CN101380639A - Method for trapping and fixing soil persistent organic pollutant using biological carbon - Google Patents
Method for trapping and fixing soil persistent organic pollutant using biological carbon Download PDFInfo
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- CN101380639A CN101380639A CNA200810121195XA CN200810121195A CN101380639A CN 101380639 A CN101380639 A CN 101380639A CN A200810121195X A CNA200810121195X A CN A200810121195XA CN 200810121195 A CN200810121195 A CN 200810121195A CN 101380639 A CN101380639 A CN 101380639A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003993 organochlorine pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003071 polychlorinated biphenyls Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 7
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 208000035619 Back crushing Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003738 black carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000902900 cellular organisms Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000021267 infertility disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention disclose a method for intercepting and fixing the persistent organic contaminants of soil through bio-carbon which includes the following steps: 1) a biomass material is carbonized for 0.5 to 6 hours under the temperature of 250 to 550 DEG C and the condition of oxygen limitation and passes through the screen of 10 to 200 meshes, thus preparing the bio-carbon; 2) the prepared bio-carbon is added into the soil polluted by the persistent organic matters according to the ratio of 1 to 200tons/hektare and the soil within 0 to 30cm of a surface layer is ploughed for leading the soil to be fully mixed with the bio-carbon; 3) after being aged, the bio-carbon fiercely absorbs the persistent organic matters, thereby greatly reducing the biological effectiveness thereof and being capable of producing safe farm products in the oil polluted by the organic mattes. The bio-carbon adopted by the treatment method has the advantages of easy obtaining, low cost, environmental friendlessness, non-secondary pollution, simple preparation technique, good treatment effect and long time effectiveness; simultaneously the bio-carbon contains a plurality of carbon and other nutrition elements, thus being capable of providing abundant carbon sources and nutrition for the growing of soil crops and having the effect for enriching the soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic material contaminated soil reparation and control, relate in particular to a kind of method of trapping and fixing soil persistent organic pollutant using biological carbon.
Background technology
Soil is the important component part of human environment, is indispensable, non-renewable natural resources, is that all biologies are depended on for existence, the important foundation of crop growth.Soil is the Yuan Hehui of all contaminations simultaneously.Along with the development of modern industrial and agricultural production, chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals are used in a large number, and industrial wastewater is constantly attacked the farmland, urban industry refuse and other artificial synthetics constantly enter soil, the garbage loading embeading seepage, oil mining and atmospheric sedimentation cause the soil environment contamination accident constantly to take place.After pollutant enters soil, not only influence the variation of the inner biota of growth and development of plants and soil and the conversion of material, cause grain yield and quality to descend; Also can cause secondary pollution to surface water, underground water etc.Pollutant can pass through soil-plant system, and agricultural product security is constituted a serious threat; Enter human body through food chain, the harm population health.In Beijing, many areas such as Shenyang, Guangzhou, Tianjin, Nanjing, Lanzhou and Shanghai, soil and underground water pollution have caused the M ﹠ M of diseases such as cancer apparently higher than many times of the check plot several times to 10 that do not have to pollute.Compare with heavy metal pollution of soil, the soil persistent organism pollutes and becomes increasingly conspicuous, become the important organic pollution of a class comparatively common in China's soil environment as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs), pollution concentration rises to the mg/kg magnitude from μ g/kg magnitude, its recall rate causes the exceeding standard rate of PAHs in China's main farm produce to reach about 20% from rising to more than 80% less than 20% thus.These pollutants not only make soil degradation, and influence the safety of agricultural product, therefore, keep soil environment safety significant.Alleviate and rehabilitating soil to pollute be urgency major issue to be solved in environmental science and the engineering, become one of the hot research problem of home and abroad environment science and even soil science and field, forward position.
Particularly China's land resource is limited in the whole world, and food shortage even still need produce agricultural product in soil organic contamination area, often causes pollution of agricultural products.So can be with the organic pollution in the superpower strong trapping and fixing soil of environmental friendliness sorbing material, stop organic matter on plant, to move accumulation, prevent underground water pollution, simultaneously to guarantee the production safety agricultural product? obviously, no matter be the control of contaminated soil, still production safety agricultural product trapping and fixing soil persistent organic pollutant using to greatest extent all reduces the biological effectiveness of organic pollution.
