaps with the piston motion shaft axis of cylinder system, tappet roller is positioned at main cam shape groove, main cam is fixedly mounted on the power output main shaft, a guide groove and push rod that push rod roller and tappet roller are installed that is fixedly installed on the frame of the corresponding configuration of each cylinder system.This structural design of the present invention, its power output passes to main cam and main shaft by push rod with the piston actuated power in the cylinder, and the linear reciprocating motion of piston is converted to the rotation motion of power output main shaft.By push rod pin push rod roller and tappet roller are installed on push rod, its tappet roller can be moving along the shape trough roller in main cam shape groove, the push rod roller can roll along guide groove, this connecting structure between tappet roller on the push rod and the cam-shaped groove, making the transmission of movement connecting relation between push rod and the main cam is the rolling friction relation, changed the hinge movement connecting relation between the connecting rod and bent axle in the existing reciprocating internal combustion engine, thereby made the cylinder can be along the main cam periphery; This connecting structure between push rod roller and the guide groove, main cam is being born by guide groove perpendicular to the component on the piston motion direction (being circumferential component) the active force or the reaction force of push rod, be rolling friction between push rod and the guide groove, make push rod become two power bars that can only do reciprocating linear motion along the cylinder shaft axis, so the side pressure between piston and the cylinder wall is zero.With the cam-shaped groove that tappet roller matches, its theoretical contour designs to strengthen the dynamics of internal-combustion engine according to the piston acceleration characteristics of motion of determining, improves the energy conversion efficiency of internal-combustion engine.The cylinder body of guide groove and cylinder system can be made the back separately and be fixed on the frame with bolt and pin, also guide groove, cylinder body and frame can be manufactured an integral body.
In technique scheme, the gas distribution system of said control cylinder intake and exhaust can be designed to the cam gas distribution system, mainly constitutes the keying of control cylinder intake valve and exhaust valve respectively by being fixed on two cam rings that vary in size on the power output main shaft.Two cam rings of control cylinder intake valve and exhaust valve keying are preferably the duplex cam ring respectively.The technological scheme of paying the utmost attention to employing is, the keying of cylinder intake valve is by cam ring control less in the duplex cam ring, and the keying of inblock cylinder valve is by cam ring control bigger in the duplex cam ring.For the fretting wear between the actuating rod that reduces the keying of valve cam and manipulating cylinder inlet and exhaust valve, the manipulation actuating rod contacts an end that connects roller is installed with the distribution cam ring.
In technique scheme, when internal-combustion engine is four phase cam four-cylinder internal combustion engines, its main cam that is fixed on the main shaft is to have four four phase cams that are mutually 90 ° of angle projections, four cylinders are evenly arranged in peripheral axle center at four phase cams symmetrically, two cylinders of the 180 ° of symmetric arrangement of being separated by are as one group, the working state of two cylinders on the same group is synchronous, and the stroke process of two groups of cylinders is 90 ° corresponding to the phase difference of main cam corner; When internal-combustion engine is four phase cams, eight cylinder IC engines, its main cam that is fixed on the main shaft is to have four four phase cams that are mutually 90 ° of angle projections, uniform symmetrically eight cylinders in the peripheral axle center of four phase cams, two cylinders of the 180 ° of symmetric arrangement of will being separated by are as one group, the working state of two cylinders on the same group is synchronous, four groups of piston cylinders carry out suction stroke, compression stroke, gaseous combustion expansion stroke and exhaust stroke successively, and the stroke process of two adjacent groups piston cylinder is 45 ° corresponding to the phase difference of main cam corner; When internal-combustion engine is six phase cam six-cylinder engines, its main cam that is fixed on the main shaft is to have six six phase cams that are mutually 60 ° of angle projections, uniform symmetrically six cylinders in the peripheral axle center of six phase cams, three cylinders of the 120 ° of symmetric arrangement of will being separated by are as one group, the working state of three cylinders on the same group is synchronous, and the stroke process of two groups of cylinders is 60 ° corresponding to the phase difference of main cam corner; When internal-combustion engine is six phase cam twelve-cylinder internal-combustion engines, its main cam that is fixed on the main shaft is to have six six phase cams that are mutually 60 ° of angle projections, uniform symmetrically 12 cylinders in the peripheral axle center of six phase cams, three cylinders of the 120 ° of symmetric arrangement of will being separated by are as one group, the working state of three cylinders on the same group is synchronous, four groups of cylinders carry out suction stroke, compression stroke, gaseous combustion expansion stroke and exhaust stroke successively, and the stroke process of two adjacent groups cylinder is 30 ° corresponding to the phase difference of main cam corner.
