CN101381703A

CN101381703A - Method and equipment for improving dissolution of cellular content

Info

Publication number: CN101381703A
Application number: CNA2008101371658A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 初景涛
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-09-23
Filing date: 2008-09-23
Publication date: 2009-03-11

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for substantially increasing the dissolution of cell contents in animals, plants, and microbes. The method comprises the following steps: pre-grinding, soaking mixing, cavitation breaking, and backflow circulation, wherein the step of cavitation braking is to use a specially-designed machine to perform cavitation treatment to suspension liquid; and the machine, through a mechanical rotation mode, produces a great number of bubble clusters in the suspension liquid passing through the machine to generate strong cavitation impact force which can smash particles in the suspension liquid, accelerate the dissolution, homogenize further, and lower the system viscosity, so that cell walls or cell membranes are ruptured in order to promote the cell contents to flow out more easily, thereby substantially improving the quantity of the dissolution and the dissolution efficiency. At the same time, the invention discloses a device for initiating the cavitation phenomenon.

Description

A kind of method and apparatus that improves the entocyte stripping

Technical field

The present invention relates to biological substance and extract the field, is to produce cavitation with mechanical means, thereby and with this impel cell wall breaking, breaking makes effusive method of content and technology in the cell.

Background technology

Biological cell is made up of cytolemma, tenuigenin, nucleus by cellularity, and vegetable cell also has hard cell walls.At present, the mankind mainly are that material is applied in the cell membrane, and sending out alcohol etc. as the extract in Chinese medicinal materials effective ingredient, the natural goods, microorganism all is to utilize entocyte, but the complete structure of cell but produces greatly this and hinders.Often use the method for extracting entocyte that decocting method, heat reflow method, ultrasonic extraction, supercritical CO are arranged now ₂, method such as Mierocrystalline cellulose enzyme process, mechanical crushing method, solvent stripping, these all are based on the destruction cell walls, make the effusive mode of entocyte, have all that extraction yield is low, extraction time is long, energy consumption is serious, environmental pollution is big, extraction efficiency is low, can't realize the shortcoming extracted continuously.For raw material, pulverize tinyly more, more homogeneous then contacts more abundant with solvent in solvent; The raw cell cell walls destroys the just many more of big more then entocyte stripping, and extraction yield and extraction efficiency are just high more.

When blade rotates in water, can produce cavitation phenomenons, this is because pressure change causes producing bubble and instant failure closure in the water, produces surging force thus blade is damaged, and this phenomenon is called " cavitation effect ".A series of dynamic processes such as micro-bubble when cavitation takes place in liquid nuclear vibrates under pressure, growth, contraction and collapse, in short period of time, around cavitation bubble, produce high temperature, high pressure, intense impact ripple and the microjet more than the speed per hour 400km/h at the utmost point that collapses simultaneously.The peeling off of solid surface, etchback and porphyrization have been created new active surface, and this interfacial effect makes that mass transfer surfaces is long-pending to be increased.The turbulence effect that produces during cavitation makes mass transfer frictional belt attenuation in the solid-liquid interface, causes the concentration gradient minimizing speed of solute in the interfacial layer to be much higher than additive method.The perturbation effect that cavitation produces is strengthened the micropore diffusion of solid-liquid mass transfer process, makes the eddy current diffusion strengthen, and accelerates sepn process.Produce cavitation effect in being mixed with the liquid of raw material, the moment of breaking of the feasible thing cell that is broken finishes, and this has greatly shortened the broken time, and produced simultaneously oscillating action has been strengthened release, diffusion and the dissolving of intracellular matter, can significantly improve extraction efficiency.The clarifixator that often uses in the production also can produce cavitation phenomenon when working, but quantity and intensity that its produces are all very little, and clarifixator mainly still utilizes the principle of mechanical shear stress to carry out work.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and apparatus that improves entocyte stripping in animal, plant, the microorganism,

Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention realizes by following technical solution, comprises the steps:

1, will be carried thing earlier such as animal and plant tentatively is crushed to 0.1mm～5mm,, directly be entered for second step if microorganism then needn't this step.

2, the material after will pulverizing enters in the blend tank, adds solvent in simultaneously jar, and solvent is water or organic solvent or its mixture.Material and solvent ratio are 1:0.5～1:10000.

3, the mixture of material and solvent is delivered in the cavitation producer, material is pulverized by the surging force of " cavitation effect " in the cavitation producer, make it particle thinner, more even, reduce system viscosity, smash cell walls simultaneously and impel the easier stripping of entocyte simultaneously, thereby increase substantially the discharge of entocyte and flow out efficient and improve the dissolving of entocyte in solvent.