The biological effectiveness of persistence organic pollutant in the soil (POPs) is meant the efficient that it can draw be utilized by environmental organism (animal, plant, microorganism), or degree and the ratio utilized by environmental organism.The height of biological effectiveness has directly determined the size and the plant accumulation of POPs toxicity.Biological carbon (as black carbon) has superpower adsorption capacity to the POPs in the soil, and the analytic function after its absorption has strong irreversibility (being hesitation); Black simultaneously carbon itself is distributed in the natural environment widely, environmental friendliness, do not have secondary pollution, the term of validity long, can in the farmland, use; Therefore, the biological carbon of artificial preparation is expected to be used for the trapping and fixing soil persistence organic pollutant, effectively reduce its biological effectiveness, extenuate toxic action to crops, significantly reduce the residual quantity of POPs in the agricultural product, to having great importance at POPs contaminated soil production safety agricultural product.Yet not relevant so far patent report.
Summary of the invention
The method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of trapping and fixing soil persistent organic pollutant using biological carbon.Comprise the steps:
1) biomass material was carried out charing 0.5-6 hour with limitting under the oxygen condition at 250-550 ℃, cross the 10-200 mesh sieve and then make biological carbon;
2) biological carbon that makes is added in the persistent organism contaminated soil by 1-200 ton/hectare soil, and top layer 0-30cm soil is turned over, make itself and the abundant mixing of biological carbon;
3) after aging, biological carbon strong adsorption persistence organic pollutant, thereby reduce its biological effectiveness greatly, can be in organic material contaminated soil the production safety agricultural product.
Described biological carbon raw material is for discarded pericarp, stalk, rice husk, peanut shell, pine needle, wood chip, bark, trees deadwood, corncob, discarded tealeaves or hold poultry manure.The carbonization temperature of biomass material is preferably 300-450 ℃.The granularity of 4 biological carbons is the 20-150 order.The dosage of biological carbon is preferably 1-100 ton/hectare soil.The thickness of plowed soils is preferably 0-20cm.Contaminated soil is meant rice soil, moisture soil, red soil or sandy soil, and the organic carbon content in the soil is less than 5.0%.Persistence organic pollutant is PAHs, PCBs, PCDD, organo-chlorine pesticide and degraded intermediate product thereof.
The biological carbon that processing method of the present invention adopted prepares that raw material is easy to get that raw material is easy to get, with low cost, environmental friendliness, do not have secondary pollution, and preparation technology is simple, treatment effect good and permanently effective; Biological carbon contains a large amount of carbon elements and some other nutrients simultaneously, can be the soil plant growth abundant carbon source and nutrition is provided, and has the infertile field effect.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Utilize discarded paddy stalk, air-dry back crushing screening 10 orders.The paddy stalk living beings of powder are added in reactor, and charing 0.5 hour under 250 ℃ and limit oxygen condition makes biological carbonaceous adsorption agent BC-1, and productive rate is 60%.
Embodiment 2
Utilize discarded paddy stalk, air-dry back crushing screening 100 orders.The paddy stalk living beings of powder are added in reactor, and charing 3 hours under 350 ℃ and limit oxygen condition makes biological carbonaceous adsorption agent BC-2, and productive rate is 45%.
Embodiment 3
Utilize discarded paddy stalk, air-dry back crushing screening 200 orders.The paddy stalk living beings of powder are added in reactor, and charing 6 hours under 550 ℃ and limit oxygen condition makes biological carbonaceous adsorption agent BC-3, and productive rate is 22%.
Embodiment 4
Utilize discarded rape straw, air-dry back crushing screening 100 orders.The rape straw living beings of powder are added in reactor, and charing 3 hours under 300 ℃ and limit oxygen condition makes biological carbonaceous adsorption agent BC-4, and productive rate is 50%.
Embodiment 5
Utilize discarded withered leaf or pericarp, air-dry back crushing screening 200 orders.The leaf or the pericarp living beings of powder are added in reactor, and charing 3 hours under 400 ℃ and limit oxygen condition makes biological carbonaceous adsorption agent BC-5, and productive rate is 30%.
Embodiment 6
Get 1 ton of biological carbon material and (, and, after aging, hold back fixedly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutant, plantation crops production safety agricultural product the mixing of turning over of top layer 0-15cm soil as BC-1～BC-5) be spread in 1 hectare of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollution.
Embodiment 7
Get 200 tons of biological carbon materials and (, and, after aging, hold back fixedly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutant, plantation crops production safety agricultural product the mixing of turning over of top layer 0-30cm soil as BC-1～BC-5) be spread in 1 hectare of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollution.
Embodiment 8
Getting 10 tons of biological carbon materials (as BC-1～BC-5) be spread in 1 hectare of organochlorine pesticide pollution soil, and to the mixing of turning over of top layer 0-20cm soil, after aging, holds back fixedly organo-chlorine pesticide pollutant, plants crops production safety agricultural product.