The present invention has also taked some other technical measures.
Main inventive point of the present invention is: 1. change connecting rod into push rod, and for push rod is provided with guide groove, with the connecting rod in the traditional reciprocating internal combustion engine of no side pressure push cam driving mechanism replacement; 2. cancelled bent axle,, but not arranged along axis with the periphery of each cylinder arrangement at main cam; 3. at the number of phases of main cam and the symmetry properties of structure thereof, peripheral axle center at main cam evenly is provided with suitable cylinder number symmetrically, and the job order of arranging each cylinder dexterously, and making main shaft only be subjected to torsional interaction and making a concerted effort is zero, so internal combustion engine is steady, can simplify distribution device greatly simultaneously; 4. use all intake valves and the exhaust valve of a duplex cam ring controlling combustion engine, saved numerous parts such as distribution timing mechanism, distribution cam axle and tappet.
The present invention compares with traditional reciprocating four-stroke internal combustion engine, has following beneficial technical effects:
1. non-lateral pressure, long, the high working efficiency of little, the service life of a machine of wearing and tearing.Because among the present invention, one end of push rod is connected with piston hinge, the other end is equipped with can be along the push rod roller of guide groove rolling, main cam acts on the guide groove for the active force of push rod or reaction force by the push rod roller along the component perpendicular to the piston axis direction, push rod has been become only be subjected to along the active force of piston axis direction and along two reciprocating power bars of piston axis direction, so piston non-lateral pressure, eliminated fully in traditional connecting rod internal-combustion engine, periodic alternation side pressure between piston and the cylinder wall, fretting wear and friction power loss that side pressure thus causes have been eliminated, prolong service life of a machine, improved machine works efficient.Among the present invention, between the duplex cam ring and valve of control valve, between push rod and the guide groove, all be the rolling friction contact between push rod and the main cam, make that the mechanical efficiency of mechanical driving part improves greatly in the internal-combustion engine, can reach more than 99%.
2. vibrate little, noise is little, motion is steady.Because cylinder is evenly arranged on the same plane symmetrically in main cam periphery axle center, so main shaft does not have torsional vibration.Again owing to each piston in every group of cylinder carries out same stroke procedure synchronously, be that working condition is identical, thereby the active force of each piston acts on the main cam by push rod symmetrically in every group of cylinder, make main cam and main shaft only be subjected to torsional interaction, and to make a concerted effort be zero, eliminated the impact shock that causes because of single force.The job order of ingenious each cylinder of arrangement both can make main shaft to make a concerted effort be zero, the torque ripple that main shaft is subjected to is little again, makes spindle operation steady.Because among the present invention, push rod does reciprocating linear motion, main cam is the axisymmetric cam, cancelled crankshaft-and-connecting-rod, thereby eliminated because of bent axle mass eccentricity, connecting rod do inertial force and tilting moment and consequent vibration and noise that plane motion causes, eliminated the connecting rod beat and caused piston to bounce vibration and noise that cylinder causes.The present invention directly controls the inlet and outlet door of all cylinders with a duplex cam ring, has saved part and distribution timing mechanisms such as distribution cam axle, tappet, the distribution device kinematic chain is shortened greatly, so also reduced the vibration and the noise of internal-combustion engine greatly.
3. axial dimension is little, volume is little, in light weight.Owing to cancelled the bent axle of bulky complex, cylinder evenly arranged symmetrically that along main cam periphery axle center compare with traditional in-line arrangement reciprocating IC engine, axial dimension can reduce more than 1/2.Owing to only just can control the inlet and outlet door of all cylinders, save the valve timing gear mechanism, distribution cam axle, tappet etc. with a duplex cam ring.Component such as valve, cylinder head are also along circumferential arrangement, so the volume and weight of machine all reduces greatly.
4. the profilogram of shape groove can be determined on demand on the main cam.Among the present invention, piston institute work passes on the main shaft by push rod and main cam to be exported, and the profilogram of main cam shape groove can be determined to obtain best dynamics by choosing the acceleration movement rule of piston.