4, the mixture that comes out from the cavitation producer has two whereabouts, one is back in the mixing tank again as circulation, the backflow ratio can be 0～100 adjusting, even all reflux, carry out periodical operation, so promptly guarantee the even discharging of leachable, realized switching between different varieties the handiness of producing again; Another whereabouts of mixture is to enter next step abstraction process.

The service temperature that the above-mentioned step gathers for organic solvent, in order to prevent some entocyte oxidation, can operated below 0 ℃ between-30 ℃～100 ℃.The general operation temperature is 15 ℃～33 ℃.

Another object of the present invention provides the equipment of realizing above-mentioned steps 3

This purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution:

The cavitation producer utilizes custom-designed machine to produce the cavitation bubble cluster and realizes.It is formed by having specially designed stator and rotor and cavity, and rotor is by power wheel drive, rotor have toothed structure and and stator between the space very little.The suspension that contains material axially enters machine and flows through and radially flow out machine behind the space between rotor and stator.That part of fluid internal pressure in this process during the rotor of suspension contact high speed rotating can rapid drawdown, the gas that causes liquid to reach boiling point and dissolve wherein can produce a large amount of micro-bubble clusters because of pressure reduces, when liquid flow was crossed rotor, pressure recovery was normal, and bubble can collapse closure.The cavity quantity that produces in the liquid is many, having millions of cavity in the cavity group in p.s. produces and caves in, so the surging force that the cavity group is caused is huge, in the solid particulate boundary collapse of bubbles near bubble is heterogeneous, this causes producing the jet that penetrates bubble, it is converted into bubble potential energy the kinetic energy of spouting of liquid, firing rate reaches 400km/h, it is very big to the destruction on material particles surface that this has very high-octane surging force, it can will be crushed to below 5 microns, and be evenly distributed in very much in the liquid, the viscosity of mixture system declines to a great extent and makes cell walls in the raw material simultaneously, cytolemma, nuclear membrane breaks in a large number, and makes entocyte matter be easier to stripping.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is cavitation generator architecture figure

Fig. 2 is entocyte dissolving-out process figure

Embodiment

Example 1: earlier ginkgo leaf powder is broken to the particle below 5 millimeters, mixing its part by weight with 50% ethanol is 1:20, get 500 kilograms of this mixtures, put into mixing tank, service temperature is 26 ℃, per hour delivers to the treatment solution scale of construction and is in 10 cubic metres the cavitation producer, and the backflow ratio is 50%, from the effluent sampling analysis, its total flavones yield is 10.39%.Similarity condition common process reflux extraction secondary, each 3 hours, its total flavones yield only was 5.8%, the viscosity ratio common process of mixture system descends 16% simultaneously, is 3～5 microns with microscopic examination particle median size, and is evenly distributed.

Example 2: earlier fresh tea leaf in its is crushed to the particle below 5 millimeters, mixing its part by weight with water is 1:10, get 500 kilograms of this mixtures, put into mixing tank, service temperature is 25 ℃, per hour delivers to the treatment solution scale of construction and is in 10 cubic metres the cavitation producer, and the backflow ratio is 10%, from the effluent sampling analysis, its bitter edible plant polyphenol extraction yield is 28.5%.Similarity condition common process poach 30 minutes, its bitter edible plant polyphenol extraction yield is 15.8%, is 3～5 microns with microscopic examination particle median size, and is evenly distributed.

Claims

1, a kind of method that improves the entocyte stripping comprises the steps:

(1) will be carried thing earlier such as animal and plant tentatively is crushed to 0.1mm～5mm,, directly be entered for second step if microorganism then can this step.

(2) material after will pulverizing enters in the blend tank, adds solvent in simultaneously jar, and material and solvent ratio are 1:0.5～1:10000.

(3) mixture of material and solvent is delivered in the cavitation producer, material is pulverized by the surging force of " cavitation effect " in the cavitation producer.

(4) mixture that comes out from the cavitation producer has two whereabouts, gets back to again in the mixing tank as refluxing for one, and the backflow ratio is 0～100 adjusting; Another whereabouts of mixture is to enter next step separation and Extraction operation.

2, a kind of method that improves the entocyte stripping according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described cavitation producer of step (3) can be a large amount of micro-bubble and the hole groups of flowing through wherein of the inner initiation of fluid.

3, cell according to claim 1 is for constituting animal, plant, microbial cell.

4, solvent according to claim 1 is the mixture of water, organic solvent, water and organic solvent or the mixture of different organic solvents.

5, equipment according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the cavitation producer is formed by having specially designed stator and rotor and cavity, rotor have toothed structure and and stator between the space very little, rotor is by power wheel drive, and the suspension that contains material axially enters machine and flows through and radially flow out machine behind the space between rotor and stator.