Embodiment 9
Getting 100 tons of biological carbon materials (as BC-1～BC-5) be spread in 1 hectare of organochlorine pesticide pollution soil, and to the mixing of turning over of top layer 0-30cm soil, after aging, holds back fixedly organo-chlorine pesticide pollutant, plants crops production safety agricultural product.
Embodiment 10
Getting 50 tons of biological carbon materials (as BC-1～BC-5) be spread in 1 hectare of pollution by polychlorinated biphenyles, and to the mixing of turning over of top layer 0-20cm soil, after aging, holds back fixedly pollution by polychlorinated biphenyles thing, plants crops production safety agricultural product.
Embodiment 11
Getting 200 tons of biological carbon materials (as BC-1～BC-5) be spread in 1 hectare of pollution by polychlorinated biphenyles, and to the mixing of turning over of top layer 0-30cm soil, after aging, holds back fixedly pollution by polychlorinated biphenyles thing, plants crops production safety agricultural product.
Claims (8)
1. the method for a trapping and fixing soil persistent organic pollutant using biological carbon.Comprise the steps:
1) biomass material was carried out charing 0.5-6 hour with limitting under the oxygen condition at 250-550 ℃, cross the 10-200 mesh sieve and then make biological carbon;
2) biological carbon that makes is added in the persistent organism contaminated soil by 1-200 ton/hectare soil, and top layer 0-30cm soil is turned over, make itself and the abundant mixing of biological carbon;
3) after aging after a while, biological carbon strong adsorption persistence organic pollutant, thereby reduce its biological effectiveness greatly, can be in organic material contaminated soil the production safety agricultural product.
2. the method for a kind of trapping and fixing soil persistent organic pollutant using biological carbon according to claim 1 is characterized in that described biological carbon raw material is for discarding pericarp, stalk, rice husk, peanut shell, pine needle, wood chip, bark, trees deadwood, corncob, discarded tealeaves or holding poultry manure.
3. the method for a kind of trapping and fixing soil persistent organic pollutant using biological carbon according to claim 1, the carbonization temperature that it is characterized in that described biomass material is 300-450 ℃.
4. the method for a kind of trapping and fixing soil persistent organic pollutant using biological carbon according to claim 1, the granularity that it is characterized in that described biological carbon is the 20-150 order.
5. the method for a kind of trapping and fixing soil persistent organic pollutant using biological carbon according to claim 1, the dosage that it is characterized in that described biological carbon is 1-100 ton/hectare soil.
6. the method for a kind of trapping and fixing soil persistent organic pollutant using biological carbon according to claim 1, the thickness that it is characterized in that described plowed soils is 0-20cm.
7. the method for a kind of trapping and fixing soil persistent organic pollutant using biological carbon according to claim 1, the said contaminated soil of its feature is meant rice soil, moisture soil, red soil or sandy soil, the organic carbon content in the soil is less than 5.0%.
8. the method for a kind of trapping and fixing soil persistent organic pollutant using biological carbon according to claim 1 is characterized in that described persistence organic pollutant is polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, Polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxin, organo-chlorine pesticide and degraded intermediate product thereof.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA200810121195XA CN101380639A (en) | 2008-10-20 | 2008-10-20 | Method for trapping and fixing soil persistent organic pollutant using biological carbon |
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| CNA200810121195XA CN101380639A (en) | 2008-10-20 | 2008-10-20 | Method for trapping and fixing soil persistent organic pollutant using biological carbon |
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| CN101884298A (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2010-11-17 | 北京天地绿园农业科学研究院 | Nutritional soil prepared from corn cob hydrolysis residue and preparation method thereof |
| CN102422734A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2012-04-25 | 浙江大学 | Method for utilizing rice straws charring return to improve rice paddy field soil |
| CN102515914A (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2012-06-27 | 北京师范大学 | Preparation method and use method of biomass carbon fertilizer |
| CN102553905A (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2012-07-11 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | Method for remediating cadmium contaminated soil of vegetable field in situ by compounding bio-charcoal and organic fertilizer |
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| CN103301811A (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2013-09-18 | 辽宁石化职业技术学院 | preparation method of biomass charcoal adsorbent and method for treating oily wastewater by biomass charcoal adsorbent |
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2008
- 2008-10-20 CN CNA200810121195XA patent/CN101380639A/en active Pending
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| CN102553905A (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2012-07-11 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | Method for remediating cadmium contaminated soil of vegetable field in situ by compounding bio-charcoal and organic fertilizer |
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| CN103056156A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-24 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for fixing chlorobenzene volatile organic pollutants by straw biomass charcoal |
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