5. simple in structure, good manufacturability, low cost of manufacture.Because the present invention has cancelled the crankshaft-and-connecting-rod of complex structure, processing difficulties, has saved component such as valve timing gear mechanism; And the main shaft among the present invention is a d-axis, and main cam is an axially symmetric structure, and guide groove is straight trough radially, and push rod is a straight-bar, and these parts are manufacturing easily all, so Structure of Internal-Combustion Engine of the present invention is simple, and good manufacturability, low cost of manufacture.For the more internal-combustion engine of cylinder number, as six phase cam twelve-cylinder internal-combustion engines, because the cylinder number is many, single cylinder and part stress such as piston and push rod are less, help adopting little cylinder diameter, component such as piston, push rod, cylinder and cylinder head are made easily, heat load is little during work.
6. output power is big.With six phase cam six-cylinder engines is example, 360 ° of main shaft revolutions, and each piston acting three times, and traditional quartastroke engine main shaft turns over 720 ° of pistons and just does work once, output power of the present invention is six times of traditional combustion engine in theory.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation plan view of four phase cam four-cylinder internal combustion engines;
Fig. 2 is that the A-A of Fig. 1 or Fig. 7 is to the sectional structure schematic representation;
Fig. 3 is push rod and main cam connecting structure signal enlarged view;
Fig. 4 is that the B-B of Fig. 3 is to the sectional structure schematic representation;
Fig. 5 is the valve cam structural representation of four phase cam four-cylinder internal combustion engines or four phase cams, eight cylinder IC engines;
Fig. 6 is that the C-C of Fig. 5 is to the sectional structure schematic representation;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation plan view of four phase cams, eight cylinder IC engines;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation plan view of six phase cam six-cylinder engines;
Fig. 9 is that the A-A of Fig. 8 or Figure 12 is to the sectional structure schematic representation;
Figure 10 is the valve cam structural representation of six phase cam six-cylinder engines or six phase cam twelve-cylinder internal-combustion engines;
Figure 11 is that the D-D of Figure 10 is to the sectional structure schematic representation;
Figure 12 is the structural representation plan view of six phase cam twelve-cylinder internal-combustion engines;
Above-mentioned each attached picture in picture is known the sign of label to liking: 1 support; 2 valve cams; 3 cylinder head; 4 cylinders; 5 pistons; 6 wrist pins; 7 push rods; 8 push rod rollers; 9 push rod pins; 10 tappet rollers; 11 guide grooves; 12 main shafts; 13 main cams; 14 intake valves; 15 exhaust valves; 16 intake valve rollers; 17 exhaust valve rollers; 18 frames.
Specific implementation method
Provide embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with description of drawings, and the present invention is further illustrated by embodiment, so that understand the present invention more easily.But it needs to be noted; the specific embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the described form of following embodiment; the those skilled in the art is under the situation of not paying creative work; also can design other embodiment at an easy rate; therefore the embodiment of embodiment given below should be interpreted as protection scope of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is limited in given embodiment.
1: four phase cam of embodiment four-cylinder internal combustion engine
With reference to accompanying drawing 1～Fig. 6: in the four phase cam four-cylinder internal combustion engines of Fig. 1～shown in Figure 4, main shaft (12) by about the supporting of two bearings, four cylinders (4) axle center is distributed on the periphery of main shaft (12) symmetrically, the angle of adjacent two cylinders is 90 °, and each cylinder and frame (18) are integral (cylinder also can be made separately, is fixed on the frame with pin and bolt then).Frame is provided with vent, and frame and support (1) connect firmly together with bolt.One end of push rod (7) and piston (5) are formed hinge-coupled by wrist pin (6), and the other end is fixed with push rod pin (9), and push rod roller (8) and tappet roller (10) are housed on push rod pin (9).4 guide grooves (11) that produce on frame (18) also axle center are distributed on the periphery of main shaft symmetrically, and the symmetrical line of guide groove overlaps with the shaft axis of cylinder (4).Be fixed with a main cam (13) on main shaft (12), main cam has four projections of axle center symmetry, is mutually 90 ° of angles between per two projections; Also has a cam-shaped groove on the main cam.Tappet roller (10) is contained in the shape groove of main cam, and the form that contacts to roll between push rod (7) and the main cam (13) is connected.Push rod roller (8) rolls along guide groove (11), push rod (7) can only be moved along the axial direction of cylinder (4), and main cam (13) is born by guide groove (11) at the component perpendicular to piston (5) axial direction to the active force or the reaction force of push rod (7), and push rod (7) only is subjected to along the power of piston (5) moving direction, thereby the side pressure between piston and cylinder wall is zero.Consider the relative motion relation of each member, and reduce the influence of foozle, push rod (7) and connecting of piston (5) are adopted hinge-coupled, so that push rod is two power bars.The profilogram of main cam epirelief wheel shape groove can be chosen different curves on demand.Present embodiment is made the profilogram that the cosine acceleration motion rule is determined the cam-shaped groove by piston, and promptly when the main shaft uniform rotation, piston does reciprocating linear motion by the cosine acceleration motion rule, and its cycle of motion is 1/4 of the main axis rotation cycle.The working principle of internal-combustion engine of the present invention is: when internal combustion engine, main shaft (12) and main cam (13) rotate, if piston then is air-breathing or work by combustion near the alignment of shafts; If piston away from the alignment of shafts, then is compression or exhaust.When the gaseous combustion in the cylinder was done work, piston (5) promotes main cam (13) by push rod (7) and main shaft (12) rotates counterclockwise and output movement and power.In Fig. 1, the piston in all cylinders promptly all is in top dead center position all from the axle center farthest, when these pistons are in from the axle center proximal most position, is bottom dead center position.Cylinder a and cylinder c are organized as another as one group, cylinder b and cylinder d, and set when cylinder a and cylinder c have just begun suction stroke, cylinder b and the cylinder d expansion stroke that just taken fire, the stroke process of two groups of cylinders is 90 ° corresponding to the phase difference of main cam corner.Owing to two pistons work states of the 180 ° of symmetric arrangement of being separated by in every group of cylinder are identical at any time, so all pistons to the comprehensive function effect of main cam are: main cam only is subjected to the effect of pure couple, and to make a concerted effort be zero, so the machine impact shock is little, it is very steady to turn round.
By Fig. 1 analysis as can be known, the main cam revolution is crossed 180 °, and that each cylinder is all just in time finished is air-breathing, compression, burning and work cycle of exhaust, and two cylinders of symmetric arrangement all carry out same stroke at any time, as simultaneously air-breathing, and exhaust simultaneously; On the other hand, the angle of two groups of cylinders is 90 °, and cylinder combustion begins and air-breathing beginning between the phase difference of corresponding main cam corner also just in time be 90 °, so can have four intake valves that two cams that are mutually the projection of 180 ° of angles are controlled all cylinders with one, have four exhaust valves that two cams that are mutually the projection of 180 ° of angles are controlled all cylinders with one in addition.In order to make the designs simplification of internal-combustion engine, these two cams are made a cylindrical duplex cam ring, be called valve cam (2), its structural representation is as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6.In Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, curve I is used to control the cam ring profilogram that the intake valve of all cylinders opens and closes; Curve II is used to control the cam ring profilogram that all inblock cylinder valves open and close, and the phase difference of the projection of two curves is 45 °.Again because the main cam revolution is crossed 180 °, each cylinder is just in time finished a work cycle, 180 ° of symmetric arrangement and two projections opening intake valve on the valve cam or open exhaust valve also just in time are separated by, so valve cam should have identical rotating speed with main cam, event is fixed on valve cam (2) on the main shaft (12) and main shaft together rotates, thereby can save component such as distribution timing mechanism, tappet and distribution cam axle.In order to reduce the friction between valve cam (2) and intake valve (14), the exhaust valve (15), intake valve roller (16) and exhaust valve roller (17) on the valve operating handle, have been adorned respectively.The internal-combustion engine of present embodiment also is provided with starting system, lubrication system, oil-fired system and cooling system etc.
2: four phase cam eight cylinder IC engines of embodiment
With reference to Fig. 7 and Fig. 2～Fig. 6: at four mutually in cam eight cylinder IC engines of Fig. 7 and Fig. 2～shown in Figure 4, eight cylinders (4) and eight guide grooves (11) axle center are distributed on the periphery of main shaft (12) symmetrically, the angle of adjacent two cylinders is 45 °, the symmetrical line of guide groove (11) overlaps with the shaft axis of cylinder (4), the shape of each component, structure and annexation and working principle all with four cam four-cylinder internal combustion engine similar mutually, so the side pressure between piston and the cylinder wall is zero.In Fig. 7, the piston among cylinder a, c, e, the g is in from the axle center position farthest, i.e. top dead center position, and the piston among cylinder b, d, f, the h is in the position nearest from the axle center, i.e. bottom dead center position.If with cylinder a and e, b and f, c and g, d and h each as one group, then have four groups of cylinders.When the piston among setting cylinder a and the e is in the initial position of suction stroke, piston among cylinder b and the f is in the initial position of compression stroke, piston among cylinder c and the g is in the initial position of gaseous combustion expansion stroke, piston among cylinder d and the h is in the initial position of exhaust stroke, the stroke process of two adjacent groups cylinder differs a stroke, is 45 ° corresponding to the phase difference of main cam corner.Then working as main cam turns over after 45 °, cylinder b and the f acting that takes fire again, main cam turns over after 45 ° again, cylinder a and the e acting that takes fire again, then cylinder d and the h acting that takes fire after cylinder a and e work by combustion are finished, take turns to cylinder c and g work by combustion afterwards again, so constantly circulation makes main shaft outputting power reposefully continuously.180 ° of symmetric arrangement because two cylinders in every group are separated by, and working state is identical at any time, so all pistons to the comprehensive function effect of main cam are: main cam only is subjected to the effect of pure couple, and to make a concerted effort be zero.So the internal-combustion engine impact shock is little, it is very steady to turn round.
By Fig. 7 analysis as can be known, the main cam revolution is crossed 180 °, and that each cylinder is all just in time finished is air-breathing, compression, burning and work cycle of exhaust, and two cylinders of symmetric arrangement all carry out same stroke at any time, as simultaneously air-breathing, and exhaust simultaneously; On the other hand, the angle of adjacent two cylinders is 45 °, and the main cam revolution is crossed 45 ° and is just in time made piston finish a stroke, therefore available one with embodiment 1 in the on all four cam of valve cam as four valve cams (2) of cam eight cylinder IC engines mutually, in order to intake valve and the exhaust valve of controlling all cylinders, the structural representation of this valve cam also as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6.In Fig. 5,6, the implication of curve I, II is constant, and the phase difference of the projection of two curves also is 45 °.Because the main cam revolution is crossed 180 °, each cylinder is just in time finished a work cycle, 180 ° of symmetric arrangement and two projections opening intake valve on the valve cam or open exhaust valve also just in time are separated by, so valve cam should have identical rotating speed with main cam, so valve cam (2) is fixed on the main shaft (12), so can save component such as distribution timing mechanism, distribution cam axle, tappet, handle on the actuating rod at valve equally roller (16), (17) are housed.The internal-combustion engine of present embodiment also is provided with starting system, lubrication system, oil-fired system and cooling system etc.
3: six phase cams of embodiment six-cylinder engine
With reference to Fig. 8～Figure 11 and Fig. 3～Fig. 4: at six mutually in the cam six-cylinder engine of Fig. 8～Figure 11 and Fig. 3～shown in Figure 4, six cylinders (4) and six guide grooves (11) axle center are distributed on the periphery of main shaft (12) symmetrically, the angle of adjacent two cylinders is 60 °, the symmetrical line of guide groove (11) overlaps with the shaft axis of cylinder (4), cylinder (5) and guide groove (11) are made of one with frame (18), are affixed on the frame after also can making separately.Main cam (13) has six projections of axle center symmetry, is mutually 60 ° of angles between per two projections; Also has a cam-shaped groove on the main cam.The profilogram of main cam epirelief wheel shape groove can be chosen different curves on demand.Present embodiment is made the profilogram that the cosine acceleration motion rule is determined the cam-shaped groove by piston, and the cycle that piston does reciprocating linear motion by the cosine acceleration motion rule is 1/6 of the main axis rotation cycle.Compare with embodiment 1, in the present embodiment, on the frame (18) how two cylinders (4) and two guide grooves (11), some variation of shape of main cam (13) and valve cam (2), in addition, the annexation of the shape of all the other each component, structure and all component does not all have to change, so the side pressure between piston and cylinder wall is zero.In Fig. 8, the piston in all cylinders all is in from the axle center position farthest, promptly all is in top dead center position, when piston is in from the axle center proximal most position, is bottom dead center position.With cylinder a, c, e as one group, its excess-three cylinder is another group, and set when cylinder a, c, e have just begun suction stroke, cylinder b, d, the f expansion stroke that just taken fire, the stroke process that just makes two groups of cylinders is 60 ° corresponding to the phase difference of cam angle.In Fig. 8, when cylinder b, d, f work by combustion, piston (5) promotes main cam (13) by push rod (7) and rotates counterclockwise.Owing to three pistons in every group of cylinder are mutually 120 ° of angle axle center symmetric arrangement, and working state is identical at any time, so all pistons to the comprehensive function effect of main cam are: main cam only is subjected to the effect of pure couple, and to make a concerted effort be zero, so the internal-combustion engine impact shock is little, running steadily.
By Fig. 8 analysis as can be known, available one has six intake valves that three cams that are mutually the projection of 120 ° of angles are controlled all cylinders, has six exhaust valves that three cams that are mutually the projection of 120 ° of angles are controlled all cylinders with one in addition.In order to make the designs simplification of internal-combustion engine, these two cams are made a cylindrical duplex cam ring, be called valve cam (2), its structural representation is as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11.In Figure 10 and Figure 11, curve I is used to control the cam ring profilogram that all cylinder intake valves open and close, and curve II is used to control the cam ring profilogram that all inblock cylinder valves open and close, and the phase difference of adjacent two projections of two curves is 30 °.Because the main cam revolution is crossed 120 °, that each cylinder is just in time finished is air-breathing, compression, work by combustion, work cycle of exhaust, and the phase difference of opening adjacent two projections of intake valve (or exhaust valve) on the valve cam also is 120 °, so valve cam and main cam should have same rotational speed, so valve cam (2) is fixed on the main shaft (12), thereby can save component such as distribution timing mechanism, tappet and distribution cam axle.In order to reduce the friction between valve cam (2) and intake valve (14), the exhaust valve (15), on valve manipulation actuating rod, intake valve roller (16) and exhaust valve roller (17) have been adorned.The internal-combustion engine of present embodiment also is provided with starting system, lubrication system, oil-fired system and cooling system etc.
4: six phase cams of embodiment twelve-cylinder internal-combustion engine
With reference to Figure 12, Fig. 9～Figure 11 and Fig. 3～Fig. 4: in the six phase cam twelve-cylinder internal-combustion engines of Figure 12, Fig. 9, and Fig. 3～shown in Figure 4,12 cylinders (4) and 12 guide grooves (11) axle center are distributed on the periphery of main shaft (12) symmetrically, the angle of adjacent two cylinders is 30 °, the symmetrical line of guide groove (11) overlaps with the shaft axis of cylinder (4), the shape of each part, structure and annexation all with six cam six-cylinder engine similar mutually, so the side pressure between piston and the cylinder wall is zero.In Figure 12, the piston among cylinder a, c, e, g, i, the k is in from the axle center highest distance position, i.e. top dead center position, and the piston among cylinder b, d, f, h, the j, 1 is in from axle center proximal most position, i.e. bottom dead center position.If cylinder a, e, i are first group, just begun suction stroke; Cylinder b, f, j are second group, have just begun compression stroke; Cylinder c, g, k are the 3rd group, and expansion stroke has just taken fire; Cylinder d, h, 1 are the 4th group, have just begun exhaust stroke, and the stroke process of two adjacent groups cylinder is 30 ° corresponding to the phase difference of main cam corner.Then work as main cam and turn over after 30 °, second group begins acting again, is again first group, the 4th group, the 3rd group then ... circulating combustion acting successively, thus make main shaft rotate outputting power and motion continuously.Owing to being mutually 120 ° of angle axle center, arrange symmetrically in three pistons in every group of cylinder, and working state is identical at any time, so all pistons to the comprehensive function effect of main cam are: main cam only is subjected to force couple role, and making a concerted effort is zero, so the impact shock of internal-combustion engine is little, it is very steady to turn round.
According to the layout of each cylinder, the structure of main cam and the arrangement of respectively organizing cylinder working order, analyze as can be known, can control the keying of all intake valves of present embodiment internal-combustion engine and the keying of all exhaust valves with Figure 10～valve cam (2) shown in Figure 11.At this moment, the curve I among Figure 10～Figure 11 is used to control the cam ring profilogram that 12 intake valves of all cylinders open and close, and curve II is used to control the cam ring profilogram that 12 exhaust valves of all cylinders open and close.And this valve cam (2) also has identical rotating speed with main shaft (12), so valve cam (2) is fixed on the main shaft (12).Thereby can save component such as distribution timing mechanism, distribution cam axle and tappet, the structure of internal-combustion engine is simplified greatly.Equally, on valve manipulation actuating rod, intake valve roller (16) and exhaust valve roller have been adorned
(17)。
The internal-combustion engine of present embodiment, because number of cylinders is many, single cylinder and part stress such as piston and push rod are little, so can adopt miniature bore cylinder.
The internal-combustion engine of present embodiment also is provided with starting system, lubrication system, oil-fired system and cooling system etc.
Claims (10)
1, push cam type internal combustion engine without side pressure, comprise frame (18), rack-mounted cylinder system, oil supply system, gas distribution system and the reciprocating motion of the pistons of cylinder system is converted into the motion mode converting system of power output main shaft gyration motion, it is characterized in that said converting system is the cam converting system, mainly by going up the cam-shaped groove that Design and Machining goes out at main cam (13), the guide groove (11) and the push rod (7) that are fixedly installed on the frame constitute, one end of push rod is by wrist pin (6) and piston (5) hinge-coupled, the other end is equipped with push rod roller (8) and tappet roller (10) by push rod pin (9), push rod roller (8) is positioned at guide groove, the symmetrical line of guide groove overlaps with the piston motion shaft axis of cylinder system, tappet roller is positioned at the cam-shaped groove, main cam (13) is fixedly mounted on the power output main shaft, a guide groove and push rod that push rod roller and tappet roller are installed that is fixedly installed on the frame of the corresponding configuration of each cylinder system.
2, push cam type internal combustion engine without side pressure according to claim 1 is characterized in that the cam-shaped groove that matches with tappet roller, and its theoretical contour designs according to piston (5) the acceleration movement rule of determining.
3, push cam type internal combustion engine without side pressure according to claim 1, the gas distribution system that it is characterized in that said control cylinder intake and exhaust is the cam gas distribution system, mainly constitute the keying of control cylinder intake valve and exhaust valve respectively by being fixed on two cam rings that vary in size on the power output main shaft.
4, push cam type internal combustion engine without side pressure according to claim 3 is characterized in that two cam rings that control cylinder intake valve and exhaust valve respectively open and close are the duplex cam ring.
5, push cam type internal combustion engine without side pressure according to claim 4, the keying that it is characterized in that cylinder intake valve is by cam ring control less in the duplex cam ring, and the keying of inblock cylinder valve is by cam ring control bigger in the duplex cam ring.
6, push cam type internal combustion engine without side pressure according to claim 5 is characterized in that the actuating rod that the manipulating cylinder inlet and exhaust valve opens and closes, and it contacts an end that connects roller is installed with the distribution cam ring.
7, according to the described push cam type internal combustion engine without side pressure of each claim in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that said internal-combustion engine is four phase cam four-cylinder internal combustion engines, the main cam (13) that is fixed on the main shaft (12) is four phase cams, have four projections that are mutually 90 ° of angles, four cylinders (4) are evenly arranged in peripheral axle center at four phase cams (13) symmetrically, two cylinders of the 180 ° of symmetric arrangement of being separated by are as one group, the working state of two cylinders on the same group is synchronous, and the stroke process of two groups of cylinders is 90 ° corresponding to the phase difference of main cam corner.
8, according to the described push cam type internal combustion engine without side pressure of each claim in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that said internal-combustion engine is four phase cams, eight cylinder IC engines, the main cam (13) that is fixed on the main shaft (12) is four phase cams, have four projections that are mutually 90 ° of angles, at uniform symmetrically eight cylinders in the peripheral axle center of four phase cams (13) (4), two cylinders of the 180 ° of symmetric arrangement of will being separated by are as one group, the working state of two cylinders on the same group is synchronous, four groups of piston cylinders carry out suction stroke successively, compression stroke, gaseous combustion expansion stroke and exhaust stroke, the stroke process of two adjacent groups piston cylinder is 45 ° corresponding to the phase difference of main cam corner.
9, according to the described push cam type internal combustion engine without side pressure of each claim in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that said internal-combustion engine is six phase cam six-cylinder engines, the main cam (13) that is fixed on the main shaft (12) is six phase cams, have six projections that are mutually 60 ° of angles, at uniform symmetrically six cylinders in the peripheral axle center of six phase cams (13) (4), three cylinders of the 120 ° of symmetric arrangement of will being separated by are as one group, the working state of three cylinders on the same group is synchronous, and the stroke process of two groups of cylinders is 60 ° corresponding to the phase difference of main cam corner.
10, according to the described push cam type internal combustion engine without side pressure of each claim in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that said internal-combustion engine is six phase cam twelve-cylinder internal-combustion engines, the main cam (13) that is fixed on the main shaft (12) is six phase cams, have six projections that are mutually 60 ° of angles, at uniform symmetrically 12 cylinders in the peripheral axle center of six phase cams (13) (4), three cylinders of the 120 ° of symmetric arrangement of will being separated by are as one group, the working state of three cylinders on the same group is synchronous, four groups of cylinders carry out suction stroke successively, compression stroke, gaseous combustion expansion stroke and exhaust stroke, the stroke process of two adjacent groups cylinder is 30 ° corresponding to the phase difference of main cam corner.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100461500A CN101387208A (en) | 2008-11-21 | 2008-11-21 | Push cam type internal combustion engine without side pressure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100461500A CN101387208A (en) | 2008-11-21 | 2008-11-21 | Push cam type internal combustion engine without side pressure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101387208A true CN101387208A (en) | 2009-03-18 |
Family
ID=40476824
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100461500A Pending CN101387208A (en) | 2008-11-21 | 2008-11-21 | Push cam type internal combustion engine without side pressure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101387208A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101979853A (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2011-02-23 | 四川大学 | Internal dual-phase shockwave swing link transmission type internal combustion engine |
| CN102094710A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2011-06-15 | 四川大学 | Double-phase shock wave swing rod type high-speed internal combustion engine |
| CN103291396A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-09-11 | 祥天控股（集团）有限公司 | Air intake and exhaust system for rotary engine |
| CN101846047B (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2015-05-27 | 文金龙 | Horizontal multi-cylinder single-action reciprocating type piston mud pump |
| CN109707509A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-05-03 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of reciprocating piston internal combustion engine of non-crank connecting rod mechanism |
-
2008
- 2008-11-21 CN CNA2008100461500A patent/CN101387208A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101846047B (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2015-05-27 | 文金龙 | Horizontal multi-cylinder single-action reciprocating type piston mud pump |
| CN101979853A (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2011-02-23 | 四川大学 | Internal dual-phase shockwave swing link transmission type internal combustion engine |
| CN102094710A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2011-06-15 | 四川大学 | Double-phase shock wave swing rod type high-speed internal combustion engine |
| CN102094710B (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-10-31 | 四川大学 | Double-phase shock wave swing rod type high-speed internal combustion engine |
| CN103291396A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-09-11 | 祥天控股（集团）有限公司 | Air intake and exhaust system for rotary engine |
| CN103291396B (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2015-07-08 | 祥天控股（集团）有限公司 | Air intake and exhaust system for rotary engine |
| CN109707509A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-05-03 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of reciprocating piston internal combustion engine of non-crank connecting rod mechanism |
| CN109707509B (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2024-03-01 | 西北农林科技大学 | Reciprocating piston type internal combustion engine without crank-link mechanism |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102094710B (en) | Double-phase shock wave swing rod type high-speed internal combustion engine | |
| CN101979853B (en) | Internal dual-phase shockwave swing link transmission type internal combustion engine | |
| CN101392684B (en) | Cylinder double-face cam axial piston type crankless internal combustion engine | |
| CN101435363A (en) | Internal wave type non-crankshaft internal combustion engine | |
| CN102979619B (en) | Arbitrary-tooth difference rolling transmission internal combustion engine | |
| CN101387208A (en) | Push cam type internal combustion engine without side pressure | |
| CN101705867A (en) | Crankshaft-free cam planetary transmission combustion engine | |
| CN102926862B (en) | Convex inner two-phase cam rolling shifting transmission internal-combustion engine | |
| US8281763B2 (en) | Internal combustion engine | |
| CN102877942A (en) | Two-phase outer cam sleeve type high-rotational-speed internal-combustion engine | |
| CN103032164B (en) | Outer convex inner arbitrary gear difference cam is rolled and is moved transmission internal combustion engine | |
| CN102828821A (en) | Two-phase shock wave rolling type high-speed internal combustion engine | |
| CN102937048B (en) | Two-phase outer cam shock wave rolling transmission internal combustion engine | |
| CN102828824A (en) | Two-phase inner cam type swinging transmission internal combustion engine | |
| CN102926863A (en) | Internal-combustion engine with two-phase inner cam shock wave shifting for transmission | |
| CN102828825A (en) | Symmetrical biphase cam swing type internal combustion engine with high rotating speed | |
| CN100504052C (en) | Rotating straight axle four-stroke piston engine device | |
| CN103061881A (en) | Oscillating transmission internal combustion engine comprising convex inner cam with optional inner tooth differences | |
| CN103047003A (en) | Outside-protruding-inside random tooth difference cam moving type transmission combustion engine | |
| CN103061877A (en) | Rolling type high-rotation-speed internal combustion engine with arbitrary tooth difference numbers | |
| RU2298107C1 (en) | Internls combustion radial piston engine | |
| CN103047008A (en) | Any-tooth-difference movable type high rotation speed internal combustion engine | |
| CN103089426A (en) | Convex inner arbitrary tooth difference cam sleeve transmission internal combustion engine | |
| CN102900524A (en) | Two-phase shock wave movable type high-rotation speed internal combustion engine | |
| RU2690310C1 (en) | Multi-cylinder axial crank-less piston thermal engine |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Open date: 20090318 |